CN110461484B - 基板清洗装置 - Google Patents

基板清洗装置 Download PDF

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CN110461484B
CN110461484B CN201780089141.7A CN201780089141A CN110461484B CN 110461484 B CN110461484 B CN 110461484B CN 201780089141 A CN201780089141 A CN 201780089141A CN 110461484 B CN110461484 B CN 110461484B
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CN110461484A (zh
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王晖
吴均
程成
王希
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ACM Research Shanghai Inc
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    • G03F7/707Chucks, e.g. chucking or un-chucking operations or structural details
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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    • H01L21/68764Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by a movable susceptor, stage or support, others than those only rotating on their own vertical axis, e.g. susceptors on a rotating caroussel

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Abstract

本发明揭示了一种基板清洗装置,包括卡盘组件、至少一个第一喷嘴(107,207)、以及超声波或兆声波装置(206,306)。所述卡盘组件被配置为接收和夹紧基板。所述至少一个第一喷嘴(107,207)被配置为将液体喷射到基板的顶表面。所述超声波或兆声波装置(206,306)被配置为设置在基板顶表面的上方用于向基板提供超声波或兆声波清洗。在超声波或兆声波装置(206,306)和基板的顶表面之间形成有间隙,该间隙充分且持续地充满液体,因此超声波或兆声波装置(206,306)的整个底部在清洗过程中始终充满液体。

Description

基板清洗装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种基板清洗装置,更具体地,涉及使用超声波或兆声波设备清洗诸如掩膜板等的基板清洗装置。
背景技术
尽管从第一个晶体管问世至今半导体技术的发展已经超过半个世纪,现如今它仍然保持着强劲的发展势头,该发展仍然遵循着摩尔定律,即集成芯片的数目约每隔18个月便会增加一倍,以及半导体器件的尺寸每三年缩小0.7倍。此外,半导体晶片的直径达到了300mm。大尺寸、细线宽、高精度、高效率以及IC生产的低成本给半导体设备带来了前所未有的挑战。
在半导体器件的制造过程中,多个光刻工艺是这一过程的重要组成部分。通过例如曝光和选择性化学刻蚀,掩膜板上的集成电路图形印到半导体晶片上。在光刻工艺中,掩膜板起着至关重要的作用。掩膜板是在半导体器件制造过程中用于图形转移的高精度工具。通常来说,掩膜板会被重复使用。在掩膜板被重复使用多次后,掩膜板会变脏(残余抗蚀剂,灰尘,指纹等)。因此,掩膜板需要被清洗。在65nm及以下节点,掩膜板的清洗变得更加关键,掩膜板是否清洁将会影响半导体器件的质量和产量。目前,有多种方法来清洗掩膜板。一种是用表面活性剂和手工擦洗的方式来清洗掩膜板。另一种是使用丙酮、乙醇和超纯水来清洗掩膜板。还有一种是使用清洗液浸没掩膜板,结合超声波震荡来清洗掩膜板。然而,利用上述的多种方法来去除掩膜板上的污染物的效果并不是很理想。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种基板清洗装置,该装置能够提高基板的清洗效果。
根据本发明的一个实施例,基板清洗装置包括卡盘组件、至少一个第一喷嘴、以及超声波或兆声波装置。所述卡盘组件被配置为接收和夹紧基板。所述至少一个第一喷嘴被配置为将液体喷射到基板的顶表面。所述超声波或兆声波装置被配置为设置在基板顶表面的上方用于向基板提供超声波或兆声波清洗。在超声波或兆声波装置和基板的顶表面之间形成有间隙,该间隙充分且持续地充满液体,因此超声波或兆声波装置的整个底部在清洗过程中始终充满液体。
在本发明中,卡盘组件包括卡盘,该卡盘具有接收腔,该接收腔用来保持基板。掩膜板被放置在卡盘的接收腔,因此掩膜板能被看作是卡盘的一部分。超声波或兆声波装置的底部正对着掩膜板顶表面和卡盘顶表面,超声波或兆声波装置与掩膜板顶表面以及卡盘顶表面之间的间隙充分且持续地充满液体。超声波或兆声波装置的整个底部在清洗过程中始终充满液体。超声波或兆声波能量能够通过液体稳定地传递到掩膜板的顶表面。因此,掩膜板的整个顶表面接收均匀的超声波或兆声波功率密度分布,提高了掩膜板的清洗效果,特别是提高了掩膜板边缘的清洗效果。
附图说明
图1揭示了本发明基板清洗装置的第一实施例的正视图。
图2揭示了图1所示装置的顶视图。
图3揭示了图2中沿A-A的剖视图。
图4揭示了图1所示装置的透视图。
图5揭示了图4中B部位的放大图。
图6揭示了夹具的透视图。
图7揭示了用于清洗掩膜板的装置的透视图。
图8揭示了图7中C部位的放大图。
图9揭示了用于清洗掩膜板的装置的顶视图。
图10揭示了图9中沿D-D的剖视图。
图11揭示了用于清洗掩膜板的与超声波或兆声波装置相结合的装置的顶视图。
图12揭示了根据本发明基板清洗装置的第二实施例的正视图。
图13揭示了图12所示装置的顶视图。
图14揭示了图13中沿E-E的剖视图。
图15揭示了图12所示装置的透视图。
图16揭示了根据本发明第二实施例的用于清洗掩膜板的装置的顶视图。
图17揭示了图16中沿F-F的剖视图。
图18揭示了根据本发明第二实施例的与超声波或兆声波装置相结合用于清洗掩膜板的装置的顶视图。
图19揭示了与超声波或兆声波装置相结合用于清洗掩膜板的现有装置的顶视图。
具体实施方式
参考图1至图11所示,揭示了根据本发明第一实施例的使用超声波或兆声波装置清洗基板的装置。该基板清洗装置包括用于接收并夹紧基板的卡盘组件。具体地,卡盘组件包括卡盘101,与卡盘101固定的旋转轴102,旋转驱动器,支撑销105以及夹具104。旋转轴102与旋转驱动器相连接。旋转驱动器驱动旋转轴102和卡盘101旋转。卡盘101具有接收腔1011用来保持基板例如掩膜板103。接收腔1011的开口形状基本上是与掩膜板103形状相匹配的方形。应该认识到,接收腔1011的开口形状与基板的形状相匹配,不仅仅限于掩膜板103,也不仅仅限于方形。卡盘101具有四个竖直面1015,该四个竖直面1015被配置为形成接收腔1011的开口。较佳地,为了便于将掩膜板103放置在接收腔1011,卡盘101具有四个导向面1014,该四个导向面1014分别与四个竖直面1015连接。四个夹具104安装在卡盘101上并位于接收腔1011的四个角上以用于夹紧掩膜板103。如图6所示,每个夹具104具有基座1041,该基座1041固定在卡盘101上。基座1041具有开口1042和轴杆1043,该轴杆1043横向穿过开口1042且轴杆1043的两端固定在基座1041上。夹紧销1044悬挂在轴杆1043上。夹紧销1044位于开口1042处并能够绕轴杆1043转动。夹紧销1044的顶端设有直角槽1045以与掩膜板103的角匹配。夹紧销1044的内部设有重块,该重块的材质为不锈钢。用于制造夹紧销1044的材料密度低于用于制造重块的材料密度。当卡盘101的旋转速度高于阈值时,夹紧销1044通过离心力夹紧掩膜板103。当卡盘101的旋转速度低于该阈值时,夹紧销1044通过其自身的重力回到初始位置并释放掩膜板103。四个支撑销105设置在卡盘101的接收腔1011内用于支撑掩膜板103。该四个支撑销105位于接收腔1011的四个角并与四个夹紧销1044相对应。
如图3所示,卡盘101的底部设有多个排液孔1012。该多个排液孔1012与接收腔1011连通。该多个排液孔1012排列成圆形。每一个排液孔1012具有斜面,该斜面有助于接收腔1011内的液体排出。在接收腔1011内的卡盘101的底部设有倾斜面1013,该倾斜面1013有助于液体流至排液孔1012。
当使用如图1至图11所示装置清洗掩膜板103时,机械手传输掩膜板103并将掩膜板103放置在卡盘101的接收腔1011内。掩膜板103的侧壁和卡盘101的竖直面1015之间有一间距便于机械手将掩膜板103放置在卡盘101的接收腔1011内。该间距在0.5mm至2mm的范围内。通常,不能绝对保证机械手能够精确地将掩膜板103放置在卡盘101的接收腔1011内,这意味着机械手垂直于卡盘101的竖直面1015。机械手可以偏转一个角度,但即便如此,机械手仍能够将掩膜板103放置在卡盘101的接收腔1011内。机械手的偏转角θ满足方程:
Figure BDA0002217906550000041
这里的d指的是掩膜板103的侧壁和卡盘101的竖直面1015之间的间距,A指的是掩膜板103边的长度。
四个支撑销105支撑掩膜板103。较佳地,掩膜板103的顶表面和卡盘101的顶表面位于同一平面。应该认识到的是掩膜板103的顶表面和卡盘101的顶表面可以位于不同平面。旋转驱动器驱动旋转轴102及卡盘101旋转,使得四个夹紧销1044通过离心力夹紧掩膜板103。掩膜板103的每一个角都被夹住并位于直角槽1045内。通过这种方式,掩膜板103被保持并定位在卡盘101的接收腔1011内。至少一个第一喷嘴107喷射液体到掩膜板103的顶表面以清洗掩膜板103的顶表面。超声波或兆声波装置106设置在掩膜板103顶表面和卡盘101顶表面的上方以向掩膜板103提供超声波或兆声波清洗。超声波或兆声波装置106和掩膜板103顶表面及卡盘101顶表面之间形成有间隙。该间隙充分且持续地充满液体,因此超声波或兆声波能量通过液体稳定地传递到掩膜板103的顶表面。因此,掩膜板103的整个顶表面接收到均匀的超声波或兆声波功率密度分布。接收腔1011内的液体从多个排液孔1012排出。
参考图12至图18所示,揭示了根据本发明的第二实施例使用超声波或兆声波装置清洗基板的装置。该基板清洗装置包括卡盘201及与卡盘201固定的旋转轴202。旋转轴202与旋转驱动器连接。旋转驱动器驱动旋转轴202及卡盘201旋转。卡盘201具有接收腔2011用来保持基板例如掩膜板203。接收腔2011的开口形状是与掩膜板203形状相匹配的方形。应该认识到的是,接收腔2011的开口形状和基板的形状相匹配,不仅仅限于掩膜板203,也不仅仅限于方形。卡盘201具有四个竖直面2015,该四个竖直面2015被配置为形成接收腔2011的开口。较佳地,为了便于将掩膜板203放置在接收腔2011内,卡盘201具有四个导向面2014,该四个导向面2014分别与四个竖直面2015连接。
旋转轴202是中空的并且固定在卡盘201底部的中心处。卡盘201底部的中心处设有通孔2016。通孔2016与接收腔2011及中空的旋转轴202连通。第二喷嘴210穿过卡盘201的通孔2016及中空的旋转轴202以清洗掩膜板203的底表面。第二喷嘴210的顶端穿过卡盘201的通孔2016并收容在接收腔2011内。第二喷嘴210的底端穿过中空的旋转轴202。第二喷嘴210具有三个液体通道2101,该三个液体通道2101从第二喷嘴210的底端延伸到第二喷嘴210的顶端并穿过第二喷嘴210的顶端,用于喷射液体到掩膜板203的底表面上,以此来清洗掩膜板203的底表面。对应于每一个液体通道2101,第二喷嘴210的底端设有入口2102来提供液体至液体通道2101。应该知道的是,液体通道2101的数量不仅限于三个。为了满足工艺需要任何数量的液体通道2101都是能被接受的。在清洗过程中,第二喷嘴210是不旋转的。与本发明所揭示的第一实施例的装置相比,本发明所揭示的第二实施例的装置实现了掩膜板203双面的清洗。
四个夹具204安装在卡盘201上并位于接收腔2011的四个角上,用于夹紧掩膜板203。每一个夹具204具有基座,基座固定在卡盘201上。基座具有开口和轴杆,轴杆横向穿过开口且轴杆的两端固定在基座上。夹紧销2044悬挂在轴杆上。夹紧销2044位于开口处并能绕轴杆旋转。夹紧销2044的顶端设有直角槽以与掩膜板203的角匹配。夹紧销2044的内部设有重块,该重块的材料为不锈钢。制造夹紧销2044的材料的密度低于制造重块的材料的密度。当卡盘201的旋转速度高于阈值时,夹紧销2044通过离心力夹紧掩膜板203。当卡盘201的旋转速度低于该阈值时,夹紧销2044通过其自身的重力回到初始位置并且释放掩膜板203。四个支撑销205设置在卡盘201的接收腔2011内用于支撑掩膜板203。该四个支撑销205位于接收腔2011的四个角并对应着四个夹紧销2044。
如图14所示,卡盘201的底部设有多个排液孔2012。该多个排液孔2012与接收腔2011连通。该多个排液孔2012排列成圆形。每一个排液孔2012具有斜面,其斜面有助于接收腔2011内的液体排出。在接收腔2011内的卡盘201的底部设有倾斜面2013,该倾斜面2013有助于液体流至排液孔2012。
当使用如图12至图18所示装置清洗掩膜板203时,机械手传输掩膜板203并将掩膜板203放置在卡盘201的接收腔2011内。掩膜板203的侧壁和卡盘201的竖直面2015之间有一间距便于机械手将掩膜板203放置在卡盘201的接收腔2011内。该间距在0.5mm至2mm的范围内。一般而言,不能绝对保证机械手精确地将掩膜板203放置在卡盘201的接收腔2011内,这就意味着机械手垂直于卡盘201的一个竖直面2015。机械手能偏转一个角度,但即便如此,机械手仍然能够将掩膜板203放置在卡盘201的接收腔2011内。机械手的偏转角θ满足方程:
Figure BDA0002217906550000061
这里的d指的是掩膜板203的侧壁和卡盘201的竖直面2015之间的间距,A指的是掩膜板203边的长度。
四个支撑销205支撑掩膜板203。较佳地,掩膜板203的顶表面以及卡盘201的顶表面位于同一平面。应该认识到的是,掩膜板203的顶表面与卡盘201的顶表面可以位于不同平面。旋转驱动器驱动中空的旋转轴202及卡盘201旋转,使得夹紧销2044通过离心力夹紧掩膜板203。掩膜板203的每一个角都被夹紧并处于直角槽内。通过这种方式,掩膜板203被保持并定位于卡盘201的接收腔2011内。至少一个第一喷嘴207喷射液体到掩膜板203的顶表面以清洗掩膜板203的顶表面。超声波或兆声波装置206设置在掩膜板203的顶表面及卡盘201的顶表面上方,用于向掩膜板203提供超声波或兆声波清洗。超声波或兆声波装置206和掩膜板203的顶表面及卡盘201的顶表面之间形成有间隙。该间隙充分且持续地充满液体,因此超声波或兆声波能量通过液体稳定地传递到掩膜板203的顶表面。因此,掩膜板203的整个顶表面接收到均匀的超声波或兆声波功率密度分布。第二喷嘴210喷射液体到掩膜板203的底表面以清洗掩膜板203的底表面。接收腔2011内的液体通过多个排液孔2012排出。
如图19所示,在与超声波或兆声波装置306相结合用于清洗掩膜板303的现有装置中,在清洗过程中,超声波或兆声波装置306下方的区域A和区域B断断续续的充满液体。例如,当超声波或兆声波装置306处于位置A时,液体充分地充满超声波或兆声波装置306和掩膜板303顶表面之间的间隙,所以超声波或兆声波装置306下方的区域A和区域B具有液体。但是当超声波或兆声波装置306处于位置B时,超声波或兆声波装置306下方的区域A和区域B暴露在空气中且区域A和区域B处没有液体。气相和液相交替存在区域A和区域B。超声波或兆声波能量集中在气相和液相的界面之间。由能量集中所产生的高超声波或兆声波功率有损坏掩膜板303的风险。此外,当没有液体在区域A和区域B时,超声波或兆声波能量不能被传递到掩膜板303的顶表面,然而一旦区域A和区域B充满液体时,超声波或兆声波能量通过液体传递到掩膜板303的顶表面。这将导致传递到掩膜板303的顶表面的超声波或兆声波非均匀能量密度分布。此外,不稳定的液体传输也会导致乱流,从而导致超声波或兆声波能量的传递进一步不均匀。
为了克服以上问题,在本发明中,掩膜板被放置在卡盘的接收腔内,因此掩膜板可以被看做是卡盘的一部分。卡盘的尺寸和形状是没有限制的,只要超声波或兆声波装置的底部正对着掩膜板的顶表面和卡盘的顶表面,以及超声波或兆声波装置和掩膜板的顶表面及卡盘的顶表面之间的间隙充分且持续地充满液体。在清洗过程中,超声波或兆声波装置的整个底部始终都有液体。超声波或兆声波能量通过液体稳定地传递到掩膜板的顶表面。因此,掩膜板的整个顶表面接收均匀的超声波或兆声波功率密度分布,从而提高掩膜板的清洗效果,特别是提高掩膜板边缘的清洗效果。
本发明不局限于半导体领域。除了半导体领域,本发明也能够应用到例如LCD(液晶显示器)加工领域,PCB(印刷线路板)加工领域等。
综上所述,本发明通过上述实施方式及相关图式说明,己具体、详实的揭露了相关技术,使本领域的技术人员可以据以实施。而以上所述实施例只是用来说明本发明,而不是用来限制本发明的,本发明的权利范围,应由本发明的权利要求来界定。至于本文中所述元件数目的改变或等效元件的代替等仍都应属于本发明的权利范围。

Claims (14)

1.一种基板清洗装置,其特征在于,包括:
卡盘组件,接收和夹紧基板,卡盘组件包括卡盘,卡盘具有接收腔,该接收腔保持基板;
至少一个第一喷嘴,喷射液体到基板和卡盘的顶表面;以及
超声波或兆声波装置,设置在基板和卡盘的顶表面的上方以向基板提供超声波或兆声波清洗,超声波或兆声波装置和基板以及卡盘的顶表面之间形成有间隙,该间隙充分且持续地充满液体,因此在清洗过程中超声波或兆声波装置的整个底部始终充满液体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述卡盘组件包括:
旋转轴,与卡盘固定;
旋转驱动器,与旋转轴连接,驱动旋转轴及卡盘旋转;
支撑销,设置在卡盘的接收腔内,支撑基板;以及
夹具,安装在卡盘上,夹紧基板;
其中,超声波或兆声波装置设置在基板的顶表面及卡盘的顶表面的上方以向基板提供超声波或兆声波清洗,所述间隙形成在超声波或兆声波装置和基板的顶表面及卡盘的顶表面之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述的旋转轴是中空的并固定在卡盘底部,卡盘底部设有通孔,该通孔与接收腔及旋转轴连通,第二喷嘴穿过卡盘的通孔及旋转轴以清洗基板的底表面。
4.根据权利要求3所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述的第二喷嘴具有至少一个液体通道,该液体通道从第二喷嘴的底端延伸到顶端并穿过第二喷嘴的顶端以向基板的底表面喷射液体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,对应于每一个液体通道,第二喷嘴的底端设有入口以向液体通道供应液体。
6.根据权利要求2所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述卡盘的底部设有多个排液孔,该多个排液孔与接收腔连通。
7.根据权利要求6所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述接收腔内的卡盘的底部设有倾斜面,该倾斜面有助于接收腔内的液体流至排液孔。
8.根据权利要求2所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,每个所述夹具都具有夹紧销,该夹紧销通过离心力夹紧基板。
9.根据权利要求1所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述接收腔的开口形状与基板的形状匹配。
10.根据权利要求1所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述基板为掩膜板且接收腔的开口形状是方形。
11.根据权利要求10所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,有四个夹具安装在卡盘上并位于接收腔的四个角。
12.根据权利要求11所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,每个所述夹具都具有夹紧销,夹紧销的顶端设有直角槽,用于夹紧掩膜板的角。
13.根据权利要求11所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,有四个支撑销安装在接收腔的四个角且对应四个夹具。
14.根据权利要求2所述的基板清洗装置,其特征在于,所述基板的顶表面和卡盘的顶表面位于同一平面。
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