CN110455395B - Weight-moving type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for tire-road noise test - Google Patents
Weight-moving type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for tire-road noise test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110455395B CN110455395B CN201910802537.2A CN201910802537A CN110455395B CN 110455395 B CN110455395 B CN 110455395B CN 201910802537 A CN201910802537 A CN 201910802537A CN 110455395 B CN110455395 B CN 110455395B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a movable weight type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing tire-road noise, in particular to near-field testing equipment for noise generated by outdoor tire-road interaction, which aims to solve the problems that the existing tire-road noise testing equipment is easily influenced by environment and the operation of counterweight adjustment is complex. The invention relates to a weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle, wherein two steel plate springs are arranged on an axle, a square steel frame is arranged on the steel plate springs, four screw rods of a lifting device are vertically arranged on a frame body of the square steel frame, ear plates on the square frame are sleeved on the screw rods, sound insulation covers are covered on the periphery and the top of a wheel set, a microphone is connected from the outside of a vehicle body and fixed below the square steel frame, and the microphone is positioned on the inner side of a wheel. The invention realizes the control of the tire load by precisely moving the position of the counterweight through the ball screw, adopts a single-shaft double-wheel trailer structure which is close to an actual vehicle, approaches the vehicle running result as much as possible, and ensures the practicability of the test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to near-field testing equipment for noise generated by outdoor tire-road surface interaction, in particular to a moving weight type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for tire-road noise testing.
Background
Road noise includes three categories of dynamic noise, vehicle body noise, and tire-road noise, which is a major concern for road workers. Especially for noise-reducing road surface research, the noise-reducing performance of the road surface must be evaluated by means of a reliable tire-road noise testing system. Because the noise reduction road surface mainly solves the problem of tire-road noise, and the common traffic noise test method is not applicable, equipment capable of objectively and truly reflecting the noise generated by the interaction of the tire and the road surface is developed, and the method has important significance for the research of the noise reduction road surface.
At present, in the aspect of outdoor test of road noise, two methods of near field test and far field test are included: (1) a far field test adapted to evaluate noise throughout a traffic flow; (2) near field testing, which is suitable for professional tire-road noise studies. The method of near field testing can be subdivided into two categories, namely: (1) the noise measured by the external sound level meter method is not all tire-road noise, and is also influenced by noise from other vehicles and wind noise. (2) The method can reduce the interference of background noise and reflected noise to the maximum extent, accurately collect the tire-road noise, and is a test means which is worth popularizing and using.
From the above description, it can be seen that the noise detection vehicle is the best choice for the tire-road noise test. The applied tyre-road noise testing device or method patent in a research room adopting a trailer method mainly comprises a counterweight type tyre/road noise detection trailer (application number 200820233821.X) and a double-wheel adjustable counterweight type tyre road noise detection vehicle (application number 201120251986.1), wherein the two patents are both provided with counterweight loading systems, so that the defects of foreign related research design are overcome. However, these devices have complex structures and are inconvenient to load adjustment and operation, and a plurality of balance weights need to be carried at any time according to test requirements; on the other hand, the trailer is difficult to adapt to the requirements of complex road conditions when driving due to the fact that the height of the sound insulation cover is fixed (the requirement of the specification ISO 11819-2 is that the distance between the bottom of the sound insulation cover and the road surface is not more than 5cm in order to reduce wind noise interference). Therefore, there is a need for a tire-road noise detection vehicle that is easy and accurate to operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional tire-road noise test equipment is easily influenced by the environment, the balance weight adjusting operation is complex and the complicated road condition is difficult to adapt, and develops a movable double-wheel noise test vehicle for the tire-road noise test.
The invention relates to a weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing tire-road noise, which comprises wheel sets, leaf springs, a square steel frame, a lifting device, a loading device, a sound-proof housing and a data acquisition system, wherein an axle is arranged between two wheels to form the wheel sets; the loading device comprises a square frame, linear bearings, linear transmission shafts, ball screws and a counterweight block, wherein two linear transmission shafts and one ball screw are horizontally and transversely arranged in the square frame;
the lifting device comprises four lead screws and a plurality of nuts, the four lead screws of the lifting device are vertically arranged on a frame body of the square steel frame, each lead screw is sleeved with two nuts, an ear plate on the square frame is sleeved on the lead screw and positioned between the two nuts, the upper nut has the functions of limiting and fixing the displacement of the square frame, and the lower nut can control the distance between the square frame and the square steel frame, so that the ground clearance of the sound insulation cover is controlled;
the sound-proof shield covers the periphery and the top of the wheel set, and a middle sound-proof plate is arranged between the two wheels;
the data acquisition system comprises a plurality of microphones, the microphones are connected from the outside of the vehicle body and fixed below the square steel vehicle frame, and the microphones are positioned on the inner sides of the wheels and are arranged at intervals with the inner side wheel walls of the wheels.
The movable double-wheel noise detection vehicle mainly comprises a sound absorption and insulation system, a loading system, a data acquisition control system, a guide system, a field power supply system and the like. By utilizing the noise detection vehicle, various acoustic index researches including sound pressure level and sound frequency spectrum distribution characteristics can be carried out, and acoustic information of real tires and actual road surfaces in different environments can be comprehensively collected.
In order to avoid the interference of noise of an engine, an exhaust funnel and the like, the movable double-wheel noise detection vehicle is an unpowered trailer, a sound insulation cover is arranged outside the detection vehicle, and the microphone is ensured to be spaced from the tire of the tractor sufficiently. Adopt with unipolar double round structure, simulate the travel state of actual tire more really, simplified the trailer appearance, improved the stability of trailer simultaneously. In order to reduce the mutual interference of two test tires, the wheel track of the trailer test wheel is determined after the legality and the safety of the later-stage road driving are comprehensively considered, and a sound insulation plate is arranged between two wheels. In order to improve the overall stability and the applicability of the noise detection vehicle, a height-adjustable universal supporting wheel is installed in front of the main body structure, and a height adjusting device is arranged on the sound insulation cover.
The trailer sound insulation cover of the sound absorption and insulation system is based on a steel framework of the trailer, and comprises a steel plate, a sound insulation pad, rubber plastic cotton, a wood keel, a plane gypsum board, high-elastic polyester fiber sound absorption cotton, a wood keel, a perforated gypsum board and high-density polyester fiber sound absorption cotton from outside to inside in sequence. On the other hand, rubber pads are attached to all rigid joints of the trailer to block the transmission of vibration. Sealing strips are attached to the seams on the left side and the right side of the trailer to reduce wind intrusion in the testing process. The whole sound insulation cover carries the lifting device, and the safety distance between the road surface and the sound insulation cover can be controlled by lifting and reducing the sound insulation cover, so that the accuracy of test data and the safety of driving are ensured.
The field power supply system outputs power supply through the inverter for the tractor with the storage battery and the voltage stabilizer after conversion.
The movable double-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing the tire-road noise, disclosed by the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
1. the control of the tire load is realized by accurately moving the balance weight position through the ball screw, the effects of quickly changing the tire load and simplifying the equipment structure are achieved, the work of changing the load borne by the tire can be completed by a single person on the premise of not needing to load and unload back and forth and increase and decrease the balance weight iron, the flexibility of the equipment is greatly improved, and manpower and material resources are saved.
2. The inside lifting device that carries on of trailer can control the safe distance of way table and sound insulation cover through promoting, reducing the sound insulation cover, has guaranteed that the trailer can satisfy the test standard requirement, again can the complicated road conditions of perfect adaptation, has guaranteed the suitability and the security of equipment.
3. Adopt the unipolar double-wheel trailer structure similar with actual vehicle, be close to the vehicle operation result as far as, guaranteed the practicality of test result, also simplified the trailer appearance simultaneously, improved the stability of trailer.
4. Through the effective sound absorption and insulation system, the external noise is shielded and the internal noise reflection is reduced to the maximum extent, and the accuracy of the tire-road noise test result is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the weight-shifting type dual-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing tire-road noise according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view cross-sectional structure of a weight-shifting type two-wheel noise detection vehicle for tire-road noise testing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of a mobile weight type two-wheeled noise testing vehicle for tire-road noise testing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the lifting device and the loading device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the loading device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a square steel frame;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a microphone arrangement;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sound enclosure material.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing the tire-road noise comprises a wheel set 1, steel plate springs 18, a square steel frame 116, a lifting device 2, a loading device 3, a sound-proof cover 4 and a data acquisition system, wherein an axle is arranged between two wheels to form the wheel set 1, the left side and the right side of the axle are respectively provided with one steel plate spring 18, and the square steel frame 116 is horizontally arranged on the two steel plate springs 18 through a support rod 17; the loading device 3 comprises a square frame 31, linear bearings 32, linear transmission shafts 33, ball screws 34 and a balancing weight 35, wherein the square frame 31 is horizontally and horizontally provided with the two linear transmission shafts 33 and the ball screw 34, the ball screw 34 is positioned between the two linear transmission shafts 33 and is arranged in parallel with the linear transmission shafts 33, each linear transmission shaft 33 is respectively sleeved with one linear bearing 32, the balancing weight 35 is fixed on the two linear bearings 32, the ball screws 34 are rotated to enable the balancing weight 35 to move in the left-right direction, and the outer plate surfaces of the left frame plate and the right frame plate of the square frame 31 are respectively provided with two lug plates 36;
the lifting device 2 comprises four lead screws 21 and a plurality of nuts 22, the four lead screws 21 of the lifting device 2 are vertically arranged on a frame body of the square steel frame 116, each lead screw 21 is sleeved with two nuts 22, and an ear plate 36 on the square frame 31 is sleeved on the lead screws 21 and is positioned between the two nuts 22;
the sound-proof cover 4 is covered on the periphery and the top of the wheel set 1, and a middle sound-proof plate 44 is arranged between the two wheels;
the data acquisition system comprises a plurality of microphones 51, the microphones 51 are connected from the outside of the vehicle body and fixed below the square steel vehicle frame 116, and the microphones 51 are positioned on the inner side of the wheels and are arranged at intervals with the inner side wheel wall of the wheels.
The steel plate spring in the embodiment is an elastic element which is most widely applied in the automobile suspension, and is an elastic beam with approximately equal strength formed by combining a plurality of alloy spring pieces with equal width but unequal length.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment differs from the present embodiment in that a circular arc top cover 11 is provided outside the loading device 3.
The third concrete implementation mode: the first or second difference between the embodiment and the specific embodiment is that the weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing the tire-road noise further comprises a guide device, the guide device comprises a traction rod 115, a support wheel 114 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 113, one end of the traction rod 115 is connected with the square frame 31, the other end of the traction rod 115 is connected with a tractor, the hydraulic telescopic rod 113 is vertically arranged on the traction rod 115, and the support wheel 114 is arranged at the lower part of the hydraulic telescopic rod 113.
The supporting wheel in the embodiment is used for supporting the vehicle body, indoor short-distance transfer equipment and assisting the installation of the trailer frame on the tractor, the direction of the supporting wheel can be adjusted by a bottom steering bearing, and the height of the supporting wheel is adjusted by a crank on a hydraulic telescopic rod. In order to further adapt to different tractor heights, the traction rod is adjusted and fixed by a fixing screw. The upper portion of the tow bar is fitted with a trailer ball 112 for connection to a towing vehicle to control the direction of travel of the trailer. In the field test stage, the guide wheel is lifted by a hydraulic device so as to avoid tire-road noise caused by the guide wheel from interfering with a test result; in the non-testing phase, the support wheels are dropped to form a three-point supported plateau with the two test tires of the trailer.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and the first to third embodiments is that the soundproof cover 4 is composed of two first soundproof plates 41, two second soundproof plates 42, a top soundproof plate 43, and a middle soundproof plate 44, the two first soundproof plates 41 are located in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, the two second soundproof plates 42 are located in the left-right direction of the vehicle, and the two first soundproof plates 41 and the two second soundproof plates 42 are both connected to the square frame 31.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the fourth difference from the first embodiment is that the top sound-insulating panel 43 of the sound-insulating cover 4 is connected to the lower surface of the square steel frame 116.
The sound-proof shield of the embodiment is adjusted up and down along with the frame through the lifting device, so that the aim of changing the ground clearance of the sound-proof shield is fulfilled; in addition, the middle sound insulation board is provided with a gap in the center, and sound insulation cotton is filled in the gap so as to facilitate the movement of the wheel axle when the height is adjusted. In addition, 3mm rubber pads are attached to the rigid connection positions to block the transmission of vibration. Sealing strips are attached to the seams on the left side and the right side of the trailer to reduce wind intrusion in the testing process.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is that the material of the soundproof cover 4 is composed of a steel plate, a soundproof pad, rubber-plastic cotton, a first wood keel, a gypsum board, first (high-elasticity) polyester fiber sound-absorbing cotton, a second wood keel, a perforated gypsum board, and second (high-density) polyester fiber sound-absorbing cotton in this order from outside to inside.
This embodiment is earlier from the steel sheet begin to bore into long screw to first timber joist, then begins to bore into long screw to first timber joist from the second timber joist, and secondly begins to bore into short screw to the second timber joist from the perforation gypsum board, adopts the adhesive to inhale the sound cotton laminating of second (high density) polyester fiber on the perforation gypsum board and adopts to penetrate the nail to consolidate at last.
The structure of this embodiment sound-proof housing is as shown in fig. 8, and steel sheet, sound-proof pad and rubber and plastic cotton (frame A) represent the acoustic insulation material of trailer sound-proof housing, because steel frame can produce the vibration in the automobile driving process inevitable, this can produce low frequency resonance's interference noise, and external environment noise and past vehicle noise permeate through the steel sheet easily simultaneously and pass to inside, so need adopt the sound-proof pad of high density and the rubber and plastic cotton of certain thickness to separate the noise propagation. The first wood keel, gypsum board, first (high-elastic) polyester fiber sound absorbing cotton, second wood keel, perforated gypsum board, and second (high-density) polyester fiber sound absorbing cotton (frame B) represent the sound absorbing material of the trailer sound shield. The sound absorption cotton made of polyester fibers with the sound absorption coefficient not lower than 0.9 is selected, the sound absorption cotton absorbs dissipative sound energy through a porous structure of the sound absorption cotton, meanwhile, the wood keels are inserted between the sound absorption cotton to create cavities, and multiple reflection conditions are provided for the transmission of noise in the sound absorption cotton to attenuate sound waves.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between the present embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that the material of the sound-proof cover 4 is composed of, from outside to inside, 2mm steel plate, 3mm sound-proof pad, 3cm rubber-plastic cotton, 2cm first wood keel, 1cm gypsum board, 5cm first (high-elasticity) polyester fiber sound-absorbing cotton, 2cm second wood keel, 1cm perforated gypsum board and 1cm second (high-density) polyester fiber sound-absorbing cotton in sequence.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the difference between the first embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that the data acquisition system further comprises a digital anemometer and a non-contact infrared thermometer, the digital anemometer is used for monitoring the wind speed in the testing process, and the non-contact infrared thermometer is used for testing the temperatures of the road surface and the wheels.
The implementation mode adopts a Tackmann split-type digital anemoscope TD8901, has the resolution of 0.1m/s, can be fixed nearby the same height as a microphone, and is used for monitoring the wind speed in the testing process, wherein the requirement is not more than 5m/s, otherwise, the acquired sound pressure data are invalid; meanwhile, the device can also measure the ambient air temperature with the resolution ratio of 0.2 ℃. The non-contact infrared thermometer is adopted to obtain the temperatures of the road surface and the tires, and the precision is 0.1 ℃.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment is different from the first to eighth embodiments in that four lug plates 117 are provided on the square steel frame 116, and the screw shaft 21 is vertically welded to the surfaces of the lug plates 117.
Example (b): the moving weight type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for the tire-road noise test comprises a wheel set 1, steel plate springs 18, a square steel frame 116, a lifting device 2, a loading device 3, a sound-proof cover 4 and a data acquisition system, wherein an axle forming wheel set 1 is arranged between two wheels, the left side and the right side of the axle are respectively provided with one steel plate spring 18, and the square steel frame 116 is horizontally arranged on the two steel plate springs 18 through a support rod 17 (namely the support rod 17 is arranged on the steel plate springs 18); the loading device 3 comprises a square frame 31, linear bearings 32, linear transmission shafts 33, ball screws 34 and a balancing weight 35, wherein the square frame 31 is horizontally and horizontally provided with the two linear transmission shafts 33 and the ball screw 34, the ball screw 34 is positioned between the two linear transmission shafts 33 and is arranged in parallel with the linear transmission shafts 33, each linear transmission shaft 33 is respectively sleeved with one linear bearing 32, the balancing weight 35 is fixed on the two linear bearings 32, the ball screws 34 are rotated to enable the balancing weight 35 to move in the left-right direction, and the outer plate surfaces of the left frame plate and the right frame plate of the square frame 31 are respectively provided with two lug plates 36;
the lifting device 2 comprises four lead screws 21 and a plurality of nuts 22, the four lead screws 21 of the lifting device 2 are vertically arranged on a frame body of the square steel frame 116, each lead screw 21 is sleeved with two nuts 22, and an ear plate 36 on the square frame 31 is sleeved on the lead screws 21 and is positioned between the two nuts 22;
the sound-proof cover 4 is composed of two first sound-proof boards 41, two second sound-proof boards 42, a top sound-proof board 43 and a middle sound-proof board 44, wherein the two first sound-proof boards 41 are positioned in the front and back directions of the detection vehicle, the two second sound-proof boards 42 are positioned in the left and right directions of the detection vehicle, the two first sound-proof boards 41 and the two second sound-proof boards 42 are both connected to the circumferential direction of the square frame 31, the top sound-proof board 43 is connected to the lower surface of the square steel frame 116, the middle sound-proof board 44 is arranged between the two wheels, and the middle sound-proof board 44 is connected to the top sound-proof board 43;
the data acquisition system comprises a plurality of microphones 51, an anemometer and a non-contact infrared thermometer, the microphones 51 are fixed below a square steel frame 116, the microphones 51 are arranged at angles of 45 degrees and 135 degrees with the advancing direction respectively, the horizontal distance from the inner side wall of the tire is 200mm, the vertical distance from the ground is 100mm, and wind balls with the diameter not less than 45mm are selected, so that the influence of wind noise and the like on the microphones in the test process is reduced.
In the embodiment, a data acquisition control system is formed by a prestige MP201 type sound pressure sensor, an MA231 type preamplifier and VA-Lab electroacoustic test system software, so that the measurement and data processing of noise are realized.
In the embodiment, a Tackmann split-type digital anemoscope TD8901 is adopted, the resolution is 0.1m/s, the Tackmann split-type digital anemoscope TD8901 can be fixed near the microphone at the same height through an axle and is used for monitoring the wind speed in the test process, the requirement is not more than 5m/s, and otherwise, the collected sound pressure data is invalid; meanwhile, the device can also measure the ambient air temperature with the resolution ratio of 0.2 ℃.
In the embodiment, the non-contact infrared thermometer is adopted to obtain the temperatures of the road surface and the tires, and the precision is 0.1 ℃.
The overall size of the weight-shifting type two-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing the tire-road noise of the embodiment is about 3.5m in length, 2.25m in width and 1.4m in height.
The adjustable distance between the sound insulation cover of the movable weight type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing the tire-road noise and the ground is 0-15cm, and the adjustable load range of the single-side tire is 400-600 kg.
The test accuracy verification experiment of the weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for testing the tire-road noise is as follows:
in order to prove that the collected noise is basically derived from tire-road contact noise, the acoustic shield needs to be ensured to isolate background noise, and meanwhile, reflected noise inside the acoustic shield is absorbed as much as possible, so that the collected noise of the device is proved to be derived from tire-road noise.
Background noise
The background noise of the test process comprises external passing vehicle noise, environmental noise and the like, and in order to show that the collected sound is not interfered by the background noise, an optimal tire-road surface combination method is adopted for verification. The operation process is as follows:
(1) firstly, a low-noise tire is used, a layer of blanket is paved on the road surface to simulate a porous asphalt road surface for testing, and the working condition simulates the magnitude of background noise formed by the mechanical noise of a vehicle body, the noise of a front tractor, other traffic noises outside the vehicle and the like when the tire-road noise is very small.
(2) Then, the noise condition of the common tire on the common asphalt pavement is compared, and the working condition simulates the noise condition of actual detection comprising background noise and tire-road noise.
(3) And finally, comparing the difference value of the two collected noise sound pressure levels in the steps (1) and (2).
Although the human being can perceive sound in the frequency range of 20Hz-20000Hz, the human ear is more sensitive to mid-low frequency noise. According to the requirement of the specification ISO 11819-2, if the working condition (2) is 6dB higher than the whole 1/3 octave noise at 500-5000Hz or 1dB higher than each frequency band, and the whole 1/3 octave noise at 315-400Hz or 2dB higher than each frequency band, the noise measured by the microphone can be considered to be basically derived from the tire-road noise. Because the measurement situation is complex and it is difficult to ensure that each frequency band has a difference value of 1dB or 2dB, when the sound pressure level of the whole 315-Hz frequency band is higher than 10dB, it can be proved that the interference of background noise can be ignored during the test.
Taking the vehicle speed of 50km/h as an example, detecting whether the background noise has influence on the test result, wherein the working condition (1): low noise tire + carpet; working condition (2): normal tires + asphalt pavement. The noise of the working condition (1) is L at the momentm84.59dB, the noise level of the working condition (2) is Lbgm71.67 dB. It is worth mentioning that the synthesis and decomposition operations of the sound pressure level are not simple addition and subtraction operations, the sound pressure level cannot be directly added and subtracted, and the operation must be performed in an energy form, so that according to the superposition formula of the sound pressure level:
in the formula: l ism-the actual measured sound pressure level (db (a));
Lbgm-the sound pressure level of the background noise (db (a));
l is the true sound pressure level (dB (A)) of the point to be measured;
the sound pressure level of the real tire/road noise is calculated to be 84.36dB, and compared with the actually measured 84.59dB, the difference is only 0.23dB, and the difference is very small, so that the reason why the actually measured result can be considered to ignore the background noise interference when the working condition (2) is 10dB higher than the sound pressure level of the working condition (1) in the 315-5000Hz frequency band is explained in the specification. Therefore, the noise result collected by the trailer equipment is hardly affected by the background noise, and the actual sound pressure level can be replaced by the actually tested sound pressure level.
Reflection noise
The reflection noise in the test process mainly refers to noise caused by back-and-forth reflection of noise generated by interaction between a tire and a road surface in the sound insulation cover, and in order to show that the sound absorption material in the sound insulation cover can fully absorb the reflection noise and ensure that the collected sound is not interfered by the reflection noise, a sound source simulation method is adopted for verification. The operation process is as follows:
(1) firstly, the tyre is disassembled, a loudspeaker with the sound level far higher than the background noise and the size equivalent to the ground contact area of the tyre to be tested is placed at the position where the original tyre is contacted with the ground, the tyre-road noise audio recorded in advance is played, then the sound insulation cover is completely closed (the sound insulation cover is consistent with the actual test state), the normal gap is ensured to be reserved between the sound insulation cover and the ground, and the test noise L is measured1。
(2) Then, the spacers are removedA sound cover, a microphone and a loudspeaker are arranged at the same position, and the noise size L is collected when no sound insulation cover is arranged2。
(3) And finally, comparing the difference value of the two collected noise sound pressure levels in the steps (1) and (2).
The noise without the sound-proof cover is required to be 3dB higher than the whole 1/3 octave noise of the noise with the sound-proof cover in the range of 315Hz to 5000Hz, so that the noise measured by the microphone can be considered to contain no reflection noise.
Corresponding to the working condition (1), the sound pressure level of the noise is L at the moment160.98 dB; for the working condition (2), the sound pressure level of the noise is L at the moment264.75 dB. The difference between the two is 3.77 dB. Therefore, the sound-absorbing effect inside the sound-insulating cover is considered to be good, and the requirement that the collected sound is not interfered by the reflected noise can be met.
Claims (8)
1. The weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for the tire-road noise test is characterized by comprising a wheel set (1), steel plate springs (18), a square steel frame (116), a lifting device (2), a loading device (3), a sound-proof housing (4) and a data acquisition system, wherein an axle is arranged between the two wheels to form the wheel set (1), the steel plate springs (18) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the axle, and the square steel frame (116) is horizontally arranged on the two steel plate springs (18) through a support rod (17); the loading device (3) comprises a square frame (31), linear bearings (32), linear transmission shafts (33), ball screws (34) and balancing weights (35), wherein the square frame (31) is horizontally and transversely provided with the two linear transmission shafts (33) and the ball screw (34), the ball screw (34) is positioned between the two linear transmission shafts (33) and is arranged in parallel with the linear transmission shafts (33), each linear transmission shaft (33) is respectively sleeved with one linear bearing (32), the balancing weights (35) are fixed on the two linear bearings (32), the ball screws (34) are rotated to enable the balancing weights (35) to move in the left-right direction, and the outer plate surfaces of the left frame plate and the right frame plate of the square frame (31) are respectively provided with two lug plates (36);
the lifting device (2) comprises four lead screws (21) and a plurality of nuts (22), the four lead screws (21) of the lifting device (2) are vertically arranged on a frame body of a square steel frame (116), each lead screw (21) is sleeved with two nuts (22), and an ear plate (36) on the square frame (31) is sleeved on the lead screws (21) and is positioned between the two nuts (22);
the sound-proof shield (4) is covered on the periphery and the top of the wheel set (1), a middle sound-proof plate (44) is arranged between the two wheels, the sound-proof shield (4) is composed of two first sound-proof plates (41), two second sound-proof plates (42), a top sound-proof plate (43) and a middle sound-proof plate (44), the two first sound-proof plates (41) are located in the front-back direction of the detection vehicle, the two second sound-proof plates (42) are located in the left-right direction of the detection vehicle, and the two first sound-proof plates (41) and the two second sound-proof plates (42) are connected to the square frame (31);
the data acquisition system comprises a plurality of microphones (51), the microphones (51) are fixed below the square steel frame (116), and the microphones (51) are positioned on the inner sides of the wheels and are arranged at intervals with the inner side wheel walls of the wheels.
2. The mobile weight type two-wheel noise test vehicle for tire-road noise test according to claim 1, characterized in that a circular arc-shaped top cover (11) is provided outside the loading device (3).
3. The weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for the tire-road noise test according to claim 1, further comprising a guiding device, wherein the guiding device comprises a traction rod (115), a supporting wheel (114) and a hydraulic telescopic rod (113), one end of the traction rod (115) is connected with the square frame (31), the other end of the traction rod (115) is connected with a towing vehicle, the hydraulic telescopic rod (113) is vertically arranged on the traction rod (115), and the supporting wheel (114) is arranged at the lower part of the hydraulic telescopic rod (113).
4. The mobile weight type two-wheel noise test vehicle for tire-road noise test according to claim 1, wherein the top sound-proof plate (43) of the sound-proof housing (4) is attached to the lower surface of the square steel frame (116).
5. The weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for the tire-road noise test according to claim 1, wherein the sound insulation cover (4) is made of steel plates, sound insulation pads, rubber and plastic cotton, a first wood keel, a gypsum board, first polyester fiber sound absorption cotton, a second wood keel, a perforated gypsum board and second polyester fiber sound absorption cotton in sequence from outside to inside.
6. The weight-shifting type double-wheel noise detection vehicle for the tire-road noise test according to claim 5, wherein the sound insulation cover (4) is made of 2mm steel plates, 3mm sound insulation pads, 3cm rubber plastic cotton, 2cm first wood keels, 1cm gypsum boards, 5cm first polyester fiber sound absorption cotton, 2cm second wood keels, 1cm perforated gypsum boards and 1cm second polyester fiber sound absorption cotton in sequence from outside to inside.
7. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition system further comprises a digital anemometer and a non-contact infrared thermometer, the digital anemometer is used to monitor the wind speed during the test, and the non-contact infrared thermometer is used to test the temperature of the road surface and the wheels.
8. The weight-shifting type two-wheel noise detection vehicle for the tire-road noise test according to claim 1, wherein four lug plates (117) are arranged on the square steel frame (116), and the screw rod (21) is vertically welded on the surfaces of the lug plates (117).
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| CN113567156A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-29 | 青岛双星轮胎工业有限公司 | Device and method for testing tire noise by using semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine |
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