CN110439458B - Novel rotary air hammer rock guiding drilling tool - Google Patents

Novel rotary air hammer rock guiding drilling tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110439458B
CN110439458B CN201910761781.9A CN201910761781A CN110439458B CN 110439458 B CN110439458 B CN 110439458B CN 201910761781 A CN201910761781 A CN 201910761781A CN 110439458 B CN110439458 B CN 110439458B
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China
Prior art keywords
shell
hammer
spiral
head
rotary air
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CN201910761781.9A
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CN110439458A (en
Inventor
曹良
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Suzhou Keyi Oil Gas Engineering Equipment Service Co ltd
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Suzhou Keyi Oil Gas Engineering Equipment Service Co ltd
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Priority to CN201910761781.9A priority Critical patent/CN110439458B/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14Fluid operated hammers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/16Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel rotary air hammer rock guide drilling tool which comprises a shell, a power device arranged in the shell and a hammer head structure pushed by the power device, wherein the shell is provided with a plurality of holes; the hammer structure comprises a spiral hammer and a spiral shell; the spiral shell is fixed on the inner wall of the shell; the spiral shell is in splined connection with the spiral hammer head; the screw hammer head comprises a third inner channel communicated with the power device; the third inner channel reaches the head of the screw hammer head. The invention overcomes the limitation that the rock can not be crushed in the process that the drill rod does not rotate and the hammer head guides in the prior art. The invention realizes rotation under the conditions of a spiral structure and vibration, further crushes rock in a surface mode, and solves the problem that a pneumatic hammer cannot guide to fix a point.

Description

Novel rotary air hammer rock guiding drilling tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock pipeline engineering construction of horizontal directional drilling machines, in particular to a novel rotary air hammer rock guide drilling tool.
Background
In the prior art, a slurry motor and a tricone bit are adopted for guiding construction in rock engineering construction of a non-excavation horizontal directional drilling machine, and the method is commonly used in petroleum drilling. The construction method is that high pressure mud is used to drive the tricone bit on the mud motor to drill and statically push to perform positioning and guiding construction, and the method needs a large amount of mud and high pressure mud pump to work together with the mud motor, and has the characteristics of large power consumption, slow footage speed and long construction period.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a novel rotary air hammer rock guide drilling tool.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a novel rotary air hammer rock guide drilling tool comprises a shell, a power device arranged in the shell and a hammer head structure pushed by the power device; the hammer structure comprises a spiral hammer and a spiral shell; the spiral shell is fixed on the inner wall of the shell; the spiral shell is in splined connection with the spiral hammer head; the screw hammer head comprises a third inner channel communicated with the power device; the third inner channel reaches the head of the screw hammer head.
The further technical proposal is that a guide ring is positioned on the inner step of the shell; the power device comprises a piston; the ejection part of the piston is sleeved in one end of the guide ring; the rear end part of the spiral hammer is sleeved in the other end of the guide ring and is abutted against the ejection part of the piston.
The power device comprises a short circuit arranged at one end of the shell and a cylinder body with a step positioned in the shell; one end of the cylinder body is provided with a valve plate; the port plate comprises a valve seat; a check valve is arranged in the valve seat; the other end of the cylinder body is slidably provided with a piston; the short joint is provided with a compressed air channel; the check valve slides in the valve seat and can slide to the end of the compressed air channel; the port plate includes a first inner channel; the piston includes a second inner passage; the first inner channel, the second inner channel and the third inner channel are communicated in sequence.
The further technical scheme is that an elastic pad is arranged between the valve plate and the short circuit.
The further technical scheme is that the short circuit comprises an annular fixed structure; one end of the short circuit extends into the shell, and the fixing structure is clamped and fixed at the end part of the shell; one end of the short circuit comprises a protruding annular connecting structure; and an elastic pad is arranged between the connecting structure and the valve plate.
The further technical proposal is that the valve seat step is positioned at one end of the cylinder body; the other end of the valve plate is provided with a convex structure; the pushing part of the piston is provided with a groove matched with the shape of the convex structure of the port plate.
The further technical scheme is that a damping cavity is arranged between the spiral shell and the shell.
The further technical proposal is that the spiral shell comprises a first ring and a second ring which are connected integrally; the outer diameter of the first ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the housing; the outer diameter of the second ring is greater than the outer diameter of the first ring; the first ring is sleeved and fixed in the shell; and a damping cavity is arranged between the end surface of the second ring and the end surface of the shell.
The further technical scheme is that when the extension range of the spiral hammer head is 0-15 cm, when the spiral hammer head extends out of 0-15 cm, the rotation angle range of the spiral hammer head is 0-40 degrees, and the rotation range of the spline teeth of the spiral hammer head is 0-270 degrees.
The further technical scheme is that the diameter of the spiral hammer head is 200-1420 mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a novel rotary air hammer rock guide drilling tool, which is a novel guide drilling tool which takes compressed air as impact power and is suitable for rock stratum drilling. The novel rotary air hammer overcomes the limitation that rock cannot be crushed in the process of non-rotation of a drill rod and guiding of the hammer head in the prior art. The invention realizes rotation under the conditions of a spiral structure and vibration, further crushes rock in a surface mode, and solves the problem that a pneumatic hammer cannot guide to fix a point.
The invention uses the structure of the rotary spline, and can achieve the rock drilling state under the condition of only supplying thrust without rotating the air hammer.
When the rotary air hammer extends out of the rotary air hammer by 15cm from 0cm, the same spline tooth rotates by about 270 degrees, and when the rotary air hammer extends out of the rotary air hammer by 20cm from 0cm, the same spline tooth just rotates by 360 degrees. The length of the cylinder of 15cm is matched, compared with the prior art, the opening time of the check valve is delayed, and the invention can ensure that the impact force of the rotary air hammer keeps unchanged within the distance of 0-15 cm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the screw hammer head.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the screw hammer head.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the spiral casing.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the spiral casing.
In the figure: 1. short-circuit connection; 2. a check valve; 3. a spring pad; 4. a valve plate; 5. a cylinder body; 6. a piston; 7. A housing; 8. a guide ring; 9. a shock pad; 10. a spiral housing; 11. screw hammer head.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the pilot drill includes a housing 7, a power unit installed inside the housing 7, and a hammer head structure pushed by the power unit.
The hammer head structure comprises a screw hammer head 11 and a screw shell 10. The screw housing 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 7. The screw shell 10 and the screw hammer 11 are connected by splines. Specifically, the power device pushes the screw hammer 11 in the hammer structure. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the screw hammer head. Fig. 3 is a side view of the screw hammer head. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the spiral casing. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the spiral casing. As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the spline teeth on the outer wall of the screw hammer 11 are engaged with the spline teeth on the inner wall of the screw housing 10. The screw head 11 rotates relative to the screw housing 10 while the power unit pushes the screw head 11 forward.
In this embodiment, the maximum extension range of the screw hammer 11 is 0-20 cm, and when the screw hammer 11 extends out by 0-20 cm, the rotation range of a certain spline tooth of the screw hammer 11 is about 0-360 °. In conventional use, the extension range of the spiral hammer 11 is 0-15 cm, the rotation angle range of the spiral hammer 11 is 0-40 degrees, and the rotation range of the spline teeth of the spiral hammer 11 is 0-270 degrees.
A guide ring 8 is positioned on the inner step of the housing 7. The guide ring 8 is an annular structure with openings at both ends, and can be fixed on the inner wall of the housing 7 by welding or the like.
The power means comprises a piston 6. The piston 6 includes an ejection portion for ejecting the hammer head structure and a pushed portion.
The ejection portion of the piston 6 is nested within one end of the guide ring 8. The rear end part of the screw hammer 11 is sleeved in the other end of the guide ring 8 and is abutted against the ejection part of the piston 6. The piston 6 is pushed to move according to the restriction range of the guide ring 8, and the screw hammer 11 is ejected. Because the screw hammer 11 and the screw housing 10 are connected through spline teeth, the screw hammer 11 rotates and ejects while receiving pushing force.
The power plant further comprises a short circuit 1 mounted at one end of the housing 7 and a cylinder 5 with a step positioned inside the housing 7.
The short circuit 1 comprises a ring-shaped fixed structure. One end of the short circuit 1 extends into the shell 7, and the fixing structure is clamped at the end part of the shell 7 and fixed. One end of the short 1 comprises a protruding annular connecting structure. The short joint 1 is provided with a compressed air channel.
The cylinder 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the housing 7 by screws. The port plate 4 is installed at one end of the cylinder body 5. One end of the valve plate 4 is a valve seat, and a valve seat step is positioned at one end of the cylinder body 5. The other end of the valve plate 4 is a convex structure. The other end of the cylinder 5 is slidably mounted with a piston 6. The pushing part of the piston 6 is provided with a groove matched with the convex structure shape of the port plate 4.
An elastic pad 3 is arranged between the valve plate 4 and a ring-shaped connecting structure protruding from one end of the short circuit 1.
The check valve 2 is installed in the valve seat of one end of the valve plate 4, the check valve 2 slides in the valve seat, and the check valve 2 can abut against the end of the compressed air channel of the short circuit 1. An air chamber is formed between the annular connecting structure protruding from one end of the short circuit 1, the port plate 4 and the piston 6.
The port plate 4 comprises a first internal passage, the piston 6 comprises a second internal passage, and the screw head 11 comprises a third internal passage. The first inner channel, the second inner channel and the third inner channel are communicated with each other.
Further, a damping chamber 9 is provided between the spiral housing 10 and the housing 7. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the spiral casing 10 includes a first ring and a second ring integrally connected. The outer diameter of the first ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the housing 7. The outer diameter of the second ring is larger than the outer diameter of the first ring. The first ring is fitted into the housing 7 and fixed. Between the end surface of the second ring and the end surface of the housing 7 a damping chamber 9 is arranged.
As shown in figure 1, when the pneumatic hammer is used, compressed air enters through the inner channel of the drill rod and the short joint 1, when the air pressure reaches a certain parameter, the check valve 2 is opened, and then the compressed air sequentially passes through the first inner channel of the valve plate 4, the second inner channel of the piston 6 and the third inner channel of the spiral hammer 11 and enters the head of the hammer, so that the hammer generates vibration and impact. The invention is also provided with a guide ring 8 for supporting and guiding the piston 6. The elastic pad 3 plays a role in preventing looseness. The shock-absorbing pad 9 plays a shock-absorbing role. When the linear feeding is carried out, the drill rod drives the spiral hammer head 11 to rotate, and the crushing function is realized.
In the embodiment, the diameter of the screw hammer 11 is 200mm to 1420mm, and the screw hammer is suitable for pipeline guiding engineering with the length of 0m to 5000 m.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the outer wall of the screw hammer head 11 is provided with a rotating spline, and in the guiding process that the drill rod does not rotate, the screw hammer head 11 can rotate 0-40 degrees under the action of strong compressed air under the condition that the screw hammer head 11 extends out.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the screw housing 10 is provided with a rotary spline, which is engaged with or matches the rotary spline on the screw hammer 11. In the working process, the piston 6 pushes the spiral hammer 11 and the spiral shell 10 to rotate to push and withdraw, so that the hammer alloy head is rotated while feeding, and rock is crushed by a surface structure.
The foregoing description is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner without departing from the basic structure thereof.

Claims (9)

1. The novel rotary air hammer rock guide drilling tool is characterized by comprising a shell (7), a power device arranged in the shell (7) and a hammer head structure pushed by the power device; the hammer head structure comprises a spiral hammer head (11) and a spiral shell (10); the spiral shell (10) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (7); the spiral shell (10) is in spline connection with the spiral hammer head (11); the screw hammer head (11) comprises a third inner channel communicated with the power device; the third inner channel reaches the head of the screw hammer head (11); a guide ring (8) is positioned on the inner step of the shell (7); the power device comprises a piston (6); the ejection part of the piston (6) is sleeved in one end of the guide ring (8); the rear end part of the screw hammer head (11) is sleeved in the other end of the guide ring (8) and is abutted against the ejection part of the piston (6).
2. A new rotary air hammer rock pilot drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the power means comprises a short circuit (1) mounted at one end of the housing (7) and a cylinder (5) with a step positioned inside the housing (7); one end of the cylinder body (5) is provided with a valve plate (4); the port plate (4) comprises a valve seat; a check valve (2) is arranged in the valve seat; the other end of the cylinder body (5) is slidably provided with a piston (6); the short joint (1) is provided with a compressed air channel; the check valve (2) slides in the valve seat and can slide to the end of the compressed air channel; the port plate (4) comprises a first inner channel; the piston (6) comprises a second inner channel; the first inner channel, the second inner channel and the third inner channel are communicated in sequence.
3. A new rotary air hammer rock pilot drill as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a spring washer (3) is installed between the port plate (4) and the short circuit (1).
4. A new rotary air hammer rock pilot drill according to claim 2, characterized in that the short joint (1) comprises an annular fixed structure; one end of the short circuit (1) extends into the shell (7), and the fixing structure is clamped at the end part of the shell (7) and fixed; one end of the short circuit (1) comprises a protruding annular connecting structure; an elastic pad (3) is arranged between the connecting structure and the valve plate (4).
5. A new rotary air hammer rock pilot drill as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the valve seat step is located at one end of the cylinder (5); the other end of the valve plate (4) is of a convex structure; the pushing part of the piston (6) is provided with a groove which is matched with the convex structure shape of the port plate (4).
6. A new rotary air hammer rock pilot drill according to claim 1, characterized in that a damping chamber (9) is provided between the spiral housing (10) and the housing (7).
7. A new rotary air hammer rock pilot drill as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the spiral housing (10) comprises a first and a second ring integrally connected; the outer diameter of the first ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the housing (7); the outer diameter of the second ring is greater than the outer diameter of the first ring; the first ring is sleeved and fixed in the shell (7); and a damping cavity (9) is arranged between the end surface of the second ring and the end surface of the shell (7).
8. The novel rotary air hammer rock pilot drill as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that when the extension range of the screw head (11) is 0-15 cm, when the screw head (11) extends 0-15 cm, the rotation angle range of the screw head (11) is 0-40 °, and the rotation range of the spline teeth of the screw head (11) is 0-270 °.
9. A novel rotary air hammer rock pilot drill as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the screw head (11) is 200mm to 1420 mm.
CN201910761781.9A 2019-08-16 2019-08-16 Novel rotary air hammer rock guiding drilling tool Active CN110439458B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910761781.9A CN110439458B (en) 2019-08-16 2019-08-16 Novel rotary air hammer rock guiding drilling tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910761781.9A CN110439458B (en) 2019-08-16 2019-08-16 Novel rotary air hammer rock guiding drilling tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110439458A CN110439458A (en) 2019-11-12
CN110439458B true CN110439458B (en) 2021-06-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3510375A1 (en) * 1985-03-22 1986-09-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart TOOL FOR PRODUCING UNDERCUT DRILL HOLES
CN201598972U (en) * 2010-03-12 2010-10-06 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 Auto-rotation type air hammer
CN101781969A (en) * 2010-03-12 2010-07-21 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 Self-rotating air hammer
CN101967955B (en) * 2010-09-30 2013-05-08 山河智能装备股份有限公司 Rotation-revolution combined down-hole hammer and construction method thereof
CN201786252U (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-04-06 湖南山河智能机械股份有限公司 Rotation-revolution combined down-hole hammer
CN108360974B (en) * 2018-04-12 2023-10-13 中国石油大学(北京) Composite impact tool

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