CN110439054A - A kind of dystrophication bed mud ecological dredging ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of river and lake dredging, in particular to an ecological dredging ship for polluted bottom mud of rivers and lakes. Including the hull, conveying pipe, conical bucket, suction pump, rotary drive device, connecting device and turret, a rectangular frame is fixed on both sides of the hull, a sliding platform is installed on the rectangular frame, and a winch is fixed on the sliding platform. The vegetation protection device is hoisted on the winch by a steel cable. The vegetation protection device is fixed with a mechanical arm. The upper end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected with the sliding platform, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the movable end of the mechanical arm. The driving end of the rotary drive device is fixedly connected with the connecting device. Claws for grasping or letting go of the turret are installed on the connecting device, and the two ends of the turret are provided with winding columns extending downward for winding plants. The rotation of the hull drives the rotation of the turret, which makes the ribbon-shaped plants curl up and minimizes the area covered by the plant body, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the plants. At the same time, precise positioning can be achieved during dredging to avoid river bottom vegetation.

Description

A river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of river and lake dredging, in particular to an ecological dredging ship for polluted bottom mud of rivers and lakes.

Background technique

Each river and lake is an independent ecological circle. In order to ensure the cleanliness of the environment, the bottom of the river and lake should be regularly dredged. However, due to the huge workload of dredging, mechanical equipment will be used to clean it. Most of the traditional cleaning equipment is of the conveyor belt type or directly sucks the sludge through the suction pipe, but does not take into account the vegetation at the bottom of the river. When the sludge is sucked, it will cause damage to the plants at the bottom of the river and lake, thereby affecting the ecological balance. At the same time, the existing dredging equipment does not have the function of underwater movement, and its position can only be adjusted by moving the hull, which cannot achieve precise positioning.

For example: in the Chinese patent "An Integrated Equipment for Ecological Desilting of River and Lake Polluted Sediment" with the announcement number CN 207685886 U, by starting the ecological salvage device, the aquatic organisms in the sediment are salvaged to the front-end ecological cleaning pool on the ship, and then activated The bottom mud pumping device is used to pump away the bottom mud disturbed by the ecological salvage net through the suction pipe, and the cleaned mud is sent to the designated bottom mud receiving position through the mud delivery pipe, and the aquatic organisms salvaged to the dredging ship are ecologically cleaned at the front end After preliminary cleaning, the pool is transferred to the back-end ecological cleaning pool for secondary cleaning.

The above-mentioned patents can effectively salvage and clean the organisms through the function of the ecological salvage device, but at the same time when the organisms are salvaged, due to its mechanical characteristics, the plants at the bottom of the river and lake will be salvaged together, causing damage to the plants, and it cannot be dredged. At the same time, the protection of plants will directly affect the ecological balance of rivers and lakes. And it can only adjust the salvage position by means of hull movement, which cannot achieve precise positioning, and the cleaning efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to aim at the defects of the prior art, and provide an ecological dredging ship for polluted bottom mud of rivers and lakes, which can realize flexible adjustment of salvage positions and protect river bottom vegetation.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: an ecological dredging ship for river and lake polluted sediment, including a hull and a dredging device, the dredging device including a delivery pipe, a conical bucket and a suction pump, the upper end of the delivery pipe is connected to the suction pump The suction pump is connected, the lower end is connected with the tapered bucket, and a vegetation protection device is included. The vegetation protection device includes a rotary drive device, a connection device and a turret. A rectangular frame is fixed on both sides of the hull, and A sliding platform is provided to slide and cooperate with the rectangular frame along the length direction of the hull, a hoist is fixed on the sliding platform, the vegetation protection device is hoisted on the hoist by a steel cable, and a mechanical arm is fixed on the vegetation protection device. The upper end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the sliding table, the lower end is fixedly connected to the movable end of the mechanical arm, the driving end of the rotary drive device is fixedly connected to the connecting device, and the connecting device is equipped with a card for grasping or releasing the turret. Claws, the two ends of the turret are provided with winding columns extending downwards for winding plants.

More preferably, it also includes a deceleration motor, the deceleration motor is arranged on the side of the sliding table close to the hull, the end of the output shaft of the deceleration motor is coaxially fixed with a gear, and the hull is provided with a rack along the length direction. The gear is connected with the rack drive.

More preferably, the connecting device includes a waterproof linear motor fixedly connected to the driving end of the rotary driving device, the claw is arranged around the connecting device with the claw point facing downward, and the driving end of the waterproof linear motor is movable with the top of the claw connected, the claws are driven by the waterproof linear motor to grasp or loosen the turret.

More preferably, the connection device further includes a hollow cylinder, a three-prong connector and an annular connecting rod, the interior of the hollow cylinder is hollow and opens downward, the waterproof linear motor is vertically arranged inside the hollow cylinder, and the rotating The driving end of the driving device passes through the hollow cylinder and is fixed on the top of the waterproof linear motor. The trident connector is horizontally fixed on the driving end of the waterproof linear motor. One end is movably connected with the trident connecting piece, and the other end is movably connected with the top of the claw passing through the movable hole of the claw.

More preferably, the rotary driving device includes a diving box, a rotating motor, a rotating shaft and a sealed bearing, the rotating motor is fixed on the inner top wall of the diving box, and the driving end of the rotating motor is aligned with the vertically arranged rotating shaft. The shaft is fixedly connected, the bottom of the rotating shaft passes through the diving box and is rotationally connected with the diving box through a sealed bearing, the mechanical arm is fixed on the outer wall of the diving box facing the delivery pipe, and the diving box is used to fix the mechanical arm A camera is arranged on the outer wall of the diving box, and a distance sensor is arranged at the bottom of the diving box.

More preferably, a cylindrical airbag is sheathed on the surrounding pillar, the outer wall of the cylindrical airbag is a corrugated surface, and the bottom of the surrounding pillar is provided with a sharp stabbing rod at the lower part.

More preferably, the desilting device also includes a hollow shaft motor, a soft auger and a bearing, the hollow shaft motor is arranged at the upper end of the conveying pipe and is fixed with the sliding table, and the suction pump passes through the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor and The upper end of the conveying pipe is connected, the soft auger is arranged inside the conveying pipe, the tapered bucket is rotatably connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe through a bearing, the upper end of the soft auger is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor, the soft auger The lower end of the auger is fixedly connected to the top of the tapered bucket, and the outer wall of the tapered bucket is provided with a mud hole, and the tapered bucket is equipped with an outwardly protruding toggle piece at the mud hole.

More preferably, it also includes connecting piece 1 and connecting piece 2, the lower end of the hollow shaft extends into the delivery pipe, the connecting piece 2 is horizontally fixed on the lower end of the hollow shaft, and the connecting piece 1 is horizontally fixed on the top of the inner ring of the bearing , the two ends of the soft auger are fixedly connected to the center of the connecting piece 1 and the center of the connecting piece 2 respectively.

More preferably, the left and right inner sidewalls of the rectangular frame are provided with chutes along the length direction of the hull, and the sliding table includes an upper platform and a lower protrusion for fixing the winch, and the upper platform is fixed on the top of the lower protrusion, The width of the upper platform is wider than the width of the rectangular frame, the lower protrusion is embedded into the inner cavity of the rectangular frame, and both sides of the bottom of the lower protrusion extend outward to form strip sliders that slide and fit with the chute. The center of the sliding table is provided with a cavity that communicates with the rectangular frame and is used for passing the hoist wire rope.

More preferably, a sludge pool is also fixed on the sliding table, a filter screen is horizontally suspended inside the sludge pool, and the top of the sludge pool communicates with the outlet of the suction pump through a pipe.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The vegetation protection device of the hull drives the turret to rotate through the rotating drive device, so that the strip-shaped plants are curled up, and the area covered by the plant body is minimized, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting plants. The turret is connected by claws that can be grasped or loosened, so that the movement of the hull is not restricted by the vegetation protection device, which improves the effective range of the hull and can protect multiple vegetation at the same time. Does not affect the dredging efficiency and effect.

2. Adopt the method of sliding connection between the rectangular frame and the sliding table to control the large-scale position adjustment of the dredging device to improve the dredging efficiency. The small-scale precise positioning of the dredging device is controlled by the mechanical arm adjusted by the hoist, so that the conical bucket can avoid the vegetation at the bottom of the river and realize the protection of vegetation. The hollow shaft motor controls the soft auger to drive the conical bucket to rotate, and at the same time uses the wave plate to realize the mud scraping, so that the conical bucket can drill into the sludge more quickly, and the sludge can quickly enter the conical bucket, which improves the dredging efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of river and lake polluted sediment ecological dredging ship of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the vegetation protection device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sliding table and the rectangular frame in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the mechanical arm and the lower end of the delivery pipe in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the upper end of the delivery pipe and the hollow shaft motor in Fig. 1; in the figure: 1, the hull; 2, the controller; 3, the diving box; 4, the sealed bearing; 5, the rotating shaft; 6, the rotating motor; 7. Hollow cylinder; 8. Waterproof linear motor; 9. Jaw movable hole; 10. Ring connecting rod; 11. Trident connecting rod; 12. Pin shaft; 13. Claw; 14. Round block; 15. Triangle Card slot; 16, turret; 17, cylindrical airbag; 18, goad; 19, mechanical arm; 20, fixed frame one; 21, fixed frame two; 22, conveying pipe; , bearing two; 25, connecting piece one; 26, connecting piece two; 27, soft auger; 28, tapered bucket; 29, sludge through hole; 30, moving piece; 31, suction pump; 32, rectangular Frame; 33, chute; 34, sliding table; 35, winch; 36, geared motor; 37, rack; 38, sludge pool; 39, filter; 40, distance sensor; 41, camera; 42, fixed ring ; 43, flexible anti-collision strip; 44, permeable holes.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to facilitate a clear understanding of the present invention, but they do not limit the present invention.

In this embodiment, the model of the controller 2 is MSP430, and the control signal output terminal of the controller 2 is connected to the rotary motor 6, the waterproof linear motor 8, the mechanical arm 19, the hollow shaft motor 23, the suction pump 31, the winch 35, the distance The control signal input ends of the sensor 40 and the camera 41 are electrically connected, and the power output end of the controller 2 is connected to the rotating motor 6, the waterproof linear motor 8, the mechanical arm 19, the hollow shaft motor 23, the suction pump 31, the winch 35, and the distance The power input terminals of the sensor 40 and the camera 41 are electrically connected. The signal output end of the camera 41 is electrically connected with the signal input end of the controller 2 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , an ecological dredging ship for river and lake polluted sediment includes a hull 1 , a dredging device and a vegetation protection device. Wherein the dredging device mainly includes a conveying pipe 22, a tapered bucket 28 and a suction pump 31. The vegetation protection device mainly includes a rotary drive device, a connecting device and a turret 16 of the Yi type. A rectangular frame 32 is fixed on both sides of the hull 1 , and a sliding table 34 is provided on the rectangular frame 32 to slide and cooperate with the rectangular frame 32 along the length direction of the hull 1 .

As shown in Figure 2, the specific structure of the vegetation protection device is as follows:

The driving end of the rotary driving device is fixedly connected with the connecting device, and the connecting device is equipped with claws 13 for grasping or letting go of the turret 16, and the two ends of the turret 16 are provided with downward extensions for winding plants. Around the column. A cylindrical airbag 17 is sheathed around the post, the outer wall of the cylindrical airbag 17 is a corrugated surface, and a sharp stabbing rod 18 is provided at the bottom of the post. The connecting device includes a waterproof linear motor 8 fixedly connected to the driving end of the rotary drive device. The claw 13 is arranged around the connecting device with the claw tip facing downward. The driving end of the waterproof linear motor 8 is movably connected to the top of the claw 13. The claw 13 Under the drive of waterproof linear motor 8, grasp or unclamp the Yi type turret 16. The connection device also includes a hollow cylinder 7 , a three-fork connector 11 and an annular connecting rod 10 , the hollow cylinder 7 is hollow and opens downward, and the waterproof linear motor 8 is vertically arranged inside the hollow cylinder 7 . The rotary driving device comprises a diving box 3, a rotating motor 6, a rotating shaft 5 and a sealed bearing 4. The rotating motor 6 is fixed on the inner top wall of the diving box 3, and the driving end of the rotating motor 6 is coaxially fixed with the rotating shaft 5 arranged vertically. Connected, the bottom of the rotating shaft 5 passes through the diving box 3 and is rotationally connected with the diving box 3 through the sealed bearing 4. The bottom of the rotating shaft 5 passes through the hollow cylinder 7 and is fixed to the top of the waterproof linear motor 8. The trident connector 11 is horizontally fixed on the driving end of the waterproof linear motor 8. The three connecting ends of the trident connector 11 are respectively provided with pin shafts 12. The outer wall of the hollow cylinder 7 is evenly provided with three claw movable holes 9 along the circumference, and the claw movable holes 9 are elliptical holes, and the long axis direction of the elliptical holes is consistent with the vertical direction. One end of the annular connecting rod 10 is movably connected with the three-fork connector 11 through a pin 12 , and the other end is movably connected with the top of the claw 13 passing through the movable hole 9 of the claw. The top of the turret 16 is provided with a connecting shaft, the top of the connecting shaft is provided with a circular block 14, and the upper part of the connecting shaft is provided with three triangular locking grooves 15 matching with the claws 13 along the circumference.

The vegetation protection device drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate through the rotation of the rotating motor 6, and the rotating shaft 5 indirectly drives the turret 16 to rotate, and at the same time controls the position and wraps the plants, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting plants. The claw 13 is driven to rotate by the waterproof linear motor 8, thereby separating the turret 16 from the hollow cylinder 7, so as to protect the plants without delaying the work of mud cleaning.

As shown in Figure 3-5, a hoist 35 is fixed on the sliding table 34, and the vegetation protection device is hoisted on the hoist 35 through a steel cable. A mechanical arm 19 is fixed on the vegetation protection device, and the upper end of the delivery pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the sliding table 34. The lower end is fixedly connected with the movable end of the mechanical arm 19. The left and right inner walls of the rectangular frame 32 are provided with chutes 33 along the length direction of the hull 1. The sliding platform 34 includes an upper platform and a lower bump for fixing the winch 35. The upper platform is fixed on the top of the lower bump, and the width of the upper platform is wider than that of the rectangular frame 32. Width, the lower protrusion is embedded into the inner cavity of the rectangular frame 32, and the two sides of the bottom of the lower protrusion extend outward to form a strip slider that is slidably matched with the chute 33. The center of the sliding table 34 is connected with the rectangular frame 32 and used for supplying The cavity through which hoist 35 steel cables pass. The upper platform of slide table 34 is fixed with reduction motor 36 near the side of hull 1, and gear motor 36 output shaft ends are coaxially fixed with gear, and hull 1 is provided with rack 37 along length direction, and gear is connected with rack 37 transmissions.

The dredging device also includes a hollow shaft motor 23, a soft auger 27 and a bearing 24, and the hollow shaft motor 23 is arranged on the upper end of the conveying pipe 22 and is fixedly connected with the slide table 34 by the second bracket 21. The suction pump 31 is connected to the upper end of the delivery pipe 22 through the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor 23 . The soft auger 27 is arranged inside the conveying pipe 22 , and the tapered bucket 28 is rotatably connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe 22 through the bearing 24 . The hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor 23 extends into the conveying pipe, the connecting piece two 26 is horizontally fixed on the lower end of the hollow shaft, the connecting piece one 25 is horizontally fixed on the top of the inner ring of the bearing, and the two ends of the soft auger are connected with the center of the connecting piece one 25 respectively. It is fixedly connected with the center of connecting piece two 26. The outer wall of the tapered bucket 28 is provided with a mud hole 29, and the tapered bucket 28 is provided with an outwardly protruding toggle piece 30 at the mud hole 29. A camera 41 is arranged on the outer wall of the diving box 3 facing the conveying pipe 22 , and a distance sensor 40 is arranged at the bottom of the diving box 3 . The outer wall of the diving box 3 facing the side of the hull 1 is provided with a flexible anti-collision strip 43 . The diving box 3 outside wall that camera 41 is installed is connected with mechanical arm 19, and the movable end of mechanical arm 19 is connected with fixed mount-20, and the lower end of delivery pipe 22 is fixed on the movable end of mechanical arm 19 by fixed mount-20.

The desilting device drives one end of the tapered bucket 28 to perform precise positioning through the movement of the mechanical arm 19, so as to realize the purpose of accurately cleaning the silt. Through the rotation of the hollow shaft motor 23, the soft auger 27 and the conical bucket 28 rotate synchronously, combined with the action of the suction pump 31, the effect of driving the sludge to move upward through the conveying pipe 22 is achieved.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

Move the hull 1 and move the equipment to the designated cleaning area. When the approximate position is reached, the controller 2 controls the hoist 35 to rotate. The rotation of the hoist 35 directly drives the steel rope to release the diving box 3, and then passes the distance sensor 40 and the camera. The auxiliary function of 41 can make the submersible box 3 and the auxiliary device move the corresponding position accurately. After observing and analyzing the distribution of the plants, the vegetation protection device is moved to the center of the plants, and then the winch 35 is rotated and lowered to make the turret 16 Insert the plant, and the controller 2 controls the rotating motor 6 to rotate at the same time. The rotation of the rotating motor 6 directly drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 directly drives the hollow cylinder 7 to rotate. Due to the effect of the sealed bearing 4, the The rotation of the rotating shaft 5 is smoother, and the function of fixing the circular block 14 by the claw 13 can make the turret 16 rotate, curl up the plant, and keep it in the position of the rhizome, and then the winch 35 is released again, Insert the turret 16 into the bottom of the lake and fix it; at this time, the controller controls the extension of the waterproof linear motor 8, and the extension of the waterproof linear motor 8 directly drives the claw 13 to rotate, so that the lower end of the claw 13 moves out of the triangular clip. Groove 15 and release circular block 14, reach the effect that turret 16 and diving box 3 are separated, after cleaning, butt joint again and reverse rotation, release plant; Cylindrical airbag 17 can cushion the impact force of winding.

When the sludge needs to be cleaned, the controller 2 controls the reduction motor 36 to rotate. When the reduction motor 36 rotates, it indirectly drives the dredging device to move in a large range, and the rotation of the mechanical arm 19 directly drives the cone bucket 28 to move. While moving, control the suction pump 31 and the hollow shaft motor 23 to work simultaneously, the rotation of the hollow shaft motor 23 makes the soft auger 27 drive the tapered bucket 28 to rotate synchronously, and at the same time the work of the suction pump 31 is more conducive to Silt enters in the mud through hole 29, thereby is convenient to the cleaning of mud, because the effect of connecting piece one 25, connecting piece two 26 can make the rotation of soft auger 27 smoother, and mud passes through tapered bucket 28, conveying pipe 22, The hollow shaft motor 23 and the suction pump 31 reach the water surface, and flow into the sludge pool 38, after which the sludge pumped up by the filter screen 39 is preliminarily filtered.

When the equipment is not in use, the conveying pipe 22 can be placed on the upper surface of the fixed ring 42, so as to achieve the purpose of placement. The purpose of the toggle plate 30 can scrape the mud, and the permeable hole 44 can drain the lake water to In the diving box 3, thereby avoid producing buoyancy, and then influence work.

The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. a river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship, comprising hull (1) and dredging device, said dredging device comprising conveying pipe (22), tapered bucket (28) and suction pump (31), The upper end of the conveying pipe (22) is connected with the suction pump (31), and the lower end is connected with the conical bucket (28).匚-type turret (16), the two sides of the hull (1) are fixed with a rectangular frame (32), and the rectangular frame (32) is provided with a sliding fit with the rectangular frame (32) along the length direction of the hull (1). Sliding table (34), the winch (35) is fixed on the sliding table (34), the vegetation protection device is hoisted on the hoist (35) by a steel cable, and the mechanical arm (19) is fixed on the vegetation protection device , the upper end of the conveying pipe (22) is fixedly connected with the sliding table (34), the lower end is fixedly connected with the movable end of the mechanical arm (19), the driving end of the rotary drive device is fixedly connected with the connecting device, and the connecting device is installed There are claws (13) for grasping or letting go of the U-shaped turret (16), and the two ends of the U-shaped turret (16) are provided with winding posts extending downwards for winding plants. 2. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a geared motor (36), and the geared motor (36) is arranged on the sliding table (34) close to the hull (1) On one side, the end of the output shaft of the reduction motor (36) is coaxially fixed with a gear, and the hull (1) is provided with a rack (37) along the length direction, and the gear is connected to the rack (37). 3. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting device includes a waterproof linear motor (8) fixedly connected to the driving end of the rotary drive device, and the claw (13 ) is set around the connecting device with the claw tip facing downward, the driving end of the waterproof linear motor (8) is movably connected to the top of the claw (13), and the claw (13) is driven by the waterproof linear motor (8) Grasp or loosen the turret (16). 4. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 3, characterized in that: the connecting device also includes a hollow cylinder (7), a three-fork connector (11) and an annular connecting rod (10), the The hollow cylinder (7) is hollow inside and opens downward, the waterproof linear motor (8) is vertically arranged inside the hollow cylinder (7), and the driving end of the rotary driving device passes through the hollow cylinder (7 ) is fixed on the top of the waterproof linear motor (8), the trident connector (11) is horizontally fixed on the driving end of the waterproof linear motor (8), and the outer wall of the hollow cylinder (7) is provided with a claw movable hole (9) along the circumference, One end of the annular connecting rod (10) is movably connected with the trident connecting piece (11), and the other end is movably connected with the top of the claw (13) passing through the movable hole (9) of the claw. 5. river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotary driving device comprises submersible box (3), rotating motor (6), rotating shaft (5) and sealed bearing ( 4), the rotating motor (6) is fixed on the inner top wall of the diving box (3), the driving end of the rotating motor (6) is coaxially fixedly connected with the vertically arranged rotating shaft (5), and the rotating The bottom of the shaft (5) passes through the diving box (3) and is rotationally connected with the diving box (3) through a sealed bearing (4), and the mechanical arm (19) is fixed on the diving box (3) towards the delivery pipe (22) On the outer wall of the diving box (3), a camera (41) is provided on the outer wall of the diving box (3) for fixing the mechanical arm (19), and a distance sensor (40) is provided at the bottom of the diving box (3). 6. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: the column is sheathed with a cylindrical air bag (17), and the outer wall of the cylindrical air bag (17) is corrugated On the surface, the bottom of the column is provided with a lower sharp thorn rod (18). 7. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said dredging device also includes hollow shaft motor (23), soft auger (27) and bearing (24), so The hollow shaft motor (23) is arranged on the upper end of the delivery pipe (22) and is fixed to the slide table (34), and the suction pump (31) is connected to the upper end of the delivery pipe (22) through the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor (23) , the soft auger (27) is arranged inside the conveying pipe (22), and the tapered bucket (28) is rotationally connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe (22) through a bearing (24), and the soft auger (27) The upper end is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor (23), the lower end of the soft auger (27) is fixedly connected with the top of the tapered bucket (28), and the outer wall of the tapered bucket (28) is provided with a mud hole ( 29), the tapered bucket (28) is equipped with an outwardly protruding toggle piece (30) at the silt passage hole (29). 8. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: it also includes connecting piece one (25) and connecting piece two (26), the lower end of the hollow shaft extends into the conveying pipe, The connecting piece two (26) is horizontally fixed on the lower end of the hollow shaft, the connecting piece one (25) is horizontally fixed on the top of the inner ring of the bearing, and the two ends of the soft auger are respectively connected to the center of the connecting piece one (25) and The center of connecting piece two (26) is fixedly connected. 9. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left and right inner walls of the rectangular frame (32) are provided with chutes (33) along the length direction of the hull (1), and the The sliding table (34) comprises an upper platform and a lower projection for fixing the winch (35), the upper platform is fixed on the top of the lower projection, and the width of the upper platform is wider than the width of the rectangular frame (32), the The lower protrusion is embedded into the inner cavity of the rectangular frame (32), and the two sides of the bottom of the lower protrusion extend outward to form a bar-shaped slider that is slidably matched with the chute (33), and the center of the sliding table (34) A cavity communicated with the rectangular frame (32) and used for the passage of the hoist (35) cable is provided. 10. The river and lake polluted bottom mud ecological dredging ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sludge pond (38) is also fixed on the sliding platform (34), and the inside of the sludge pond (38) is horizontally suspended A filter screen (39) is provided, and the top of the sludge pool (38) communicates with the outlet of the suction pump (31) through a pipeline.