CN110435375B - Suspension damper device and damping method for heavy-duty commercial vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension damper device and a damping method. Three damper fixing blocks are evenly distributed around the inside of the lower part of the suspension damper bracket. The suspension damper includes three two ends. Open sleeves, the ends of adjacent sleeves are connected, the angle between adjacent sleeves is 60 degrees, the inside of each sleeve is connected by the base plate, and the middle part of the sleeve is divided into two equal parts by the partition plate A section, in which a sleeve rod, a metal rubber component, and a shock-absorbing spring are assembled sequentially from the inside to the outside. A return spring is provided between the inner end of the sleeve rod and the partition plate, and a push plate is installed at the outer end of the sleeve rod. The middle part of the outer end of the push plate It is hinged with the ball head at the inner end of the sub-push rod. The outer ends of the two sub-push rods with adjacent sleeves at the same end are hinged with the inner end of a main push rod. The outer end of the main push rod is hinged with the shock absorber fixed block on the same side. The base plate is installed on the balance beam through the connecting plate. This device greatly reduces the dead weight of the suspension system, saves installation space, has long fatigue life and high vibration reduction efficiency.

Description

Suspension damper device and damping method for heavy-duty commercial vehicles

Technical field

The invention relates to a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension damper device and a damping method.

Background technique

With the progress of society, people have put forward higher requirements for the load capacity and ride comfort of commercial vehicles. Since heavy-duty commercial vehicles often pass through areas with poor road conditions, the impact and vibration generated are large, which seriously affects the performance of the vehicle while driving. Therefore, vehicle suspension systems are often equipped with suspension damping devices.

The damping elements currently commonly used in heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension dampers include leaf springs, rubber springs and air springs. Among them, the leaf spring has heavy weight, severe friction between the sheets, which leads to loud noise, and its large longitudinal size leads to poor versatility. Rubber springs have low stiffness and poor ride comfort when no load is applied, and replacement costs are high. The internal structure of air springs is complex and costly. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative material and corresponding suspension damping device.

Contents of the invention

The invention proposes a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension damper device and a damping method.

The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension shock absorber device, which includes a suspension shock absorber bracket, a suspension shock absorber, a connecting plate, and a balance beam.

There are three shock absorber fixing blocks evenly distributed around the inside of the lower part of the suspension shock absorber bracket, and the angle between adjacent shock absorber fixing blocks is 120°;

The suspension shock absorber includes a shell, and the shell includes three sleeves with openings at both ends. The ends of adjacent sleeves are connected, and the angle between adjacent sleeves is 60 degrees. The inner sides of the three sleeves are connected through the base plate, and the middle part of the sleeve is divided into two equal intervals through partitions. Shock-absorbing elements are installed in the intervals. The shock-absorbing elements include sleeve rods, metal rubber, and metal rubber that are set in sequence from the inside to the outside. member, damping spring, a return spring is provided between the inner end of the sleeve rod and the partition plate, a push plate is installed at the outer end of the sleeve rod, the upper end of the metal rubber member and the damping spring is against the push plate, and the lower end is against the partition plate, and the push plate The middle part of the outer end is hinged with the ball head at the inner end of the sub-push rod. The outer ends of the two sub-push rods with adjacent sleeves at the same end are hinged with the inner end of a main push rod. The outer end of the main push rod is connected to the shock absorber fixed block on the same side. articulated;

The base plate is installed on the balance beam through the connecting plate.

Further, the base plate is an equilateral triangle plate body, and a sleeve is provided on each side of the base plate.

Further, the housing is composed of two completely symmetrical half-shells.

Further, the half shell includes a half base plate in the shape of an equilateral triangle. At least three inner bolt holes are evenly distributed in the middle of the half base plate. A half sleeve is provided on each side of the half base plate. The inner end of the half sleeve is connected to the half base plate. A connecting lug is provided in the middle of the outer end of the sleeve, and a number of outer bolt holes are provided on the connecting lug. A slot is provided in the middle of the arcuate end of the half-sleeve of one half-shell, and the arcuate end of the half-sleeve of the other half-shell is provided with a slot. The middle part is provided with a partition mated with the slot.

Further, two connecting plates are provided symmetrically in the front and rear, and the two connecting plates are located on the front and rear sides of the housing. The upper end of the connecting plate is locked with the shell through bolts passing through the inner bolt holes, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are locked in place with bolts. On the balance beam, after the two half-shells are spliced, the corresponding connecting ears are locked by bolts passing through the outer bolt holes.

A vibration reduction method of a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension shock absorber device:

When passing through a bump in the road, the vehicle is subject to horizontal and vertical impacts, with the vertical impact being the main impact. The wheels drive the balance beam to suddenly move upward, and the force is transmitted to the suspension shock absorber shell through the connecting plate. The shell generates an upward motion acceleration. The two groups of damping elements at the top are compressed, while the four groups of damping elements on both sides of the lower end are stretched. The six groups of damping elements all leave the equilibrium position and produce a downward movement. The combined force prevents the upward movement of the frame;

When the vehicle suddenly accelerates or brakes suddenly, the vehicle is mainly impacted in the horizontal direction. The body will move backward or forward due to the huge inertia of the vehicle. The balance beam will also drive the suspension shock absorber housing to move backward or forward. At this time, the two groups of shock absorbing elements on the right or left side of the bottom of the suspension shock absorber are squeezed, and the two groups of shock absorbing elements on the left or right side of the bottom are stretched, resulting in a resultant force opposite to the forward direction, which will inhibit Due to the backward or forward trend caused by inertia, and thus the impact and vibration, the top two push rods will deviate from the center position. Among them, the damping element on the right or left side of the top is pulled, and the damping element on the left or right side of the top is pulled. The damping element is compressed and generates a resultant force opposite to the forward direction, causing the suspension damper to return to the balanced position as quickly as possible;

When the vehicle becomes stable, the rod and sleeve as well as the return spring can quickly return the shock absorber to its original position and state so that it can better accept the next impact.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: simple structure, reasonable design, greatly reducing the weight of the suspension system, saving installation space, aging resistance, long fatigue life, and high vibration reduction efficiency.

Description of drawings

The patent of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of this device;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a suspension shock absorber.

In the picture: 1-suspension damper bracket; 101-damper fixed block; 2-suspension damper; 201-base plate; 202-sleeve; 203-connecting lug; 3-balance beam connecting plate; 4 - Balance beam; 5-main push rod; 6-sub push rod; 7-push plate; 8-metal rubber component; 9-damping spring; 10-set rod; 11-return spring.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1-2, a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension shock absorber device includes a suspension shock absorber bracket, a suspension shock absorber, a connecting plate, and a balance beam.

There are three shock absorber fixing blocks evenly distributed around the inside of the lower part of the suspension shock absorber bracket, and the angle between adjacent shock absorber fixing blocks is 120°;

The suspension shock absorber includes a shell, and the shell includes three sleeves with openings at both ends. The ends of adjacent sleeves are connected, and the angle between adjacent sleeves is 60 degrees. The inner sides of the three sleeves are connected through the base plate, and the middle part of the sleeve is divided into two equal intervals through partitions. Shock-absorbing elements are installed in the intervals. The shock-absorbing elements include sleeve rods, metal rubber, and metal rubber that are set in sequence from the inside to the outside. member, damping spring, a return spring is provided between the inner end of the sleeve rod and the partition plate, a push plate is installed at the outer end of the sleeve rod, the upper end of the metal rubber member and the damping spring is against the push plate, and the lower end is against the partition plate, and the push plate The middle part of the outer end is hinged with the ball head at the inner end of the push rod. The characteristic of the ball hinge is that the push rod can rotate arbitrarily in the space while ensuring the uniformity of force transmission. The adjacent sleeve is located outside the two push rods at the same end. The end of the push rod is hinged with the inner end of the same main push rod via a pin shaft to ensure that the sub push rod and the main push rod can rotate within a certain angle range. The outer end of the main push rod is hinged with the shock absorber fixed block on the same side;

The base plate is installed on the balance beam through a connecting plate, and the upper end of the connecting plate is connected to the geometric center of the suspension damper.

During use, select the dimensions and specifications of the main push rod, branch push rods, push plates, metal rubber components, and damping springs according to the tonnage of the vehicle and the intensity of impact vibration; when installing, give a certain preload force to the return spring to ensure Ensure that there is a certain distance between the upper edge of the sleeve and the base of the sleeve rod, and fix the suspension shock absorber bracket on the frame. Due to the influence of its own gravity, the suspension shock absorber will move downward for a small distance; when subjected to When the road hits the road, the vibration generated will form component vibrations along the three sides of the suspension damper. During driving, when a vehicle passes through an uneven road surface, it is subject to impact vibrations in both horizontal and vertical directions; when a vehicle suddenly accelerates or brakes suddenly, it is mainly subject to vibrations in the horizontal direction. But no matter which direction the shock and vibration is received, the damping elements in the three directions of the suspension shock absorber always act at the same time and complement each other.

In this embodiment, the outer wall of the push plate is transitionally matched with the inner wall of the sleeve. The push plate and the outer end of the sleeve rod are connected through threads. The inner end of the sleeve rod is inside the sleeve and is transitionally matched with the inner wall of the sleeve. The sleeve is used for Limit the axial displacement of the sleeve rod when it is under tension. The inner wall of the sleeve matches the outer wall of the metal rubber component with a clearance. The outer diameter of the metal rubber component matches the inner diameter of the damping spring. The damping spring is used to increase the elasticity of the metal rubber component. stiffness,

In this embodiment, the base plate is an equilateral triangle plate, and a sleeve is provided on each side of the base plate.

In this embodiment, the housing is composed of two completely symmetrical half-shells.

In this embodiment, the half shell includes a half base plate in the shape of an equilateral triangle. At least three inner bolt holes are evenly distributed in the middle of the half base plate. A half sleeve is provided on each side of the half base plate. The inner end of the half sleeve is connected to the half base plate. The base plate and the half-sleeve are provided with connecting lugs in the middle of the outer end, and a number of outer bolt holes are provided on the connecting lugs. A slot is provided in the middle of the curved end of the half-sleeve of one half-shell, and the half-sleeve of the other half-shell is provided with a slot. The middle part of the curved end is provided with a partition that is mated with the slot.

In this embodiment, two connecting plates are provided symmetrically in the front and rear. The two connecting plates are located on the front and rear sides of the housing. The upper end of the connecting plate is locked with the housing through bolts that pass through the inner bolt holes. The upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are connected through bolts. It is locked on the balance beam. After the two half-shells are spliced, the corresponding connecting ears are locked by bolts passing through the outer bolt holes.

A vibration reduction method of a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension shock absorber device:

When passing through a bump in the road, the vehicle is subject to horizontal and vertical impacts, with the vertical impact being the main impact. The wheels drive the balance beam to suddenly move upward, and the force is transmitted to the suspension shock absorber shell through the connecting plate. The shell generates an upward motion acceleration. The two groups of damping elements at the top are compressed, while the four groups of damping elements on both sides of the lower end are stretched. The six groups of damping elements all leave the equilibrium position and produce a downward movement. The combined force prevents the upward movement of the frame;

When the vehicle suddenly accelerates or brakes suddenly, the vehicle is mainly impacted in the horizontal direction. The body will move backward or forward due to the huge inertia of the vehicle. The balance beam will also drive the suspension shock absorber housing to move backward or forward. At this time, the two groups of shock absorbing elements on the right or left side of the bottom of the suspension shock absorber are squeezed, and the two groups of shock absorbing elements on the left or right side of the bottom are stretched, resulting in a resultant force opposite to the forward direction, which will inhibit Due to the backward or forward trend caused by inertia, and thus the impact and vibration, the top two push rods will deviate from the center position. Among them, the damping element on the right or left side of the top is pulled, and the damping element on the left or right side of the top is pulled. The damping elements are compressed, producing a resultant force opposite to the forward direction, which returns the suspension damper to the equilibrium position as soon as possible. At this time, the damping elements on the left and right sides of the bottom play the main role of damping and anti-impact, while the damping elements on the top play a major role in damping and anti-impact. The vibration element plays an auxiliary anti-deflection role;

When the vehicle becomes stable, the rod and sleeve as well as the return spring can quickly return the shock absorber to its original position and state so that it can better accept the next impact.

Compared with the suspension damping device of traditional heavy-duty commercial vehicles, this design greatly reduces the weight of the suspension system due to the application of metal rubber components, saves installation space, and also inherits the aging resistance of metal rubber materials. The long fatigue life greatly saves maintenance and repair costs.

There are six groups of damping elements in this design. Each group includes a metal rubber component and a damping spring. The two are in a parallel relationship and jointly exert a damping effect. The metal rubber component is a variable stiffness component that can meet the vibration reduction needs of various working conditions. At the same time, the return spring also plays a role in vibration reduction to a certain extent. When subjected to impact, six groups of damping elements can always act at the same time, greatly improving the damping efficiency.

This design can be used for vibration reduction of the rear suspension of heavy-duty commercial vehicles such as 6x4 and 8x4.

The above preferred embodiments further describe the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension shock absorber device, characterized in that: it includes a suspension shock absorber bracket, a suspension shock absorber, a connecting plate, and a balance beam, and is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the suspension shock absorber bracket. There are three shock absorber fixed blocks evenly distributed around the circumference, and the angle between adjacent shock absorber fixed blocks is 120°; the suspension shock absorber includes a shell, and the shell includes three open ends. Sleeves, the ends of adjacent sleeves are connected, the angle between adjacent sleeves is 60 degrees, the inner sides of the three sleeves are connected through the base plate, and the middle part of the sleeve is divided into two equal parts through the partition plate Interval, a shock-absorbing element is installed in the interval. The shock-absorbing element includes a sleeve rod, a metal rubber component, and a shock-absorbing spring that are assembled sequentially from the inside to the outside. A return spring is provided between the inner end of the sleeve rod and the partition. The sleeve rod A push plate is installed at the outer end. The upper end of the metal rubber component and the damping spring is against the push plate, and the lower end is against the partition. The middle part of the outer end of the push plate is hinged with the ball head at the inner end of the push rod. Two adjacent sleeves are located at the same end. The outer end of the branch push rod is hinged to the inner end of a main push rod, and the outer end of the main push rod is hinged to the shock absorber fixed block on the same side; the base plate is installed on the balance beam through the connecting plate; the base plate is an equilateral triangle Plate body, each side of the base plate is provided with a sleeve; the shell is composed of two completely symmetrical half-shells; the half-shell includes a half-base plate in the shape of an equilateral triangle, and at least three half-base plates are evenly distributed in the middle of the circumference. In the inner bolt hole, a half sleeve is provided on each side of the half base plate. The inner end of the half sleeve is connected to the half base plate. There is a connecting lug in the middle of the outer end of the half sleeve. There are a number of outer bolt holes on the connecting lug. One of the half shells The middle part of the arcuate end of the half sleeve of the body is provided with a slot, and the middle part of the arcuate end of the half sleeve of the other half shell is provided with a partition that is mated with the slot; the connecting plates are symmetrically provided with two front and rear, and two Two connecting plates are located on the front and rear sides of the shell. The upper end of the connecting plate is locked with the shell through bolts passing through the inner bolt holes. The upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are locked on the balance beam through bolts. After the two half-shells are spliced, the corresponding connections are The ear meridian is inserted into the outer bolt hole for bolt locking. 2. A vibration reduction method of a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension shock absorber device, using the heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension shock absorber device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When passing through a bump in the road, the vehicle is subject to horizontal and vertical impacts, with the vertical impact being the main impact. The wheels drive the balance beam to suddenly move upward, and the force is transmitted to the suspension shock absorber shell through the connecting plate. The shell generates an upward motion acceleration. The two groups of damping elements at the top are compressed, while the four groups of damping elements on both sides of the lower end are stretched. The six groups of damping elements all leave the equilibrium position and produce a downward movement. The combined force prevents the upward movement of the frame; When the vehicle suddenly accelerates or brakes suddenly, the vehicle is mainly impacted in the horizontal direction. The body will move backward or forward due to the huge inertia of the vehicle. The balance beam will also drive the suspension shock absorber housing to move backward or forward. At this time, the two groups of shock absorbing elements on the right or left side of the bottom of the suspension shock absorber are squeezed, and the two groups of shock absorbing elements on the left or right side of the bottom are stretched, resulting in a resultant force opposite to the forward direction, which will inhibit Due to the backward or forward trend generated by inertia, and thus impact and vibration, the top two pushrods will deviate from the center position. Among them, the damping element on the right or left side of the top is pulled, and the damping element on the left or right side of the top is under tension. The damping element is compressed and generates a resultant force opposite to the forward direction, causing the suspension damper to return to the balanced position as quickly as possible; When the vehicle becomes stable, the rod and sleeve as well as the return spring can quickly return the shock absorber to its original position and state so that it can better accept the next impact.