CN110432050A - A kind of device heating 2 DEG C suitable for desert steppe - Google Patents
A kind of device heating 2 DEG C suitable for desert steppe Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000667086 Stipa breviflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G15/00—Devices or methods for influencing weather conditions
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于荒漠草原增温2℃的装置，其罩设在荒漠草原上，采用六边形开顶式生长室，该六边形开顶式生长室由若干有机玻璃搭建而成，顶部设计为斜45度角收口，其主体上开设有用于人员进出的有机玻璃，其主体的下方侧面安装有一组通气扇。所述六边形开顶式生长室的单边边长为1.5m，高度为2.3m，基底部面积为5.85m2。本发明不需要电加热，可长久使用，增温效果好。
The invention discloses a device suitable for increasing the temperature of desert grassland by 2°C. It is covered on the desert grassland and adopts a hexagonal open-top growth chamber. The hexagonal open-top growth chamber is constructed of several organic glasses. The top is designed to close at an angle of 45 degrees. The main body is provided with plexiglass for personnel to enter and exit. A group of ventilation fans are installed on the lower side of the main body. The length of one side of the hexagonal open-top growth chamber is 1.5 m, the height is 2.3 m, and the base area is 5.85 m 2 . The invention does not need electric heating, can be used for a long time, and has good warming effect.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种模拟增温试验装置，具体涉及一种适用于荒漠草原增温2℃的装置。The invention relates to a simulated temperature increase test device, in particular to a device suitable for increasing the temperature of desert grassland by 2°C.
背景技术Background technique
作为最关键的非生物因素之一，气候很大程度上决定着植物物种分布以及植被类型。植物的生长及生理生态特征受到温度变化影响与调控，气候变暖必然会很大程度上影响生物个体生长、种群分布以及生态系统进化。截止到20世纪末，全球地表平均温度上升1.5～2.0℃。同时，模型预测表明，2016～2035年全球平均地表温度将升高0.3～0.7℃，2018～2100年将升高0.3～4.8℃，并且北半球高纬度和高海拔地区温度升幅更大。全球范围内的气候变暖正在改变着陆地生态系统的结构与功能，因而备受世界各国政府和科学家们的普遍关注。As one of the most critical abiotic factors, climate largely determines the distribution of plant species and vegetation types. The growth and physiological and ecological characteristics of plants are affected and regulated by temperature changes, and climate warming will inevitably affect the growth of individual organisms, population distribution and ecosystem evolution to a large extent. By the end of the 20th century, the global average surface temperature has risen by 1.5-2.0°C. At the same time, the model forecast shows that the global average surface temperature will increase by 0.3-0.7°C from 2016 to 2035, and by 0.3-4.8°C from 2018 to 2100, and the temperature increase in high latitudes and high altitudes in the northern hemisphere will be even greater. Global warming is changing the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, so it has attracted widespread attention from governments and scientists around the world.
野外自然条件下开展的模拟增温试验是研究气候变暖与陆地生态系统关系的主要方法之一。现阶段模拟全球气候变化的增温装置基本采取远红外电加热方式实现增温，增温效果不明显。The simulated warming experiment carried out under natural conditions in the field is one of the main methods to study the relationship between climate warming and terrestrial ecosystems. At present, the warming devices for simulating global climate change basically use far-infrared electric heating to achieve warming, and the warming effect is not obvious.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种适用于荒漠草原增温2℃的装置。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device suitable for increasing the temperature of desert grassland by 2°C.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种适用于荒漠草原增温2℃的装置，其罩设在荒漠草原上，采用六边形开顶式生长室，该六边形开顶式生长室由若干有机玻璃搭建而成，顶部设计为斜45度角收口，其主体上开设有用于人员进出的有机玻璃门。A device suitable for increasing the temperature of the desert grassland by 2°C. It is covered on the desert grassland and adopts a hexagonal open-top growth chamber. The hexagonal open-top growth chamber is constructed of several plexiglass. It is closed at an angle of 45 degrees, and its main body is provided with a plexiglass door for personnel to enter and exit.
进一步地，所述六边形开顶式生长室的单边边长为1.5m，高度为2.3m，基底部面积为5.85m2。Further, the length of one side of the hexagonal open-top growth chamber is 1.5m, the height is 2.3m, and the base area is 5.85m 2 .
进一步地，所述有机玻璃的厚度约为8mm，透光率为90％以上。Further, the thickness of the organic glass is about 8mm, and the light transmittance is above 90%.
进一步地，所述六边形开顶式生长室的下方侧面安装有一组通气扇。Further, a set of ventilation fans is installed on the lower side of the hexagonal open-top growth chamber.
进一步地，所述六边形开顶式生长室的下端设置有一呈六边形框的混凝土底座，所述六边形开顶式生长室搭建在该混凝土底座上方。Further, the lower end of the hexagonal open-top growth chamber is provided with a concrete base in the form of a hexagonal frame, and the hexagonal open-top growth chamber is built on the concrete base.
本发明具有以下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
不需要电加热，可长久使用，增温效果好。No electric heating is required, it can be used for a long time, and the heating effect is good.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例一种适用于荒漠草原增温2℃的装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device suitable for increasing the temperature of a desert steppe by 2°C according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明实施例的OTC外温度图(2015年4月-9月)。Fig. 2 is the OTC external temperature figure (April-September, 2015) of the embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明实施例的OTC内温度图(2015年4月-9月)。Fig. 3 is the temperature map (April-September 2015) in the OTC of the embodiment of the present invention.
图4为2015年土壤含水量变化。Figure 4 shows the changes in soil water content in 2015.
图5为2015年土壤温度变化Figure 5 shows the changes in soil temperature in 2015
图6为不同土层全C含量示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of total C content in different soil layers.
图7为不同土层全N含量示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of total N content in different soil layers.
图8为温度和水分处理对土壤全N含量的影响。Figure 8 shows the effects of temperature and moisture treatments on soil total N content.
图9为温度和水分处理对土壤有机质的影响。Figure 9 shows the effects of temperature and moisture treatments on soil organic matter.
图10为温度和水分处理对土壤全磷含量的影响。Figure 10 shows the effects of temperature and moisture treatments on soil total phosphorus content.
图11为温度和水分处理对土壤PH值的影响。Figure 11 shows the effects of temperature and moisture treatments on soil pH.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种适用于荒漠草原增温2℃的装置，其罩设在荒漠草原上，采用六边形开顶式生长室1，该六边形开顶式生长室由若干有机玻璃搭建而成，顶部设计为斜45度角收口，其主体上开设有用于人员进出的有机玻璃门2，其主体的下方侧面安装有一组通气扇3，一组通气扇3对称安装，所述六边形开顶式生长室的下端设置有一呈六边形框的混凝土底座，所述六边形开顶式生长室搭建在该混凝土底座4上方，所述六边形开顶式生长室的单边边长为1.5m，高度为2.3m，基底部面积为5.85m2，所述有机玻璃的厚度约为8mm，透光率为90％以上。As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a device suitable for increasing the temperature of desert grassland by 2°C. It is covered on the desert grassland and adopts a hexagonal open-top growth chamber 1. The growth chamber is made of several plexiglass, the top is designed to close at an angle of 45 degrees, the main body is provided with a plexiglass door 2 for personnel to enter and exit, and a group of ventilation fans 3 are installed on the lower side of the main body. 3 Symmetrically installed, the lower end of the hexagonal open-top growth chamber is provided with a concrete base in a hexagonal frame, the hexagonal open-top growth chamber is built above the concrete base 4, the hexagonal The length of one side of the open-top growth chamber is 1.5m, the height is 2.3m, the area of the base is 5.85m2, the thickness of the organic glass is about 8mm, and the light transmittance is above 90%.
实验例Experimental example
(一)样地设置：(1) Plot setting:
2014年8月在荒漠草原试验区挑选了40m×60m的短花针茅植物群落进行了围封，所选地段植物群落分布均匀，土壤质地均一，围封前此地处于半放牧状态，偶有牲畜采食。于2014年九月对围封样地进行了植物群落的本底调查工作。增温处理从2014年12月开始。在样地里面设立了36个1.5m×1.5m的固定样方，其中4个为OTC样方。In August 2014, a 40m×60m Stipa breviflora plant community was selected and enclosed in the desert grassland test area. The plant community in the selected area was evenly distributed and the soil texture was uniform. Before the enclosure, the area was in a semi-grazing state, and there were occasional livestock feed. In September 2014, a background survey of the plant community was carried out on the enclosed sample plot. Warming treatment started in December 2014. In the plot, 36 fixed quadrats of 1.5m×1.5m were established, 4 of which were OTC quadrats.
(二)环境因子的测定：(2) Determination of environmental factors:
在OTC内部和外部安置空气温湿度检测仪(HOBO Pro v2Temp/RH，Onset ComputerCorpo-ration，Bourne，USA)，观测频率为2h，全天24h连续观测。空气温湿度的测定是在距地表50cm处。土壤温湿度的检测在植物生长季内，平均每周测定一次。采用土壤水分测定仪器(TDR)，测定地面-10cm土层的土壤含水量，土壤温度由针式温度测定仪测定。如图2-图3所示，为本发明的OTC外温度与OTC内温度的对比(2015年4月-9月)。Air temperature and humidity detectors (HOBO Pro v2Temp/RH, Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, USA) were installed inside and outside the OTC, and the observation frequency was 2 hours, and the observation was continuous 24 hours a day. The measurement of air temperature and humidity is at a distance of 50cm from the ground surface. The detection of soil temperature and humidity is carried out once a week on average during the plant growing season. The soil water content in the -10cm soil layer on the ground was measured by a soil moisture measuring instrument (TDR), and the soil temperature was measured by a needle temperature measuring instrument. As shown in Figure 2-Figure 3, it is the comparison between the OTC external temperature and the OTC internal temperature of the present invention (April-September 2015).
(三)土壤取样和养分测定(3) Soil sampling and nutrient determination
植物生长末期(取样时间：每年9月20日)，在36个处理样地分别用土钻按0-10cm、10-20cm、20-30cm三层取土壤样品。每个处理样地取3个点，土样混合，室内风干、过筛(2mm)后测定土壤中的全碳和全氮含量。不同处理土壤温度和土壤含水量变化分析At the end of plant growth (sampling time: September 20 every year), soil samples were taken in three layers of 0-10cm, 10-20cm, and 20-30cm in 36 treatment plots. Take 3 points for each treatment plot, mix the soil samples, air-dry indoors, and measure the total carbon and total nitrogen content in the soil after sieving (2mm). Analysis of changes in soil temperature and soil water content under different treatments
T2处理(增温2-4℃)土壤温度明显高于对照(CK)和T1处理(增温1-2℃)。土壤含水量在降水少的情况下(8月份)，随着温度的增高而降低，T2处理(增温2-4℃)土壤含水量明显低于对照(CK)和T1处理(增温1-2℃)；在2015年9月份降水明显增多的情况下，数据显示，T2处理(增温2-4℃)土壤含水量明显高于对照(CK)和T1处理(增温1-2℃)。The soil temperature of T2 treatment (warming 2-4℃) was significantly higher than that of control (CK) and T1 treatment (warming 1-2℃). The soil water content decreased with the increase of temperature in the case of less precipitation (August), and the soil water content of T2 treatment (warming 2-4℃) was significantly lower than that of control (CK) and T1 treatment (warming 1- 2°C); when the precipitation increased significantly in September 2015, the data showed that the soil moisture content of T2 treatment (warming 2-4°C) was significantly higher than that of the control (CK) and T1 treatment (warming 1-2°C) .
不同处理土壤养分含量分析Analysis of soil nutrient content in different treatments
温度和水分处理对土壤有机质和全N含量影响较小，没有显著影响(2015年7月份)。The temperature and moisture treatments had little effect on soil organic matter and total N content, but had no significant effect (July 2015).
温度和水分处理对土壤有机质和全N含量、全磷含量及PH值影响较小，没有显著影响(2016年7月份)。The temperature and water treatments have little effect on soil organic matter, total N content, total phosphorus content and pH value (July 2016).
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.
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