CN110429993A - A kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration method and calibration system - Google Patents
A kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration method and calibration system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration method and calibration systems, form calibrating sequence this method comprises: being shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle；Each antenna transmission channel gradually sends training sequence to each receiving channel of calibration antenna respectively according to scheduled timing；Each receiving channel of antenna is calibrated according to corresponding scheduled timing successively received training sequence；Linear transverse calibrator calculates according to the received training sequence of calibration each receiving channel of antenna and carries out lateral filter calibration to each transmitting antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel；It calibrates antenna transmission channel and sends training sequence to each antenna receiving channel respectively；Each antenna receiving channel while received training sequence；Linear transverse calibrator calculates according to the received training sequence of each antenna receiving channel and carries out lateral filter calibration to each receiving antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna receiving channel, can complete the group delay distortion calibration of broadband signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital processing field more particularly to a kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration method and calibration systems
System.
Background technique
Smart antenna is the key technology of 3G/4G/5G mobile communication system.Pass through the wave beam forming skill based on smart antenna
Art restrained effectively multi-user interference, increase power system capacity.In actual intelligent antenna system, there are various time-varying
Error, such as radio-frequency channel is distorted with environmental change, device aging, amplitude-frequency phase-frequency characteristic, the phase and increasing of I/Q imbalance introducing
Beneficial difference.These time-varying errors will lead to the variation of beam shape and power control accuracy, to reduce power system capacity, influence system
System performance, so it is necessary to carrying out on-line calibration to smart antenna.
In the prior art, typical intelligent antenna calibration technology is hardware corridor estimation method, i.e., by solving unit CIR
The weight of each carrier antenna is obtained, the difference under each carrier wave between each antenna is compensated using this weight.
For example, in patent application " method that a kind of pair of smart antenna systems carry out real time calibration " (application No. is CN02158623.3)
When being calibrated to the receiving channel of carrier antenna, using a transmission channel transmitting, all receiving channels while received side
Formula；When being calibrated to transmission channel, mostly uses all transmission channels while emitting, a received mode of receiving channel.By
The signal of multiple transmission channel transmittings, the signal that each transmission channel is emitted are received simultaneously in the calibration receiving channel of transmitting calibration
Between influence each other, so the accuracy for calculating the weight of resulting each carrier antenna is reduced, so as to cause intelligent day
Line calibration accuracy is lower.
And existing technology can only be directed to one, a channel plural number, can only correct amplitude and phase, can not correct width
The influence of uneven and group delay and the possible multi-path influence of broadband signal in frequency signal passband.Such as in the prior art,
CIRkFor a plural number, kth link (B is containedk→Ac) amplitude and phase response information,K=
1 ... N, CIR'kIt is also a plural number, contains kth item transmitting link (Bk→Ak) amplitude and phase response information.
Fig. 1 shows a typical time division duplexs (TDD, Time Division Duplexing) with smart antenna
The principle structure block diagram of the wireless base station of CDMA, it includes N number of identical antenna element, N feed cable, N number of penetrates
Frequency transceiver A1, A2 ... AN and corresponding baseband processor, wherein RF transceiver uses identical local oscillator.For reality
It now calibrates, further includes the calibration link C of feed cable and calibration transceiver composition on the basis of this structure.
When transmitting calibration, the data of fixed size are sent by each transmitting unit A1, A2 ... AN respectively, calibration antenna carries out
It receives, A available in this wayiTo AcBetween penalty coefficientWhen receiving calibration, the number of fixed size is sent by calibration unit
According to each receiving antenna is received respectively, A available in this waycTo AiBetween penalty coefficient
When the single-carrier signal bandwidth of system is larger (more than 10MHZ), the calibration of hardware corridor cannot be only at this time
One tap calibration factor, and have be similar to radio hardware channel characteristic, multiple taps, in time have randomness and when
Denaturation has frequency selectivity in frequency, and this requires to allow for tracking communication hardware in real time logical for calibrating installation at this time
The time-varying characteristics in road, and this calibrating installation is also known as adaptive wideband calibrating installation.Adaptive calibration device is directly from transmission
Actual digital signal according to the continuous regulation coefficient of certain algorithm, adapt to the random variation of hardware corridor, make calibrating installation
It is always to maintain optimal working condition, thus has better distortion compensation performance.
Adaptive calibration device generally comprises two kinds of operating modes, i.e. training mode and tracing mode.Firstly, transmitter is sent out
The training sequence of a known fixed length is penetrated, so that the calibrating installation at receiver can be correctly arranged.Typical training sequence
Column are a binary pseudo-random sequence signal or a string of preassigned data bit, and after training sequence are to want
The user data of transmission.Calibrating installation at receiver will assess hardware corridor characteristic by recursive algorithm, and correct filter
Wave system number is to make compensation to hardware corridor.In project training sequence, it is desirable that accomplish even if in worst hardware corridor condition
Under, calibrating installation also can obtain correct filter factor by this training sequence.Thus can after receiving training sequence,
So that the filter factor of calibrating installation is already close to optimum value；Secondly when receiving data, the adaptive algorithm of calibrating installation
Continually changing hardware corridor can be tracked, adaptive calibration device will constantly change its filtering characteristic.
In order to effectively eliminate intersymbol interference, calibrating installation needs periodically to do repetition training.In digital communication department
User data is divided into several segments and is placed in the corresponding period and transmits in system, whenever receiving the new period, calibrates
Device will be modified with same training sequence.Calibrating installation is generally placed upon the base band of receiver or intermediate-frequency section is realized, base
Complex expression with envelope can describe bandpass signal waveform, so hardware corridor response, demodulated signal and adaptive algorithm
It usually can and realization simulated in baseband portion.
Therefore it provides a kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration method and calibration system.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, it proposes on the present invention overcomes the above problem or at least be partially solved in order to provide one kind
State the wideband single carrier antenna calibration method and calibration system of problem.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration method is provided, including training sequence generates
Step, antenna transmission channel calibration factor obtaining step, antenna transmitting signal calibration step, antenna receiving channel calibration factor obtain
Step and antenna is taken to receive signal calibration step, wherein
Training sequence generation step includes:
It is shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle and forms calibrating sequence,
Antenna transmission channel calibration factor obtaining step includes:
Each antenna transmission channel gradually sends training sequence to each receiving channel of calibration antenna respectively according to scheduled timing；
Each receiving channel of antenna is calibrated according to corresponding scheduled timing successively received training sequence；
Linear transverse calibrator calculates according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna and stores each antenna
The calibration factor of transmission channel,
Antenna emits signal calibration step
Linear transverse calibrator carries out each transmitting antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel horizontal
To filter calibration,
Antenna receives signal calibration step
It calibrates antenna transmission channel and sends training sequence to each antenna receiving channel respectively；
Each antenna receiving channel while received training sequence；
Linear transverse calibrator calculates according to each received training sequence of antenna receiving channel and stores each antenna and connects
The calibration factor in channel is received,
Antenna receives signal calibration step
Linear transverse calibrator carries out each receiving antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna receiving channel horizontal
To filter calibration.
Further, it is shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle and forms calibrating sequence, be implemented as follows:
Choose the binary sequence m that length is PPAs basic calibrating sequence, mP=(m1,m2,...,mP), wherein P=
Win*N, N are the numbers of work antenna element, and win is that the window of each of the links channel estimation is long；
To basic calibrating sequence mPPhase equalization is carried out, the complex vector of calibrating sequence is generatedm P,m P=(m 1,m 2,...,m P), whereinm PInm iBy mPIn miIt gets:m i=(j)i-1·mi, square root that i=1 ..., P, j are -1；
To the complex vector of calibrating sequencem PIt is periodically extended, obtains a new periodical complex vectorm,
By periodical complex vectormThe calibrating sequence vector of each antenna element is obtained,
K=1 ... N, wherein periodical complex vectormInI=1 ..., P, k=1 ..., N；
Total calibrating sequence is obtained by the calibrating sequence vector of each antenna element, the length Lall=P+ of total calibrating sequence
(N-1)*win。
Further, win=P+p1
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and win is the window length of each of the links channel estimation, p1
It is poor that the length of=1,2 ..., p1 meet the maximum delay being greater than between different antennae.
Further,
P=2^K
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and K is positive integer.
Further, linear transverse calibrator passes through following public affairs according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna
Formula calculates and stores the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel:
E (17)=d (n)-wT(n)x(n)
Wherein, e (n) is error output sequence, and d (n) is desired signal, wT(n) transposition for being matrix w (n), w (n) are
Linear transverse calibrator coefficient vector solves the solution w (n) when e (n) minimum by LMS algorithm.
Further,
Linear transverse calibrator is by following formula according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel to each transmitting day
Line signal carries out lateral filter calibration:
Wherein, y (n) is linear transverse calibrator output signal, wiIt (n) is linear transverse calibrator coefficient vector, x (n-
It i) is linear transverse calibrator input signal.
Further, different antennae unit uses the same calibrating sequence.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration system is provided, comprising:
Training sequence generating means form calibrating sequence for being shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle；
Each antenna transmission channel is respectively used to gradually send to each receiving channel of calibration antenna respectively according to scheduled timing
Training sequence；
Each receiving channel of antenna is calibrated, is respectively used to according to corresponding scheduled timing successively received training sequence；
Antenna transmission channel is calibrated, is respectively used to send training sequence to each antenna receiving channel；
Each antenna receiving channel, for received training sequence simultaneously；
Linear transverse calibrator, for calculating and storing each according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna
The calibration factor of antenna transmission channel carries out each transmitting antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel horizontal
To filter calibration, is calculated according to each received training sequence of antenna receiving channel and store the calibration of each antenna receiving channel
Coefficient carries out lateral filter calibration to each receiving antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna receiving channel.
Further, in training sequence generating means,
Win=P+p1
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and win is the window length of each of the links channel estimation, p1
It is poor that the length of=1,2 ..., p1 meet the maximum delay being greater than between different antennae.
Further, in training sequence generating means,
P=2^K
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and K is positive integer.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art
Wideband single carrier antenna calibration method of the invention and calibration system are logical as calibration using linear transverse calibrator
Road carries out multiple antennas calibration, can complete the group delay distortion calibration of broadband signal, to adapt to the channel calibration of broadband signal.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the principle structure frame of the wireless base station of a typical time-division duplex with smart antenna
Figure；
Fig. 2 is wideband single carrier antenna calibration method block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the fundamental block diagram of linear transverse calibrator of the invention；
Fig. 4 (a) is the training sequence that each antenna calibration sequence length P of the invention is greater than the long win of sequence window sent；
Fig. 4 (b) is the training sequence that each antenna calibration sequence length P of the invention is greater than the long win of sequence window sent；
Fig. 4 (c) is the training sequence that each antenna calibration sequence length P of the invention is greater than the long win of sequence window sent；
Fig. 5 is antenna transmitting signal calibration step specific implementation process schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is that antenna of the invention receives signal calibration step specific implementation process schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is wideband single carrier antenna calibration system block diagram of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the convolution results figure of inventive antenna calibration factor and hardware corridor；
Fig. 9 is that whether there is or not the signal constellation (in digital modulation) figure comparison diagrams of antenna output when calibration for present invention emulation.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in attached drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
It is limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
It is fully disclosed to those skilled in the art.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singular " one " used herein, " one
It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that being arranged used in specification of the invention
Diction " comprising " refer to that there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or addition
Other one or more features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or their group.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific term), there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, it should be understood that have in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning, and unless otherwise will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning by specific definitions.
Fig. 2 is wideband single carrier antenna calibration method block diagram of the invention, referring to fig. 2, wideband single carrier of the invention
Antenna calibration method, including training sequence generation step, antenna transmission channel calibration factor obtaining step, antenna emit signal school
Quasi- step, antenna receiving channel calibration factor obtaining step and antenna receive signal calibration step, wherein
Training sequence generation step includes:
S1 is shifted by loop cycle by basic calibrating sequence and is formed calibrating sequence.
Herein, selection has the basic calibrating sequence of good anti-white noise characteristic, and the length of basic calibrating sequence is win*
N, wherein N is the number of work antenna element, and win is that the window of each of the links channel estimation is long.When doing transmitting and receiving calibration
The length of calibrating sequence is win*N+ win-1.Calibrating sequence is shifted by loop cycle by basic calibrating sequence and is formed.Herein
Under kind of algorithm, win is an only related number (very little) with each antenna element hardware time delay inconsistency, therefore the present invention
The method calibration duration of use is short, and in certain duration-limited systems of calibration, N can take biggish value,
System can have bigger antenna gain.
Antenna transmission channel calibration factor obtaining step includes:
S21, each antenna transmission channel gradually send training to each receiving channel of calibration antenna respectively according to scheduled timing
Sequence；
S22, calibration each receiving channel of antenna is according to corresponding scheduled timing successively received training sequence；
S23, linear transverse calibrator are calculated and are stored each according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna
The calibration factor of antenna transmission channel,
Antenna emits signal calibration step
S3, linear transverse calibrator carry out each transmitting antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel
Lateral filter calibration,
Antenna receives signal calibration step
S41, calibration antenna transmission channel send training sequence to each antenna receiving channel respectively；
S42, each antenna receiving channel while received training sequence；
S43, linear transverse calibrator calculate according to each received training sequence of antenna receiving channel and store each day
The calibration factor of line receiving channel,
Antenna receives signal calibration step
S5, linear transverse calibrator carry out each receiving antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna receiving channel
Lateral filter calibration.
Wherein, the fundamental block diagram of linear transverse calibrator is as shown in figure 3, it is by multistage tapped delay line, variable gain
The linear system of circuit and summer composition.The cycle T of symbol is divided between its tap, its current value the signal received
Linear superposition is done by filter coefficient with past value, and using the sum of generation as output.
W (n) is enabled to indicate the vector of filter factor in linear calibrator in Fig. 3, that is,
W (n)=[w-L w1-L(n) ... w0(n) ... wL-1(n) wL(n)]T
X (n) indicates calibrator input signal vector, that is,
X (n)=[x (n+L) x (n+L-1) ... x (n) ... x (n-L+1) x (n-L)]T
Then output signal y (n) can be expressed as
In formula, the transposition of upper angle " T " representing matrix.
As can be seen from the above equation, the coefficient vector w (n) of the result of output sequence and input signal vector x (n) and calibrator
Related, input signal is distorted after hardware corridor as x (n)；Calibrator coefficient vector w (n) should be according to hardware corridor
The change of characteristic be designed, make x (n) make the signal of output dry without intersymbol in sample point after linear transverse calibrator
It disturbs.Linear gauging device coefficient vector can be obtained by derivation to be determined by the transmission function of hardware corridor completely, if hardware corridor
Characteristic changed, corresponding coefficient vector also changes therewith, just can guarantee after equilibrium in this way on sampling time without code
Between interfere.
Further, linear transverse calibrator passes through following public affairs according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna
Formula calculates and stores the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel:
E (n)=d (n)-y (n)=d (n)-wT(n)x(n)
Wherein, e (n) is error output sequence, and d (n) is desired signal, and y (n) is reality output, wTIt (n) is matrix w
(n) transposition, w (n) are linear transverse calibrator coefficient vector, and the solution w (n) when e (n) minimum is solved by LMS algorithm.
Specifically, the principle of adaptive calibration device is according to certain criterion and algorithm with error sequence e (n) to its coefficient w
(n) it is adjusted, finally makes cost (target) function of adaptive calibration device minimum, achieve the purpose that optimal equalization.Actually answer
In, calibration factor can pass through Zero Forcing or minimum mean square error criterion (minimum mean square error, MMSE)
It obtains.For Zero Forcing, adjusting calibrator coefficient makes all sample value shock responses after stablizing have the smallest intersymbol interference；
And the calibrator coefficient adjustment of MMSE criterion is square between desired signal d (n) and calibrator output signal y (n) in order to make
Error is minimum.Linear transverse calibrator either based on MMSE criterion or the unlimited tap of Zero Forcing is under noise-free case
It is all intuitively the inverse filter of hardware corridor, if it is considered that having difference between two kinds of criterion.Under MMSE criterion, calibrator is taken out
Head compensates additive noise and hardware corridor distortion, and compensation includes two aspects of phase and amplitude；And it is quasi- based on force zero
LTE then ignores the influence of noise, and since the general power of antenna calibration signal is relatively high, SNR is bigger, can ignore noise
It influences, so can generally be met the requirements using zero forcing algorithm.
The linear transverse calibrator structure that the present invention uses is very simple, easy to accomplish.
Further, it is shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle and forms calibrating sequence, be implemented as follows:
Choose the binary sequence m that length is PPAs basic calibrating sequence, mP=(m1,m2,...,mP), wherein P=
Win*N, N are the numbers of work antenna element, and win is that the window of each of the links channel estimation is long；
To basic calibrating sequence mPPhase equalization is carried out, the complex vector of calibrating sequence is generatedm P,m P=(m 1,m 2,...,m P), whereinm PInm iBy mPIn miIt gets:m i=(j)i-1·mi, square root that i=1 ..., P, j are -1；
To the complex vector of calibrating sequencem PIt is periodically extended, obtains a new periodical complex vectorm,
By periodical complex vectormThe calibrating sequence vector of each antenna element is obtained,
K=1 ... N, wherein periodical complex vectormInI=1 ..., P, k=1 ..., N；Herein, no
The same calibrating sequence is used with antenna element.
When generating the basic sequence difference of calibrating sequence, the calibrating sequence of each antenna is all different.In the present invention,
Since the calibrating sequence transmission of antenna can be staggered completely in time, the calibrating sequence of antenna can also be identical, this hair
It is bright to use one group of m calibrating sequence.
Total calibrating sequence is obtained by the calibrating sequence vector of each antenna element, the length Lall=P+ of total calibrating sequence
(N-1)*win。
For example, when N is 4, this total calibrating sequence has the training sequence of certain plyability with being repeated cyclically
It calibrates and is suitble to narrowband monosystem number calibrated channel, such as shown in Fig. 4 (a), each antenna calibration sequence length P is greater than the sequence window sent
Long win then needs using Fig. 4 (b) or Fig. 4 (c), in Fig. 4 (b), each antenna calibration sequence length P wideband training
Win long equal to the sequence window of transmission, in Fig. 4 (c), each antenna calibration sequence length P is less than the long win of sequence window sent, makes
The training sequence for obtaining wantonly two antennas cannot be overlapped.
Training sequence of the invention is sent using Fig. 4 (b) or Fig. 4 (c) mode.Preferably, in order to guarantee adjacent two
The M sequence of antenna does not have any overlapping, generally setting win=P+p1, wherein P is that the calibrating sequence of each antenna element is long
Degree, win are the window length of each of the links channel estimation, p1=1,2 ... 3, as long as the length of general p1 be greater than different antennae it
Between maximum delay difference, because of the general very little of delay inequality between different antennae, only several sampled points.
Further, P=2^K, wherein P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and K is positive integer.Herein,
The power side that P is selected as 2 is more convenient.
The present invention is to basic calibrating sequence mPPhase equalization is carried out, guarantees that phase is not mutated, improves the accuracy of calibration.It is right
The complex vector of calibrating sequencem PIt is periodically extended, generates the calibrating sequence of required each antenna element.
Linear transverse calibrator is by following formula according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel to each transmitting day
Line signal carries out lateral filter calibration:
Wherein, y (n) is linear transverse calibrator output signal, wiIt (n) is linear transverse calibrator coefficient vector, x (n-
It i) is linear transverse calibrator input signal.
Antenna emits signal calibration step specific implementation process as shown in figure 5, when transmitting calibration, conventional aerial channel emission
Training sequence, each antenna gradually send training sequence according to a fixed response time, and calibrated channel is successively received according to corresponding time delay,
Then each self-channel carries out Wella algorithm respectively or LMS (Least Mean Square, lowest mean square) algorithm carries out coefficient meter
It calculates, then obtains respective calibration factor Wtk.
Antenna receives signal calibration step specific implementation process as shown in fig. 6, when receiving calibration, and calibration antenna channels emit
Training sequence, conventional aerial channel receive the training sequence that calibration antenna is sent simultaneously, and then each self-channel carries out Wella respectively
Algorithm or LMS algorithm carry out coefficient calculating, then obtain respective calibration factor Wrk.
Wideband single carrier antenna calibration method of the invention is carried out more days using linear transverse calibrator as calibrated channel
Line calibration can complete the group delay distortion calibration of broadband signal, to adapt to the channel calibration of broadband signal.
For embodiment of the method, for simple description, therefore, it is stated as a series of action combinations, but this field
Technical staff should be aware of, and embodiment of that present invention are not limited by the describe sequence of actions, because implementing according to the present invention
Example, some steps may be performed in other sequences or simultaneously.Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that, specification
Described in embodiment belong to preferred embodiment, the actions involved are not necessarily necessary for embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is wideband single carrier antenna calibration system block diagram of the invention, and referring to Fig. 7, wideband list provided by the invention is carried
Wave antenna calibration system, comprising:
Training sequence generating means form calibrating sequence for being shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle；
Each antenna transmission channel is respectively used to gradually send to each receiving channel of calibration antenna respectively according to scheduled timing
Training sequence；
Each receiving channel of antenna is calibrated, is respectively used to according to corresponding scheduled timing successively received training sequence；
Antenna transmission channel is calibrated, is respectively used to send training sequence to each antenna receiving channel；
Each antenna receiving channel, for received training sequence simultaneously；
Linear transverse calibrator, for calculating and storing each according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna
The calibration factor of antenna transmission channel carries out each transmitting antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel horizontal
To filter calibration, is calculated according to each received training sequence of antenna receiving channel and store the calibration of each antenna receiving channel
Coefficient carries out lateral filter calibration to each receiving antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna receiving channel.
Further, in training sequence generating means,
Win=P+p1
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and win is the window length of each of the links channel estimation, p1
It is poor that the length of=1,2 ..., p1 meet the maximum delay being greater than between different antennae.
Further, in training sequence generating means,
P=2^K
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and K is positive integer.
Wideband single carrier antenna calibration system of the invention is carried out more days using linear transverse calibrator as calibrated channel
Line calibration can complete the group delay distortion calibration of broadband signal, to adapt to the channel calibration of broadband signal.
The present invention simulates the convolution results of antenna calibration coefficient and hardware corridor, as shown in figure 8, antenna calibration coefficient is
The inverse function of hardware corridor, being multiplied in the time domain is unit pulse.
The present invention simulates the signal constellation (in digital modulation) figure comparison whether there is or not antenna output when calibration, as shown in figure 9, passing through time domain equalization
It is not only able to guarantee the consistency of the phase and amplitude characteristic of each antenna, additionally it is possible to eliminate group delay in hardware corridor and hard
Part bring frequency selective fading.
For system embodiments, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, related so being described relatively simple
Place illustrates referring to the part of embodiment of the method.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration method, which is characterized in that including training sequence generation step, antenna transmission channel
Calibration factor obtaining step, antenna transmitting signal calibration step, antenna receiving channel calibration factor obtaining step and antenna receive
Signal calibration step, wherein
Training sequence generation step includes:
It is shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle and forms calibrating sequence,
Antenna transmission channel calibration factor obtaining step includes:
Each antenna transmission channel gradually sends training sequence to each receiving channel of calibration antenna respectively according to scheduled timing；
Each receiving channel of antenna is calibrated according to corresponding scheduled timing successively received training sequence；
Linear transverse calibrator, which calculates according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna and stores each antenna, to be emitted
The calibration factor in channel,
Antenna emits signal calibration step
Linear transverse calibrator carries out lateral filter to each transmitting antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel
Wave calibration,
Antenna receives signal calibration step
It calibrates antenna transmission channel and sends training sequence to each antenna receiving channel respectively；
Each antenna receiving channel while received training sequence；
Linear transverse calibrator, which calculates according to each received training sequence of antenna receiving channel and stores each antenna and receive, to be led to
The calibration factor in road,
Antenna receives signal calibration step
Linear transverse calibrator carries out lateral filter to each receiving antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna receiving channel
Wave calibration.
2. wideband single carrier antenna calibration method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that passed through by basic calibrating sequence
Loop cycle shifts to form calibrating sequence, is implemented as follows:
Choose the binary sequence m that length is PPAs basic calibrating sequence, mP=(m1,m2,...,mP), wherein P=win*N,
N is the number of work antenna element, and win is that the window of each of the links channel estimation is long；
To basic calibrating sequence mPPhase equalization is carried out, the complex vector of calibrating sequence is generatedm P,m P=(m 1,m 2,...,m P),
In,m PInm iBy mPIn miIt gets:m i=(j)i-1·mi, square root that i=1 ..., P, j are -1；
To the complex vector of calibrating sequencem PIt is periodically extended, obtains a new periodical complex vectorm,
By periodical complex vectormThe calibrating sequence vector of each antenna element is obtained,Wherein, periodical complex vectormIn
Total calibrating sequence is obtained by the calibrating sequence vector of each antenna element, the length Lall=P+ (N- of total calibrating sequence
1)*win。
3. wideband single carrier antenna calibration method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
Win=P+p1
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and win is the window length of each of the links channel estimation, p1=1,
It is poor that the length of 2 ..., p1 meet the maximum delay being greater than between different antennae.
4. wideband single carrier antenna calibration method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that P=2^K
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and K is positive integer.
5. wideband single carrier antenna calibration method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that linear transverse calibrator according to
The calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna is calculated by the following formula and stores the calibration of each antenna transmission channel
Coefficient:
E (n)=d (n)-wT(n)x(n)
Wherein, e (n) is error output sequence, and d (n) is desired signal, wT(n) transposition for being matrix w (n), w (n) are linear horizontal
To calibrator coefficient vector, the solution w (n) when e (n) minimum is solved by LMS algorithm.
6. wideband single carrier antenna calibration method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
Linear transverse calibrator believes each transmitting antenna according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel by following formula
Number carry out lateral filter calibration:
Wherein, y (n) is linear transverse calibrator output signal, wiIt (n) is linear transverse calibrator coefficient vector, x (n-i) is line
Property transverse direction calibrator input signal.
7. wideband single carrier antenna calibration method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that different antennae unit is using same
One calibrating sequence.
8. a kind of wideband single carrier antenna calibration system characterized by comprising
Training sequence generating means form calibrating sequence for being shifted by basic calibrating sequence by loop cycle；
Each antenna transmission channel is respectively used to gradually send training to each receiving channel of calibration antenna respectively according to scheduled timing
Sequence；
Each receiving channel of antenna is calibrated, is respectively used to according to corresponding scheduled timing successively received training sequence；
Antenna transmission channel is calibrated, is respectively used to send training sequence to each antenna receiving channel；
Each antenna receiving channel, for received training sequence simultaneously；
Linear transverse calibrator, for being calculated according to the calibration received training sequence of each receiving channel of antenna and storing each antenna
The calibration factor of transmission channel carries out lateral filter to each transmitting antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna transmission channel
Wave calibration, calculates according to each received training sequence of antenna receiving channel and stores the calibration system of each antenna receiving channel
Number carries out lateral filter calibration to each receiving antenna signal according to the calibration factor of each antenna receiving channel.
9. wideband single carrier antenna calibration system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in training sequence generating means
In,
Win=P+p1
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and win is the window length of each of the links channel estimation, p1=1,
It is poor that the length of 2 ..., p1 meet the maximum delay being greater than between different antennae.
10. wideband single carrier antenna calibration system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that generate and fill in training sequence
In setting,
P=2^K
Wherein, P is the calibrating sequence length of each antenna element, and K is positive integer.
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| WO2023050734A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | Antenna calibration method and apparatus, and remote radio frequency unit |
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