CN110419506B - Hybridization matching method for laying red pink shell eggs by red feather chickens - Google Patents
Hybridization matching method for laying red pink shell eggs by red feather chickens Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 28
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract description 24
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract description 24
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hybridization matching method for laying pink shell eggs by red-feather chickens, which comprises the following steps: step S1: breeding male parent luo dao red cock by taking luo dao red cock and luo dao red hen as male parent paternal line and male parent maternal line; step S2: breeding female parents by taking the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen as a female parent paternal line and a female parent maternal line; step S3: and breeding commercial laying hens by using the male parent Luoyang red cock and the female parent with the colored spots to obtain a new red pink egg variety, and realizing male-female self-discrimination through feather color, wherein the red feather is the hen, and the non-red feather is the cock. The eggshell of the commercial hen for replacing the hen is red pink, the feather is red feather, the blank of the variety type of the domestic laying hens can be filled, and the eggshell color is between that of brown-shell eggs and that of pink-shell eggs, so that the color type of the eggshell of the domestic laying hens is further enriched, the market demand is met, and the commercial hen has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of matching breeding of new species of laying hens, in particular to a hybrid matching method for laying pink shell eggs by red-feather chickens.
Background
Under the influence of traditional consumption habits, the consumption of eggs by residents in cities and countryside of China mainly takes fresh eggs as main materials, and the color of the eggshell of the eggs is focused on by consumers. In recent years, the proportion of the pink shell eggs on the market is on a continuous rising trend, and is close to 40%. At present, high-yield commercial laying hens capable of laying pink-shell eggs are mainly produced by orthogonal or reverse-orthogonal matching of brown-shell laying hens and white-shell laying hens, and the color of eggshells is between that of brown shells and white shells (the average value of L values in the whole process is about 80). With the increasing market demand for brand eggs, consumer preference for red-shelled eggs has increased year by year, which are darker than pink-shelled eggs, but lighter than brown-shelled eggs. In the existing pink shell layer chicken matched system, the brown shell layer chicken consanguinity and the white shell layer chicken consanguinity respectively account for 50%, and the pink degree of the commercial generation eggs can be deepened to a certain degree through the breeding of the eggshell color of the brown shell strain in the pink shell layer chicken matched system.
Meanwhile, the red feather eliminated laying hens (commonly called old hens) have the advantages of easy sale and high price, and the consumer market also has preference for the red feather eliminated laying hens, so the laying hen variety is favored by breeders, however, the red feather laying hens lack the variety of laying pink shell eggs in the current market, the eggshell color heritability of the laying hens is moderate, the breeding progress is slow, and the effect is not good; therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to guide the breeding of new species of red-feather chickens that produce red pink eggs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a new variety of laying hens capable of producing red pink eggs, and the invention provides a hybridization matching method of red-feather laying hens capable of producing red pink shell eggs, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: breeding male parent luo dao red cock by taking luo dao red cock and luo dao red hen as male parent paternal line and male parent maternal line;
step S2: breeding female parents by taking the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen as a female parent paternal line and a female parent maternal line; the Luo island white cock is characterized by recessive white feather, fast feather and brown-shell protein, the white-coming hen is characterized by dominant white feather, homozygous mutation of feather gene, slow feather and white-shell protein, and the sex of the descendants of the Luo island white cock and the white-coming hen is self-distinguished through the fast feather and the slow feather, so that the hens with color spots in the female parent are screened;
step S3: and breeding commercial laying hens by using the male parent Luoyang red cock and the female parent with the colored spots to obtain a new red pink egg variety, and realizing male-female self-discrimination through feather color, wherein the red feather is the hen, and the non-red feather is the cock.
The Luo island red cock and Luo island red hen of the male parent paternal line and the male parent maternal line have the characteristics of red feather, fast feather and brown shell egg.
Wherein the Luo island white cock of the maternal-paternal line is selected from the strains of which the hens are all provided with rust color spots after the hybridization with the white leghorn hens.
The screening method of the Luo island white cock corresponding strain of the maternal-paternal line comprises the following steps: DNA extraction, PCR amplification and product sequencing analysis are carried out on the existing Luo island white cock strain, and the 18288303 th deoxynucleotide homozygous mutant strain of the 11 # chromosome sense chain is selected.
The screening method of the Luo island white cock corresponding strain of the maternal-paternal line comprises the following steps: carrying out DNA extraction and PCR amplification on the existing Luo island white cock strain, carrying out enzyme digestion by using an endonuclease with an identification sequence of T ↓ CGCGCGA, and selecting a red feather gene homozygous mutant strain capable of generating two fragments.
The screening method of the white leghorn hens of the maternal line comprises the following steps: DNA extraction, PCR amplification and product sequencing analysis are carried out on the existing white leghorn hen strains, and strains with 18288303 th deoxynucleotide homozygous mutation of the 11 # chromosome sense chain are selected.
The screening method of the white leghorn hens of the maternal line comprises the following steps: carrying out DNA extraction and PCR amplification on the existing white leghorn hen strain, carrying out enzyme digestion by using an endonuclease with an identification sequence of T ↓ CGCGCGA, and selecting a red feather gene homozygous mutant strain capable of generating two fragments.
According to the hybridization matching method for laying pink shell eggs by the red-feather chickens, the eggshells of commercial surrogate hens are red pink, the feather is red feather, the blank of the variety types of the laying hens in China can be filled, and the eggshells are between brown shell eggs and pink shell eggs, so that the color types of the eggshells of the domestic laying hens are further enriched, the market requirements are met, and the hybridization matching method has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a matching flow chart of a hybridization matching method for producing red pink shell eggs by red-feather chickens.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the technical scheme and the advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical scheme and the advantages thereof is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the hybridization matching method for laying pink shell eggs by the red-feather chickens of the invention, and as shown in FIG. 1, the hybridization matching method for laying pink shell eggs by the red-feather chickens of the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
1. cultivation of male parent
The Luo island red cock and the Luo island red hen are used as male parent paternal lines and male parent maternal lines to cultivate the male parent Luo island red cock, the Luo island red cock and the Luo island red hen which have red feather, fast feather and brown shell eggs in character, and the Luo island red cock and the Luo island red hen are common varieties existing in the market.
2. Cultivation of female parent
Taking Luo island white cock (recessive white feather, fast feather and brown shell egg) as a maternal-paternal line, white sailing hen (dominant white feather, feather gene homozygous mutation, slow feather and white shell egg) as a maternal-paternal line, and screening Luo island white cock meeting the conditions as the maternal-paternal line according to the feather color of the hybrid offspring hen.
Specifically, after the Luo island white cock (recessive white feather, fast feather and brown-shell egg) and the white sailing hen (dominant white feather, feather gene homozygous mutation, slow feather and white-shell egg) are hybridized, the parental generation cock presents slow feather, and the hen presents two different expression traits: spotted hens (fast-feathered, pink-shelled eggs) and pure white-feathered hens (fast-feathered, pink-shelled eggs). The inventor hybridizes the hens with the two different expression traits with the Luo island red cock, and finds that the commercial generation laying hens cannot realize feather sex self-discrimination after the pure white feather hens are hybridized with the Luo island red cock, and the commercial generation laying hens can realize feather sex self-discrimination after the colored spotted hens are hybridized with the Luo island red cock. Therefore, the invention selects the hens with the speckles as the female parent of the parent generation, and selects the Luo island white cock with the speckles of the hens of the filial generation as the female parent and the father line.
In the present invention, a specific method for screening the luo island white cock of the maternal and paternal line comprises the following steps: the Luo island white cock (fast feather, recessive white feather, eggshell color is brown) is hybridized with white-coming aviation hen (slow feather, dominant white feather, eggshell color is white, new mating line from Jingfen No. 6 laying hen (nong 09) new mating line (No. 80) new variety witness) female parent line with homozygous mutation of feather color gene), artificial insemination is performed according to a cock-to-female ratio of 1:5, 10 days of hatching eggs are continuously collected, a half-sib family is hatched to be hatched and hatched to be hatched, the hybridized generation hens are worn with wing numbers, pedigree information is recorded, the breeding period is 5 weeks old, the color of the feathers is observed, and if the feathers of the generation hens of a certain cock all have iron rust color (the positions of color spots comprise wings, back, neck and the like), the certain cock is selected as the female parent line.
In the invention, the recessive white feather character of the female parent paternal line Luo island white cock is defined as follows: the hybrid offspring of the Luo island white cock presenting the recessive white feather character may present other non-white feather phenotypes. In the invention, the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen corresponding to the maternal parent line and the maternal parent line are red feather homozygous mutant varieties selected from the existing varieties, and have homozygous red feather mutant genes in vivo, so that the hens of filial generations of the hybrid hens are the color spot hens.
According to the appearance characteristics of hybrid offspring of the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen, the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen which do not have feather color gene mutation and the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen which have feather color gene mutation are respectively screened, and DNA extraction, PCR amplification and product sequencing analysis are respectively carried out on the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen, so that the corresponding strain with feather color gene mutation is found to have homozygous mutation in 18288303 th deoxynucleotide of the No. 11 chromosome sense chain.
The inventor further develops an endonuclease aiming at 18288303 th deoxynucleotide of the plus-sense strand of the chromosome 11 on the basis of the endonuclease, wherein the recognition sequence is T ↓ CGCGCGA, and two nucleotide chains corresponding to a red-feather gene homozygous mutant individual can be completely cut to generate two fragments with different lengths; two nucleotide chains corresponding to individuals without the red feather gene mutation can not be cut, and a fragment with one length is still reserved; one of two nucleotide chains corresponding to the individual with the heterozygous mutation of the red feather gene can be cut, and the other nucleotide chain can not generate three fragments with different lengths.
Therefore, a method for rapidly screening the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen of the maternal-paternal line and the maternal-maternal line comprises the following steps: carrying out DNA extraction, PCR amplification and product sequencing analysis on the existing Luo island white cock or white leghorn hen strains, and selecting the strains with 18288303 th deoxynucleotide homozygous mutation of the 11 # chromosome sense chain; or carrying out DNA extraction and PCR amplification on the existing Luo island white cock or white leghorn hen strains, carrying out enzyme digestion by using an endonuclease with an identification sequence of T ↓ CGCGCGA, and selecting a red feather gene homozygous mutant strain capable of generating two fragments.
3. Construction of the complete set of lines
As described above, a new pink egg laying hen set line is constructed by screening the red feather homozygous mutant lines of the white leghorn hen and the Luo island white cock.
The male parent line and the male parent line are Luoyandan red-feather chickens, and the hybridized father generation is Luoyandan red chickens which produce brown-shell eggs.
The female parent line and the female parent line are respectively Luo island white cock and white sailing hen, the hybridized female generation produces pink shell egg, the spotted hen presents fast feather, the cock presents slow feather, and the self-identification of male and female can be realized through the fast and slow feather.
The parent Luoyangdao cock is matched with the parent spotted-spotted hen to produce red pink shell eggs, the hen is red feather, the cock is non-red feather, and the gender can be distinguished through feather color.
One embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
1. selection of pure lines of mating lines
(1) Male parent strain: luo island red chicken, red feather, fast feather, eggshell color brown shell.
(2) Female parent line: the new mating line of No. 6 egg-laying hens of Beijing City Huadu valley mouth poultry Limited liability company and China agriculture university (No. 80 of New breed No. 09) female parent line chicken (the specific screening method is as described above), white leghorn chicken, dominant white feather, feather gene homozygous mutation, slow feather, and white shell color of eggshell.
(3) The female parent and the male parent are: the Luo island white layer chicken (the specific screening method is as described above) bred by Huadu valley oral poultry Limited liability company in Beijing, the product of the layer chicken is recessive white feather and fast feather, and the color of the eggshell is brown. Luo island white-egg chickens can also be selected by progeny phenotype: the method comprises the steps of continuously collecting hatching eggs for 10 days by using the individual insemination female parent line and the male parent line of the strain cock in a ratio of 1:5, hatching the half-sib families, wearing wing numbers on all filial generation hens, and recording pedigree information. Breeding the filial generation hens to 5 weeks old, observing the feather color, and taking a certain cock as a maternal-paternal line if the feathers of the filial generation hens of the certain cock are provided with rust color spots (the positions of the spots comprise wings, the back, the neck and the like).
2. Hybridization kit
(1) Hybridizing the female parent-male line and the female parent-female line to obtain parent-female chickens, and distinguishing male chickens and female chickens according to the growth speed of the feathers of the chickens when the chickens are hatched, wherein the chickens with slow feather are male chickens and are eliminated; the fast feather is the hen, and the accuracy rate of identifying the cock and the hen with fast feather and slow feather is more than 99.5 percent; one parental hen can lay more than 280 qualified eggs in 68 weeks, the number of healthy female chicks is more than 120, and the egg shell of the egg is a pink shell; selecting healthy parents and hens for feeding, laying eggs at 130 days, reaching the peak of laying eggs at 160 days, and mating.
(2) The Luo island red cock and the hen are hybridized to produce a parental cock.
(3) According to the male-female ratio of 1:80, breeding male chickens and female chickens of the parent generation, hatching to obtain commercial generation laying hens, enabling the feather color to be self-identified, enabling the male chickens to be non-red feather and enabling the female chickens to be red feather, and enabling the identification accuracy rate to be more than 98%.
The color of the eggshell of the commercial laying hen is red pink, the color of the eggshell is measured by adopting a spectrocolorimeter CM700d, the average value of the L value of the eggshell color in the whole laying period is about 72, is obviously darker than the color of the eggshell of the existing high-yield pink eggshell, but is lighter than the color of the eggshell of the brown eggshell, namely between the brown eggshell and the pink eggshell;
the feather color of the commercial layer chicken is mainly red, and the wing tip and the tail tip are white.
The number of eggs laid by commercial hens in 80 weeks can reach 375 every day, the survival rate in the whole breeding process is more than 95%, and the commercial hens belong to a high-yield laying hen matched line.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the eggshell of the commercial hen replacing the hen is red pink, and the feather is red feather, so that the blank of the variety type of the laying hens in China is filled.
2. The color of the eggshell of the commercial hen instead of the hen is between that of a brown-shell egg and that of a pink-shell egg, so that the color types of the eggshell of the domestic hen are further enriched, the market demand is met, and the commercial hen has a wide application prospect.
3. The parent generation can realize feather speed self-distinguishing male and female, the commodity generation can realize feather color self-distinguishing male and female, the damage to the chicks caused by anus turning identification is reduced, and the quality of the chicks can be ensured.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A hybridization matching method for laying red pink shell eggs by red-feather chickens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: breeding male parent luo dao red cock by taking luo dao red cock and luo dao red hen as male parent paternal line and male parent maternal line, wherein the luo dao red cock and luo dao red hen of the male parent paternal line and male parent maternal line have the characteristics of red feather, fast feather and brown shell egg;
step S2: breeding female parents by taking the Luo island white cock and the white sailing hen as a female parent paternal line and a female parent maternal line; the Luo island white cock is characterized by recessive white feather, fast feather and brown-shell protein, the white-coming hen is characterized by dominant white feather, homozygous mutation of feather gene, slow feather and white-shell protein, and the sex of the descendants of the Luo island white cock and the white-coming hen is self-distinguished through the fast feather and the slow feather, so that the hens with color spots in the female parent are screened;
step S3: and breeding commercial laying hens by using the male parent Luoyang red cock and the female parent with the colored spots to obtain a new red pink egg variety, and realizing male-female self-discrimination through feather color, wherein the red feather is the hen, and the non-red feather is the cock.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said Luo island white cock of paternal line is selected from a line of Luo island white cock which has a rust color spot when crossed with a white leghorn hen.
3. The method for matching red-feather chicken with red-pink shell eggs as claimed in claim 2, wherein the screening method of the Luo island white cock strain corresponding to the maternal and paternal line is as follows: DNA extraction, PCR amplification and product sequencing analysis are carried out on the existing Luo island white cock strain, and the 18288303 th deoxynucleotide homozygous mutant strain of the 11 # chromosome sense chain is selected.
4. The method for matching red-feather chicken with red-pink shell eggs as claimed in claim 2, wherein the screening method of the Luo island white cock strain corresponding to the maternal and paternal line is as follows: carrying out DNA extraction and PCR amplification on the existing Luo island white cock strain, carrying out enzyme digestion by using an endonuclease with an identification sequence of T ↓ CGCGCGA, and selecting a red feather gene homozygous mutant strain capable of generating two fragments.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the screening method for the white leghorn hens of the maternal line comprises: DNA extraction, PCR amplification and product sequencing analysis are carried out on the existing white leghorn hen strains, and strains with 18288303 th deoxynucleotide homozygous mutation of the 11 # chromosome sense chain are selected.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the screening method for the white leghorn hens of the maternal line comprises: carrying out DNA extraction and PCR amplification on the existing white leghorn hen strain, carrying out enzyme digestion by using an endonuclease with an identification sequence of T ↓ CGCGCGA, and selecting a red feather gene homozygous mutant strain capable of generating two fragments.
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| CN111345267B (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-11-19 | 山东省农业科学院家禽研究所（山东省无特定病原鸡研究中心） | Breeding method of hybrid line of special laying hens with feather color double-self-distinguishing male and female black-feather pink shells and high yield |
| CN111406712B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-08-27 | 南昌师范学院 | Method for cultivating high-quality chicken with both colored feather and eggs by using babcock B380 |
| CN114667965A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-06-28 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所科技创新有限公司 | Method for breeding high-reproduction, high-efficiency and high-quality dual-purpose black-feather chickens |
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