CN110397915B - Air circulation nozzle device for fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents

Air circulation nozzle device for fluidized bed boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110397915B
CN110397915B CN201910332329.0A CN201910332329A CN110397915B CN 110397915 B CN110397915 B CN 110397915B CN 201910332329 A CN201910332329 A CN 201910332329A CN 110397915 B CN110397915 B CN 110397915B
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China
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air
injection nozzle
fluidized bed
nozzle
supply pipe
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CN110397915A (en
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柳成铉
柳志源
裴达熙
金信珠
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Honest Machinery
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Honest Machinery
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/20Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an air injection nozzle for supplying air to a fluidized bed combustion furnace of a fluidized bed boiler, which is protected by a nozzle protection material and can prevent deformation caused by high temperature generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace. The present invention is characterized in that an air supply pipe for supplying air in a state that a fluidized bed combustion furnace of a fluidized bed boiler is communicated with an air supply pipe provided on the air supply pipe (100), an air injection nozzle for injecting the supplied air to the fluidized bed combustion furnace (10) and a nozzle protection member (300) including a fluidized sand for heat transfer or a solid fuel burned in the fluidized bed combustion furnace (10) in a state that the air injection nozzle (200) is provided, the air injection nozzle (200) is inserted into one end of the air supply pipe (100) and forms an air passage through which the air supplied from the air supply pipe (100) can flow, and an injection hole (220) penetrating from the air passage (210) to the outside is formed in order to inject the air flowing through the air passage (210) to the outside.

Description

Air circulation nozzle device for fluidized bed boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to: an air injection nozzle for supplying air to a fluidized bed combustion furnace of a fluidized bed boiler is protected by a nozzle protecting member, and deformation due to high temperature generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace can be prevented.
Background
The recent Fluidized Bed (Fluidized Bed) technology has emerged as a powerful competitor to the traditional differential coal fired boilers. Fluidized Bed boilers (Fluidized Bed boilers) have developed a way of generating steam by the flow of particles (coal, lime, ash, etc.) heated by fuel combustion in a combustion furnace. By excellent fuel adaptability, it is the best answer to domestic energy production and utilization technology, since it can utilize the advantages of various low-grade fuels (low-grade coal, biological energy, waste energy, etc.) and low-grade carbon including anthracite.
In addition, since renewable energy such as cheap imported low-grade coal and waste solid Fuel (reused Fuel) is used, the annual energy production cost can be reduced to about 60%, and the electric power energy cost serving as the national economic basis is reduced, so that the method is regarded as an optimal utilization technology.
Further, the method of desulfurization (desulfation) in the combustion of limestone (CaCO 3) using high heat transfer (heat transfer), heat capacity (heat capacity), uniform temperature distribution, high efficiency, reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) due to a low operation temperature of 800 degrees celsius or less, does not require additional desulfurization and regeneration (regeneration) equipment, and requires no consideration for the engineering cost of wet desulfurization equipment and a Selective Reduction catalyst (Selective Catalytic Reduction) required for combustion in order to maintain the emission standard of environmental pollutants, and thus the total engineering cost for constructing a boiler is low.
Here, the structure of the fluidized bed boiler is generally explained: the fluidized bed combustion furnace is internally filled with fluidized Sand (Sand) to form a fluidized bed, the fluidized Sand for fuel combustion transfers heat, a cyclone device (cyclone) which is provided with a fluidized-bed combustion furnace (fluidized-bed combustor) for producing steam energy and classifies and traps fuel gas and scattered ash generated in the fluidized-bed combustion furnace is connected to the fluidized-bed combustion furnace, a particle circulating device (loop seal) for returning fuel particles trapped by the cyclone device to the fluidized-bed combustion furnace is connected to the fluidized-bed combustion furnace from an ash separating device, and a plurality of nozzles for dispersing injection air supplied from the outside are arranged below the fluidized-bed combustion furnace.
The air injected in these nozzles can improve the effective fluidization of the fluidized bed and the performance of fuel combustion.
However, the fluidized bed combustion generates a temperature of 800 to 900 degrees celsius depending on the combustion of the waste solid fuel. Due to fluidized bed combustion, the internal temperature is higher than the Creep Strength (Creep Strength) of the nozzle which is made of metal materials and has a temperature range of 500-800 ℃, so that the nozzle has the problem of deformation or damage. I.e. the efficiency of the boiler may be reduced.
The background art of the present invention is disclosed in Korean patent office laid-open publication No. 10-2011-.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The invention provides an air circulation nozzle device for a fluidized bed boiler, which prevents deformation caused by high temperature of the fluidized bed boiler by protecting an air injection nozzle for supplying air in the fluidized bed combustion furnace of the fluidized bed boiler by a nozzle protecting component.
Means for solving the problems
The air circulation nozzle device for a fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an air supply pipe 100 for supplying air in a state where a fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 of the fluidized bed boiler communicates with an air injection nozzle 200 provided in the air supply pipe 100 for injecting the supplied air to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 and an air injection nozzle 200 provided in the air injection nozzle 200, and a buffer member 500 having excellent fire resistance and capable of buffering external impact in a state where the nozzle protection member 300 is mounted on the air injection nozzle 200, the buffer member being interposed between the mounting member 400 and the air injection nozzle 200 and the nozzle protection member 300, the buffer member being formed of bolts for mounting the nozzle protection member 300 on the air injection nozzle 200, the air injection nozzle 200 being inserted into one end of the air supply pipe 100, an air passage 210 formed by air supplied from an air supply pipe 100 penetrating therethrough, an injection hole 220 penetrating the outside is formed on the air passage 210 for injecting the air flowing from the air passage 210 to the outside, an external mounting hole 230 coupled to a mounting member 400 is formed for externally mounting a nozzle protection member 300, the external mounting hole 230 is composed of a tap, the nozzle protection member 300 is formed in a cap shape in a state of covering the air injection nozzle 200, an insertion space 310 into which the air injection nozzle 200 is inserted is formed for protecting the air injection nozzle 200 from a high temperature generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 by manufacturing a chemical ceramic material, the external mounting hole 230 of the air injection nozzle 200 inserted from the insertion space 310 is exposed to the outside, an exposure hole 320 communicable with the insertion space 310 is formed, a bolt as the mounting member 400 is coupled to the tap of the external mounting hole 230 through the exposure hole 320, the buffer member 500 penetrates the central portion, and the air injection nozzle 200 and the disk-shaped chemical ceramic cap contacting the nozzle protection member 300, and the tubular chemical ceramic tube body contacting the outer periphery of the air injection nozzle 200 and the inner periphery of the nozzle protection member 300 are characterized.
And, according to another embodiment of the present invention: an air circulation nozzle device for a fluidized bed boiler is provided with an air supply pipe 100 for supplying air, an air injection nozzle 200 for injecting the air supplied from the air supply pipe 100 to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10, and a nozzle protection member 300 for protecting the air injection nozzle 200 in the collision of solid fuel or heat-transfer flowing sand burned in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 in a state where the air injection nozzle 200 is installed, wherein the air injection nozzle 200 is inserted into one end of the air supply pipe 100 and forms an air passage 210 through which the air supplied from the air supply pipe 100 can flow, and the air passage 210 is penetrated through the air passage 210 to the side from the air passage 210, an injection hole 220 is formed at the lower part of the air injection nozzle 200, and the air supply pipe 100 penetrates through the side from one end to the side to form a convection hole 101 through which the air flows, inserted into the air passage of the air nozzle. The convection hole 101 is formed on the air passage 210 with one end thereof being separated from the inner surface of the air rail, the injection hole 220 of the air injection nozzle 200 is blocked, the air cannot be injected, the air injection nozzle 200 on the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 is in a heated state, a temperature difference of the air is generated due to the fact that the air supply pipe 100 supplying the air has a lower temperature than the air injection nozzle 200, and a convection phenomenon in which the air supplied to the air passage through the air supply pipe 100 is re-moved to the convection hole 101 to the air supply pipe 100 is characterized.
Further, according to another embodiment of the present invention, an air circulation nozzle device for a fluidized bed boiler is an air supply pipe 100 for supplying air to a fluidized bed combustion furnace of the fluidized bed boiler in a state of being communicated with the fluidized bed combustion furnace, an air injection nozzle 200 provided to the air supply pipe 100 for injecting the supplied air to the fluidized bed combustion furnace, a nozzle protection member 200 for protecting the air injection nozzle 200 in a state of being provided to the air injection nozzle in a collision between solid fuel or heat-transfer flowing sand combusted in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10, an air supply pipe 100 inserted into one end of an air passage 210 of the air injection nozzle 200, a discharge hole 111 penetrating from one end to a side and allowing the air supplied to the air injection nozzle 200 to flow therethrough, an outer pipe 110 forming the discharge hole, and an inner pipe 120 inserted into the outer pipe and provided with one end being stopped to one end of the outer pipe 110, including supplying the air supplied from the outside to the air injection nozzle 200, the air injection nozzle 200 is inserted into one end of the air supply pipe 100, forms an air passage 210 through which air supplied from the air supply pipe 100 flows, and forms an injection hole 220 penetrating from the air passage 210 to the side in order to inject the air flowing through the air passage 210 to the outside.
It is desirable to form the discharge hole 111 smaller than the spray hole 220 of the air spray nozzle 200.
It is expected that the bolt as the mounting member 400 and the nozzle protecting member 300 having the same diameter or forming a head having a large diameter are the features of the present invention.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The invention has the advantages that: an air injection nozzle for supplying air into a fluidized bed combustion furnace of a fluidized bed boiler is protected by a nozzle protecting part from deformation due to high temperature generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace.
In addition, when the air injection nozzle is blocked and air cannot be injected, the formed air supply pipe for supplying air is communicated with the convection hole at the side, air can be convected through the convection hole, and the air injection nozzle can be prevented from overheating.
The air supply pipe is composed of an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and when the air injection nozzle is blocked and the air injection nozzle cannot inject the air, the air supplied through the inner pipe is discharged to the outside through the outer pipe, thereby preventing the air injection nozzle from being overheated.
The nozzle protection member is made of a ceramic material, and is formed in a cap shape for inserting the air injection nozzle, thereby protecting the air injection nozzle at a high temperature generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace.
Further, since the mounting member for mounting the nozzle protection member on the air injection nozzle is formed of a bolt, the head covers the nozzle protection member, thereby preventing the nozzle protection member from being damaged due to collision between falling solid fuels.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the state of application of a fluidized bed combustion furnace of a fluidized bed boiler.
FIG. 2 is an oblique view of an air circulation nozzle as seen in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows an oblique view of the exploded state of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a view showing a state in which the air supply pipe is used according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a use state of an air supply pipe applied according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be examined in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method comprises the following steps: as illustrated in fig. 1 to 5, according to another embodiment of the present invention, an air circulation nozzle device for a fluidized bed boiler communicates an air supply pipe 100 for supplying air and an air injection nozzle 200 for injecting the air supplied from the air supply pipe 100 to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 in a state where the air injection nozzle 200 and the air injection nozzle 200 are covered in a state where the air is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10, a nozzle protecting member 300 for protecting the air injection nozzle 200 from a high temperature generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10, and a mounting member 400 for mounting the nozzle protecting member 300 on the air injection nozzle 200.
First, an air injection nozzle 200 is provided below the fluidized bed boiler and the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10, and an air injection device 20 is connected to the air injection nozzle 200. At this time, in a state where the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 burns the solid fuel in order to heat the fluidized sand, external air is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 through the air injection nozzle 200 due to the activation of the air injection device 20.
Here, the solid fuel includes industrial waste or domestic waste.
As shown in fig. 4(a), the air supply pipe 100 is formed of a pipe body having a convection hole 101 through which air can flow, which is formed to penetrate from one end of an air passage 210 into which the air injection nozzle 200 is inserted to the side. Accordingly, air is supplied through the air supply pipe 100 and injected into the fluidized-bed combustion furnace 10 through the air injection nozzle 200.
However, as shown in fig. 4(b), when the solid fuel or the flowing sand jet holes 220 burned in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 are clogged and the air cannot be injected, the air injection nozzle 200 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10 is heated at 800 degrees celsius, and the air supply pipe 100 for supplying the air has a temperature difference lower than that of the heated air injection nozzle 200. Accordingly, a phenomenon in which the air supplied from the air supply pipe 100 to the air injection nozzle 200 is returned to the air supply pipe 100 again through the convection hole 101 is achieved. Accordingly, the air heated by the air injection nozzle 200 and the air not heated by the air supply pipe 100 are circulated with each other according to the convection phenomenon, preventing the air injection nozzle 200 from being overheated, and thus, the air injection nozzle 200 is prevented from being deformed even at a high temperature of 800 degrees celsius. That is, the efficiency of the fluidized-bed combustion furnace 10 is prevented from being low because the deformation of the air injection nozzle 200 is prevented.
Also comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 5, the air supply pipe 100 is inserted into one end of an air passage 210 of an air injection nozzle 200, which will be described later, and has a discharge hole 111 penetrating from one end to a side to allow air supplied to the air injection nozzle 200 to flow therethrough, an outer pipe 110 forming the discharge hole, and an inner pipe 120 inserted into the outer pipe such that one end is closed to one end of the outer pipe 110 to supply air supplied from the outside to the air injection nozzle 200.
The outer tube 110 penetrates the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10, is inserted into one end of the air passage 210 of the air injection nozzle 200, and the discharge hole 111 is provided in the air passage 210. Here, the discharge hole 111 is smaller than the spray hole 220 of the air spray nozzle 200.
Then, the outer tube 110 opens the other end opposite to the end where the discharge hole 111 is formed. That is, after the air flows in through the discharge hole 111, the air may be discharged to the outside through the other end of the outer pipe 110.
The inner pipe 120 has a smaller diameter than the outer pipe 110 and is inserted into the outer pipe 100, and one end is formed in a flange shape in order to be connected to the outer pipe 110 by screwing or welding.
Accordingly, the air injected into the inner tube 120 is supplied to the air injection nozzle 200, and is injected into the fluidized-bed combustion furnace 10 through the injection holes 220 of the air injection nozzle 200. At this time, since the injection hole 220 is larger than the discharge hole 111, most of the air is injected through the injection hole 220. In this manner, air can be continuously injected through the injection holes 220, and the air is continuously supplied to the air injection nozzle 200, so that the temperature of the air injection nozzle 200 heated at a high temperature can be minimized.
However, if the air supplied through the inner pipe 120 cannot be injected through the air injection nozzle 200 due to the blockage of the injection hole 220 of the air injection nozzle 200, the air can be discharged to the outside through the outer pipe 110 and the discharge hole 111 of the outer pipe 110. That is, if the injection hole 220 is closed, air can be discharged to the outside through the discharge hole 111.
In this way, if the air injection nozzle 200 is clogged and air cannot be supplied through the inner pipe 120, the air injection nozzle 200 is deformed at a high temperature of 800 ℃. However, if the air injection nozzle 200 is clogged, the air flowing to the discharge holes 111 may be discharged to the outside through the outer pipe 110, and the external air may be continuously supplied to one end of the inner pipe 120, thereby preventing the air injection nozzle 200 from being deformed at a high temperature. That is, since the deformation of the air injection nozzle 200 is prevented, the long-term use of the air injection nozzle 200 is ensured. Of course, since the deformation of the air injection nozzle is prevented, the inefficiency of the fluidized-bed combustion furnace 10 is also prevented.
The air injection nozzle 200 is inserted into one end of the air supply pipe 100, and forms an air passage 210 through which air supplied from the air supply pipe 100 can pass. In order to spray the air passing through the air duct 210 to the outside, a spray hole 220 penetrating from the air duct 210 to the outside is formed.
The air passage 210 has the aforementioned convection hole 101 or discharge hole 111 of the air supply pipe 100.
Accordingly, air supplied from the air supply pipe 100 flows through the air passage 210 and is injected into the fluidized-bed combustion furnace 10 through the injection holes 220. In this case, when the injection hole 220 is closed, the air flowing through the air passage 210 can flow through the convection hole 101 or the discharge hole 111 of the outer pipe 110.
Here, the injection hole 220 may be formed so that the air injection nozzle 200 is inclined sideways and penetrates therethrough. The injection hole 220 is formed in plural, and can inject air in various directions.
Then, the outside of the air injection nozzle 200 is formed with an external mounting port 230 coupled with the mounting member 400 in order to mount the nozzle protecting member 300. The external mounting opening 230 is formed by a tap or a screw.
The nozzle protecting member 300 is formed in a cap shape so as to cover the air injection nozzle 200, and is made of a chemical ceramic material so as to protect the air injection nozzle 200 at a high temperature generated in the fluidized-bed combustion furnace 10. Thus, the nozzle protection member 300 made of the chemical ceramic material can cover the protection air injection nozzle 200 without being deformed at a high temperature, and can prevent the deformation of the air injection nozzle 200 made of the metal.
The nozzle protection member 300 forms an insertion space 310 into which the air injection nozzle 200 is inserted, and the external attachment port 230 of the air injection nozzle 200 inserted into the insertion space 310 is formed with a leakage hole 320 that can communicate with the insertion space 310 so as to be exposed to the outside.
The nozzle protecting member 300 is attached to the air injection nozzle 200 by the attachment member 400 attached to the external attachment port 230 of the air injection nozzle 200.
The mounting member 400 is formed of a tap of the external mounting hole 230, a bolt to which a screw is coupled, or a nut to which a screw is coupled to a screw of the external mounting hole 230. Therefore, the bolt or nut as the mounting member 400 is coupled to the external mounting port 230 exposed through the exposure hole 320 in a state of pressurizing the nozzle protection member 300, and thus the state of mounting the nozzle protection member 300 on the air injection nozzle 200 is more robust.
Here, the bolt as the mounting member 400 may be formed in a head having the same diameter as the nozzle protection member 300 or a larger diameter than the nozzle protection member 300. Therefore, the head of the bolt serving as the mounting member 400 covers the nozzle protection member 300, and the nozzle protection member 300 is prevented from being damaged by the falling solid fuel. Then, the head forms a hemisphere shape in order to avoid the solid fuel or the fluidized sand falling in the fluidized-bed combustion furnace 10. Therefore, even if the falling solid fuel hits the head, the falling solid fuel can be avoided, and the impact can be reduced and alleviated.
Further, a buffer member 500 for buffering is provided between the air injection nozzle 200 and the nozzle protection member 300. The buffer member 500 penetrates the middle portion and includes a disk-shaped chemical ceramic pad that can be in surface contact with the air injection nozzle 200 and the nozzle protection member 300, and a tube-shaped chemical ceramic tube that can be in surface contact with the outer periphery of the air injection nozzle 200 and the inner periphery of the nozzle protection member 300.
Then, a disk-shaped chemical ceramic pad serving as the cushion member 500 is also prepared between the bolt serving as the mounting member 400 and the nozzle protection member 300.
Here, since the buffering member 500 is made of the chemical ceramics, it has excellent fire resistance, can withstand the high temperature of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 10, can prevent the collision between the air injection nozzle 200 made of the metal material and the nozzle protection member 300 made of the chemical ceramics, and can also alleviate the external impact.
As described above, the present invention is a very useful invention that is widely applicable to an air circulation nozzle device for a fluidized bed boiler, and that prevents a nozzle for supplying air to a fluidized bed combustion furnace of the fluidized bed boiler from being deformed by high temperature generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace, and reduces impact due to collision of falling solid fuel.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all aspects and are not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of the claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
10: fluidized bed combustion furnace 20: air injection nozzle
100: air supply pipe 101: convection hole
110: outer tube 111: discharge hole
120: inner tube 200: air injection nozzle
210: air passage 220: injection hole
230: external mounting port 300: nozzle protection component
310: insertion space 320: exposing hole
400: mounting component

Claims (2)

1. An air circulating ceramic nozzle device for a fluidized bed boiler, comprising:
an air supply pipe (100) for supplying air in a state of being communicated with a fluidized bed combustion furnace (10) of the fluidized bed boiler;
an air injection nozzle (200) for injecting air supplied from an air supply pipe (100) into the fluidized bed combustion furnace (10); and
a nozzle protection member (300) which is provided in the state of the air injection nozzle (200) and protects the air injection nozzle (200) under the collision of the solid fuel burned in the fluidized bed combustion furnace (10) or the fluidized sand for heat transfer,
the air supply pipe (100) includes:
an outer pipe (110) having one end inserted into the air passage (210) of the air injection nozzle (200) and having a discharge hole (111) formed therein, the discharge hole penetrating from the one end to the side and allowing the air supplied to the air injection nozzle (200) to flow therethrough; and
an inner pipe (120) which is inserted into the outer pipe (110) and is provided with one end cut off to one end of the outer pipe (110) to supply air supplied from the outside to the air injection nozzle (200),
the air injection nozzle (200) is formed with:
an air passage (210) through which air supplied from the air supply pipe (100) can flow while one end of the air supply pipe (100) is inserted; and
in order to inject the air flowing through the air channel (210) to the outside, the air passes through the air channel (210) to the side injection hole (220).
2. The air-circulating ceramic nozzle device for a fluidized-bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein:
the discharge hole (111) is smaller than the injection hole (220) of the air injection nozzle (200).
CN201910332329.0A 2018-04-25 2019-04-24 Air circulation nozzle device for fluidized bed boiler Active CN110397915B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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KR1020180048059A KR101921254B1 (en) 2018-04-25 2018-04-25 Air Circulation Nozzle Device for Fluidized Bed Combustor
KR10-2018-0048059 2018-04-25

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CN110397915B true CN110397915B (en) 2020-11-06

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