CN110397026A - A construction method and construction structure for pile foundations of bridges adjacent to existing lines - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a construction method and a construction structure for a bridge pile foundation near an existing line. The construction structure includes a pile hole, a lock is provided on the top of the pile hole, an air compressor is provided on one side of the lock, and an air compressor is provided on the other. There is a slagging machine on the side, and the front side of the slag machine is extended to the lock with a pulley block. The inside of the slag machine is provided with a steel wire rope. The lower end of the lock mouth is extended, and the bottom end of the steel wire rope is connected with a bucket; the inside of the pile hole is provided with a multi-section steel casing, and the top of the uppermost steel casing is welded with a casing positioning steel plate, and the steel casing The positioning steel plate is fixed on the lock through the casing. The invention adopts the construction technology combining manual digging and water mill drilling, and adopts steel casing to follow up during construction, which can effectively protect the safety of the existing road foundation, and the pile hole is always in an anhydrous dry environment during the whole construction process. It avoids the existing line base from being soaked in water and has strong practicability.

Description

A construction method and construction structure for pile foundations of bridges adjacent to existing lines

technical field

The invention relates to the field of bridge pile foundation construction methods, in particular to a construction method and construction structure of bridge pile foundations adjacent to existing lines.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's national economy, the density of expressway network and railway network has been continuously increased, and the resources of transportation channels have become increasingly scarce, and the crossing between various transportation modes has gradually increased. The over-span bridges and under-pass tunnels are mainly used for the three-dimensional intersection between multiple lines. When the bridge structure is used to over-span the existing line, the construction method of the bridge pile foundation is particularly important. Choose an appropriate construction method to avoid conflicts between the construction safety area of new bridges and existing traffic roads (expressways, railways, etc.) equipment and safe operation.

The current construction method of manual excavation piles is mainly the blasting method, which has many disadvantages: due to many unstable factors during blasting, it is easy to cause damage to the hole wall, and it is easy to cause irregular hole formation, resulting in a large number of concrete oversquares ; and the blasting construction noise is relatively large, which has a great impact on the surrounding environment and relatively poor safety. The construction technology of bored piles, for example, uses large mechanical equipment (rotary drilling rigs, impact drills, etc.) in the construction process. Although the safety is relatively high and the construction speed is fast, the equipment is too large and the transfer process is difficult, especially in small and complex construction sites. The operation is very inconvenient; the construction noise is loud, there are many pollutants, and a large amount of dust is generated. In daily practice, the method of using water mill drilling combined with manual digging to remove slag is not only convenient for construction and operation, occupies a small space, and has little impact on the external environment, it can also solve the problem with a shorter construction period, lower cost, and better results. Manual excavation pile construction operation under complex geological conditions and limited working surface.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned construction methods, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method and construction structure for bridge pile foundations adjacent to existing lines, which does not require the use of mud and does not affect the operation of existing lines.

For this reason, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A bridge pile foundation construction method adjacent to an existing road foundation, comprising the following steps:

S1. Measure and locate the pile hole location, and construct locks on both sides of the pile hole;

S2. Install the slag-discharging tool, and set the counterweight in the slag-discharging tool;

S3. After the pile position line of the pile hole is determined, excavate and cover the soil layer by layer from top to bottom, first excavate the middle part of the soil, and then expand to the periphery. The excavation section size should be controlled according to the outer diameter of the steel casing;

S4. After each section of pile hole is excavated, set up a section of steel casing in time to follow up;

S5. After the pile hole is excavated to the moderately weathered rock formation, use a hydraulic drill to continue digging;

S6. After the water mill drilling is completed, the pile holes are corrected and the next cycle of construction starts.

Further, in the step S1, the lock mouth adopts a concrete structure, and should be 30cm above the ground; the top of the lock mouth is provided with a steel plate spacer, which is used to bear the load transmitted by the positioning steel plate to the retaining wall when the casing follows up, and prevents the casing from The follow-up process destroys the lock.

Further, in the step S3, picks and shovels should be used to excavate the upper layer of covering soil, and when the hard soil layer is encountered, it should be broken with brazing. According to the geological conditions, the excavation height of each section is generally 1.0m.

Further, in the step S4, when the first steel casing is lowered, the casing positioning steel plate is welded on the top of the steel casing, and the steel casing is fixed on the lock by the positioning steel plate; then continue excavation, and the excavation completes the second After the section, use the crane to lift the second steel casing first, then weld it to the first steel casing, remove the casing positioning steel plate on the top of the first steel casing, and slowly sink the first steel casing by the crane to the bottom of the pile hole; weld the casing positioning steel plate on the second steel casing, and place the casing positioning steel plate on the lock to prevent the steel casing from falling during the excavation process, and then continue to excavate, and so on until The laying of the steel casing is completed.

Further, the step S5 includes S501. Coring around the pile hole: the water mill drills the hole around the pile hole, first arranges the coring points along the inner wall of the pile hole, so that the coring circle is tangent to the inner wall of the lock, and then sequentially The outer peripheral core is drilled down at a camber angle of 3~5°, and after the outer peripheral core is taken, the middle rock mass forms a ring-shaped free surface;

S502. Pile core drilling: After the drilling and coring construction is completed, use a hand drill to drill holes in the rock mass, and then divide the pile core rock into 6 or 8 equal parts to facilitate rock mass rupture;

S503. Pile core decomposition: insert steel wedges into the holes drilled by the electric hand drill, and hit the steel wedges to split the rock mass in turn until the pile core rock mass of this layer is completely broken;

S504. Drilling core transport: while the water milling drill is in progress, the drill cores are transported out. The drill cores are transported from one side of the pile hole, and the hoist is used to lift the bucket to the lock of the pile hole. Dump the stones in the bucket into the slag discharge hopper and transport them to the designated waste slag yard.

A construction structure for pile foundations of bridges adjacent to existing lines, comprising pile holes, lock openings are provided on both sides of the top of the pile hole, an air compressor is provided on one side of the lock opening, and an air compressor is provided on the other side of the lock opening. Slagging equipment, the front side of the slag extracting equipment is extended to the lock opening with a pulley block, and the inside of the slag extracting equipment is provided with a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope passes through the top of the slag extracting equipment and goes around the pulley block to lock vertically. Extending below the mouth, the bottom end of the wire rope is fixedly connected with a bucket;

The inside of the pile hole is provided with multiple steel casings, and the top of the uppermost steel casing is welded with a casing positioning steel plate, and the steel casing is fixed on the lock through the casing positioning steel plate, and the top of the locking is set There are steel plate spacers.

Further, the slag removing machine includes a bracket, and a hoist placed in the bracket, and the hoist is connected with the wire rope for retracting and retracting the wire rope.

Further, a counterweight is also arranged in the bracket.

Further, the slag removing machine is also connected with pumping equipment extending into the pile hole.

Further, the slag extractor is also connected with lighting equipment extending into the pile hole.

Further, the bottom inner wall of the pile hole is provided with a concrete retaining wall.

The advantages of the present invention are:

The invention adopts the construction method followed by the steel casing, which can effectively protect the safety of the existing road foundation, and the pile hole is always in an anhydrous dry environment during the whole construction process, avoiding the existing road foundation from being soaked in water, and has strong practicability; and the construction process Not only can piles be formed in hard rock formations without blasting, it can effectively avoid the damage to the hole wall of the hole-digging pile due to blasting, thereby avoiding the risk of hole collapse; it is also very environmentally friendly, does not generate too much pollutants, and has low noise , Small vibration and disturbance to surrounding buildings, reducing the impact of construction activities on the environment; and has the characteristics of good adaptability to geological conditions, strong stability, and high safety.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the overall elevation layout drawing of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a construction schematic diagram of steel casing extension.

Instructions for marks in the figure:

1. Slagging equipment; 2. Counterweight; 3. Air compressor; 4. Lock; 5. Steel casing; 6. Concrete wall; 7. Pumping equipment; 8. Lighting equipment; 9. Casing positioning steel plate ; 10, bucket; 11, wire rope; 12, winch; 13, pulley block.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention will be illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and are not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for the purpose of exhaustively and completely disclosing the present invention. invention and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terms used in the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings do not limit the present invention. In the figures, the same units/elements are given the same reference numerals.

Unless otherwise stated, the terms (including scientific and technical terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, it can be understood that terms defined by commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have consistent meanings in the context of their related fields, and should not be understood as idealized or overly formal meanings.

Implementation Mode 1

A bridge pile foundation construction method adjacent to an existing road foundation, comprising the following steps:

S1. According to the existing lines around the construction site, measure and locate the pile hole location, and construct concrete locks 4 on both sides of the pile hole;

S2. Install the slagging machine tool 1, level and harden the site where the slag machine tool 1 is installed, and set the counterweight 2 in the slag machine tool 1;

S3. After the pile position line of the pile hole 14 is determined, excavate and cover the soil layer by layer from top to bottom, first dig the middle part of the soil, and then expand to the surrounding area. The excavation section size should be based on the outer diameter of the steel casing 5 control;

S4. Every time a section of pile hole 14 is excavated, a section of steel casing 5 is set up in time to follow up;

S5. After the pile hole 14 is excavated to the moderately weathered rock formation, use a hydraulic drill to continue digging;

S6. After the water mill drilling is completed, the pile hole 14 is corrected and the next cycle of construction is started.

In summary, the present invention adopts the construction technology combining manual digging and water mill drilling to effectively avoid the risk of hole collapse; at the same time, no mud is needed during construction, which will not affect the operation of existing lines and will not cause Too many pollutants, low noise, little vibration and disturbance to surrounding buildings, reducing the impact of construction activities on the environment; and it has the characteristics of good adaptability to geological conditions, strong stability, and high safety.

Implementation mode two

On the basis of Example 1, further, in step S1, the locking port 4 adopts a concrete structure, and should be 30 cm above the ground; the top of the locking port 4 is provided with a steel plate pad, which is used to bear the casing when the steel casing 5 follows up. The load transmitted by the positioning steel plate 9 to the retaining wall prevents the steel casing from destroying the lock during the follow-up process.

Further, in step S3, after the pile position line is determined, picks and shovels are used to excavate and cover the soil layer by layer from top to bottom. In case of hard soil layer, use brazing to break it. The outer diameter of 5 is controlled; the height of each excavation section should be based on the geological conditions, and the excavation height of each section is generally 1.0m; the earthwork in the middle part is excavated first, and then expanded to the surrounding area to effectively control the section size of the excavated pile hole .

Further, in step S4, when the first steel casing 5 is lowered, the casing positioning steel plate 9 is welded on the top of the steel casing 5, and the steel casing 5 is fixed on the lock through the casing positioning steel plate 9, and then the excavation of the pile foundation is continued. After the second section is excavated, the second section of steel casing is connected. When the second section of steel casing is connected, the second section of steel casing is lifted by a crane, and then welded with the first section of steel casing 5, and the first section of steel casing is removed. The casing positioning steel plate 9 at the top of the casing 5 is slowly lowered to the bottom of the hole by a crane; the casing positioning steel plate 9 is welded on the second steel casing, and the casing positioning steel plate 9 is placed on the lock mouth to prevent the steel casing 5 from falling during the excavation process, and then continue to excavate, so that the cycle is completed until the steel casing 5 is buried.

Implementation Mode Three

Further, step S5 specifically includes, S501. Coring around the pile hole: the water mill drills holes along the periphery of the pile hole 14, and first arranges coring points along the inner wall of the pile hole 14, so that the coring circle is tangent to the inner wall of the lock opening 4 When drilling, incline 3~5 degrees to the outside of the wellbore, reserve the size of the drilling tool to ensure that the pile diameter remains unchanged during circular construction, and then drill the outer peripheral cores in sequence. After the outer peripheral cores are taken, the intermediate rock mass will form circular free surface;

S502. Pile core drilling: After the drilling and coring construction is completed, use a hand drill to drill holes in the rock mass, and then divide the pile core rock into 6 or 8 equal parts. The specific equal parts are adjusted according to the size of the pile diameter, which is convenient rock mass fracture;

S503. Pile core decomposition: insert steel wedges into the holes drilled by the electric hand drill, and hit the steel wedges to split the rock mass in turn until the pile core rock mass of this layer is completely broken;

S504. Drilling core transport: while the water mill drilling is in progress, the drill core is transported out. The drill core is transported from the side of the pile hole 14, and the hoist 12 is used to lift the bucket 10 to the lock of the pile hole 14. 4. Rotate the winch 12 and dump the stones in the bucket 10 into the slag discharge hopper, and transport them to the designated waste slag yard. After the stones are cleaned, continue the next round of drilling and coring, crushing and transporting out.

Since the hole wall of the pile foundation is serrated after the core is drilled with water mill, in order to ensure that the effective pile diameter is consistent with the designed pile diameter, the rock serrations that occupy the space of the pile foundation should be knocked out. Therefore, further, step S6 includes marking the center of the designed pile in the pile hole through the locking pile, checking the deviation of the bottom of the pile foundation and correcting the deviation in time, and marking the coring position of the next cycle of the peripheral water mill drill hole, and entering The pile digging construction of the next cycle.

Implementation Mode Four

As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of construction structure of bridge pile foundation near the existing line includes pile hole 14, the top two sides of described pile hole 14 are provided with lock 4, and one side of described lock 4 is provided with air pressure machine 3, the other side of the lock 4 is provided with a slagging machine 1, the front side of the slag machine 1 extends to the lock with a pulley block 13, the inside of the slag machine 1 is provided with a steel wire rope 11, the The steel wire rope 11 passes through the top of the slag discharge machine 1 and extends vertically to the bottom of the lock 4 after bypassing the pulley block 13, and the bottom end of the steel wire rope 11 is fixedly connected with a bucket 10;

As shown in Figure 2, the inside of the pile hole 14 is provided with multiple steel casings 5, and the top of the uppermost steel casing 5 is welded with a casing positioning steel plate 9, and the steel casing 5 is positioned through the casing positioning steel plate 9 It is fixed on the lock port 4, and the top of the lock port 4 is provided with a steel plate spacer.

The bottom inner wall of the pile hole 14 is provided with a concrete retaining wall 6 .

The construction structure equipment of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and adaptable to the site

Good, it occupies a small space and can be applied in complex and limited construction areas; during the construction process, not only can piles be formed in hard rock formations without blasting, but it can also effectively avoid damage to the hole wall of the excavated pile due to blasting, thereby avoiding hole collapse risk; and it is very environmentally friendly, will not produce too much pollutants, has low noise, little vibration and disturbance to surrounding buildings, and reduces the impact of construction activities on the environment

It has the characteristics of good adaptability to geological conditions, strong stability, and high safety, and is especially suitable for the construction of pile foundations in extra-hard rock layers that are close to residential buildings and existing bridges; all components of the device can fully play their roles. The stages are connected smoothly and can be operated continuously, improving the efficiency of on-site construction.

Implementation Mode Five

Further, the slagging machine 1 includes a bracket, and a hoist 12 placed in the bracket, the hoist 12 is connected to the steel wire rope 11 for retracting the wire rope 11, and the hoist 12 can rotate to avoid following up with the steel casing Interference occurs between constructions; a counterweight 2 is also arranged in the support, and the support preferably has a triangular structure.

Further, the slagging machine 1 is also connected with a lighting device 8 extending into the pile hole 14. The lighting device 8 includes a lighting lamp and a lighting cable. The lighting lamp adopts a safety miner's lamp or a safety lamp below 36V. Lighting cables are waterproof insulated cables.

Further, the slag removing machine 1 is also connected with a pumping device 7 extending into the pile hole 14 . The pumping equipment 7 includes a water pump positioned at the bottom of the pile hole 14, and a water pipe connected to the water pump and extending out of the pile hole 14. If there is water seepage in the pile hole, the pumping equipment can be used to drain it in time, thereby ensuring that the whole process of construction The pile hole is always in an anhydrous and dry environment, thereby avoiding the existing line foundation from being soaked in water, and has strong practicability.

Claims (10)

1. a bridge pile foundation construction method near existing road foundation, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: S1. Measure and locate the location of the pile hole (14), and construct locks (4) on both sides of the pile hole (14); S2. Install the slagging tool (1), and set the counterweight (2) in the slag tool (1); S3. After the pile position line of the pile hole (14) is determined, excavate and cover the soil layer by layer from top to bottom, first dig the middle part of the soil, and then expand to the surrounding area. The excavation section size should be according to the steel casing (5) The outer diameter is controlled; S4. After each section of pile hole (14) is excavated, set up a section of steel casing (5) in time to follow up; S5. After the pile hole (14) is excavated to the moderately weathered rock formation, use a hydraulic drill to continue digging; S6. After the water mill drilling is completed, the pile hole (14) is corrected and the construction of the next cycle is started. 2. A kind of bridge pile foundation construction method close to existing road foundation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step S3, adopt pickaxe, shovel to carry out when excavating and covering soil, meet hard soil layer, use The brazing is broken; the excavation section size is determined by the outer diameter of the steel casing (5), and the height of each excavation section is 0.8~1.5m. 3. A bridge pile foundation construction method close to the existing road foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, when the first steel casing (5) is lowered, the steel casing (5) The top of the casing is welded with the positioning steel plate (9), and the steel casing (5) is fixed on the lock (4) through the positioning steel plate; then continue to excavate, after the second section is excavated, use the crane to lift the second section of steel Casing (5), then weld it with the first steel casing (5), and remove the casing positioning steel plate (9) on the top of the first steel casing (5), and move the first steel casing (5) by a crane ) slowly sinks to the bottom of the pile hole (14); weld the casing positioning steel plate (9) on the second steel casing (5), and place the casing positioning steel plate (9) on the lock (4) To prevent the steel casing (5) from falling during the excavation process, and then continue to excavate, so that the cycle is completed until the steel casing (5) is buried. 4. A kind of bridge pile foundation construction method adjacent to existing road foundation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step S5 comprises S501. Coring around the pile hole: drill holes around the pile hole (14) with a water mill, first arrange coring points along the inner wall of the pile hole (14), so that the coring circle is tangent to the inner wall of the lock (4), and then Drill down the outer peripheral cores at a camber angle of 3~5° in turn. After the outer peripheral cores are taken, the middle rock mass will form a ring-shaped free surface; S502. Pile core drilling: After the drilling and coring construction is completed, use a hand drill to drill holes in the rock mass, and then divide the pile core rock into 6 or 8 equal parts to facilitate rock mass rupture; S503. Pile core decomposition: insert steel wedges into the holes drilled by the electric hand drill, and hit the steel wedges to split the rock mass in turn until the pile core rock mass of this layer is completely broken; S504. Drilling core transportation: while the water mill drilling is being carried out, the drill cores taken out are transported to the outside. The drilling cores are transported from the side of the pile hole (14), and the hoist (12) is used to lift the bucket (10) to the Lock mouth (4) of pile hole (14), rotate winch (12) and dump the stone in the bucket (10) into the slag discharge hopper, and transport to the designated waste slag yard. 5. A construction structure for pile foundations of bridges adjacent to existing lines, characterized in that: it includes pile holes (14), and locks (4) are provided on both sides of the top of the pile holes (14), and the locks (4 ) is provided with an air compressor (3), and the other side of the lock (4) is provided with a slag discharge tool (1), and the front side of the slag discharge tool (1) is provided with a pulley block ( 13), the inside of the slagging machine (1) is provided with a steel wire rope (11), and the steel wire rope (11) passes through the top of the slag machine (1) and goes around the pulley block (13) vertically to the lock ( 4) extends below, and the bottom end of the wire rope (11) is fixedly connected with a bucket (10); The inside of the pile hole (14) is provided with multiple steel casings (5), and the top of the uppermost steel casing (5) is welded with a casing positioning steel plate (9), and the steel casing (5) passes through the casing The barrel positioning steel plate (9) is fixed on the locking opening (4), and the top of the locking opening (4) is provided with a steel plate pad. 6. The construction structure of a bridge pile foundation near an existing line according to claim 5, characterized in that: the slag removal machine (1) includes a bracket, and a hoist (12) placed in the bracket, and the hoist (12) is connected with steel wire rope (11), is used for retracting steel wire rope (11). 7. The construction structure of a bridge pile foundation adjacent to an existing line according to claim 6, characterized in that: a counterweight (2) is also arranged in the support. 8. A construction structure for pile foundations of bridges adjacent to existing lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: the slag removal machine (1) is also connected with a pumping device (7) extending into the pile hole (14) ). 9. A construction structure for pile foundations of bridges adjacent to existing lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: the slag removal machine (1) is also connected with lighting equipment (8) extending into the pile hole (14) ). 10. The construction structure of a bridge pile foundation near an existing line according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bottom inner wall of the pile hole (14) is provided with a concrete retaining wall (6).