CN110374702A - A kind of biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system of water-storage regulation - Google Patents
A kind of biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system of water-storage regulation Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0035—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for domestic or space heating, e.g. heating radiators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/50—Hydropower in dwellings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种抽水蓄能调控的生物质有机朗肯循环发电系统，包括生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统、有机朗肯循环发电子系统和抽水蓄能调控子系统，生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统通过蒸发器与有机朗肯循环发电子系统耦合，有机朗肯循环发电子系统与抽水蓄能调控子系统耦合，将有机朗肯循环发电子系统产生的电能既能供给生活和工业用电，也能将多余的电量利用抽水蓄能。本发明所设计的系统在运用燃烧生物质进行取暖或集中供热过程中，通过增加有机朗肯循环发电系统和抽水蓄能调控子系统能够更有效地实现能源的利用。
The invention discloses a biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system controlled by pumped storage energy, which includes a biomass direct-fired hot water boiler subsystem, an organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system and a pumped-storage control subsystem. The hot water boiler subsystem is coupled with the organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system through the evaporator, and the organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system is coupled with the pumped storage control subsystem, so that the electric energy generated by the organic Rankine cycle power generation For industrial electricity consumption, excess electricity can also be used for pumped storage. In the system designed by the present invention, in the process of burning biomass for heating or central heating, by adding an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and a pumped storage control subsystem, energy utilization can be realized more effectively.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于有机朗肯循环发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种抽水蓄能调控的生物质有机朗肯循环发电系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of organic Rankine cycle power generation, in particular to a biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system controlled by pumped storage energy.
背景技术Background technique
生物质能源因其具有资源丰富、可再生、低污染等优点,使得其在人类生活和社会活动中的利用价值不断提高。据报道,生物质能已上升为仅次于化石能源煤、石油和天然气之后的第四位能源。我国拥有丰富的生物质能资源，特别是华北、华中、东北等地区。据测算，我国理论生物质能资源为50亿吨左右标准煤，是目前中国总能耗的4倍左右。在可回收的条件下，中国目前可利用的生物质能资源主要包括农作物秸秆、薪柴、生活垃圾、微藻等。Because of its rich resources, renewable, low pollution and other advantages, the utilization value of biomass energy in human life and social activities continues to increase. According to reports, biomass energy has risen to be the fourth energy after fossil energy coal, oil and natural gas. my country has abundant biomass resources, especially in North China, Central China, and Northeast China. According to estimates, my country's theoretical biomass energy resources are about 5 billion tons of standard coal, which is about four times the current total energy consumption in China. Under the condition of recyclability, the currently available biomass resources in China mainly include crop straw, firewood, domestic garbage, microalgae, etc.
据统计，中国多数县城受人口规模、建筑面积等条件限制，不具备建设大型燃煤燃气热电联产项目的条件，多采用分散燃煤小锅炉供热，大气污染较为严重。生物质能供热是破解县城清洁供热难题的有效途径。生物质能供热项目规模不大，特别适合于县城民用集中供热。According to statistics, most counties in China do not have the conditions to build large-scale coal-fired gas-fired heat and power cogeneration projects due to restrictions such as population size and building area. Most of them use scattered coal-fired small boilers for heating, and the air pollution is relatively serious. Biomass energy heating is an effective way to solve the problem of clean heating in the county. The biomass energy heating project is not large in scale, and is especially suitable for civil centralized heating in county towns.
在目前的生物质供热项目中，大多利用单一的成型燃料锅炉供热，即将秸秆等生物质资源通过固体压缩成型技术处理后送入配套的生物质专用锅炉中燃烧，燃烧产生的高温烟气输送给用户用于生活炊事或取暖。虽然利用生物质能供热污染小，但是热量在输运过程中大量能源的损失，生物质资源不能完全利用。因此设计一种能够合理并充分利用生物质能源方法迫在眉睫。In the current biomass heating projects, most of them use a single molded fuel boiler for heating, that is, biomass resources such as straw are processed by solid compression molding technology and then sent to a supporting biomass boiler for combustion. The high-temperature flue gas produced by combustion Delivered to users for living cooking or heating. Although the use of biomass energy for heating is less polluting, but a large amount of energy is lost during heat transportation, and biomass resources cannot be fully utilized. Therefore, it is imminent to design a method that can reasonably and fully utilize biomass energy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明根据现有技术中存在的问题，提出了一种抽水蓄能调控的生物质有机朗肯循环发电系统，在运用燃烧生物质进行取暖或集中供热过程中，通过增加有机朗肯循环发电系统和抽水蓄能调控子系统能够更有效地实现能源的利用。According to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a pumped-storage regulated biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system, in the process of heating or centralized heating by burning biomass, by increasing the organic Rankine cycle power generation system The system and the pumped storage control subsystem can realize energy utilization more efficiently.
本发明所采用的技术方案如下：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
一种抽水蓄能调控的生物质有机朗肯循环发电系统，包括生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统、有机朗肯循环发电子系统和抽水蓄能调控子系统，所述生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统通过蒸发器与有机朗肯循环发电子系统耦合，所述有机朗肯循环发电子系统与抽水蓄能调控子系统耦合，将有机朗肯循环发电子系统产生的电能既能供给生活和工业用电，也能将多余的电量利用抽水蓄能。A biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system regulated by pumped storage, comprising a biomass direct-fired hot water boiler subsystem, an organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system, and a pumped storage control subsystem, the biomass direct-fired hot water The boiler subsystem is coupled with the organic rankine cycle power generation sub-system through the evaporator, and the organic rankine cycle power generation sub-system is coupled with the pumped storage control subsystem, and the electric energy generated by the organic rankine cycle power generation sub-system can be supplied to the living and For industrial electricity consumption, excess electricity can also be used for pumped storage.
进一步，生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统包括依次连接形成回路的生物质直燃锅炉和蒸发器；Further, the biomass direct-fired hot water boiler subsystem includes a biomass direct-fired boiler and an evaporator connected in sequence to form a loop;
进一步，在蒸发器后段增设热水换热器，用于对生活用水进行加热；Further, a hot water heat exchanger is added at the rear of the evaporator to heat domestic water;
进一步，所述有机朗肯循环发电子系统包括依次连接形成回路的蒸发器、膨胀器、冷凝器和工质泵；所述膨胀器连接发电机；Further, the organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system includes an evaporator, an expander, a condenser and a working medium pump connected in sequence to form a loop; the expander is connected to a generator;
进一步，所述抽水蓄能调控子系统包括与用户连接的供能电网和抽水蓄能设备，所述抽水蓄能设备的输入连接发电机，所述抽水蓄能设备的输出为水力发电机，所述水力发电机连接用户的供能电网。Further, the pumped storage control subsystem includes an energy supply grid connected to the user and pumped storage equipment, the input of the pumped storage equipment is connected to a generator, and the output of the pumped storage equipment is a hydroelectric generator, so The hydroelectric generator is connected to the user's energy supply grid.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
该系统一方面使用生物质供热有效利用了生物质资源，对替代部分化石能源，保护生态环境，实现再生资源的有效利用意义重大。另一方面结合有机朗肯循环，避免了燃烧生物质进行取暖或集中供热造成的大量能源的损失。此外，将多余的电量利用抽水蓄能进行调控，可以起到调峰填谷、调频、调相、紧急事故备用等作用。On the one hand, the system uses biomass heating to effectively utilize biomass resources, which is of great significance for replacing part of fossil energy, protecting the ecological environment, and realizing the effective utilization of renewable resources. On the other hand, combined with the organic Rankine cycle, the loss of a large amount of energy caused by burning biomass for heating or central heating is avoided. In addition, using pumped storage to regulate excess power can play a role in peak and valley filling, frequency modulation, phase modulation, and emergency backup.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明抽水蓄能调控的生物质有机朗肯循环发电系统框图；1 is a block diagram of a biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system regulated by pumped storage in the present invention;
图中，1、生物质直燃锅炉，2、蒸发器，3、热水换热器，4、工质泵，5、膨胀器，6、冷凝器，7、发电机，8、抽水泵，9、水力发电机。In the figure, 1. Biomass direct-fired boiler, 2. Evaporator, 3. Hot water heat exchanger, 4. Working medium pump, 5. Expander, 6. Condenser, 7. Generator, 8. Suction pump, 9. Hydroelectric generator.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明所设计的一种抽水蓄能调控的生物质有机朗肯循环发电系统，包括生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统、有机朗肯循环发电子系统和抽水蓄能调控子系统。生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统包括依次连接形成回路的生物质直燃锅炉1、蒸发器2和热水换热器3，将农作物秸秆、薪柴等生物质压制成型输入生物质直燃锅炉1中进行燃烧，把锅炉内的水加热成水蒸气，水蒸气在蒸发器2内换热，接着在热水换热器3中将生活用水加热。换热后的水蒸气变成了液态水进入生物质直燃锅炉1，进行下一次循环。As shown in Figure 1, a biomass organic Rankine cycle power generation system designed by the present invention with pumped storage control includes a biomass direct-fired hot water boiler subsystem, an organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system, and a pumped storage control system. subsystem. The biomass direct-fired hot water boiler subsystem includes a biomass direct-fired boiler 1, an evaporator 2, and a hot water heat exchanger 3 that are sequentially connected to form a loop, and the biomass such as crop straw and firewood is pressed into the biomass direct-fired boiler Combustion in 1, the water in the boiler is heated into water vapor, and the water vapor exchanges heat in the evaporator 2, and then the domestic water is heated in the hot water heat exchanger 3. The water vapor after heat exchange becomes liquid water and enters the biomass direct-fired boiler 1 for the next cycle.
有机朗肯循环发电子系统包括依次连接形成回路的蒸发器2、膨胀器5、冷凝器6和工质泵4，且膨胀器5连接发电机7；有机朗肯循环发电子系统和生物质直燃热水锅炉子系统通过蒸发器2实现耦合。在工作循环过程中，有机朗肯循环发电子系统内的循环工质在蒸发器2内吸收水蒸气的热量后进入膨胀器5做功，膨胀器5通过转轴带动发电机7发电，所产生的电供给用户，做功后的循环工质进入冷凝器6，冷凝成液态后通过工质泵4再次泵入蒸发器2，进行下一次循环。膨胀器通过转轴带动发电机发电，所产生的电供给用户。The organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system includes an evaporator 2, an expander 5, a condenser 6 and a working medium pump 4 connected in sequence to form a loop, and the expander 5 is connected to a generator 7; the organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system and the biomass direct The hot water boiler subsystem is coupled through the evaporator 2. During the working cycle, the circulating working medium in the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem absorbs the heat of water vapor in the evaporator 2 and then enters the expander 5 to do work. The expander 5 drives the generator 7 to generate electricity through the rotating shaft, and the generated electricity Supplying the user, the circulating working medium after doing work enters the condenser 6, and after being condensed into a liquid state, it is pumped into the evaporator 2 again through the working medium pump 4 for the next cycle. The expander drives the generator to generate electricity through the rotating shaft, and the generated electricity is supplied to the user.
抽水蓄能调控子系统包括与用户连接的供能电网和抽水蓄能设备，当处于电力负荷高峰期，有机朗肯循环发电子系统发出的电量直接用于供用户或工业使用；当处于电力负荷低谷期，将多余的电量驱动抽水泵，用抽水泵将下水库里的水送到上水库，在电力负荷高峰期，有机朗肯循环发电子系统发出的电量或者多余的电量使得抽水泵8工作，将上水库水放出发电，并流入下水库中。通过水力发电机9发出来的电量再次输送给用户使用。The pumped storage control subsystem includes the energy supply grid and pumped storage equipment connected to the user. When it is in the peak period of electric load, the electricity generated by the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem is directly used for user or industrial use; During the low valley period, the excess electricity is used to drive the water pump, and the water in the lower reservoir is sent to the upper reservoir by the water pump. During the peak period of power load, the electricity generated by the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem or the excess electricity makes the water pump 8 work , release the water from the upper reservoir to generate electricity, and flow into the lower reservoir. The electricity sent by the hydroelectric generator 9 is delivered to the user again.
在现有技术中，利用生物质直燃热水锅炉1来给生活用水加热实现取暖或集中供热，但是由于内水蒸气温度很高，如果直接用于给用户生活用水加热，可能会造成大量的能量损失，因此在直燃锅炉1与热水换热器3中间添加有机朗肯循环发电子系统。这样既不会影响给用户提供热水又将过程中的能量损失利用起来发电。In the prior art, the biomass direct-fired hot water boiler 1 is used to heat domestic water for heating or centralized heating. Therefore, an organic Rankine cycle power generation sub-system is added between the direct-fired boiler 1 and the hot water heat exchanger 3. This will neither affect the provision of hot water to users nor utilize the energy loss in the process to generate electricity.
考虑到人们在用电过程中存在用电高峰期和低谷期的现象，本发明在有机朗肯循环发电子系统后设置抽水蓄能调控子系统，利用抽水蓄能主要起到调控作用，是将供给用户后多余的电量用于抽水，在用户需要大量用电时将水从高处释放，利用重力作用发电配合有机朗肯循环发电一起供用户使用。将生物质燃烧供热、有机朗肯循环发电和抽水蓄能有效地结合在一起，该系统减少了燃烧生物质供暖的过程中能量的损失，又提供电量，且能够同时调峰填谷。Considering that there are peak periods and low periods of electricity consumption in the process of people using electricity, the present invention sets up a pumped storage control subsystem after the organic rankine cycle power generation sub-system, and uses pumped storage to mainly play a role in regulation. After supplying the user, the excess electricity is used for pumping water. When the user needs a large amount of electricity, the water is released from a high place, and the gravity is used to generate power and the organic Rankine cycle power generation is used together for the user. Effectively combining biomass combustion for heating, organic Rankine cycle power generation and pumped storage, the system reduces energy loss in the process of burning biomass for heating, provides electricity, and can simultaneously adjust peaks and fill valleys.
以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的设计思想和特点，其目的在于使本领域内的技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，本发明的保护范围不限于上述实施例。所以，凡依据本发明所揭示的原理、设计思路所作的等同变化或修饰，均在本发明的保护范围之内。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design concept and characteristics of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications based on the principles and design ideas disclosed in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN115539152A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-12-30 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Power generation systems of solar energy, organic Rankine cycle, compressed air energy storage and pumped hydro storage |
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