CN110361428A - A kind of characterizing method of anodic coating steel strand wires etch state - Google Patents
A kind of characterizing method of anodic coating steel strand wires etch state Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及架空地线腐蚀程度定性评估技术领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的表征方法。The invention relates to the technical field of qualitative assessment of the corrosion degree of overhead ground wires, in particular to a method for characterizing the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands.
背景技术Background technique
架空地线是输电线路有效防范雷击和稳定运行的关键，其存在可降低架空输电线路雷电袭击损坏率。由于架空地线在输送电力方面不作用，则对导电率和导线界面要求不高，镀锌钢绞线良好的耐蚀性能使其成为我国架空地线材质的首选。然而架空地线在高温、高湿、重污秽环境下仍会发生加速腐蚀，造成巡检、维修工作量大等问题，特别是在役时间长的钢绞线其腐蚀状态难以单凭肉眼或者其他简单测量来判断。Overhead ground wires are the key to effectively prevent lightning strikes and stable operation of transmission lines, and their existence can reduce the damage rate of lightning strikes on overhead transmission lines. Since the overhead ground wire does not play a role in power transmission, the requirements for conductivity and wire interface are not high. The good corrosion resistance of galvanized steel strands makes it the first choice for the material of overhead ground wires in my country. However, overhead ground wires will still undergo accelerated corrosion in high temperature, high humidity, and heavily polluted environments, causing problems such as heavy inspection and maintenance workload, especially for steel strands that have been in service for a long time. Simple measurement to judge.
目前，评估电力架空地线的腐蚀状态主要通过人工巡线的方式进行检测，这种方式存在检测效率低，巡线周期长、评价标准主观等问题，给输电线路的安全运行留下巨大的安全隐患。因此，建立适宜架空地线腐蚀状态评价的电解质体系，形成专门的阳极性镀层钢绞线科学准确的测试方法，得到可量化评价钢绞线腐蚀状态的科学参数极为必要。形成阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态测试及量化评价方法，对保障电力系统的安全稳定运行，避免因架空地线腐蚀导致的各种电力事故有着重要的理论与工程意义。At present, the evaluation of the corrosion status of electric power overhead ground wires is mainly carried out through manual line inspection. This method has problems such as low detection efficiency, long line inspection cycle, and subjective evaluation standards, leaving a huge safety hazard for the safe operation of transmission lines. Hidden danger. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to establish an electrolyte system suitable for evaluating the corrosion state of overhead ground wires, to form a scientific and accurate test method for anodically coated steel strands, and to obtain scientific parameters that can quantify the corrosion state of steel strands. The formation of a corrosion state test and quantitative evaluation method for anodically coated steel strands has important theoretical and engineering significance for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system and avoiding various electrical accidents caused by corrosion of overhead ground wires.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的表征方法，该表征方法能高效准确的判断阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态，为在役钢绞线维修、更换提供科学依据。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for characterizing the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands. The replacement provides a scientific basis.
本发明提供了一种阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的表征方法，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a method for characterizing the corrosion state of an anodically coated steel strand, comprising the following steps:
a)分别对不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的进行电化学参数测试，根据测试结果计算出不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，并以此作为判定阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的电化学值；a) The electrochemical parameters of the anodic coating steel strands in different corrosion states are tested respectively, and the self-corrosion current density of the anodic coating steel strands in different corrosion states is calculated according to the test results, and this is used as the determination of the anodic coating Electrochemical value of steel strand corrosion state;
b)对未知腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线进行与步骤a)相同的电化学参数测试，并计算出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，将其与步骤a)中的电化学值作对比，表征出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态。B) carry out the same electrochemical parameter test as step a) to the anodic coating steel strand of unknown corrosion state, and calculate the self-corrosion current density of this anodic coating steel strand, compare it with the electric current density in step a) The chemical value is compared to characterize the corrosion state of the anodic coating steel strand.
优选的，步骤a)中所述阳极性镀层钢绞线包括单股镀锌钢绞线、多股镀锌钢绞线、单股铝包钢绞线或多股铝包钢绞线。Preferably, the anodically coated steel strands in step a) include single galvanized steel strands, multiple galvanized steel strands, single aluminum-clad steel strands or multiple aluminum-clad steel strands.
优选的，步骤a)中所述不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀程度包括无腐蚀、轻度腐蚀和重度腐蚀；根据阳极性镀层钢绞线表面腐蚀产物堆积情况来判断，具体为：Preferably, the corrosion degree of the anodic coated steel strands in different corrosion states described in step a) includes no corrosion, mild corrosion and severe corrosion; it is judged according to the accumulation of corrosion products on the surface of the anodic coated steel strands, specifically :
无或微量腐蚀产物的阳极性镀层钢绞线为无腐蚀程度；Anodized coated steel strands with no or slight corrosion products are non-corroded;
少量腐蚀产物并伴有红色点蚀锈状出现的阳极性镀层钢绞线为轻度腐蚀；Anodized coated steel strands with a small amount of corrosion products accompanied by red pitting rust are mildly corroded;
大量腐蚀产物、颜色呈深红色并出现整片锈蚀状的阳极性镀层钢绞线为重度腐蚀。Anodized coated steel strands with a large number of corrosion products, dark red color and a whole piece of rust appear as severe corrosion.
优选的，步骤a)中所述电化学参数测试采用三电极系统，通过电化学工作站进行测试；Preferably, the electrochemical parameter test described in step a) adopts a three-electrode system and is tested by an electrochemical workstation;
所述三电极系统以阳极性镀层钢绞线为工作电极。The three-electrode system uses anodically coated steel strands as working electrodes.
优选的，所述三电极系统包括：Preferably, the three-electrode system includes:
电解质溶液；a;
分别设置在所述电解质溶液中相互不接触的工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极；A working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode that are not in contact with each other are respectively arranged in the electrolyte solution;
所述电解质溶液选自含咪唑啉的质量分数为3.5％的氯化钠溶液、含咪唑啉的饱和硫酸钠溶液或含咪唑啉的饱和氯化钾溶液；The electrolyte solution is selected from a sodium chloride solution containing imidazoline with a mass fraction of 3.5%, a saturated sodium sulfate solution containing imidazoline or a saturated potassium chloride solution containing imidazoline;
所述辅助电极为铂网；The auxiliary electrode is a platinum mesh;
所述参比电极为Ag/AgCl电极。The reference electrode is an Ag/AgCl electrode.
优选的，所述通过电化学工作站进行测试的过程具体为：Preferably, the process of testing by the electrochemical workstation is specifically:
将三电极系统用导线连接电化学工作站，使用TAFEL-TafelPlot方法进行测试，得到Tafel曲线；其中，电化学参数初始电位为-10.0V～+10.0V，终止电位为-10.0V～+10.0V，扫描速度为0.0001V/s～50V/s，等待时间为0s～6000s。Connect the three-electrode system to the electrochemical workstation with wires, and use the TAFEL-TafelPlot method to test to obtain the Tafel curve; among them, the initial potential of the electrochemical parameters is -10.0V～+10.0V, and the termination potential is -10.0V～+10.0V, The scanning speed is 0.0001V/s~50V/s, and the waiting time is 0s~6000s.
优选的，计算自腐蚀电流密度的过程具体为：Preferably, the process of calculating the self-corrosion current density is specifically:
根据Tafel曲线画出Tafel阳极极化曲线与阴极极化曲线直线区，并延长两直线交于一点，该点对应的电流为金属腐蚀达到稳定状态的电流，得到自腐蚀电流密度。According to the Tafel curve, draw the straight line area of the Tafel anodic polarization curve and the cathodic polarization curve, and extend the two straight lines to intersect at a point. The current corresponding to this point is the current at which the metal corrosion reaches a stable state, and the self-corrosion current density is obtained.
优选的，步骤a)中所述自腐蚀电流密度为平均自腐蚀电流密度；通过对每种腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线设置多组样本获得多个对应的自腐蚀电流密度，从而计算得到平均自腐蚀电流密度。Preferably, the self-corrosion current density described in step a) is the average self-corrosion current density; multiple sets of samples are set for the anodically coated steel strands of each corrosion state to obtain a plurality of corresponding self-corrosion current densities, thereby calculating Average self-corrosion current density.
优选的，所述进行电化学参数测试前，还包括：Preferably, before performing the electrochemical parameter test, it also includes:
对阳极性镀层钢绞线进行预处理；Pretreatment of anodized coated steel strands;
所述预处理的过程具体为：The process of the pretreatment is specifically:
软刷清理阳极性镀层钢绞线的表面污物，然后置于脱脂溶液中超声除油，再冷风干燥；测试前，封住阳极性镀层钢绞线的截面。Use a soft brush to clean the surface dirt of the anodic coated steel strand, then put it in a degreasing solution for ultrasonic degreasing, and then dry it with cold air; before testing, seal the cross section of the anodic coated steel strand.
优选的，还包括：Preferably, it also includes:
对电化学参数测试后的阳极性镀层钢绞线进行后处理；After-treatment of the anodic coated steel strand after the electrochemical parameter test;
所述后处理的过程采用绿色、生物型防护溶液；所述绿色、生物型防护溶液为包括麦冬草、地果和肾蕨提取物中的一种或多种的水溶液。The post-treatment process adopts a green, biological protective solution; the green, biological protective solution is an aqueous solution including one or more of the extracts of Ophiopogon japonicus, Digo and Nephrina.
本发明提供了一种阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的表征方法，包括以下步骤：a)分别对不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的进行电化学参数测试，根据测试结果计算出不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，并以此作为判定阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的电化学值；b)对未知腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线进行与步骤a)相同的电化学参数测试，并计算出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，将其与步骤a)中的电化学值作对比，表征出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态。该表征方法能够科学量化评价阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态，有效提高对在役架空地线剩余寿命的估计，从而有效避免了传统镀层钢绞线人工巡检中工作量大、电解质昂贵、污染严重、主观判断差异明显等问题，具有精准可靠、测试简便、高效、人工成本低、经济环保、易于推广应用的优点，为在役钢绞线维修、更换提供科学依据，在预防在役钢绞线出现严重恶化腐蚀方面提供重要参考。The invention provides a method for characterizing the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands, comprising the following steps: a) respectively performing electrochemical parameter tests on anodically coated steel strands in different corrosion states, and calculating different corrosion states according to the test results. The self-corrosion current density of the anodic coating steel strand of state, and judge the electrochemical value of the corrosion state of anodic coating steel strand as this; b) carry out and step a) to the anodic coating steel strand of unknown corrosion state The same electrochemical parameters are tested, and the self-corrosion current density of the anodic coated steel strand is calculated, and compared with the electrochemical value in step a), to characterize the corrosion state of the anodic coated steel strand. This characterization method can scientifically and quantitatively evaluate the corrosion state of anodic coated steel strands, and effectively improve the estimation of the remaining life of overhead ground wires in service, thereby effectively avoiding the heavy workload, expensive electrolyte, and Serious pollution, obvious differences in subjective judgments, etc., have the advantages of accuracy and reliability, simple testing, high efficiency, low labor costs, economical and environmental protection, and easy promotion and application. Provides an important reference for severe deterioration of stranded wires.
此外，本发明提供的表征方法采用环保、高效型电解质溶液，在此基础上选择适合的电极系统及测试方法，科学客观，能有效提高阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态评价准确性和可靠性。In addition, the characterization method provided by the present invention adopts an environmentally friendly and efficient electrolyte solution. On this basis, a suitable electrode system and test method are selected, which is scientific and objective, and can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands.
另外，本发明提供的表征方法还可以使用绿色、生物型防护溶液后处理阳极性镀层钢绞线，为架空地线安全运行提供保障。In addition, the characterization method provided by the present invention can also use the green and biological protective solution to post-treat the anodic plated steel strand, so as to provide guarantee for the safe operation of the overhead ground wire.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例提供的三电极体系及其与电化学工作站的连接关系的示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-electrode system provided by an embodiment of the present invention and its connection relationship with an electrochemical workstation;
图2为本发明实施例1中不同腐蚀状态单股阳极性镀层钢绞线Tafel曲线图；Fig. 2 is the Tafel curve diagram of single-strand anodic coating steel strand in different corrosion state in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例2中不同腐蚀状态多股阳极性镀层钢绞线Tafel曲线图。Fig. 3 is a Tafel curve diagram of multi-strand anodically coated steel strands in different corrosion states in Example 2 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明提供了一种阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的表征方法，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a method for characterizing the corrosion state of an anodically coated steel strand, comprising the following steps:
a)分别对不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的进行电化学参数测试，根据测试结果计算出不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，并以此作为判定阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的电化学值；a) The electrochemical parameters of the anodic coating steel strands in different corrosion states are tested respectively, and the self-corrosion current density of the anodic coating steel strands in different corrosion states is calculated according to the test results, and this is used as the determination of the anodic coating Electrochemical value of steel strand corrosion state;
b)对未知腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线进行与步骤a)相同的电化学参数测试，并计算出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，将其与步骤a)中的电化学值作对比，表征出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态。B) carry out the same electrochemical parameter test as step a) to the anodic coating steel strand of unknown corrosion state, and calculate the self-corrosion current density of this anodic coating steel strand, compare it with the electric current density in step a) The chemical value is compared to characterize the corrosion state of the anodic coating steel strand.
本发明首先分别对不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的进行电化学参数测试，根据测试结果计算出不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，并以此作为判定阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的电化学值。在本发明中，所述阳极性镀层钢绞线优选包括单股镀锌钢绞线、多股镀锌钢绞线、单股铝包钢绞线或多股铝包钢绞线，更优选为单股镀锌钢绞线或多股镀锌钢绞线。本发明优选采用工具截取的方式获得用于进行电化学参数测试的阳极性镀层钢绞线；所述工具优选为本领域技术人员熟知的切割机；所述截取的长度优选为5cm～20cm，更优选为15cm。The present invention first carries out the electrochemical parameter test to the anodic coating steel strand of different corrosion state respectively, calculates the self-corrosion current density of the anodic coating steel strand of different corrosion state according to the test result, and uses this as judging anodicity Electrochemical values of the corrosion state of coated steel strands. In the present invention, the anodically coated steel strand preferably includes a single galvanized steel strand, multiple galvanized steel strands, a single aluminum-clad steel strand or multiple aluminum-clad steel strands, more preferably Single galvanized steel strand or multi-strand galvanized steel strand. The present invention preferably adopts the mode of tool cutting to obtain the anodic coating steel strand for carrying out the electrochemical parameter test; The tool is preferably a cutting machine well known to those skilled in the art; The length of the cutting is preferably 5cm～20cm, more preferably Preferably 15 cm.
在本发明中，所述不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀程度优选包括无腐蚀、轻度腐蚀和重度腐蚀；所述不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀程度根据阳极性镀层钢绞线表面腐蚀产物堆积情况来判断，优选具体为：In the present invention, the corrosion degree of the anodic coated steel strands in different corrosion states preferably includes no corrosion, slight corrosion and severe corrosion; Judging by the accumulation of corrosion products on the surface of the coated steel strand, the preferred details are:
无或微量腐蚀产物的阳极性镀层钢绞线为无腐蚀程度；Anodized coated steel strands with no or slight corrosion products are non-corroded;
少量腐蚀产物并伴有红色点蚀锈状出现的阳极性镀层钢绞线为轻度腐蚀；Anodized coated steel strands with a small amount of corrosion products accompanied by red pitting rust are mildly corroded;
大量腐蚀产物、颜色呈深红色并出现整片锈蚀状的阳极性镀层钢绞线为重度腐蚀。Anodized coated steel strands with a large number of corrosion products, dark red color and a whole piece of rust appear as severe corrosion.
本发明优选对每种腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线设置多组样本，从而通过对多组样本测试后取平均值，保证测试准确、可靠。In the present invention, multiple groups of samples are preferably set for the anodic coating steel strands in each corrosion state, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test by taking the average value after testing the multiple groups of samples.
在本发明中，所述进行电化学参数测试前，优选还包括：In the present invention, before performing the electrochemical parameter test, it preferably also includes:
对阳极性镀层钢绞线进行预处理。在本发明中，所述预处理的过程优选具体为：Pretreatment of anodically coated steel strands. In the present invention, the process of the pretreatment is preferably specifically:
软刷清理阳极性镀层钢绞线的表面污物，然后置于脱脂溶液中超声除油，再冷风干燥；测试前，封住阳极性镀层钢绞线的截面；Use a soft brush to clean the surface dirt of the anodic coated steel strand, then place it in a degreasing solution for ultrasonic degreasing, and then dry it with cold air; before testing, seal the cross section of the anodic coated steel strand;
更优选为：More preferably:
软刷在流动水中轻刷，清理阳极性镀层钢绞线的表面污物，然后置于脱脂溶液中超声除油5min～15min，再用吹风机冷风干燥；测试前，采用绝缘胶封住阳极性镀层钢绞线的截面。Gently brush with a soft brush in running water to clean the surface dirt of the anodic coated steel strand, then place it in a degreasing solution for ultrasonic degreasing for 5-15 minutes, and then dry it with a hair dryer in cold air; before testing, seal the anodic coating with insulating glue Cross-section of the strand.
在本发明中，所述脱脂溶液优选选自水、乙醇和丙酮中的一种或多种，更优选为水和乙醇。In the present invention, the degreasing solution is preferably one or more selected from water, ethanol and acetone, more preferably water and ethanol.
在本发明优选的实施例中，所述阳极性镀层钢绞线为多股热镀锌钢绞线，测试前，除进行上述封住阳极性镀层钢绞线的截面外，优选还包括：In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anodically coated steel strand is a multi-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strand. Before the test, in addition to the above-mentioned section of sealing the anodically coated steel strand, it preferably also includes:
采用绝缘胶带缠紧钢绞线上下小部分区域以固定多股钢绞线防止松散。Use insulating tape to tighten the upper and lower parts of the steel strand to fix the multi-strand steel strand to prevent loosening.
在本发明中，所述电化学参数测试优选采用三电极系统，通过电化学工作站进行测试；所述三电极系统优选以阳极性镀层钢绞线为工作电极。In the present invention, the electrochemical parameter test preferably adopts a three-electrode system, and the test is performed by an electrochemical workstation; the three-electrode system preferably uses an anodic coated steel strand as a working electrode.
在本发明中，所述三电极系统优选包括：In the present invention, the three-electrode system preferably includes:
电解质溶液；a;
分别设置在所述电解质溶液中相互不接触的工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极。A working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode which are not in contact with each other are respectively arranged in the electrolyte solution.
在本发明中，所述电解质溶液优选选自含咪唑啉的质量分数为3.5％的氯化钠溶液、含咪唑啉的饱和硫酸钠溶液或含咪唑啉的饱和氯化钾溶液，更优选为含咪唑啉的饱和硫酸钠溶液。在本发明优选的实施例中，所述电解质溶液为含咪唑啉的饱和硫酸钠溶液，其配置方法优选具体为：In the present invention, the electrolyte solution is preferably selected from a sodium chloride solution containing imidazoline in a mass fraction of 3.5%, a saturated sodium sulfate solution containing imidazoline or a saturated potassium chloride solution containing imidazoline, more preferably containing Saturated sodium sulfate solution of imidazoline. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte solution is a saturated sodium sulfate solution containing imidazoline, and its configuration method is preferably specifically:
配制饱和硫酸钠溶液，添加0.001mmol/L～0.01mmol/L的咪唑啉，混合均匀得到电解质溶液；Prepare a saturated sodium sulfate solution, add 0.001mmol/L to 0.01mmol/L imidazoline, and mix evenly to obtain an electrolyte solution;
更优选为：More preferably:
配制饱和硫酸钠溶液，添加0.001mmol/L的咪唑啉，混合均匀得到电解质溶液。在本发明中，所述电解质溶液为环保、高效型电解质溶液，在此基础上选择适合的电极系统及测试方法，科学客观，能有效提高阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态评价准确性和可靠性。Prepare a saturated sodium sulfate solution, add 0.001 mmol/L imidazoline, and mix evenly to obtain an electrolyte solution. In the present invention, the electrolyte solution is an environment-friendly and high-efficiency electrolyte solution. On this basis, selecting a suitable electrode system and testing method is scientific and objective, and can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands. .
得到所述电解质溶液后，本发明将配制好的电解质溶液倒入电解池中，优选直至池中溶液到杯口下1cm处。After obtaining the electrolyte solution, the present invention pours the prepared electrolyte solution into the electrolytic cell, preferably until the solution in the cell reaches 1 cm below the mouth of the cup.
在本发明中，所述电解质溶液中分别设置有相互不接触的工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极。在本发明中，所述工作电极为阳极性镀层钢绞线；在完成上述预处理过程后，本发明将阳极性镀层钢绞线垂直插入电解池液面下3cm～5cm，优选为4cm，作为工作电极。In the present invention, the electrolyte solution is respectively provided with a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode which are not in contact with each other. In the present invention, the working electrode is an anodic coated steel strand; after the above pretreatment process is completed, the present invention inserts the anodic coated steel strand vertically into the electrolytic cell by 3cm to 5cm, preferably 4cm, as working electrode.
本发明根据上述特定种类的电解质溶液选择适合的辅助电极和参比电极；所述辅助电极优选为铂网；所述参比电极优选为Ag/AgCl电极；其中，辅助电极垂直放置在工作电极对面，参比电极放在两者中间靠近工作电极表面的一侧，同时三者位置形成一个三角，相互不接触，形成三电极系统；其示意图参见图1所示。The present invention selects suitable auxiliary electrodes and reference electrodes according to the above-mentioned specific type of electrolyte solution; the auxiliary electrodes are preferably platinum mesh; the reference electrodes are preferably Ag/AgCl electrodes; wherein the auxiliary electrodes are placed vertically opposite the working electrodes , the reference electrode is placed between the two on the side close to the surface of the working electrode, and at the same time, the three positions form a triangle without touching each other to form a three-electrode system; its schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1.
本发明采用上述三电极系统，通过电化学工作站进行测试；所述通过电化学工作站进行测试的过程优选具体为：The present invention adopts the above-mentioned three-electrode system to test by an electrochemical workstation; the process of testing by the electrochemical workstation is preferably specifically:
将三电极系统用导线连接电化学工作站，使用TAFEL-TafelPlot方法进行测试，得到Tafel曲线；其中，电化学参数初始电位为-10.0V～+10.0V，终止电位为-10.0V～+10.0V，扫描速度为0.0001V/s～50V/s，等待时间为0s～6000s；Connect the three-electrode system to the electrochemical workstation with wires, and use the TAFEL-TafelPlot method to test to obtain the Tafel curve; among them, the initial potential of the electrochemical parameters is -10.0V～+10.0V, and the termination potential is -10.0V～+10.0V, The scanning speed is 0.0001V/s～50V/s, and the waiting time is 0s～6000s;
更优选为：More preferably:
将三电极系统用导线连接电化学工作站，使用TAFEL-TafelPlot方法进行测试，得到Tafel曲线；其中，电化学参数初始电位为-2.5V，终止电位为0.0V，扫描速度为0.01V/s，等待时间为0s。Connect the three-electrode system to the electrochemical workstation with wires, and use the TAFEL-TafelPlot method to test to obtain the Tafel curve; among them, the electrochemical parameters have an initial potential of -2.5V, an end potential of 0.0V, and a scanning speed of 0.01V/s. The time is 0s.
在本发明中，所述三电极系统与电化学工作站的连接关系的示意图参见图1所示。在本发明中，所述电化学工作站即为能够进行电化学参数测试的电化学测试仪；本发明对此没有特殊限制。In the present invention, a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the three-electrode system and the electrochemical workstation is shown in FIG. 1 . In the present invention, the electrochemical workstation is an electrochemical tester capable of testing electrochemical parameters; the present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
将三电极系统用导线连接电化学工作站后，在进行测试前，优选还包括：After the three-electrode system is connected to the electrochemical workstation with wires, before testing, preferably also include:
预热所述电化学工作站30min。Preheat the electrochemical workstation for 30 min.
本发明设置好上述电化学测试参数后，开始测试，得到Tafel曲线。在本发明中，所述Tafel曲线为软件得出的电化学测试结果，该测试结果可用于计算数据中的自腐蚀电流密度和自腐蚀电位。After the above electrochemical test parameters are set in the present invention, the test is started to obtain the Tafel curve. In the present invention, the Tafel curve is an electrochemical test result obtained by software, and the test result can be used to calculate the self-corrosion current density and self-corrosion potential in the data.
本发明根据上述测试结果计算出不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度。在本发明中，计算自腐蚀电流密度的过程优选具体为：The present invention calculates the self-corrosion current density of anodic coating steel strands in different corrosion states according to the above test results. In the present invention, the process of calculating the self-corrosion current density is preferably specifically:
根据Tafel曲线画出Tafel阳极极化曲线与阴极极化曲线直线区，并延长两直线交于一点，该点对应的电流为金属腐蚀达到稳定状态的电流，得到自腐蚀电流密度。According to the Tafel curve, draw the straight line area of the Tafel anodic polarization curve and the cathodic polarization curve, and extend the two straight lines to intersect at a point. The current corresponding to this point is the current at which the metal corrosion reaches a stable state, and the self-corrosion current density is obtained.
在本发明中，所述自腐蚀电流密度优选为平均自腐蚀电流密度；通过对每种腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线设置多组样本获得多个对应的自腐蚀电流密度，从而计算得到平均自腐蚀电流密度。In the present invention, the self-corrosion current density is preferably the average self-corrosion current density; multiple sets of samples are set for the anodic coating steel strands of each corrosion state to obtain a plurality of corresponding self-corrosion current densities, thereby calculating the average Self-corrosion current density.
本发明通过不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，能够实现量化不同腐蚀状态阳极性镀层钢绞线电化学参数特征；本发明以此作为判定阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的电化学值。According to the self-corrosion current density of anodically coated steel strands in different corrosion states, the present invention can quantify the electrochemical parameter characteristics of anodically coated steel strands in different corrosion states; the present invention uses this as the determination of the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands electrochemical value.
之后，本发明对未知腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线进行与步骤a)相同的电化学参数测试，并计算出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，将其与步骤a)中的电化学值作对比，表征出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态。Afterwards, the present invention carries out the same electrochemical parameter test as step a) to the anodic coated steel strand of unknown corrosion state, and calculates the self-corrosion current density of this anodic coated steel strand, and it is compared with step a) Compared with the electrochemical value, the corrosion state of the anodic coated steel strand is characterized.
本发明以不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线为工作电极，在环保、高效型电解质溶液体系中，采用三电极系统导线连接电化学工作站，对不同腐蚀状态阳极性镀层钢绞线进行电化学参数测试并根据测试结果计算得到不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，通过自腐蚀电流密度量化评价未知腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态，并合理估计该单股钢绞线的剩余寿命。In the present invention, anodic coated steel strands in different corrosion states are used as working electrodes, and in an environment-friendly and high-efficiency electrolyte solution system, a three-electrode system wire is used to connect to an electrochemical workstation, and the anodic coated steel strands in different corrosion states are electrochemically The self-corrosion current density of the anodic coated steel strands in different corrosion states is calculated according to the parameter test and the test results, and the corrosion state of the anodic coated steel strands with unknown corrosion states is quantitatively evaluated by the self-corrosion current density, and the unit is reasonably estimated. The remaining life of the steel strand.
另外，本发明在测试完毕后，优选还包括：In addition, after the test is completed, the present invention preferably also includes:
对电化学参数测试后的阳极性镀层钢绞线进行后处理；所述后处理能够使钢绞线耐蚀性能得到提高。在本发明中，所述后处理的过程优选采用绿色、生物型防护溶液；所述绿色、生物型防护溶液优选为包括麦冬草、地果和肾蕨提取物中的一种或多种的水溶液。本发明提供的表征方法还可以使用绿色、生物型防护溶液后处理阳极性镀层钢绞线，为架空地线安全运行提供保障。Post-treatment is performed on the anodic coated steel strand after the electrochemical parameter test; the post-treatment can improve the corrosion resistance of the steel strand. In the present invention, the post-treatment process preferably adopts a green, biological protective solution; the green, biological protective solution is preferably an aqueous solution comprising one or more of the extracts of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus, Lychea and Kidney Fern . The characterization method provided by the invention can also use the green and biological protective solution to post-treat the anodic coated steel strand, so as to provide guarantee for the safe operation of the overhead ground wire.
该表征方法能够科学量化评价阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态，有效提高对在役架空地线剩余寿命的估计，从而有效避免了传统镀层钢绞线人工巡检中工作量大、电解质昂贵、污染严重、主观判断差异明显等问题，具有精准可靠、测试简便、高效、人工成本低、经济环保、易于推广应用的优点，为在役钢绞线维修、更换提供科学依据，在预防在役钢绞线出现严重恶化腐蚀方面提供重要参考。This characterization method can scientifically and quantitatively evaluate the corrosion state of anodic coated steel strands, and effectively improve the estimation of the remaining life of overhead ground wires in service, thereby effectively avoiding the heavy workload, expensive electrolyte, and Serious pollution, obvious differences in subjective judgments, etc., have the advantages of accuracy and reliability, simple testing, high efficiency, low labor costs, economical and environmental protection, and easy promotion and application. Provides an important reference for severe deterioration of stranded wires.
本发明提供了一种阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的表征方法，包括以下步骤：a)分别对不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的进行电化学参数测试，根据测试结果计算出不同腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，并以此作为判定阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态的电化学值；b)对未知腐蚀状态的阳极性镀层钢绞线进行与步骤a)相同的电化学参数测试，并计算出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度，将其与步骤a)中的电化学值作对比，表征出该阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态。该表征方法能够科学量化评价阳极性镀层钢绞线的腐蚀状态，有效提高对在役架空地线剩余寿命的估计，从而有效避免了传统镀层钢绞线人工巡检中工作量大、电解质昂贵、污染严重、主观判断差异明显等问题，具有精准可靠、测试简便、高效、人工成本低、经济环保、易于推广应用的优点，为在役钢绞线维修、更换提供科学依据，在预防在役钢绞线出现严重恶化腐蚀方面提供重要参考。The invention provides a method for characterizing the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands, comprising the following steps: a) respectively performing electrochemical parameter tests on anodically coated steel strands in different corrosion states, and calculating different corrosion states according to the test results. The self-corrosion current density of the anodic coating steel strand of state, and judge the electrochemical value of the corrosion state of anodic coating steel strand as this; b) carry out and step a) to the anodic coating steel strand of unknown corrosion state The same electrochemical parameters are tested, and the self-corrosion current density of the anodic coated steel strand is calculated, and compared with the electrochemical value in step a), to characterize the corrosion state of the anodic coated steel strand. This characterization method can scientifically and quantitatively evaluate the corrosion state of anodic coated steel strands, and effectively improve the estimation of the remaining life of overhead ground wires in service, thereby effectively avoiding the heavy workload, expensive electrolyte, and Serious pollution, obvious differences in subjective judgments, etc., have the advantages of accuracy and reliability, simple testing, high efficiency, low labor costs, economical and environmental protection, and easy promotion and application. Provides an important reference for severe deterioration of stranded wires.
此外，本发明提供的表征方法采用环保、高效型电解质溶液，在此基础上选择适合的电极系统及测试方法，科学客观，能有效提高阳极性镀层钢绞线腐蚀状态评价准确性和可靠性。In addition, the characterization method provided by the present invention adopts an environmentally friendly and efficient electrolyte solution. On this basis, a suitable electrode system and test method are selected, which is scientific and objective, and can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation of the corrosion state of anodically coated steel strands.
另外，本发明提供的表征方法还可以使用绿色、生物型防护溶液后处理阳极性镀层钢绞线，为架空地线安全运行提供保障。In addition, the characterization method provided by the present invention can also use the green and biological protective solution to post-treat the anodic plated steel strand, so as to provide guarantee for the safe operation of the overhead ground wire.
为了进一步说明本发明，下面通过以下实施例进行详细说明。本发明以下实施例所用的电化学工作站为上海辰华仪器提供的型号为CHI660E的电化学测试仪。In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are described in detail below. The electrochemical workstation used in the following examples of the present invention is an electrochemical tester model CHI660E provided by Shanghai Chenhua Instruments.
实施例1Example 1
用切割机切下无腐蚀、轻度腐蚀、重度腐蚀三种不同腐蚀程度(腐蚀程度根据钢绞线表面腐蚀产物堆积情况来判断：无或微量腐蚀产物的钢绞线为无腐蚀程度；少量腐蚀产物并伴有红色点蚀锈状出现为轻度腐蚀；大量腐蚀产物、颜色呈深红色并出现整片锈蚀状为重度腐蚀)的单股热镀锌钢绞线15cm各三根，软刷在流动水中轻刷上述热镀锌钢绞线表面杂质，并置于乙醇溶液中超声10min，吹风机冷风吹干备用；Use a cutting machine to cut out three different degrees of corrosion: no corrosion, mild corrosion, and severe corrosion (the degree of corrosion is judged according to the accumulation of corrosion products on the surface of the steel strand: the steel strand with no or trace corrosion products is non-corrosion; a small amount of corrosion Products accompanied by red pitting and rust appear as mild corrosion; a large number of corrosion products, dark red in color and appearing as a whole piece of rust is severe corrosion) single-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strands 15cm each three, soft brush in the flow Lightly brush the impurities on the surface of the above-mentioned hot-dip galvanized steel strands in water, and place them in ethanol solution for 10 minutes of ultrasonication, and dry them with cold air with a hair dryer for later use;
配制饱和硫酸钠溶液，添加0.001mmol/L的咪唑啉，混合均匀得到环保、高效型电解质溶液；然后将配制好的电解质溶液倒入电解池中；Prepare a saturated sodium sulfate solution, add 0.001mmol/L imidazoline, mix well to obtain an environmentally friendly and efficient electrolyte solution; then pour the prepared electrolyte solution into the electrolytic cell;
采用绝缘胶封住单股热镀锌钢绞线下截面，垂直插入电解池液面下4cm，作为工作电极，铂网作为辅助电极垂直放置在钢绞线工作电极对面，Ag/AgCl电极作为参比电极放在两者中间靠近工作电极表面的一侧，同时三者位置形成一个三角，相互不接触；然后将三电极用导线连接电化学工作站，参见图1所示；Use insulating glue to seal the lower section of the single-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strand, insert it vertically 4cm below the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell, and use it as the working electrode. The specific electrode is placed in the middle of the two on the side close to the surface of the working electrode, and the three positions form a triangle at the same time without touching each other; then connect the three electrodes to the electrochemical workstation with wires, as shown in Figure 1;
启动电化学工作站预热30min，选择电化学工作站中“Technique”选项，点击“TAFEL-TafelPlot”，电化学参数初始电位：-2.5V，终止电位：0.0V，扫描速度：0.01V/s，等待时间：0s；测试完毕后，将电化学工作站绘制完成的Tafel曲线(图2)画出Tafel阳极极化曲线与阴极极化曲线直线区，并延长两直线交于一点，读出金属腐蚀达到稳定状态的电流，即为该金属的腐蚀电流icorr(如图2中所示进行数据分析)；Start the electrochemical workstation to warm up for 30 minutes, select the "Technique" option in the electrochemical workstation, click "TAFEL-TafelPlot", the electrochemical parameters initial potential: -2.5V, end potential: 0.0V, scan speed: 0.01V/s, wait Time: 0s; After the test is completed, draw the Tafel curve (Figure 2) drawn by the electrochemical workstation to draw the straight line area of the Tafel anode polarization curve and the cathode polarization curve, and extend the two straight lines to intersect at one point, and read that the metal corrosion has reached stability The current of the state is the corrosion current icorr of the metal (data analysis is performed as shown in Figure 2);
记录每种腐蚀状态的单股钢绞线平均自腐蚀电流密度，将不同自腐蚀密度对应不同的腐蚀程度，如表1所示；表1中三根同种腐蚀程度钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度的平均值即作为钢绞线该腐蚀程度的电化学值来判定其他未知钢绞线的腐蚀程度。Record the average self-corrosion current density of the single-strand steel strands in each corrosion state, and correspond different self-corrosion densities to different corrosion degrees, as shown in Table 1; the self-corrosion current densities of three steel strands with the same corrosion degree in Table 1 The average value is used as the electrochemical value of the corrosion degree of the steel strand to determine the corrosion degree of other unknown steel strands.
表1单股热镀锌钢绞线在环保型电解质溶液中测试的电化学参数Table 1 Electrochemical parameters of single-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strand tested in environment-friendly electrolyte solution
重新任意选取一根未知腐蚀状态的单股钢绞线，重复上述步骤，计算得出该未知腐蚀状态单股钢绞线自腐蚀电流密度，将该电流密度与已知腐蚀状态单股钢绞线腐蚀电流密度作对比，量化评价该单股钢绞线的腐蚀状态，并合理估计该单股钢绞线的剩余寿命；结果参见表2所示。Randomly select a single-strand steel strand with an unknown corrosion state, repeat the above steps, and calculate the self-corrosion current density of the single-strand steel strand with the unknown corrosion state, and compare the current density with the known corrosion state of the single-strand steel strand Compared with the corrosion current density, the corrosion state of the single-strand steel strand is quantitatively evaluated, and the remaining life of the single-strand steel strand is reasonably estimated; the results are shown in Table 2.
表2未知腐蚀程度单股热镀锌钢绞线量化评价表Table 2 Quantitative evaluation table of single-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strand with unknown corrosion degree
此外，测试完毕后的钢绞线使用绿色、生物型防护溶液进行后处理，使钢绞线耐蚀性能得到提高；结果参见表3所示。In addition, after the test, the steel strands were post-treated with green and biological protective solutions to improve the corrosion resistance of the steel strands; the results are shown in Table 3.
表3无腐蚀单股热镀锌钢绞线后处理前后电化学数据表Table 3 Electrochemical data table of non-corrosion single-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strand before and after post-treatment
由表3可看出，涂覆上生物型防护溶液后钢绞线的腐蚀电流密度有明显降低，其耐蚀性能明显增强。It can be seen from Table 3 that the corrosion current density of the steel strand is significantly reduced after being coated with the biological protective solution, and its corrosion resistance is significantly enhanced.
实施例2Example 2
用切割机切下无腐蚀、轻度腐蚀、重度腐蚀三种不同腐蚀程度(腐蚀程度根据钢绞线表面腐蚀产物堆积情况来判断：无或微量腐蚀产物的钢绞线为无腐蚀程度；少量腐蚀产物并伴有红色点蚀锈状出现为轻度腐蚀；大量腐蚀产物、颜色呈深红色并出现整片锈蚀状为重度腐蚀)的多股热镀锌钢绞线15cm各两根，软刷在流动水中轻刷上述热镀锌钢绞线表面杂质，并置于乙醇溶液中超声15min，吹风机冷风吹干备用；Use a cutting machine to cut out three different degrees of corrosion: no corrosion, mild corrosion, and severe corrosion (the degree of corrosion is judged according to the accumulation of corrosion products on the surface of the steel strand: the steel strand with no or trace corrosion products is non-corrosion; a small amount of corrosion The product is accompanied by red pitting and rust, which is mild corrosion; a large number of corrosion products, dark red in color and the whole piece of rust is severe corrosion), each of two 15cm multi-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strands, soft brush on Lightly brush the impurities on the surface of the hot-dip galvanized steel strand in running water, place it in an ethanol solution for 15 minutes, and dry it with a hair dryer with cold air for later use;
配制饱和硫酸钠溶液，添加0.001mmol/L的咪唑啉，混合均匀得到环保、高效型电解质溶液；然后将配制好的电解质溶液倒入电解池中；Prepare a saturated sodium sulfate solution, add 0.001mmol/L imidazoline, mix well to obtain an environmentally friendly and efficient electrolyte solution; then pour the prepared electrolyte solution into the electrolytic cell;
采用绝缘胶带缠紧钢绞线上下小部分区域以固定多股钢绞线防止松散，并用绝缘胶封住多股热镀锌钢绞线下截面，垂直插入电解池液面下4cm，作为工作电极，铂网作为辅助电极垂直放置在钢绞线工作电极对面，Ag/AgCl电极作为参比电极放在两者中间靠近工作电极表面的一侧，同时三者位置形成一个三角，相互不接触；然后将三电极用导线连接电化学工作站，参见图1所示；Use insulating tape to wrap a small part of the upper and lower parts of the steel strand to fix the multi-strand steel strand to prevent loosening, and use insulating glue to seal the lower section of the multi-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strand, and insert it vertically 4cm below the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell as a working electrode , the platinum mesh is placed vertically opposite to the working electrode of the steel strand as an auxiliary electrode, and the Ag/AgCl electrode is placed as a reference electrode on the side close to the surface of the working electrode in the middle, and the three positions form a triangle without touching each other; then Connect the three electrodes to the electrochemical workstation with wires, as shown in Figure 1;
启动电化学工作站预热30min，选择电化学工作站中“Technique”选项，点击“TAFEL-Tafel Plot”，电化学参数初始电位：-2.0V，终止电位：0.0V，扫描速度：0.01V/s，等待时间：0s；测试完毕后，将电化学工作站绘制完成的Tafel曲线(图3)画出Tafel阳极极化曲线与阴极极化曲线直线区，并延长两直线交于一点，读出金属腐蚀达到稳定状态的电流，即为该金属的腐蚀电流icorr(如图3中所示进行数据分析)；Start the electrochemical workstation to warm up for 30 minutes, select the "Technique" option in the electrochemical workstation, click "TAFEL-Tafel Plot", the electrochemical parameters initial potential: -2.0V, end potential: 0.0V, scanning speed: 0.01V/s, Waiting time: 0s; After the test is completed, draw the Tafel curve (Figure 3) drawn by the electrochemical workstation to draw the straight line area of the Tafel anode polarization curve and the cathode polarization curve, and extend the two straight lines to intersect at one point, and read the metal corrosion reached The electric current of stable state, is the corrosion current i corr of this metal (as shown in Figure 3, carry out data analysis);
记录每种腐蚀状态的多股钢绞线平均自腐蚀电流密度，将不同自腐蚀密度对应不同的腐蚀程度，如表4所示；表4中两根同种腐蚀程度钢绞线的自腐蚀电流密度的平均值即作为钢绞线该腐蚀程度的电化学值来判定其他未知钢绞线的腐蚀程度。Record the average self-corrosion current density of multi-strand steel strands in each corrosion state, and correspond different self-corrosion densities to different corrosion degrees, as shown in Table 4; the self-corrosion currents of two steel strands with the same corrosion degree in Table 4 The average value of the density is used as the electrochemical value of the corrosion degree of the steel strand to determine the corrosion degree of other unknown steel strands.
表4多股热镀锌钢绞线在环保型电解质溶液中测试的电化学参数Table 4 Electrochemical parameters of multi-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strands tested in environment-friendly electrolyte solution
重新任意选取一根未知腐蚀状态的多股钢绞线，重复上述步骤，计算得出该未知腐蚀状态多股钢绞线自腐蚀电流密度，将该电流密度与已知腐蚀状态多股钢绞线腐蚀电流密度作对比，量化评价该多股钢绞线的腐蚀状态，并合理估计该多股钢绞线的剩余寿命；结果参见表5所示。Randomly select a multi-strand steel strand with an unknown corrosion state, repeat the above steps, and calculate the self-corrosion current density of the multi-strand steel strand with an unknown corrosion state, and compare the current density with the multi-strand steel strand with a known corrosion state Corrosion current density was compared to quantitatively evaluate the corrosion state of the multi-strand steel strand, and reasonably estimate the remaining life of the multi-strand steel strand; the results are shown in Table 5.
表5未知腐蚀程度多股热镀锌钢绞线量化评价表Table 5 Quantitative evaluation table of multi-strand hot-dip galvanized steel strands with unknown corrosion degree
此外，测试完毕后的钢绞线使用绿色、生物型防护溶液进行后处理，使钢绞线耐蚀性能得到提高。In addition, after the test, the steel strands are post-treated with a green, biological protective solution to improve the corrosion resistance of the steel strands.
所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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