CN110353034A - A kind of novel storage method of seed potato - Google Patents
A kind of novel storage method of seed potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN110353034A CN110353034A CN201910798703.6A CN201910798703A CN110353034A CN 110353034 A CN110353034 A CN 110353034A CN 201910798703 A CN201910798703 A CN 201910798703A CN 110353034 A CN110353034 A CN 110353034A
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- Prior art keywords
- storeroom
- potato
- potato seed
- layer
- seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
- A01M29/12—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using odoriferous substances, e.g. aromas, pheromones or chemical agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/157—Inorganic compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel storage methods of seed potato, comprising the following steps: 1. builds storeroom: having built breathable membrane above melt pit in storeroom, the perimeter at the top of melt pit has built plank fence；2. the disinfection treatment of storeroom: using mixing forage to 60~120min of sootiness in storeroom, the salt water for being later 20~30% in storage household sprays mass concentration；3. the processing of potato seed: selected potato seed being placed in ventilation and is dried 3~5 days, then potato seed is put into the uniconazole P solution that mass concentration is 3~5% and impregnates 20~30min；4. the storage of potato seed is placed: stacking storage in the way of one layer of Perserving materials layer, one layer of potato seed layer；5. daily management: the temperature of control potato seed storage is at 12~15 DEG C, and relative humidity is 60~70%.Storage method of the invention is simple, at low cost, and holding conditions are controllable, and potato seed damages less, fresh keeping time is long, the effect of storage is good, will not influence coming year potato seed germination percentage and late growth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of novel storage method of seed potato.
Background technique
Potato belongs to Solanaceae herbaceos perennial, and stem tuber can be edible, is the fourth-largest important cereal crops in the whole world,
It is only second to wheat, paddy and corn.Potato protein nutritive value is high, and stem tuber contains 2% or so protein, the dry middle egg of potato
White matter content is 8%~9%.It was found that the protein nutritive value of potato is very high, quality is equivalent to the albumen of egg
Matter is easy digestion, absorbs, better than the protein of other crops.And the protein of potato contains 18 kinds of amino acid, including people
The various essential amino acids that body cannot synthesize.Potato can be used as vegetables production delicacies simultaneously, can also be used as staple food grain, deep by people
Like.Potato is that seedling is grown by its stem tuber rudiment, and China plantation potato is usually to be harvested for one time each year or 2 years three
It is ripe, that is to say, that after potato harvesting, to need individually to be stored selected potato seed, convenient for plantation next time.Horse
Requirement in bell potato storage to temperature and humidity is more stringent, and potato seed is placed in the too low place of temperature and is easy to endure cold, and is formed
Hard-core will not germinate after plantation, be placed in the excessively high place of temperature, and can sprout, be placed in the place of humid, it is easy to cause
Germ encroaches on and rots.Currently, the stored manner of seed potato mainly has cellar storage, cellar storeroom is added in cellar
Pulverized limestone is stored, and during storage, is easy to produce heat after pulverized limestone water suction, is easily caused storage temperature and humidity
Fluctuating change, be unfavorable for the storage of potato seed, and during storing potato seed budding it is very fast, be also easy to cause potato seed mouldy
With rot.Therefore, develop a kind of storage method is simple, at low cost, storage condition is controllable, potato seed damage less, the holding time
It is long, storage effect is good, does not influence the novel storage method of the seed potato of coming year potato seed germination percentage and late growth is objective
It needs.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of storage methods is simple, at
This is low, storage condition is controllable, potato seed damages less, the holding time is long, storage effect is good, does not influence coming year potato seed germination percentage and later period
The novel storage method of the seed potato of growth.
The novel storage method of seed potato of the present invention, the following steps are included:
1. building storeroom: storeroom is directly built in selection on the ground, is provided with transom, Zhi Hou on the wall of storeroom
It stores indoor subsurface digging and builds melt pit, 10~20cm of inner wall of the Edge Distance storeroom of melt pit, the bottom of melt pit is provided with
Drainpipe and snorkel above the ground is reached, water pump is installed on the drainpipe, straw group, institute are placed in snorkel
It states and has built breathable membrane above melt pit, the perimeter at the top of melt pit has built plank fence, and the height of plank fence is small
In the height of storeroom；
2. the disinfection treatment of storeroom: in melt pit place mixing forage, using mixing forage to sootiness 60 in storeroom~
120min, the mixing forage is the mixture of isobaric wormwood, camphor tree leaf and Dalmatian chrysanthemum, after sootiness, in storeroom
Plank fence on, on ground and top spray mass concentration be 20~30% salt water, after sprayed, close storeroom
Hermatic door and transom, make its sealing sterilization 3~5 days；
3. the processing of potato seed: in the season of potato harvest, fine day being selected to excavate potato, and screen healthy disease-free, nothing and break
Selected potato seed is placed in ventilation later and dried 3~5 days by the potato kind of damage, then it is 3~5% that potato seed, which is put into mass concentration,
20~30min is impregnated in uniconazole P solution, surface moisture is dried in taking-up；
4. the storage of potato seed is placed: 3~5 days before storage, needing to open the straw group in transom and snorkel to storeroom
Be aerated ventilation, then again on storing indoor plank fence, on ground and top by every 6~10mL of square meter spray light
Catalyst aqueous solution after the completion of spraying, closes transom and snorkel, then to through step, 3. treated that potato seed is stored, storage
When hiding, first in the upper surface of breathable membrane layer overlay Perserving materials layer, according still further to the side of one layer of Perserving materials layer, one layer of potato seed layer
Formula stacks, and the stack height of every layer of potato seed layer is 30~40cm, every layer of Perserving materials layer with a thickness of 1~3cm, be stacked to most upper
Layer Perserving materials layer apart from the top of plank fence when 15~25cm, then cover on top layer's Perserving materials layer one layer 5~
The mixed soil of 10cm thickness, finally fills thermal insulation material between plank fence and storeroom again；
5. daily management: after potato seed storage, inspecting periodically the storage condition of potato seed, and control the temperature of potato seed storage 12~15
DEG C, relative humidity is controlled 60~70%.
Further, step 4. in, the mixed soil is that thick river sand and rice straw are mixed by the mass ratio of 1:1~2
It closes, the partial size of the thick river sand is 50~100 mesh, 0.5~1cm of length of rice straw, and thick river sand and rice straw
, need to be with after 50~55% 800~1000 liquid of carbendazol wettable powder sprinkling sterilization after mixing, then it is exposed to the sun 8~10 in the sun
It is reused after it.
Further, step 4. in, the Perserving materials layer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 30~50 parts of rice bran,
30~50 parts of diatomite, 5~10 parts of plant ash, 5~10 parts of chitosan, south China loosely 10~20 parts of needle, 5~10 parts of pomelo peel,
5~8 parts of honeysuckle, 10~15 parts of rape flower, 3~5 parts of tealeaves and 8~15 parts of hop residue, preparation method are first by south China
Loosely needle, pomelo peel, honeysuckle, rape flower shine dry grinding after, then with rice bran, diatomite, plant ash, chitosan, tealeaves and beer
It is made after the mixing of hops slag.
Further, step 5. in, after potato seed storage, cover anti-fine hair grass at the top of storeroom.
Further, step 4. in, the thermal insulation material is that isobaric rice husk and sawdust mix.
Further, step 4. in, after the potato seed layer and Perserving materials layer are alternately stacked, in potato seed layer and guarantor
More bamboo trunks are fitted on the green wood bed of material vertically, aperture, the Perserving materials of the bottom insertion bottom of bamboo trunk are machined on bamboo trunk
On layer, mixed soil is higher by the top of bamboo trunk.
Further, step 4. in, potato seed storage after, multiple rat destruction packets, the rat destruction packet are placed in storeroom
It is by after isobaric Folium Meliae, frutus cnidii, rosin, wormwood and perilla leaf dries pulverizing, being packed into sandbag can be prepared by rat destruction
Packet.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: first is that storeroom is reasonable in design, by snorkel,
Transom and drainpipe reasonably can grasp and control the indoor temperature of storage and relative humidity；Second is that using mixing forage pair
Storeroom carry out sootiness processing, mixing forage generate flue gas can in storeroom carry out expelling parasite and inhibit pest growth,
The pathogenic bacteria bred in storeroom can be killed using salt water sprinkling, provides a clean, sterile ring for the storage of potato seed
Border；Can effectively it be inhibited third is that basking seeds to potato seed and can kill the germ that potato seed surface carries using Seed Soaking with Uniconazole Solution
Potato seed advance germination allows potato seed to be chronically at fresh and alive state；Fourth is that using the form of Perserving materials layer stratified storage potato seed, it can
The drying for keeping storage ambient well prevents potato seed dampness mildew from rotting, avoids potato seed by freeze injury, can protect for a long time
Hold the moisture and fresh and alive degree of potato seed.Storage method of the invention is simple, at low cost, and holding conditions are controllable, and potato seed damages less, is fresh-keeping
Time is long, the effect of storage is good, will not influence coming year potato seed germination percentage and late growth, use easy to spread.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
In figure: 1- breathable membrane, 2- melt pit, 3- snorkel, 4- storeroom, 5- thermal insulation material, 6- plank fence, 7- composite soil
Layer, 8- transom, 9- potato seed layer, 10- Perserving materials layer, 11- water pump, 12- drainpipe, 13- bamboo trunk.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing explanation, the present invention is further illustrated, but not in any way to the present invention
Limit, based on present invention teach that it is made it is any transform or replace, equal embodiment belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the novel storage method of seed potato described in embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1. building storeroom: storeroom 4 is directly built in selection on the ground, and storeroom 4 builds for brick mix structure or wooden knot
Structure is built, and can also be provided with transom 8 on the wall of storeroom 4 using idle idle room, can be with by transom 8
Air in storeroom 4 is aerated and is taken a breath, melt pit 2, the edge of melt pit 2 are built in the subsurface digging in storeroom 4 later
The depth of inner wall 10cm apart from storeroom 4, melt pit 2 are 20cm, and the bottom of melt pit 2 is provided with the draining reached above the ground
Pipe 12 and snorkel 3 are equipped with water pump 11 on the drainpipe 12, straw group are placed in snorkel 3, can by drainpipe 12
To exclude the moisture generated in storage in time, the dampness of 4 bottom of storeroom is avoided, influences the hoarding effect of potato seed, is led to
Dehumidifying can be aerated to storeroom 4 by crossing snorkel 3, and breathable membrane 1 has been built in the top of the melt pit 2, and breathable membrane 1 is adopted
It is formed with the plate of muti-piece concreting, there are the gap of 1cm between adjacent two plate, the perimeter at 1 top of melt pit is taken
Plank fence 6 is had, the height of plank fence 6 is less than the height of storeroom 4；
2. the disinfection treatment of storeroom: mixing forage is placed in melt pit 2, using mixing forage to sootiness in storeroom 4
60min, the mixing forage are the mixture of isobaric wormwood, camphor tree leaf and Dalmatian chrysanthemum, and sootiness is enough to driving in storeroom 4
Worm and the growth for inhibiting pest, after sootiness, on the plank fence 6 in storeroom 4, on ground and top spray quality
The salt water that concentration is 20% can kill the pathogenic bacteria bred in storeroom 4 using salt water sprinkling, provide for the storage of potato seed
One clean, sterile environment after sprayed, closes the hermatic door and transom 8 of storeroom 4, makes its sealing sterilization 3 days；
3. the processing of potato seed: in the season of potato harvest, fine day being selected to excavate potato, and screen healthy disease-free, nothing and break
Selected potato seed is placed in ventilation later and dried 3 days by the potato kind of damage, can kill potato kind surface remaining using sunlight
Bacterium, germ, then potato seed is put into the uniconazole P solution that mass concentration is 3% and impregnates 20min, surface moisture, alkene are dried in taking-up
Azoles category broad spectrum activity, efficient plant growth regulator are imitated, with the effect of sterilization, tool inhibits cell growth, shortens internode, plant
It downgrades, promote lateral bud growth and flower_bud formation, promote the effect of resistance, thus utilize Seed Soaking with Uniconazole Solution, can effectively press down
Production of hybrid seeds potato advance germination；
4. the storage of potato seed is placed: 3 days before storage, needing to open the straw group in transom 8 and snorkel 3 to storeroom 4
Be aerated ventilation, then again on the plank fence 6 in storeroom 4, on ground and top by every square meter 6mL spraying light touching
Matchmaker's aqueous solution after the completion of spraying, closes transom 8 and snorkel 3, and photocatalyst matches light, can kill pathogenic fungi, as long as and
Light exists, and photocatalyst plays a role with regard to sustainable, and sterile storage ambient is conducive to extend the storage time of potato seed, in order to
Keep photocatalyst continuous action, can the top in storeroom 4 install ultraviolet radiator, then to through step 3. treated kind
Potato is stored, when storage, first in the upper surface of breathable membrane 1 layer overlay Perserving materials layer 10, according still further to one layer of Perserving materials
The mode of 10 1 layers of potato seed layer 9 of layer stacks, and the stack height of every layer of potato seed layer 9 is 30cm, the thickness of every layer of Perserving materials layer 10
For 1cm, when being stacked to top layer's Perserving materials layer 10 apart from 6 top 15cm of plank fence, then in top layer's Perserving materials layer 10
The mixed soil 7 for covering one layer of 5cm thickness above finally fills thermal insulation material 5 between plank fence 6 and storeroom 4 again, described
Thermal insulation material is that isobaric rice husk and sawdust mix, and the mixed soil 7 is the matter that thick river sand and rice straw press 1:1
Amount ratio mixes, and the partial size of the thick river sand is 50 mesh, the length 0.5cm of rice straw, and thick river sand and rice straw mix
After conjunction, it need to be reused with after 50% 800 liquid of carbendazol wettable powder sprinkling sterilization, then after being exposed to the sun in the sun 8 days；It is described
Perserving materials layer 10 includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 30 parts of rice bran, 30 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of chitosan, south China
Loosely 10 parts of needle, 5 parts of pomelo peel, 5 parts of honeysuckle, 10 parts of rape flower, 3 parts of tealeaves and 8 parts of hop residue, preparation method are first
By south China loosely needle, pomelo peel, honeysuckle, rape flower shine dry grinding after, then with rice bran, diatomite, plant ash, chitosan, tea
It is made after leaf and hop residue mixing, the mechanism of action as the part material of fresh-keeping material layer 10 is selected to be:
Plant ash is the residue after draft and xylophyta burning, belongs to insoluble material, has very strong killing pathogen
And the effect of virus；Loosely needle contains a variety of active ingredients in south China, including volatility oils, polyatomic phenol, flavonoids, glucoside with
The functional mass such as terpene have anti-oxidant, expelling parasite, are antibacterial with many biological actions such as antiviral；Chitosan is in weakly acidic solvent
In it is easy to dissolve, it is worth pointing out that in dissolved solution contain amino (NH2+), these amino pass through combine negative electricity
Son inhibits bacterium.Chitosan can inhibit bacterial activity, it is made to have a wide range of applications in fields such as medicine, weaving and food,
Food applications antibacterial agent, antistaling agent and in terms of；The flavones content very abundant of rape pollen, and contain in pollen
Have a large amount of vitamin E (in every 100 grams of rape pollens containing 000 milligram of vitamin e1), using being a kind of strong antioxygen after broken wall
Agent facilitates potato seed antistaling agent Anti- tarnishing；Its action and efficacy of honeysuckle, rape flower and tealeaves is embodied in anti-inflammatory, two side of antibacterial
Face；Hop residue is the slag that hops generates after extraction when producing beer, and lupulones contained by hops has various bacteriums
There is stronger inhibiting effect；
After the potato seed layer 9 and Perserving materials layer 10 are alternately stacked, inserted vertically on potato seed layer 9 and Perserving materials layer 10
There are more bamboo trunks 13, aperture is machined on bamboo trunk 13, the bottom of bamboo trunk 13 is inserted on the Perserving materials layer 10 of the bottom, bamboo trunk
Top is higher by mixed soil 7, can timely be excluded the heat in potato seed heap in time by bamboo trunk 13；In order to avoid mouse gnaws
It eats potato seed and is placed with multiple rat destruction packets in storeroom 4, the rat destruction packet is by isobaric Folium Meliae, snake after potato seed is stored
After machine tool, rosin, wormwood and perilla leaf dries pulverizing, being packed into sandbag can be prepared by rat destruction packet；
5. daily management: potato seed storage after, inspect periodically the storage condition of potato seed, and control potato seed storage temperature at 12 DEG C,
Relative humidity control is after 60%, potato seed storage, if outdoor temperature is too low, can cover anti-fine hair grass at the top of storeroom 4,
During potato seed is stored, daily early morning needs to observe and record the temperature and humidity situation of change of potato seed, when potato seed storage
Not at 12 DEG C, relative humidity needs not at 60% by wet in snorkel 3, transom 8 reasonably regulation storeroom 4 temperature
Degree and temperature.
The storage method of the present embodiment 1 is simple, it is at low cost, can not only effectively keep quality in potato seed storage
And freshness, and the temperature and relative humidity controlled during storing that can be stringent, prevent potato seed because storing improper infection disease
It does harm to and occurs to rot, can effectively extend the storage period of potato seed, stored potato seed 6 months using the storage practice of the present embodiment 1
Afterwards, storage the results show that potato seed without rot, without germination the phenomenon that, can planting rates reached 100%.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 1, the novel storage method of seed potato described in embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1. building storeroom: storeroom 4 is directly built in selection on the ground, and storeroom 4 builds for brick mix structure or wooden knot
Structure is built, and can also be provided with transom 8 on the wall of storeroom 4 using idle idle room, can be with by transom 8
Air in storeroom 4 is aerated and is taken a breath, melt pit 2, the edge of melt pit 2 are built in the subsurface digging in storeroom 4 later
The depth of inner wall 15cm apart from storeroom 4, melt pit 2 are 25cm, and the bottom of melt pit 2 is provided with the draining reached above the ground
Pipe 12 and snorkel 3 are equipped with water pump 11 on the drainpipe 12, straw group are placed in snorkel 3, can by drainpipe 12
To exclude the moisture generated in storage in time, the dampness of 4 bottom of storeroom is avoided, influences the hoarding effect of potato seed, is led to
Dehumidifying can be aerated to storeroom 4 by crossing snorkel 3, and breathable membrane 1 has been built in the top of the melt pit 2, and breathable membrane 1 is adopted
It is formed with the plate of muti-piece concreting, there are the gap of 1.5cm, the perimeters at 1 top of melt pit between adjacent two plate
Plank fence 6 is built, the height of plank fence 6 is less than the height of storeroom 4；
2. the disinfection treatment of storeroom: mixing forage is placed in melt pit 2, using mixing forage to sootiness in storeroom 4
100min, the mixing forage are the mixture of isobaric wormwood, camphor tree leaf and Dalmatian chrysanthemum, and sootiness is enough to carrying out in storeroom 4
Expelling parasite and the growth for inhibiting pest, after sootiness, on the plank fence 6 in storeroom 4, on ground and top spray matter
The salt water that concentration is 25% is measured, the pathogenic bacteria bred in storeroom 4 can be killed using salt water sprinkling, mentioned for the storage of potato seed
For a clean, sterile environment, after sprayed, the hermatic door and transom 8 of storeroom 4 are closed, makes its sealing sterilization 4 days；
3. the processing of potato seed: in the season of potato harvest, fine day being selected to excavate potato, and screen healthy disease-free, nothing and break
Selected potato seed is placed in ventilation later and dried 4 days by the potato kind of damage, can kill potato kind surface remaining using sunlight
Bacterium, germ, then potato seed is put into the uniconazole P solution that mass concentration is 4% and impregnates 25min, surface moisture, alkene are dried in taking-up
Azoles category broad spectrum activity, efficient plant growth regulator are imitated, with the effect of sterilization, tool inhibits cell growth, shortens internode, plant
It downgrades, promote lateral bud growth and flower_bud formation, promote the effect of resistance, thus utilize Seed Soaking with Uniconazole Solution, can effectively press down
Production of hybrid seeds potato advance germination；
4. the storage of potato seed is placed: 4 days before storage, needing to open the straw group in transom 8 and snorkel 3 to storeroom 4
Be aerated ventilation, then again on the plank fence 6 in storeroom 4, on ground and top by every 6~10mL of square meter spray
Photocatalyst water solution after the completion of spraying, closes transom 8 and snorkel 3, and photocatalyst matches light, can kill pathogenic fungi, and
As long as light exists, photocatalyst is sustainable to play a role, and sterile storage ambient is conducive to extend the storage time of potato seed,
In order to keep the continuous action of photocatalyst, ultraviolet radiator can be installed at the top in storeroom 4, then to after 3. step is handled
Potato seed stored, it is fresh-keeping according still further to one layer first in the upper surface of breathable membrane 1 layer overlay Perserving materials layer 10 when storage
The mode of 10 1 layers of potato seed layer 9 of material layer stacks, and the stack height of every layer of potato seed layer 9 is 35cm, every layer of Perserving materials layer 10
With a thickness of 2cm, when being stacked to top layer's Perserving materials layer 10 apart from 6 top 20cm of plank fence, then in top layer's Perserving materials
Layer 10 covers the mixed soil 7 of one layer of 8cm thickness above, finally fills thermal insulation material 5 between plank fence 6 and storeroom 4 again,
The thermal insulation material is that isobaric rice husk and sawdust mix, and the mixed soil 7 is that thick river sand and rice straw press 1:
1.5 mass ratio mixes, and the partial size of the thick river sand is 80 mesh, the length 0.8cm of rice straw, and thick river sand and rice
After stalk mixing, it need to be made again with after 53% 900 liquid of carbendazol wettable powder sprinkling sterilization, then after being exposed to the sun in the sun 9 days
With；The Perserving materials layer 10 includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 40 parts of rice bran, 40 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of plant ash, chitosan 8
Part, south China loosely 15 parts of needle, 8 parts of pomelo peel, 6 parts of honeysuckle, 12 parts of rape flower, 4 parts of tealeaves and 12 parts of hop residue, preparation
Method be first by south China loosely needle, pomelo peel, honeysuckle, rape flower shine dry grinding after, then with rice bran, diatomite, plant ash, shell
It is made after glycan, tealeaves and hop residue mixing, the mechanism of action as the part material of fresh-keeping material layer 10 is selected to be:
Plant ash is the residue after draft and xylophyta burning, belongs to insoluble material, has very strong killing pathogen
And the effect of virus；Loosely needle contains a variety of active ingredients in south China, including volatility oils, polyatomic phenol, flavonoids, glucoside with
The functional mass such as terpene have anti-oxidant, expelling parasite, are antibacterial with many biological actions such as antiviral；Chitosan is in weakly acidic solvent
In it is easy to dissolve, it is worth pointing out that in dissolved solution contain amino (NH2+), these amino pass through combine negative electricity
Son inhibits bacterium.Chitosan can inhibit bacterial activity, it is made to have a wide range of applications in fields such as medicine, weaving and food,
Food applications antibacterial agent, antistaling agent and in terms of；The flavones content very abundant of rape pollen, and contain in pollen
Have a large amount of vitamin E (in every 100 grams of rape pollens containing 000 milligram of vitamin e1), using being a kind of strong antioxygen after broken wall
Agent facilitates potato seed antistaling agent Anti- tarnishing；Its action and efficacy of honeysuckle, rape flower and tealeaves is embodied in anti-inflammatory, two side of antibacterial
Face；Hop residue is the slag that hops generates after extraction when producing beer, and lupulones contained by hops has various bacteriums
There is stronger inhibiting effect；
After the potato seed layer 9 and Perserving materials layer 10 are alternately stacked, inserted vertically on potato seed layer 9 and Perserving materials layer 10
There are more bamboo trunks 13, aperture is machined on bamboo trunk 13, the bottom of bamboo trunk 13 is inserted on the Perserving materials layer 10 of the bottom, bamboo trunk
Top is higher by mixed soil 7, can timely be excluded the heat in potato seed heap in time by bamboo trunk 13；In order to avoid mouse gnaws
It eats potato seed and is placed with multiple rat destruction packets in storeroom 4, the rat destruction packet is by isobaric Folium Meliae, snake after potato seed is stored
After machine tool, rosin, wormwood and perilla leaf dries pulverizing, being packed into sandbag can be prepared by rat destruction packet；
5. daily management: potato seed storage after, inspect periodically the storage condition of potato seed, and control potato seed storage temperature at 13 DEG C,
Relative humidity control is after 65%, potato seed storage, if outdoor temperature is too low, can cover anti-fine hair grass at the top of storeroom 4,
During potato seed is stored, daily early morning needs to observe and record the temperature and humidity situation of change of potato seed, when potato seed storage
Not at 13 DEG C, relative humidity controls not in 65% range temperature, needs reasonably to regulate and control storage by snorkel 3, transom 8
Humidity and temperature in room 4.
The storage method of the present embodiment 2 is simple, it is at low cost, can not only effectively keep quality in potato seed storage
And freshness, and the temperature and relative humidity controlled during storing that can be stringent, prevent potato seed because storing improper infection disease
It does harm to and occurs to rot, can effectively extend the storage period of potato seed, stored potato seed 7 months using the storage practice of the present embodiment 2
Afterwards, storage the results show that potato seed without rot, without germination the phenomenon that, can planting rates reached 100%.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 1, the novel storage method of seed potato described in embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1. building storeroom: storeroom 4 is directly built in selection on the ground, and storeroom 4 builds for brick mix structure or wooden knot
Structure is built, and can also be provided with transom 8 on the wall of storeroom 4 using idle idle room, can be with by transom 8
Air in storeroom 4 is aerated and is taken a breath, melt pit 2, the edge of melt pit 2 are built in the subsurface digging in storeroom 4 later
The depth of inner wall 20cm apart from storeroom 4, melt pit 2 are 30cm, and the bottom of melt pit 2 is provided with the draining reached above the ground
Pipe 12 and snorkel 3 are equipped with water pump 11 on the drainpipe 12, straw group are placed in snorkel 3, can by drainpipe 12
To exclude the moisture generated in storage in time, the dampness of 4 bottom of storeroom is avoided, influences the hoarding effect of potato seed, is led to
Dehumidifying can be aerated to storeroom 4 by crossing snorkel 3, and breathable membrane 1 has been built in the top of the melt pit 2, and breathable membrane 1 is adopted
It is formed with the plate of muti-piece concreting, there are the gap of 2cm between adjacent two plate, the perimeter at 1 top of melt pit is taken
Plank fence 6 is had, the height of plank fence 6 is less than the height of storeroom 4；
2. the disinfection treatment of storeroom: mixing forage is placed in melt pit 2, using mixing forage to sootiness in storeroom 4
120min, the mixing forage are the mixture of isobaric wormwood, camphor tree leaf and Dalmatian chrysanthemum, and sootiness is enough to carrying out in storeroom 4
Expelling parasite and the growth for inhibiting pest, after sootiness, on the plank fence 6 in storeroom 4, on ground and top spray matter
The salt water that concentration is 30% is measured, the pathogenic bacteria bred in storeroom 4 can be killed using salt water sprinkling, mentioned for the storage of potato seed
For a clean, sterile environment, after sprayed, the hermatic door and transom 8 of storeroom 4 are closed, makes its sealing sterilization 5 days；
3. the processing of potato seed: in the season of potato harvest, fine day being selected to excavate potato, and screen healthy disease-free, nothing and break
Selected potato seed is placed in ventilation later and dried 5 days by the potato kind of damage, can kill potato kind surface remaining using sunlight
Bacterium, germ, then potato seed is put into the uniconazole P solution that mass concentration is 5% and impregnates 30min, surface moisture, alkene are dried in taking-up
Azoles category broad spectrum activity, efficient plant growth regulator are imitated, with the effect of sterilization, tool inhibits cell growth, shortens internode, plant
It downgrades, promote lateral bud growth and flower_bud formation, promote the effect of resistance, thus utilize Seed Soaking with Uniconazole Solution, can effectively press down
Production of hybrid seeds potato advance germination；
4. the storage of potato seed is placed: 5 days before storage, needing to open the straw group in transom 8 and snorkel 3 to storeroom 4
Be aerated ventilation, then again on the plank fence 6 in storeroom 4, on ground and top by every square meter 10mL spray light
Catalyst aqueous solution after the completion of spraying, closes transom 8 and snorkel 3, and photocatalyst matches light, can kill pathogenic fungi, and only
Light is wanted to exist, photocatalyst plays a role with regard to sustainable, and sterile storage ambient is conducive to extend the storage time of potato seed, is
The continuous action of photocatalyst is kept, ultraviolet radiator can be installed at the top in storeroom 4, then to 3. treated through step
Potato seed is stored, when storage, first in the upper surface of breathable membrane 1 layer overlay Perserving materials layer 10, according still further to one layer of fresh-keeping material
The mode of 10 1 layers of potato seed layer 9 of the bed of material stacks, and the stack height of every layer of potato seed layer 9 is 40cm, the thickness of every layer of Perserving materials layer 10
Degree is 3cm, when being stacked to top layer's Perserving materials layer 10 apart from 6 top 25cm of plank fence, then in top layer's Perserving materials layer
10 cover the mixed soil 7 of one layer of 10cm thickness above, finally fill thermal insulation material 5 between plank fence 6 and storeroom 4 again,
The thermal insulation material is that isobaric rice husk and sawdust mix, and the mixed soil 7 is that thick river sand and rice straw press 1:
2 mass ratio mixes, and the partial size of the thick river sand is 100 mesh, the length 1cm of rice straw, and thick river sand and rice straw
After stalk mixing, it need to be made again with after 55% 1000 liquid of carbendazol wettable powder sprinkling sterilization, then after being exposed to the sun in the sun 10 days
With；The Perserving materials layer 10 includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 50 parts of rice bran, 50 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of plant ash, chitosan
10 parts, south China loosely 20 parts of needle, 10 parts of pomelo peel, 8 parts of honeysuckle, 15 parts of rape flower, 5 parts of tealeaves and 15 parts of hop residue,
Preparation method be first by south China loosely needle, pomelo peel, honeysuckle, rape flower shine dry grinding after, then with rice bran, diatomite, vegetation
It is made after ash, chitosan, tealeaves and hop residue mixing, the mechanism of action as the part material of fresh-keeping material layer 10 is selected to be:
Plant ash is the residue after draft and xylophyta burning, belongs to insoluble material, has very strong killing pathogen
And the effect of virus；Loosely needle contains a variety of active ingredients in south China, including volatility oils, polyatomic phenol, flavonoids, glucoside with
The functional mass such as terpene have anti-oxidant, expelling parasite, are antibacterial with many biological actions such as antiviral；Chitosan is in weakly acidic solvent
In it is easy to dissolve, it is worth pointing out that in dissolved solution contain amino (NH2+), these amino pass through combine negative electricity
Son inhibits bacterium.Chitosan can inhibit bacterial activity, it is made to have a wide range of applications in fields such as medicine, weaving and food,
Food applications antibacterial agent, antistaling agent and in terms of；The flavones content very abundant of rape pollen, and contain in pollen
Have a large amount of vitamin E (in every 100 grams of rape pollens containing 000 milligram of vitamin e1), using being a kind of strong antioxygen after broken wall
Agent facilitates potato seed antistaling agent Anti- tarnishing；Its action and efficacy of honeysuckle, rape flower and tealeaves is embodied in anti-inflammatory, two side of antibacterial
Face；Hop residue is the slag that hops generates after extraction when producing beer, and lupulones contained by hops has various bacteriums
There is stronger inhibiting effect；
After the potato seed layer 9 and Perserving materials layer 10 are alternately stacked, inserted vertically on potato seed layer 9 and Perserving materials layer 10
There are more bamboo trunks 13, aperture is machined on bamboo trunk 13, the bottom of bamboo trunk 13 is inserted on the Perserving materials layer 10 of the bottom, bamboo trunk
Top is higher by mixed soil 7, can timely be excluded the heat in potato seed heap in time by bamboo trunk 13；In order to avoid mouse gnaws
It eats potato seed and is placed with multiple rat destruction packets in storeroom 4, the rat destruction packet is by isobaric Folium Meliae, snake after potato seed is stored
After machine tool, rosin, wormwood and perilla leaf dries pulverizing, being packed into sandbag can be prepared by rat destruction packet；
5. daily management: potato seed storage after, inspect periodically the storage condition of potato seed, and control potato seed storage temperature at 15 DEG C,
Relative humidity control is after 70%, potato seed storage, if outdoor temperature is too low, can cover anti-fine hair grass at the top of storeroom 4,
During potato seed is stored, daily early morning needs to observe and record the temperature and humidity situation of change of potato seed, when potato seed storage
Temperature is not at 15 DEG C, when relative humidity is not in 70% range, needs reasonably to regulate and control storeroom 4 by snorkel 3, transom 8
Interior humidity and temperature.
The storage method of the present embodiment 3 is simple, it is at low cost, can not only effectively keep quality in potato seed storage
And freshness, and the temperature and relative humidity controlled during storing that can be stringent, prevent potato seed because storing improper infection disease
It does harm to and occurs to rot, can effectively extend the storage period of potato seed, stored potato seed 8 months using the storage practice of the present embodiment 3
Afterwards, storage the results show that potato seed without germination the phenomenon that, rotting rate 0.15%, can planting rates reached 99.85%.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of novel storage method of seed potato, it is characterised in that, the following steps are included:
1. building storeroom: selection directly builds storeroom (4) on the ground, is provided with transom on the wall of storeroom (4)
(8), the subsurface digging later in storeroom (4) is built melt pit (2), and the inner wall 10 of the Edge Distance storeroom (4) of melt pit (2)~
20cm, the bottom of melt pit (2) are provided with the drainpipe (12) and snorkel (3) reached above the ground, the drainpipe (12)
On be equipped with water pump (11), is placed with straw group in snorkel (3), has built breathable membrane (1) above the melt pit (2),
Perimeter at the top of melt pit (1) has been built plank fence (6), and the height of plank fence (6) is less than the height of storeroom (4)；
2. the disinfection treatment of storeroom: mixing forage is placed in melt pit (2), using mixing forage to storeroom (4) interior sootiness
60~120min, the mixing forage are the mixture of isobaric wormwood, camphor tree leaf and Dalmatian chrysanthemum, after sootiness, are being stored
On plank fence (6) in room (4), on ground and top spray mass concentration be 20~30% salt water, after sprayed,
The hermatic door and transom (8) for closing storeroom (4) make its sealing sterilization 3~5 days；
3. the processing of potato seed: in the season of potato harvest, fine day being selected to excavate potato, and screen healthy disease-free, nothing and break
Selected potato seed is placed in ventilation later and dried 3~5 days by the potato kind of damage, then it is 3~5% that potato seed, which is put into mass concentration,
20~30min is impregnated in uniconazole P solution, surface moisture is dried in taking-up；
4. the storage of potato seed is placed: 3~5 days before storage, needing to open the straw group pair in transom (8) and snorkel (3)
Storeroom (4) is aerated ventilation, then presses every square meter at the plank fence (6) in storeroom (4), on ground and top again
6~10mL sprays Photocatalyst water solution, after the completion of spraying, closes transom (8) and snorkel (3), then 3. handle through step
Potato seed afterwards is stored, when storage, first in the upper surface of breathable membrane 1 layer overlay Perserving materials layer (10), according still further to one layer
The mode of (10) one layers of potato seed layer (9) of Perserving materials layer stacks, and the stack height of every layer of potato seed layer (9) is 30~40cm, and every layer
Perserving materials layer (10) with a thickness of 1~3cm, be stacked to top layer's Perserving materials layer (10) apart from the top of plank fence (6) 15
When~25cm, then the mixed soil (7) of one layer of 5~10cm thickness is covered in top layer's Perserving materials layer (10) above, finally exist again
Thermal insulation material (5) are filled between plank fence (6) and storeroom (4)；
5. daily management: after potato seed storage, inspecting periodically the storage condition of potato seed, and control the temperature of potato seed storage 12~15
DEG C, relative humidity is controlled 60~70%.
2. a kind of novel storage method of seed potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4. in,
The mixed soil (7) is that thick river sand and rice straw are mixed by the mass ratio of 1:1~2, and the partial size of the thick river sand is
After 50~100 mesh, 0.5~1cm of length of rice straw, and thick river sand and rice straw mixing, need to 50~55% carbendazim
It is reused after the sprinkling sterilization of 800~1000 liquid of wettable powder, then after being exposed to the sun in the sun 8~10 days.
3. a kind of novel storage method of seed potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4. in,
The Perserving materials layer (10) includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 30~50 parts of rice bran, 30~50 parts of diatomite, plant ash 5~
10 parts, 5~10 parts of chitosan, south China loosely 10~20 parts of needle, 5~10 parts of pomelo peel, 5~8 parts of honeysuckle, rape flower 10~15
Part, 3~5 parts of tealeaves and 8~15 parts of hop residue, preparation method is first by south China loosely needle, pomelo peel, honeysuckle, rape
It is made after flower shines dry grinding, then after being mixed with rice bran, diatomite, plant ash, chitosan, tealeaves and hop residue.
4. a kind of novel storage method of seed potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 5. in,
Potato seed storage period covers anti-fine hair grass at the top of storeroom (4).
5. a kind of novel storage method of seed potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4. in,
The thermal insulation material (5) is that isobaric rice husk and sawdust mix.
6. a kind of novel storage method of seed potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4. in,
It is vertical on potato seed layer (9) and Perserving materials layer (10) after the potato seed layer (9) and Perserving materials layer (10) are alternately stacked
More bamboo trunks (13) are fitted with, aperture, the Perserving materials layer of the bottom insertion bottom of bamboo trunk (13) are machined on bamboo trunk (13)
(10) mixed soil (7) are higher by, at the top of bamboo trunk.
7. a kind of novel storage method of seed potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4. in,
After potato seed storage, be placed with multiple rat destruction packets in the storeroom (4), the rat destruction packet be by isobaric Folium Meliae, frutus cnidii,
After rosin, wormwood and perilla leaf dries pulverizing, being packed into sandbag can be prepared by rat destruction packet.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110973235A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-10 | 天津丰华裕隆农业发展股份有限公司 | Preservation method for sweet potatoes |
| CN112400489B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-17 | 贵州省草地技术试验推广站 | Storage bin for improving storage performance of pasture and storage method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109511732A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽省阜阳永祥良种服务有限责任公司 | A kind of sweet potato storage method |
| CN109618679A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 天津丰华裕隆农业发展股份有限公司 | A kind of sweet potato fresh-keeping and preserving method of extended shelf life |
| CN109769928A (en) * | 2019-03-23 | 2019-05-21 | 罗平县经济作物技术推广站 | A kind of indoor method for storing and refreshing of jerusalem artichoke |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109511732A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽省阜阳永祥良种服务有限责任公司 | A kind of sweet potato storage method |
| CN109618679A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 天津丰华裕隆农业发展股份有限公司 | A kind of sweet potato fresh-keeping and preserving method of extended shelf life |
| CN109769928A (en) * | 2019-03-23 | 2019-05-21 | 罗平县经济作物技术推广站 | A kind of indoor method for storing and refreshing of jerusalem artichoke |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110973235A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-10 | 天津丰华裕隆农业发展股份有限公司 | Preservation method for sweet potatoes |
| CN112400489B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-17 | 贵州省草地技术试验推广站 | Storage bin for improving storage performance of pasture and storage method thereof |
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