CN110342882A - A kind of concrete and preparation method thereof for low temperature environment - Google Patents
A kind of concrete and preparation method thereof for low temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110342882A CN110342882A CN201910659957.XA CN201910659957A CN110342882A CN 110342882 A CN110342882 A CN 110342882A CN 201910659957 A CN201910659957 A CN 201910659957A CN 110342882 A CN110342882 A CN 110342882A
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- concrete
- low temperature
- temperature environment
- flyash
- miberal powder
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
Abstract
The concrete and preparation method thereof that the invention discloses a kind of for low temperature environment, the concrete includes the substance of following mass percent: the cement of 10~13wt%, the flyash of 0~3wt%, the miberal powder of 0~1wt%, the gravelstone of 20~28wt%, the middle stone of 20~28%wt, the water of 4~8%wt, the compound additive of 0.1~1%wt, surplus are sand.The preparation method comprises the steps of: that (1) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed evenly by quality proportioning, is slow added into compound additive, water；(2) it vibrates molding after stirring 2~5min；(3) demoulding after hardening is stood to concrete, and test specimen is put into maintenance 7~90d age in standard curing room.When double-doped flyash-miberal powder of the invention, hole between gelling material particles system preferably can be filled mutually, to make the porosity after cementitious material aquation reduce, compaction rate is improved, and the mechanical property and durability of concrete meet low temperature environment requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to concrete material and its preparation methods, specially a kind of for the concrete of low temperature environment and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, concrete is applied to the environment area of low temperature and the big temperature difference more and more, mainly includes storage tank, low
The various aspects such as the cold store and high and cold, polar region, bathypelagic civil construction project, hydraulic engineering construction of temperature.Research is different
Admixture is to the mechanical property of concrete for hydraulic structure and the influence of anti-permeability performance under low temperature, big temperature difference condition, for opening up water conservancy project
Use of the concrete under low temperature, big temperature difference condition has essential scientific guidance meaning.
China northeast, northwest and Qinghai-Tibet Platean etc. area winter it is very cold, the duration is long, the lowest temperature usually-
Between 20 DEG C Dao -30 DEG C.China inevitably needs the west area under high and cold, big temperature difference condition to carry out a large amount of engineering
Construction.Currently, China is less to the concrete performance research under high and cold, big temperature difference condition.Severe cold area winter, Xia Liangji are round the clock
Influence of the temperature difference to concrete properties is relatively obvious, and most concrete structure do not consider in the design phase it is low
The influence of warm aspect, the influence for ignoring these factors may result in the not reasonable of Concrete Design under psychro-environment.
Summary of the invention
A kind of goal of the invention: coagulation that is good the object of the present invention is to provide big temperature difference stability and being suitable for low temperature environment
Soil, it is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of simply and easily preparation methods for the concrete of low temperature environment.
Technical solution: a kind of concrete for low temperature environment of the present invention, the object including following mass percent
Matter: the cement of 10~13wt%, the flyash of 0~3wt%, the miberal powder of 0~1wt%, the gravelstone of 20~28wt%, 20~
The middle stone of 28%wt, the water of 4~8%wt, the compound additive of 0.1~1%wt, surplus are sand.
Wherein, the diameter of middle stone is 20~40mm, and the diameter of gravelstone is 5~20mm；Cement is 42.5 type ordinary silicon of P.O
Acid salt cement；II grades of flyash F class, specific surface area are 360~370m2/kg；Miberal powder is S95 grades of miberal powders, specific surface area 440
~450m2/kg；Compound additive is HT-HPC polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and air entraining agent, HT-HPC polycarboxylic type high performance water reducer
Mass percent be 85~90wt%, the mass percent of air entraining agent is 10~15wt%, at the same be added so that water-reducing agent and
Air entraining agent is best to the function and effect of concrete.
It is preferred that the substance of following mass percent: the cement of 10.9~11.6wt%, the flyash of 1~1.3wt%, 0.5
The miberal powder of~1wt%, the gravelstone of 26.8~27.3wt%, the middle stone of 25.8~26.8%wt, the water of 5.9~7.1%wt, 0.3
The compound additive of~0.4%wt, surplus are sand.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned concrete for low temperature environment comprising the steps of:
(1) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed by quality proportioning, uses revolving speed
The blender for being 2~3kW for 40~50r/min, power stirs evenly, then is poured slowly into compound additive, water；
(2) die-filling after 2~5min of stirring, it vibrates；
(3) concrete stands 24~30h, and sample shifting is put into 7~90d of maintenance in standard curing room by demoulding after hardening
Age.
Working principle: for west area low temperature environment to the adverse effect of concrete for hydraulic structure, the present invention has studied -25 DEG C
Under the conditions of concrete for hydraulic structure compression strength, anti-permeability performance and anti-carbonation properties.The present invention is with 1.3%, 1.9%, 2.8%
Doping quantity of fly ash mixes in concrete mix, carries out compression strength, anti-permeability performance, anti-carbonation properties to concrete sample and tries
It tests, analyzes influence of the doping quantity of fly ash to the compression strength of concrete, anti-permeability performance and anti-carbonation properties, and be added to double-doped
Flyash-miberal powder test group and do not mix mineral admixture test group, so that it is determined that mineral admixture optimal in match ratio with
Volume relationship.It is required according to mix-design, trial concrete strength is determined by calculation first, determine that water-cement ratio, unit are used
Water, sandstone dosage etc. obtain the test match ratio of concrete.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, when double-doped flyash-miberal powder, because the hole between gelling material particles system preferably can be filled mutually,
To make the compaction rate after cementitious material aquation greatly improve, the porosity of hardened paste is reduced, the mechanical property of concrete
Meet low temperature environment requirement with durability；
2, in addition, double-doped flyash-miberal powder is not only provided simultaneously with single concrete adulterated with fly ash and singly mixes Concrete With Ground Slag
Advantage also controls or overcomes single concrete adulterated with fly ash and singly mixes the negative effect of Concrete With Ground Slag, flyash and miberal powder it is comprehensive
Closing effect keeps pozzolanic reaction more abundant, and concrete inner structure is more closely knit, and permeation pathways greatly reduce；
3, after Concrete Double fly ash-miberal powder, part hole is filled by miberal powder in slurry, so that concrete pore rate drops
It is low, at the same in slurry hydrated calcium silicate gel content relative to single fly ash when increased, and hydrated calcium silicate gel is anti-
Carbonization ability does not decline, therefore the anti-carbonation properties of double-doped flyash-Concrete With Ground Slag are better than the coagulation of single fly ash
Soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the compression strength and curing age relational graph of the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Fig. 2 is the carbonation depth and curing age relational graph of the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Fig. 3 is the relative coefficient of permeability and curing age relational graph of the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Specific embodiment
In following embodiment, used HT-HPC polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and AE type air entraining agent are purchased from Shanxi
Huang Teng Chemical Co., Ltd..Cementitious material is cement, flyash, miberal powder, and cementitious material used is all the same.
Embodiment 1
(a) prepare 42.5 type ordinary portland cement of 11.6wt%P.O, II grades of 1.3wt%F class, specific surface area are
360m2The flyash of/kg, 32.2wt% sand, 20.0wt% diameter are the gravelstone of 5mm, and 28.0wt% diameter is in 20mm
Stone, the water of 5.9wt%, 1.0wt% compound additive, compound additive are the HT-HPC polycarboxylic type high performance water reducer of 85wt%
With the air entraining agent of 15wt%；
(b) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed by quality proportioning, uses revolving speed
The blender for being 2kW for 40r/min, power stirs evenly, then is poured slowly into compound additive, water；
(c) die-filling after stirring 2min, it vibrates；
(d) concrete stands demoulding after hardening for 24 hours, by sample shifting be put into standard curing room maintenance to 7d, 28d,
56d, 90d age.
Embodiment 2
(a) prepare 42.5 type ordinary portland cement of 11.0wt%P.O, II grades of 1.9wt%F class, specific surface area are
370m2The flyash of/kg, the sand of 35.0wt%, 28.0wt% diameter are the gravelstone of 20mm, and 20.0wt% diameter is 40mm's
Middle stone, 4.0wt% water, 0.1wt% compound additive, compound additive are the HT-HPC polycarboxylic type high performance water reducer of 86wt%
With the air entraining agent of 14wt%；
(b) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed by quality proportioning, uses revolving speed
The blender for being 2.2kW for 41r/min, power stirs evenly, then is poured slowly into compound additive, water；
(c) die-filling after stirring 3min, it vibrates；
(d) concrete stands 25h, demoulding after hardening, by sample shifting be put into standard curing room maintenance to 7d, 28d,
56d, 90d age.
Embodiment 3
(a) prepare 42.5 type ordinary portland cement of 10.1wt%P.O, II grades of 2.8wt%F class, specific surface area are
365m2The flyash of/kg, 0.5%wtS95 grades, specific surface area 445m2The miberal powder of/kg, 25.0wt% sand, 27.3wt% diameter
For the gravelstone of 12mm, 26.1wt% diameter is the middle stone of 30mm, 8.0wt% water, 0.2wt% compound additive, compound additive
For the HT-HPC polycarboxylic type high performance water reducer of 87wt% and the air entraining agent of 13wt%；
(b) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed by quality proportioning, uses revolving speed
The blender for being 2.4kW for 42r/min, power stirs evenly, then is poured slowly into compound additive, water；
(c) die-filling after stirring 4min, it vibrates；
(d) concrete stands 23h, demoulding after hardening, by sample shifting be put into standard curing room maintenance to 7d, 28d,
56d, 90d age.
Embodiment 4
(a) any admixture is not added in example 4.Prepare 42.5 type ordinary portland cement of 12.9wt%P.O, 29.3wt%
Sand, gravelstone of the 24.5wt% diameter for 7mm, middle stone of the 25.8wt% diameter for 22mm, 7.1wt% water, 0.4wt% are compound additional
Agent, compound additive are the HT-HPC polycarboxylic type high performance water reducer of 89wt% and the air entraining agent of 11wt%；
(b) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed by quality proportioning, uses revolving speed
The blender for being 2.8kW for 47r/min, power stirs evenly, then is poured slowly into compound additive, water；
(c) die-filling after stirring 4min, it vibrates；
(d) after concrete stands 26h hardening, demoulding, by sample shifting be put into standard curing room maintenance to 7,28,56,
90 day age.
Embodiment 5
(a) prepare 42.5 type ordinary portland cement of 10.9wt%P.O, II grades of 1wt%F class, specific surface area 365m2/
The flyash of kg, 1wt%S95 grades, specific surface area 445m2The miberal powder of/kg, 27.3wt% sand, 26.8wt% diameter are 10mm
Gravelstone, 26.8wt% diameter is the middle stone of 20mm, and 5.9wt% water, 0.3wt% compound additive, compound additive is
The HT-HPC polycarboxylic type high performance water reducer of 90wt% and the air entraining agent of 10wt%；
(b) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed by quality proportioning, uses revolving speed
The blender for being 3kW for 50r/min, power stirs evenly, then is poured slowly into compound additive, water；
(c) die-filling after stirring 5min, it vibrates；
(d) after concrete stands 30h hardening, demoulding, by sample shifting be put into standard curing room maintenance to 7d, 28d,
56d, 90d age.
Contrast properties test
Four parallel laboratory tests are set, in addition to the weight percent of flyash, miberal powder is different from embodiment 5, remaining is all identical,
See Table 1 for details for specific formula.
1 raw material proportioning of table
| Mass percent | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 |
| Flyash | 1 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 0 |
| Miberal powder | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Compression strength such as Fig. 1, double-doped flyash-Concrete With Ground Slag is maximum.With the growth of age, agent on crack resistance of concrete pressure
Degree increases and also gradually slows down.When single fly ash, concrete compression strength early period reduces, age with the increase of doping quantity of fly ash
After phase 28d, concrete crushing strength is gradually increased, and the concrete crushing strength that volume is 1.9wt% is maximum.
Such as Fig. 2, for double-doped flyash-Concrete With Ground Slag in 28d, 56d, 90d, carbonation depth, which is greater than, is not incorporated into any mineral
The carbonation depth of blending concrete, less than the carbonation depth of single concrete adulterated with fly ash.Illustrate either singly to mix or double-doped,
Agent on crack resistance of concrete carbonation properties after part of cement are replaced to decrease with miberal powder, flyash.
Such as Fig. 3, when double-doped flyash-miberal powder, the relative coefficient of permeability of concrete is minimum, i.e., the anti-permeability performance of concrete is most
It is good.In the case where single fly ash, the relative coefficient of permeability of concrete first reduces and increases afterwards with the increase of doping quantity of fly ash,
That is the anti-permeability performance of concrete is first promoted and is reduced afterwards.By comparative analysis, when doping quantity of fly ash is 1.9wt%, the phase of concrete
To infiltration coefficient minimum, i.e. the anti-permeability performance of concrete is best；Followed by doping quantity of fly ash be 1.3wt% concrete；Fine coal
When grey volume is 2.8wt%, the anti-permeability performance of concrete is worst.By comparative analysis, the concrete of non-fly ash and miberal powder
Anti-permeability performance is worst.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment, it is characterised in that the substance including following mass percent: 10~13wt%
Cement, the flyash of 0~3wt%, the miberal powder of 0~1wt%, the gravelstone of 20~28wt%, the middle stone of 20~28%wt, 4~
The water of 8%wt, the compound additive of 0.1~1%wt, surplus are sand.
2. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the middle stone is
20~40mm, the diameter of the gravelstone are 5~20mm.
3. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cement is P.O
42.5 type ordinary portland cement.
4. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flyash is F class
II grades of flyash, specific surface area are 360~370m2/kg。
5. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the miberal powder is S95 grades
Miberal powder, specific surface area are 440~450m2/kg。
6. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound additive is
HT-HPC polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and air entraining agent.
7. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the HT-HPC polycarboxylic acids
The mass percent of type high efficiency water reducing agent is 85~90wt%, and the mass percent of the air entraining agent is 10~15wt%.
8. a kind of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following quality percentage
Several substances: the cement of 10.9~11.6wt%, the flyash of 1~1.3wt%, the miberal powder of 0.5~1wt%, 26.8~
The gravelstone of 27.3wt%, the middle stone of 25.8~26.8%wt, the water of 5.97.1%wt, the compound additive of 0.3~0.4%wt,
Surplus is sand.
9. a kind of preparation method of the concrete for low temperature environment, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
(1) weighted cement, flyash, miberal powder, sand, gravelstone and middle stone are successively mixed and stirred for uniformly by quality proportioning,
It is poured slowly into compound additive, water again；
(2) die-filling after 2~5min of stirring, it vibrates；
(3) after concrete stands hardening in 24~30 hours, sample shifting is put into maintenance 7~90d age in standard curing room by demoulding
Phase.
10. a kind of preparation method of concrete for low temperature environment according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described
The revolving speed stirred in step (1) is 40~50r/min, power is 2~3kW.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910659957.XA CN110342882A (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | A kind of concrete and preparation method thereof for low temperature environment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910659957.XA CN110342882A (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | A kind of concrete and preparation method thereof for low temperature environment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110342882A true CN110342882A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
Family
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113146798A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉中彭化学科技有限公司 | Concrete glue reducing agent detection method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101759409A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2010-06-30 | 四川省富侨工业有限公司 | Anti-freezing concrete |
| CN103482932A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2014-01-01 | 句容联众科技开发有限公司 | Frost-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN106830835A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-13 | 天津港航工程有限公司 | Using the frost-resistant concrete of steam curing process |
| CN107686315A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-13 | 北京铁建永泰新型建材有限公司 | Freeze proof mass concrete |
-
2019
- 2019-07-19 CN CN201910659957.XA patent/CN110342882A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101759409A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2010-06-30 | 四川省富侨工业有限公司 | Anti-freezing concrete |
| CN103482932A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2014-01-01 | 句容联众科技开发有限公司 | Frost-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN106830835A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-13 | 天津港航工程有限公司 | Using the frost-resistant concrete of steam curing process |
| CN107686315A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-13 | 北京铁建永泰新型建材有限公司 | Freeze proof mass concrete |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113146798A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉中彭化学科技有限公司 | Concrete glue reducing agent detection method |
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