CN110342716B - Zero discharge system of desulfurization waste water of coal-fired plant - Google Patents

Zero discharge system of desulfurization waste water of coal-fired plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110342716B
CN110342716B CN201910646637.0A CN201910646637A CN110342716B CN 110342716 B CN110342716 B CN 110342716B CN 201910646637 A CN201910646637 A CN 201910646637A CN 110342716 B CN110342716 B CN 110342716B
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heat exchange
communicated
outlet
exchange device
waste water
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CN110342716A (en
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闵敏
周旋
丁永立
鞠小锋
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Yancheng Institute of Technology
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Yancheng Institute of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1425Regeneration of liquid absorbents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1481Removing sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/16Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/38Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/18Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/007Modular design

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal-fired plant desulfurization wastewater zero discharge system, which comprises an original flue, an evaporation crystallization heat exchange device, a cyclone separator, an absorption tower, a crystallization tank and a centrifugal separator, wherein a flue gas inlet of the absorption tower is communicated with the original flue, the evaporation crystallization heat exchange device is arranged on the original flue, a desulfurization wastewater outlet of the absorption tower is communicated with a wastewater inlet of the evaporation crystallization heat exchange device, an outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with a wastewater inlet of the crystallization tank, a supernatant outlet of the crystallization tank is communicated with the wastewater inlet of the evaporation crystallization heat exchange device through a return pipe, a precipitate outlet of the crystallization tank is communicated with a sample inlet of the centrifugal separator, and a liquid outlet of the centrifugal separator is communicated with the return pipe. The coal-fired plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system provided by the technical scheme can effectively solve the problems of high operation cost and unstable system operation of the existing zero-discharge treatment method, and can effectively realize zero discharge of desulfurization wastewater and recovery of evaporated condensate water and crystallized salt.

Description

Zero discharge system of desulfurization waste water of coal-fired plant
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater discharge, in particular to a coal-fired plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system.
Background
Limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization is the most widely applied and technically mature flue gas desulfurization process technology in the world at present. In order to ensure the normal operation of the desulfurization system, the content of chloride ions in the system is controlled within a reasonable concentration range, and a certain amount of desulfurization wastewater must be discharged. The pH value of the desulfurization wastewater is 4-6, the desulfurization wastewater has the characteristics of high concentration of suspended matters (mainly desulfurization products such As calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite and the like and dust), high salinity, high hardness, high corrosivity and the like, and also contains heavy metal ions such As Hg, Pb, As, Cd, Se and the like. And because of the change of factors such as coal-fired composition, combustion condition and limestone quality, its water quality and water yield all have instability. The conventional treatment process of the desulfurization wastewater generally adopts a coagulating sedimentation method (commonly called a triple box process), namely four steps of neutralization, sedimentation, flocculation and clarification, and the effluent quality can meet the requirements of limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization wastewater quality control index of thermal power plants (DL/T997-2006), but still has high salt content、Cl-、F-High content, and the like, and the direct discharge can cause secondary pollution and can not meet the increasingly strict environmental protection requirements at present. The traditional extensive discharge modes such as coal yard spraying, ash yard spraying, hydraulic slag flushing and the like are gradually stopped from the aspect of national policies. Therefore, in recent years, zero-emission treatment of desulfurization waste water has attracted more and more attention.
At present, the zero discharge treatment of desulfurization wastewater can be generally divided into two main categories of direct evaporation and pretreatment plus evaporative crystallization. The direct evaporation is carried out by methods such as an evaporation tank, flue spray evaporation and the like, the pretreatment is carried out by methods such as a coagulating sedimentation method, softening, concentrating and the like, and the methods can be used jointly or independently according to requirements; the evaporative crystallization comprises multiple-effect evaporation, mechanical vapor recompression evaporation and the like. But the problems of high operation cost and unstable system operation generally exist. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new technical solution to comprehensively solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a zero discharge system for desulfurization wastewater of a coal-fired plant, which can effectively solve the problems of high operation cost and unstable system operation of the conventional zero discharge treatment method and can effectively realize zero discharge of desulfurization wastewater and recovery of condensed water and crystallized salt after evaporation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a coal-fired plant desulfurization waste water zero release system, includes former flue, evaporation crystallization heat transfer device, cyclone, absorption tower, crystallizer and centrifuge, the flue gas entry of absorption tower with former flue is linked together, evaporation crystallization heat transfer device sets up on the former flue, the desulfurization waste water export of absorption tower is linked together with evaporation crystallization heat transfer device's waste water entry, cyclone's export with the waste water entry of crystallizer is linked together, the supernatant export of crystallizer is linked together through back flow and evaporation crystallization heat transfer device's waste water entry, the precipitate export of crystallizer with centrifuge's introduction port is linked together, centrifuge's liquid outlet with the back flow is linked together.
Preferably, the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange tube, and the diameter of the heat exchange tube is gradually increased from the original flue end to the cyclone separator end.
Coal-fired plant desulfurization waste water zero discharge system that provides among the above-mentioned technical scheme, it evaporates crystallization heat transfer device to set up on former flue to get into at former flue gas, the desulfurization waste water that gets rid of the suspended solid gets into in evaporating crystallization heat transfer device from evaporating crystallization heat transfer device's waste water entry through the waste water conveyer pipe from the desulfurization waste water export of absorption tower, utilize evaporation crystallization heat transfer device with the dust remover export, absorption tower entry flue gas waste heat is used for the evaporative crystallization of desulfurization waste water to handle, the waste water export that crystal and concentrated desulfurization waste water pass through cyclone bottom gets into the crystallizer, get into the absorption tower from the flue gas entry of absorption tower after former flue gas temperature reduces and realize SO tower2Removing; the coal-fired plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system provided by the invention effectively realizes desulfurization wastewater zero discharge and recovery of condensed water and crystallized salt after evaporation, and meanwhile, the process route is simple, the operation and maintenance cost is low, and the operation is reliable and stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a zero discharge system of desulfurization wastewater of a coal-fired plant according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fan; 2. an original flue; 3. a cyclone separator; 4. a crystallization tank; 5. a centrifugal separator; 6. a circulation pump; 7. a return pipe; 8. an absorption tower; 9. a waste water pump; 10. an evaporative crystallization heat exchange device; 11. a heat exchange tube.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is shown in figure 1, and the zero discharge system of desulfurization waste water in a coal-fired plant comprises an original flue 2, an evaporative crystallization heat exchange device 10 and a cyclone separator 3, the device comprises an absorption tower 8, a crystallization tank 4 and a centrifugal separator 5, wherein a flue gas inlet of the absorption tower 8 is communicated with an original flue 2, an evaporative crystallization heat exchange device 10 is arranged on the original flue 2, a desulfurization waste water outlet of the absorption tower 8 is communicated with a waste water inlet of the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device 10 through a waste water pump 9, an outlet of a cyclone separator 3 is communicated with a waste water inlet of the crystallization tank 4, a supernatant outlet of the crystallization tank 4 is communicated with a waste water inlet of the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device 10 through a return pipe 7, a precipitate outlet of the crystallization tank 4 is communicated with a sample inlet of the centrifugal separator 5, a liquid outlet of the centrifugal separator 5 is communicated with the return pipe 7, and a circulating pump 6 is arranged on the return pipe 7; the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device 10 comprises a heat exchange tube 11, and the diameter of the heat exchange tube 11 is gradually increased from the original flue 2 end to the cyclone separator 3 end. The method comprises the following steps that raw flue gas is sent into a raw flue 2 by a fan 1, the raw flue gas enters a heat exchanger of an evaporative crystallization heat exchange device 10, desulfurization waste water enters a heat exchange pipe 11 from a nozzle with the smallest pipe diameter and uniformly distributed on the periphery of a pipeline, liquid drops are atomized and accelerated by high-speed airflow, heat transfer between the gas and the liquid is accelerated, moisture in the desulfurization waste water is rapidly evaporated into steam, salt is concentrated, and evaporative crystallization of the waste water is realized; meanwhile, along with the increase of the pipe diameter of the heat exchange pipe 11, the air flow velocity is reduced and the pressure is increased again, so that the condensation speed of crystallized particles as condensation nuclei is increased, and liquid drops with larger diameter are formed so as to be conveniently captured by the cyclone separator 3; the gas containing water vapor is defoamed by the cyclone 3 and is discharged from a gas outlet at the top of the cyclone 3.
The principle of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the coal-fired plant provided by the invention is as follows: raw flue gas enters a heat exchange pipe of an evaporative crystallization heat exchange device arranged on a raw flue, desulfurization waste water for removing suspended matters enters the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device from a waste water inlet of the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device through a waste water conveying pipe from a desulfurization waste water outlet of an absorption tower, the raw flue gas replaces heat for the desulfurization waste water, the desulfurization waste water is evaporated and crystallized, crystals and concentrated desulfurization waste water enter a crystallization tank through a waste water outlet at the bottom of a cyclone separator, and the raw flue gas enters the absorption tower from a flue gas inlet of the absorption tower after the temperature of the raw flue gas is reduced to realize SO2And (4) removing.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent changes and substitutions without departing from the principle of the present invention after learning the content of the present invention, and these equivalent changes and substitutions should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a coal-fired plant desulfurization waste water zero release system which characterized in that: the device comprises an original flue, an evaporative crystallization heat exchange device, a cyclone separator, an absorption tower, a crystallization tank and a centrifugal separator, wherein a flue gas inlet of the absorption tower is communicated with the original flue, the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device is arranged on the original flue, a desulfurization wastewater outlet of the absorption tower is communicated with a wastewater inlet of the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device, an outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with a wastewater inlet of the crystallization tank, a supernatant outlet of the crystallization tank is communicated with the wastewater inlet of the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device through a return pipe, a precipitate outlet of the crystallization tank is communicated with a sample inlet of the centrifugal separator, and a liquid outlet of the centrifugal separator is communicated with the return pipe; the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange tube, and the diameter of the heat exchange tube is gradually increased from the original flue end to the cyclone separator end;
the method comprises the following steps that raw flue gas is sent into a raw flue by a fan, the raw flue gas enters a heat exchanger of an evaporative crystallization heat exchange device, desulfurization waste water enters the heat exchange tube from nozzles uniformly distributed on the periphery of a pipeline with the smallest pipe diameter, liquid drops are atomized and accelerated by high-speed airflow, heat transfer between the gas and the liquid is accelerated, moisture in the desulfurization waste water is rapidly evaporated into steam, salt is concentrated, and evaporative crystallization of the waste water is realized; meanwhile, along with the increase of the pipe diameter of the heat exchange pipe, the air flow velocity is reduced and the pressure is increased again, so that the condensation speed of crystallized particles as condensation nuclei is increased, and liquid drops with larger diameters are formed so as to be conveniently collected by the cyclone separator; the gas containing the water vapor is subjected to de-entrainment through the cyclone separator and is discharged from a gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator.
2. The coal-fired plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the return pipe is provided with a circulating pump.
3. The coal-fired plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a wastewater pump is arranged between the desulfurization wastewater outlet of the absorption tower and the wastewater inlet of the evaporative crystallization heat exchange device.
CN201910646637.0A 2019-07-17 2019-07-17 Zero discharge system of desulfurization waste water of coal-fired plant Active CN110342716B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998030312A1 (en) * 1995-06-21 1998-07-16 Huovilainen Reino T Method and device for purification of smoke and process gases
CN203550673U (en) * 2013-08-01 2014-04-16 宁波大学 Evaporative cooler
CN105645491A (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-06-08 北京科清环保科技有限公司 Water purification system and process
EP3050852A1 (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-03 Omya International AG Process for manufacturing a solution of an earth alkali hydrogen carbonate
CN206424722U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-08-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of processing unit of sodium method flue gas desulphurization waste solution
CN107596883A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-19 华电电力科学研究院 A kind of desulfurization wastewater Zero discharging system and its method of work
CN108744565A (en) * 2018-07-31 2018-11-06 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北分公司 A kind of evaporative crystallization heat-exchanger rig and coal fired plant desulfurization wastewater Zero discharging system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998030312A1 (en) * 1995-06-21 1998-07-16 Huovilainen Reino T Method and device for purification of smoke and process gases
CN203550673U (en) * 2013-08-01 2014-04-16 宁波大学 Evaporative cooler
EP3050852A1 (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-03 Omya International AG Process for manufacturing a solution of an earth alkali hydrogen carbonate
CN105645491A (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-06-08 北京科清环保科技有限公司 Water purification system and process
CN206424722U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-08-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of processing unit of sodium method flue gas desulphurization waste solution
CN107596883A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-19 华电电力科学研究院 A kind of desulfurization wastewater Zero discharging system and its method of work
CN108744565A (en) * 2018-07-31 2018-11-06 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北分公司 A kind of evaporative crystallization heat-exchanger rig and coal fired plant desulfurization wastewater Zero discharging system

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