CN110313407A - A kind of cleaning welfare-type group rearing pigsty and space layout method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry engineering, and relates to a clean and welfare group raising pigsty and a spatial layout method. Open partitions are installed on the outside of the excretion area and the activity area corresponding to the excretion area in the pigsty unit, and leaks are installed on the bottom The floor, the rest area and the activity area corresponding to the rest area are equipped with semi-enclosed partitions and a solid floor at the bottom, drinking fountains are fixed on the slatted floor of the activity area, and feeding fountains are fixed on the solid floor of the activity area. The feeder, the connection between the excretion area and the rest area is fixedly installed with an escape wall, and the excrement and urine ditch is set under the slatted floor. The area of the slatted floor is 1/2 of the solid floor area. The excretion areas of the pigsty units are opposite, and there is a walkway between the excretion areas of adjacent pigsty units. This group of pigsty can improve the cleanliness of the pigsty, reduce the occurrence of abnormal behavior, improve production efficiency, and realize the cleanliness of pig breeding sex, welfare and efficiency.

Description

A clean and welfare group pigsty and its spatial layout method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry engineering, and relates to a clean and welfare group raising pigsty and a spatial layout method.

Background technique

Food and pigs are safe for the world. The pig industry is an important part of agriculture. Pork is an important food for urban and rural residents. The development of the pig industry is of great significance to ensuring market supply, increasing farmers' income, and promoting stable economic and social development. In recent years, the standardized scale breeding of live pigs in my country has continued to advance, the transformation of production methods has been accelerated, and the comprehensive production capacity has been significantly enhanced, effectively ensuring the pork consumption demand of urban and rural residents. However, my country's pig farming industry is still in a critical period of transformation and upgrading. The environmental protection pressure of pig farming is increasing, and clean and green farming is facing severe challenges. The production efficiency of pig farming is significantly lower than that of developed countries, and international competitiveness still needs to be improved.

At present, the main factors that affect the source reduction of pig breeding waste, process control, and the realization of "clean farming" are as follows: ①The manure cleaning system, the manure cleaning process, the manure cleaning frequency and the manure cleaning system determine the quality of manure and urine. The production amount, physical and chemical characteristics and residence time of waste in pig houses, which in turn affect the air cleanliness of pig houses (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, dust, airborne microorganisms, etc.), sewage production, sewage treatment difficulty, feces Many indicators, such as nutrient content, have an important impact on the post-processing of pig breeding manure, sewage, harmful gases and other wastes; ②Drinking water system, the application of automatic drinking fountains in the pig breeding process can ensure that pigs can drink fresh water at any time, However, pigs often produce a lot of wasted water in the process of drinking or playing with water. The water wasted by drinking fountains mixes with feces and urine to become sewage, which leads to an increase in the amount of sewage from pig farming. The drinking fountain structure and installation method in the drinking water system (height and position) and water flow velocity, water pressure, etc., are all factors that affect the amount of drinking water waste and the amount of sewage generated by pig breeding; The production of pens has a great impact. The design of pens to reduce the frequency of urination and defecation in the lying area can reduce the negative impact on the environment in the house, and can also avoid the increase in the amount of sewage caused by frequent cleaning of the pens, which is reasonable. The appropriate housing layout (arrangement of feeding equipment, pen shape and area, pen separation method), floor type can provide pigs with a pen with a functional area, and promote pigs to excrete in the excretion area, thereby reducing the floor of the pen. And the pollution degree of the environment in the house, coupled with the appropriate flushing method of the house, can save a lot of water for flushing the house, reduce the amount of sewage from the source, and reduce the difficulty of manure treatment.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a clean welfare group pigsty and a spatial layout method in order to solve the problem that the existing pigsty produces a lot of waste, is not environmentally friendly, and causes low production efficiency of pig breeding.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a clean and welfare group pigsty, which includes several pigsty units, and each pigsty unit includes an activity area in the front left, an excretion area in the rear left and a rest area in the right. The excretion area and the activity area corresponding to the excretion area are equipped with open partitions and slatted floors at the bottom, and the rest area and the activity area corresponding to the rest area are installed with semi-closed partitions and a solid floor at the bottom. A number of drinking fountains are fixedly installed on the slatted floor of the activity area, a feeder is fixedly installed on the solid floor of the activity area, an escape wall is fixedly installed at the connection between the excretion area and the rest area, and excrement and urine are installed under the slatted floor The area of the slatted floor is 1/2 of the area of the solid floor. The vertical pigsty units are arranged in a mirror image. The excretion areas of the horizontal pigsty units are opposite to each other. aisle.

The beneficial effects of this basic plan are:

The open fence is located above the slatted floor area. The fence-style fence made of metal pipes, together with the wall of the pig house, semi-closed fence, and pen door, together form a pigsty space. The open fence is conducive to adjacent The pigs communicate in the pigsty, which is convenient for the pigs to establish a concentrated excretion area through vision, touch and smell.

Semi-enclosed stalls are located above the solid floor, and the lower closed part of the semi-enclosed stall allows pigs to rest.

The drinking fountain is located on the slatted floor near the junction of the solid floor and the slatted floor of the pigsty for pigs to obtain drinking water. The feeder is located on the solid floor near the junction of the solid floor and the slatted floor of the pigsty for The location of feed feeding and pig feeding is close to the rest area and away from the excretion area, which is in line with the natural habits of pigs. The excrement and urine trench is located under the slatted floor for the collection, storage and disposal of pig manure and urine leaking from the slatted floor.

The slatted floor is located at one end of the side wall of the pig house. It is a prefabricated floor with gaps, and a feces and urine ditch is set below it. The pig feces and urine can be discharged to the dung and urine ditch under the action of natural gravity, pigs trampled on, and manual cleaning. , is an important symbol and part of the excretion area of the pigsty. Generally, the area of the slatted floor accounts for about 1/3 of the total area of the pigsty. The solid floor is located on both sides of the aisle in the pigsty. It is an important symbol and part of the rest area of the pigsty. Compared with the slatted floor, the solid floor is conducive to the comfort of the pigs and improves the rest quality and production efficiency of the pigs.

Further, the open partition is located above the slatted floor area, and the open partition is a fence-like fence piece made of metal pipes. Beneficial effects: the fence-type fencing made of metal pipes has low friction and will not scratch pigs.

Further, the semi-closed partition is located above the solid floor, and the semi-closed partition is a solid partition with 1/2 the height of the semi-closed partition added on the basis of the open partition, and the semi-closed partition is divided into two parts, the upper part is open and the lower part is closed . Beneficial effects: the semi-closed partition is located above the solid floor, and is a solid partition with 1/2 of the height of the partition added to the open partition, and the semi-closed partition is divided into two parts, the upper part is open and the lower part is closed. The wall, the open fence, and the pen door together form the space of the pigsty. The closed part of the lower part of the semi-closed fence is conducive to providing a quiet and independent rest area for the pigs, and avoiding the pigs in the adjacent pigsty to the pigs in the rest area. The open part above facilitates the ventilation and air circulation of the pigsty, which is conducive to the environmental regulation of the microenvironmental temperature and wind speed of the pigsty.

Further, the avoidance wall is a semi-closed partition, welfare toys are hinged on the avoidance wall, and the width of the avoidance wall is 1/3 of the width of the pigsty. Beneficial effects: the avoidance wall is located at the junction of the solid floor and the slatted floor, and belongs to a semi-closed fence with a width of about 1/3 of the fence width. At the same time, it can also provide hardware facilities to avoid disturbance for the pigs in excretion, which is in line with the excretion habits of pigs.

Furthermore, an oblique support rod is fixedly installed on the avoidance wall, and the oblique support rod is connected with a welfare toy through a metal chain. The welfare toy is one of the welfare bite chain and the straw bucket. Beneficial effects: Welfare toys are conducive to exerting the exploration habits of pigs and reducing the occurrence of abnormal behaviors such as tail biting, ear biting, and fighting.

Further, a fence door is installed on the semi-closed partition of the rest area, and the fence door is composed of a semi-closed partition and a door lock. Beneficial effects: The pen gate is located on both sides of the pigsty aisle, consisting of semi-closed partitions and door locks, together with the pig house wall, open partitions, and semi-closed partitions to form a pigsty space for pigs to enter and exit lock up.

Further, the pigsty unit is rectangular, and its aspect ratio is 2-3:1. Beneficial effect: the rectangular pigsty unit conforms to the living habits of pigs.

Further, the distance between the drinking fountain on the side of the feeder and the feeder is 20-30 cm. Beneficial effects: the drinking fountain is located close to the feeder, which is convenient for the pigs to obtain drinking water quickly and conveniently after eating, which is in line with the eating habits of the pigs. Drain to the feces and urine ditch, which is conducive to keeping the pigsty clean and dry.

Further, a spatial layout method for clean and welfare group pigsty. The longitudinal pigsty units are arranged in a mirror image, which is convenient for saving water supply lines; It is convenient for management personnel to clean up the aisle of feces, so that the excretion area is concentrated and it is convenient to dispose of feces.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The clean and welfare group pigsty disclosed by the present invention can solve the following problems: ① Strengthen the division of spatial functional areas of pigs in the pigsty, fully express the instinctive behavior of pigs to excrete at fixed points, and improve the ground of the pigsty and the body surface of the pigs. The cleanliness of the pigsty can be reduced, and the cleaning workload and water consumption of the pigsty can be reduced to achieve cleanliness; ② To improve the spatial richness of the pigsty, the avoidance wall can provide a hiding place for the pigs to avoid fighting, and the welfare toys can be used for the expression of the pigs' exploration behavior , reduce the occurrence of abnormal behaviors such as fighting, tail biting, and ear biting in the pig group, and achieve welfare; ③ Improve the rest quality of pigs, and prevent active pigs from affecting resting pigs through the rational layout of functional facilities such as feeders and drinking fountains. The degree of interference, improve feed utilization, and achieve high efficiency.

2. The clean and welfare group pigsty and the spatial layout method of the pigsty disclosed in the present invention can strengthen the spatial functional division of the pigs in the pigsty, improve the cleanliness of the pigsty, reduce the occurrence of abnormal behaviors, Improve production efficiency and realize the cleanliness, welfare and efficiency of pig breeding.

Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be set forth in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the investigation and research below, or can be obtained from Taught in the practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the following specification.

Description of drawings

In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solutions and advantages clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the plane layout drawing of each pigsty unit in the clean welfare type group breeding pigsty of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the functional zoning diagram of each pigsty unit in the clean welfare group raising pigsty of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of each pigsty unit in the clean welfare group pigsty of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the plane view of a plurality of pigsty units in the clean welfare type group breeding pigsty of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the installation of horizontally open partitions and semi-closed partitions in the clean welfare group pigsty of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the installation of the vertically open partition and the semi-closed partition in the clean welfare group pigsty of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the avoidance wall and welfare toys in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the avoidance wall and welfare toys in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Reference signs: activity area 1, excretion area 2, rest area 3, open partition 4, slatted floor 5, semi-closed partition 6, solid floor 7, drinking fountain 8, feeder 9, escape wall 10, walkway 11. Welfare toys 12. Enclosure gate 13. Urine ditch 14.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments are only schematically illustrating the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other in the case of no conflict.

Wherein, the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and represent only schematic diagrams, rather than physical drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, Enlargement or reduction does not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that certain known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

In the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar symbols correspond to the same or similar components; , "front", "rear" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred devices or elements must It has a specific orientation, is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the understanding of the specific meaning of the above terms.

Example 1

A clean and welfare group pigsty as shown in Figures 1 to 6, includes several pigsty units, and each pigsty unit includes an activity area 1 in the front left, an excretion area 2 in the rear left and a rest area in the right Area 3, the excretion area 2 and the outer side of the activity area 1 corresponding to the excretion area 2 are equipped with open partitions 4 and the bottom is equipped with a slatted floor 5, and the rest area 3 and the outer side of the activity area 1 corresponding to the rest area 3 are installed with Semi-enclosed barrier 6 and solid floor 7 are installed at the bottom, three drinking fountains 8 are fixedly installed on the slatted floor 5 of activity zone 1, and feeder 9 is fixedly installed on the solid floor 7 of activity zone 1, and feeder 9 The distance between the drinking fountain 8 on one side and the feeder 9 is 20-30cm. The drinking fountain 8 is located close to the feeder 9, which is convenient for the pigs to obtain drinking water quickly and conveniently after eating, which is in line with the eating habits of the pigs. Drain to the excrement and urine ditch 14, which is beneficial to keep the pigsty clean and dry.

The junction of the excretion area 2 and the rest area 3 is fixedly equipped with an escape wall 10, the escape wall 10 is a semi-closed partition 6, and welfare toys 12 are hinged on the escape wall 10, and the width of the escape wall 10 is 1/3 of the pigsty width. An oblique support rod is fixedly installed on the escape wall 10, and the oblique support rod is connected with a welfare toy 12 by a metal chain. The welfare toy 12 is a straw bucket as shown in FIG. 7 . Welfare toys 12 are conducive to exerting the exploration habit of pigs and reducing the occurrence of abnormal behaviors such as tail biting, ear biting, and fighting. The dodge wall 10 is located at the junction of the solid floor 7 and the slatted floor 5, and belongs to the semi-closed partition 6. The width of the dodge wall is about 1/3 of the fence width, and is used as the enclosure part of the excretion area 2 for the excretion area 2, The division of the rest area 3 can also provide hardware facilities to avoid disturbing the pigs in excretion, which is in line with the excretion habits of pigs. The lower part of the slatted floor 5 is provided with a feces and urine ditch 14, the area of the slatted floor 5 is 1/2 of the area of the solid floor 7, the vertical pigsty unit is arranged in a mirror image, the excretion area 2 of the horizontal pigsty unit is opposite, and the adjacent pigsty A walkway 11 is left between the unit excretion areas 2 to facilitate management personnel to clean up excrement.

The open partition 4 is located above the area of the slatted floor 5. The fence-like fence made of metal pipes, together with the wall of the pig house, the semi-closed partition 6, and the pen door 13, together form a pigsty space. The open partition 4 It is conducive to the communication of pigs in adjacent pigpens, and it is convenient for pigs to establish a relatively concentrated excretion area through vision, touch and smell 2. And the fence-style fencing made of metal pipes has low friction and will not scratch the pigs.

The semi-enclosed partition 6 is located above the solid floor 7, and the lower closed part of the semi-closed partition 6 is conducive to resting for the pigs. The semi-enclosed partition 6 is located above the solid floor 7. It is a solid partition that increases the height of the partition by 1/2 on the basis of the open partition 4. The partition is divided into two parts that are open at the top and closed at the bottom. , the open partition 4, and the pen gate 13 jointly form a pigsty space, and the closed part below the semi-closed partition 6 is conducive to providing a quiet and independent rest area 3 for the pigs, so as to avoid the pigs in the adjacent pigsty from interfering with the rest area. 3 The interference of pigs, the upper open part is convenient for the ventilation and air circulation of the pigsty, which is beneficial to the environmental regulation of the microenvironment temperature and wind speed of the pigsty.

The drinking fountain 8 is located on the slatted floor 5 near the junction of the pigsty solid floor 7 and the slatted floor 5, and is used for pigs to obtain drinking water, and the feeder 9 is located near the junction of the pigsty solid floor 7 and the slatted floor 5 On the solid floor 7, it is used for feeding and feeding of pigs. Its position is close to the rest area 3 and far away from the excretion area 2, which meets the natural habits of pigs. The excrement and urine ditch 14 is located below the slatted floor 5, and is used for collecting, storing and clearing up pig manure and urine leaked from the slatted floor 5.

The slatted floor 5 is located at one end of the side wall of the pig house. It is a prefabricated floor with gaps, and a feces and urine ditch 14 is arranged below, which can discharge pig feces and urine to the feces under the effects of natural gravity, pigs trampled on, and manual cleaning. The urinal ditch 14 is an important sign and part of the excretion area 2 of the pigsty. Generally, the area of the slatted floor 5 accounts for about 1/3 of the total area of the pigsty. The solid floor 7 is located on both sides of the aisle 11 in the pigsty, and is an important symbol and part of the rest area 3 of the pigsty. Compared with the slatted floor 5, the solid floor 7 is conducive to the comfort of pigs lying down, and improves the rest quality and production of pigs. efficiency.

On the semi-enclosed partition 6 of the rest area 3, a fence gate 13 is installed, and the fence gate 13 is made of a semi-closed partition and a door lock. The fence door 13 is located at both sides of the pigsty aisle 11 and is composed of a semi-closed partition 6 and a door lock. In and out of the pigsty. The pigsty unit is rectangular with an aspect ratio of 2 to 3:1. The rectangular pigsty unit conforms to the living habits of pigs.

Example 2

The welfare toy 12 in Embodiment 2 is a welfare bite chain as shown in FIG. 8 .

A spatial layout method for clean and welfare group pigsty. The vertical pigsty units are arranged in a mirror image, which is convenient for saving water supply lines; the horizontal pigsty unit excretion areas are opposite, and the excretion areas between adjacent pigsty units are convenient for management. Personnel clean up the excrement aisle, so that the excretion area is concentrated and it is convenient to dispose of the excrement.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A clean and welfare group pigsty, characterized in that it comprises several pigsty units, each pigsty unit includes an active area in the front left, an excretion area in the left rear and a rest area in the right, the excretion area Open partitions are installed on the outside of the activity area corresponding to the excretion area and a slatted floor is installed on the bottom; semi-closed partitions are installed on the outside of the rest area and the activity area corresponding to the rest area and a solid floor is installed on the bottom. A number of drinking fountains are fixedly installed on the slatted floor, a feeder is fixedly installed on the solid floor of the activity area, an escape wall is fixedly installed at the connection between the excretion area and the rest area, and a feces and urine ditch is installed under the slatted floor. The area of the slatted floor is 1/2 of the area of the solid floor. The longitudinal pigsty units are arranged in a mirror image, and the excretion areas of the horizontal pigsty units are opposite. 2. The clean and welfare group pigsty according to claim 1, wherein the open partition is located above the slatted floor area, and the open partition is a fence-type fence made of metal pipe. 3. The clean and welfare group pigsty of claim 1, wherein the semi-closed fence is located above the solid floor, and the semi-closed fence increases the height of the semi-closed fence by 1 on the basis of the open fence. The solid partition of /2 divides the semi-enclosed partition into two parts that are open at the top and closed at the bottom. 4. The clean and welfare group pigsty according to claim 3, wherein the shelter wall is a semi-closed partition, welfare toys are hinged on the shelter wall, and the width of the shelter wall is 1/3 of the width of the pigsty . 5. The clean and welfare group pigsty according to claim 4, wherein the shelter wall is fixed with an oblique support rod, and the oblique support rod is connected with a welfare toy by a metal chain, and the welfare toy is a welfare bite chain , one of the straw buckets. 6. The clean and welfare group pigsty according to claim 1, wherein a pen gate is installed on the semi-closed partition of the rest area, and the pen gate is composed of a semi-closed partition and a door lock. 7 . The clean welfare group pigsty according to claim 1 , wherein the unit of the pigsty is rectangular, and its aspect ratio is 2-3:1. 8. The clean welfare group pigsty according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the drinking fountain on the side of the feeder and the feeder is 20-30 cm. 9. A spatial layout method for clean and welfare group pigsty, characterized in that the vertical pigsty units are arranged in a mirror image, which is convenient for saving water supply lines; the horizontal pigsty unit discharge areas are opposite, and the adjacent pigsty units discharge The aisles between the areas are convenient for the management personnel to clean up the feces, so that the excretion areas are concentrated and easy to handle the feces.