CN110284922B - 一种co2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法 - Google Patents
一种co2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110284922B CN110284922B CN201910589978.9A CN201910589978A CN110284922B CN 110284922 B CN110284922 B CN 110284922B CN 201910589978 A CN201910589978 A CN 201910589978A CN 110284922 B CN110284922 B CN 110284922B
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound 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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/70—Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells
Abstract
一种CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法,适用于模拟CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试使用:前期准备阶段、瓦斯突出孕育阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯前瓦斯突出阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯阶段、压煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯后二氧化碳突出测试阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯防突措施评价;其步骤简单,检测性能好,可以模拟大尺度条件下突出煤层CO2地质封存及强化瓦斯抽采过程;可以开展不同条件下瓦斯突出模拟试验,以及注入二氧化碳后的二氧化碳突出模拟试验;通过对比不同二氧化碳地质封存条件下煤层二氧化碳突出强度以及与原始煤层瓦斯突出强度对比。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法,尤其适用于煤矿井下检测使用的CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法。
背景技术
煤与瓦斯突出(简称瓦斯突出)是煤矿井下含瓦斯煤岩以粉碎状从煤岩层中向采掘空间急剧(数秒到数分钟内完成)运动,并伴随大量瓦斯喷出的一种剧烈动力过程,严重威胁矿井的安全生产。由于对现场煤与瓦斯突出过程进行全方位实时跟踪研究的危险性太大,研究者大多通过研制相应的试验装置,依靠实验室模拟手段进行煤与瓦斯突出机制的探索。
向突出煤层注CO2不仅能驱替出吸附瓦斯,降低瓦斯突出风险,同时还能将CO2封存在煤层中,能有效减少温室效应,是一种一举多得的防突措施,得到国内外广泛关注。值得注意的是,CO2同样是一种可诱发突出气体,当煤层中CO2封存量达到一种程度时,极易导致煤与二氧化碳突出(简称二氧化碳突出),如果通过向突出煤层注CO2避免瓦斯突出的同时诱发了二氧化碳突出,则得不偿失,然而目前对于二氧化碳突出关注较少。
发明内容
针对上述技术不足之处,提出一种步骤简单,检测效果好的CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法。
为实现上述技术目的,本发明的CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法,其特征在于包括:前期准备阶段、瓦斯突出孕育阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯前瓦斯突出阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯阶段、压煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯后二氧化碳突出测试阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯防突措施评价;其具体步骤为:
1a) 从待测煤矿区域突出煤层中取样并进行现场调研,利用现场采集的煤块取样测定突出煤层的相关参数,确定试验方案中地应力、注水速率、压裂位置试验参数;
1b) 使用破碎筛将采集的煤块取样筛分成0-1 mm粒径的煤粒,向煤粒中加水搅拌制成6%含水率煤样备用;
1c)将6%含水率煤样装入可视化箱体,可视化箱体包括箱体腔体和箱体盖板,箱体腔体和箱体盖板之间设有密封圈并利用密封螺栓固定,可视化箱体的右侧开有突出口,可视化箱体底部与外界设有箱体充气口,可视化箱体顶部以及可视化箱体的左侧壁上和前侧壁上设有多个透明加载板,可视化箱体顶部的透明加载板有六个序号分别为X1-X6,可视化箱体前侧壁上的透明加载板有六个序号分别为Y1-Y6,可视化箱体的左侧壁上的透明加载板为Z1,每个透明加载板上设有加载活塞,加载活塞穿过箱体壁连通加压油缸;可视化箱体背面设有均匀步骤有多个安装孔,其中在可视化箱体的安装孔上设有外接接头,外接接头与可视化箱体的箱体壁之间设有密封垫,安装孔中根据需要设置有气压传感器、温度传感器或多功能钻孔,多功能钻孔包括封孔段、透气段,多功能钻孔全长0.5 m,封孔段长0.15m,透气段长0.35 m,透气段管壁周向和径向方向分布有透气孔,给多功能钻孔设置序号为A1-A6,在可视化箱体利用可视化箱体背部开设的安装孔向可视化箱体中的6%含水率煤样分别埋入气压传感器,最后使用加载活塞驱动透明加载板使6%含水率煤样在20 MPa条件下成型1 h后解除所有透明加载板对煤样的加压;
1d)在可视化箱体的右侧开有的突出口中安装瞬间突出门,所述瞬间突出门包括爆破片夹持器,爆破片夹持器一端设有安装法兰,爆破片夹持器内部分别设有相互串联的一级爆破片和二级爆破片,一级爆破片的爆破压力为0.4/MPa,二级爆破片的爆破压力为0.6/MPa,一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间的爆破片夹持器上设有突出门充气口,通过气源系统向一级爆破片和二级爆破片空间充气直到打开二级爆破片,同时瞬间诱爆一级爆破片,实现突出口瞬间打口,以模拟石门揭煤剧烈诱发因素诱导的突出工况;
在安装孔中设置气压传感器,气压传感器利用密封垫从可视化箱体外侧的传感器安装孔中插入,气压传感器尾端通过数据线和数据采集与控制系统连接,传感器安装孔内侧设有一根延伸设置在煤样内部的PU管,通过调整PU管开口端的位置以测试不同位置瓦斯压力,其中PU管与可视化箱体箱体壁之间设有PU气动接头;
在安装孔中设置温度传感器,所述温度传感器尾部连接的数据线通过转换接头和密封垫固定在可视化箱体的传感器安装孔中,将温度传感器和头部的数据线埋设在煤样中需要检测温度或应力的位置;
在安装孔中设置多功能钻孔,所述多功能钻孔尾部在可视化箱体上设有外接接头,外接接头与可视化箱体的箱体壁之间设有密封垫,多功能钻孔包括封孔段、透气段,多功能钻孔全长0.5 m,封孔段长0.15 m,透气段长0.35 m,透气段管壁周向和径向方向分布有透气孔,透气孔孔径2 mm,间距5 mm,具有抽采、注气、注水功能;
1e)将高压气瓶的出口分别与流量计Ⅰ和流量计Ⅱ相连接,其中高压气瓶与流量计Ⅱ之间设有真空泵,流量计Ⅰ通过管路与可视化箱体上的序号为A1的多功能钻孔相连接,流量计Ⅱ通过管路与可视化箱体的箱体充气口相连接,检测箱体及气管管路密封效果;
1f)在可视化箱体外侧和瞬间突出门处分别设置高速摄像机;
2a) 对煤样进行三轴应力加载操作向煤样施加应力:其中煤样顶部6个序号为X1-X6的透明加载板均施加应力6 MPa,前侧6个序号为Y1-Y6的透明加载板均施加应力8 MPa;左侧1个序号为Z1的透明加载板施加应力10 MPa;
2b) 启动真空泵通过箱体充气口对煤样进行抽真空操作,直到煤样内部气压小于100 Pa后关闭真空泵,用时12 h;
2c) 使用高压气瓶通过可视化箱体底部的箱体充气口对煤样进行充瓦斯操作,共分为四阶段保证煤样吸附平衡气压为0.74 MPa,第一阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.3 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第二阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.6 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第三阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.74 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第四阶段充气6 h、充气并稳定至0.74 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,用时共计60 h,充气过程中通过流量计Ⅰ32记录充入瓦斯量;同时通过高压气瓶30向瞬间突出门24的一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28之间的突出门充气口29充气至0.3 MPa;
3a) 使用高压气瓶向瞬间突出门的一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间的突出门充气口29充气大于0.4MPa,使一级爆破片和二级爆破片先后破裂,从而模拟井下瓦斯突出;
3b)利用高速摄像机采集模拟瓦斯突出中煤粉喷出的图像,当模拟的瓦斯突出结束后,停止透明加载板9的应力加载,收集突出口抛出的煤粉并称重;
4a)重复步骤1c-到2c,之后利用柱塞泵通过序号为A1的多功能钻孔向煤样中注入高压CO2以实现CO2的地质封存;
4b)打开序号为A4的多功能钻孔,将序号为A4的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔通过连接的气相色谱仪实时监测出口混合气体浓度,待出口监测出二氧化碳流出时,关闭驱替钻孔A4,关闭柱塞泵;
5a)CO2地质封存结束后,利用高压气瓶向瞬间突出门的一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间的充气口充气大于0.4MPa,使一级爆破片和二级爆破片先后破裂,以测试二氧化碳突出是否发生;
5b)当发生二氧化碳突出后等待突出结束,之后停止透明加载板对煤样的应力加载,收集突出口抛出的煤粉并称重;
6a) 改变CO2封存钻孔、CO2封存速率、驱替钻孔试验条件重复进行试验;
7a) 根据抛出煤粉质量计算注CO2前后突出强度,抛出煤粉质量比装煤总质量,若不发生突出,则突出强度记为0;
7b) 通过不同CO2封存条件下突出强度与CO2封存前突出强度进行对比,以评价煤层封存CO2强化瓦斯抽采防突效果,若通过煤层封存CO2后突出强度降低,则表明煤层封存CO2消突效果较好;反之,则没有效果;同时对可进一步对CO2地质封存条件进行优化。
CO2的地质封存条件包括:
利用序号为A1的多功能钻孔通入CO2时,首先控制CO2封存速率为100 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔19和序号为A5的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪,然后控制CO2封存速率为500 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔和序号为A5的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪;
利用序号为A2的多功能钻孔通入CO2时,首先控制CO2封存速率为100 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔和序号为A5的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪,然后控制CO2封存速率为500 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔和序号为A5的多功能钻孔19作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪;
经过上述实验并根据是否突出判断出最好的CO2封存条件。
有益效果:
可在室内模拟大尺度条件下突出煤层CO2地质封存及强化瓦斯抽采过程以及注入二氧化碳后的二氧化碳突出过程,通过对比不同二氧化碳地质封存条件下煤层二氧化碳突出强度以及与原始煤层瓦斯突出强度对比,可有效测试、评价煤层封存二氧化碳后的突出风险性,并进一步优化二氧化碳封存条件,对于协调现场煤矿突出防治与二氧化碳地质封存具有重要的指导意义。
有点 (1)可以模拟大尺度条件下突出煤层CO2地质封存及强化瓦斯抽采过程;(2)可以开展不同条件下瓦斯突出模拟试验,以及注入二氧化碳后的二氧化碳突出模拟试验;(3)通过对比不同二氧化碳地质封存条件下煤层二氧化碳突出强度以及与原始煤层瓦斯突出强度对比,可有效测试、评价煤层封存二氧化碳后的突出风险性,并进一步优化二氧化碳封存条件,对于协调现场煤矿突出防治与二氧化碳地质封存具有重要的指导意义。
附图说明:
图1为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的可视化箱体结构示意图。
图2为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的可视化箱体俯视图。
图3为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的可视化箱体后视图。
图4为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的加载系统结构示意图。
图5(a)为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的的气压传感器安装示意图。
图5(b)为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的的温度传感器安装示意图。
图5(c)为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的的多功能钻孔安装示意图。
图6为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的摄像位置示意图。
图7为本发明CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法使用的瞬间突出门结构示意图。
图8 为本发明强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法连接示意图。
图中:1-可视化箱体,2-箱体腔体,3-箱体盖板,4-突出口,5-密封圈,6-密封螺栓,8-安装孔,9-透明加载板,10-加载活塞,11-气压传感器,12-密封垫,13-PU气动接头,14-PU管,15-数据线,16-温度转换接头,17-温度传感器,18-多功能钻孔外接接头,19-多功能钻孔,20-封孔段,21-透气段,22-透气小孔,23-高速摄像机,24-瞬间突出门,25-安装法兰,26-爆破片夹持器,27-一级爆破片,28-二级爆破片,29-突出门充气口,30-高压气瓶,31-真空泵,32-流量计Ⅰ,33-流量计Ⅱ,34-柱塞泵,35-气相色谱仪。
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例做进一步说明:
本发明的CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法,包括:前期准备阶段、瓦斯突出孕育阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯前瓦斯突出阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯阶段、压煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯后二氧化碳突出测试阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯防突措施评价;其具体步骤为:
1a) 从待测煤矿区域突出煤层的煤块取样进行现场调研,利用现场采集的煤块取样测定突出煤层的相关参数,确定试验方案中地应力、注水速率、压裂位置试验参数;
1b) 使用破碎筛将采集的煤块取样筛分成0-1 mm粒径的煤粒,向煤粒中加水搅拌制成6%含水率煤样备用;
1c)将6%含水率煤样装入可视化箱体1,如图1、图2所示,可视化箱体1包括箱体腔体2和箱体盖板3,箱体腔体2和箱体盖板3之间设有密封圈5并利用密封螺栓6固定,可视化箱体1的右侧开有突出口4,可视化箱体1底部与外界设有箱体充气口,如图4所示,可视化箱体1顶部以及可视化箱体1的左侧壁上和前侧壁上设有多个透明加载板9,可视化箱体1顶部的透明加载板9有六个序号分别为X1-X6,可视化箱体1前侧壁上的透明加载板9有六个序号分别为Y1-Y6,可视化箱体1的左侧壁上的透明加载板9为Z1,每个透明加载板9上设有加载活塞10,加载活塞10穿过箱体壁连通加压油缸;如图3所示,可视化箱体1背面设有均匀步骤有多个安装孔8,其中在可视化箱体1的安装孔8上设有外接接头18,外接接头18与可视化箱体1的箱体壁之间设有密封垫12,所示,安装孔8中根据需要设置有气压传感器11、温度传感器17或多功能钻孔19,多功能钻孔19包括封孔段20、透气段21,多功能钻孔19全长0.5 m,封孔段20长0.15 m,透气段21长0.35 m,透气段21管壁周向和径向方向分布有透气孔22,给多功能钻孔19设置序号为A1-A6,在可视化箱体1利用可视化箱体1背部开设的安装孔8向可视化箱体1中的6%含水率煤样分别埋入气压传感器11,最后使用加载活塞10驱动透明加载板9使6%含水率煤样在20 MPa条件下成型1 h后解除所有透明加载板9对煤样的加压;
1d)如图7所示,在可视化箱体1的右侧开有的突出口4中安装瞬间突出门24,所述瞬间突出门24包括爆破片夹持器26,爆破片夹持器26一端设有安装法兰25,爆破片夹持器26内部分别设有相互串联的一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28,一级爆破片27的爆破压力为0.4/MPa,二级爆破片28的爆破压力为0.6/MPa,一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28之间的爆破片夹持器26上设有29,通过气源系统向一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28空间充气直到打开二级爆破片28,同时瞬间诱爆一级爆破片27,实现突出口4瞬间打口,以模拟石门揭煤剧烈诱发因素诱导的突出工况;
如图5(a)所示,在安装孔8中设置气压传感器11,气压传感器11利用密封垫12从可视化箱体1外侧的传感器安装孔8中插入,气压传感器11尾端通过数据线15和数据采集与控制系统连接,传感器安装孔8内侧设有一根延伸设置在煤样内部的PU管14,通过调整PU管14开口端的位置以测试不同位置瓦斯压力,其中PU管14与可视化箱体1箱体壁之间设有PU气动接头13;
如图5(b)所示,在安装孔8中设置温度传感器17,所述温度传感器17尾部连接的数据线15通过转换接头16和密封垫12固定在可视化箱体1的传感器安装孔19中,将温度传感器17和头部的数据线15埋设在煤样中需要检测温度或应力的位置;
如图5(c)所示,在安装孔8中设置多功能钻孔,所述多功能钻孔尾部在可视化箱体1上设有外接接头,外接接头与可视化箱体1的箱体壁之间设有密封垫,多功能钻孔包括封孔段20、透气段21,多功能钻孔全长0.5 m,封孔段20长0.15 m,透气段21长0.35 m,透气段21管壁周向和径向方向分布有透气孔,透气孔孔径2 mm,间距5 mm,具有抽采、注气、注水功能;
1e) 如图8所示,将高压气瓶30的出口分别与流量计Ⅰ32和流量计Ⅱ33相连接,其中高压气瓶与流量计Ⅱ32之间设有真空泵30,流量计Ⅰ32通过管路与可视化箱体1上的序号为A1的多功能钻孔19相连接,流量计Ⅱ33通过管路与可视化箱体1的箱体充气口相连接,检测箱体及气管管路密封效果;
1f) 如图6所示,在可视化箱体1外侧和瞬间突出门24处分别设置高速摄像机23;
2a) 对煤样进行三轴应力加载操作向煤样施加应力:其中煤样顶部6个序号为X1-X6的透明加载板9均施加应力6 MPa,前侧6个序号为Y1-Y6的透明加载板9均施加应力8MPa;左侧1个序号为Z1的透明加载板9施加应力10 MPa;
2b) 启动真空泵31通过箱体充气口对煤样进行抽真空操作,直到煤样内部气压小于100 Pa后关闭真空泵31,用时12 h;
2c) 使用高压气瓶30通过可视化箱体1底部的箱体充气口对煤样进行充瓦斯操作,共分为四阶段保证煤样吸附平衡气压为0.74 MPa,第一阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.3MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第二阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.6 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第三阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.74 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第四阶段充气6 h、充气并稳定至0.74 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,用时共计60 h,充气过程中通过流量计Ⅰ32记录充入瓦斯量;同时通过高压气瓶30向瞬间突出门24的一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28之间的突出门充气口29充气至0.3 MPa;
3a) 使用高压气瓶向瞬间突出门的一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28之间的突出门充气口充气大于0.4MPa,使一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28先后破裂,从而模拟井下瓦斯突出;
3b)利用高速摄像机23采集模拟瓦斯突出中煤粉喷出的图像,当模拟的瓦斯突出结束后,停止透明加载板9的应力加载,收集突出口抛出的煤粉并称重;
4a)重复步骤1c-到2c,之后利用柱塞泵34通过序号为A1的多功能钻孔19向煤样中注入高压CO2以实现CO2的地质封存;
4b)打开序号为A4的多功能钻孔19,将序号为A4的多功能钻孔19作为驱替钻孔通过连接的气相色谱仪35实时监测出口混合气体浓度,待出口监测出二氧化碳流出时,关闭驱替钻孔A4,关闭柱塞泵34;
5a)CO2地质封存结束后,利用高压气瓶30向瞬间突出门24的一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28之间的充气口充气大于0.4MPa,使一级爆破片27和二级爆破片28先后破裂,以测试二氧化碳突出是否发生;
5b)当发生二氧化碳突出后等待突出结束,之后停止透明加载板9对煤样的应力加载,收集突出口4抛出的煤粉并称重;
6a) 改变CO2封存钻孔、CO2封存速率、驱替钻孔试验条件重复进行试验;
7a) 根据抛出煤粉质量计算注CO2前后突出强度,抛出煤粉质量比装煤总质量,若不发生突出,则突出强度记为0;
7b) 通过不同CO2封存条件下突出强度与CO2封存前突出强度进行对比,以评价煤层封存CO2强化瓦斯抽采防突效果,若通过煤层封存CO2后突出强度降低,则表明煤层封存CO2消突效果较好;反之,则没有效果;同时对可进一步对CO2地质封存条件进行优化。
CO2的地质封存条件包括:
利用序号为A1的多功能钻孔19通入CO2时,首先控制CO2封存速率为100 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔19和序号为A5的多功能钻孔19作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪35,然后控制CO2封存速率为500 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔19和序号为A5的多功能钻孔19作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪35;
利用序号为A2的多功能钻孔19通入CO2时,首先控制CO2封存速率为100 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔19和序号为A5的多功能钻孔19作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪35,然后控制CO2封存速率为500 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔19和序号为A5的多功能钻孔19作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪35;
经过上述实验并根据是否突出判断出最好的CO2封存条件。
以下给出本实施例列举的几个试验方案:
Claims (1)
1.一种CO2地质封存强化瓦斯抽采诱发突出风险测试方法,其特征在于,包括:前期准备阶段、瓦斯突出孕育阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯前瓦斯突出阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯阶段、压煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯后二氧化碳突出测试阶段、煤层注CO2驱替瓦斯防突措施评价;其具体步骤为:
1a) 从待测煤矿区域突出煤层中取样并进行现场调研,利用现场采集的煤块取样测定突出煤层的相关参数,确定试验方案中地应力、注水速率、压裂位置试验参数;
1b) 使用破碎筛将采集的煤块取样筛分成0-1 mm粒径的煤粒,向煤粒中加水搅拌制成6%含水率煤样备用;
1c)将6%含水率煤样装入可视化箱体,可视化箱体包括箱体腔体和箱体盖板,箱体腔体和箱体盖板之间设有密封圈并利用密封螺栓固定,可视化箱体的右侧开有突出口,可视化箱体底部与外界设有箱体充气口,可视化箱体顶部以及可视化箱体的左侧壁上和前侧壁上设有多个透明加载板,可视化箱体顶部的透明加载板有六个序号分别为X1-X6,可视化箱体前侧壁上的透明加载板有六个序号分别为Y1-Y6,可视化箱体的左侧壁上的透明加载板为Z1,每个透明加载板上设有加载活塞,加载活塞穿过箱体壁连通加压油缸;可视化箱体背面设有均匀布置的多个安装孔,其中在可视化箱体的安装孔上设有外接接头,外接接头与可视化箱体的箱体壁之间设有密封垫,安装孔中根据需要设置有气压传感器、温度传感器或多功能钻孔,多功能钻孔包括封孔段、透气段,多功能钻孔全长0.5 m,封孔段长0.15 m,透气段长0.35 m,透气段管壁周向和径向方向分布有透气孔,给多功能钻孔设置序号为A1-A6,在可视化箱体利用可视化箱体背部开设的安装孔向可视化箱体中的6%含水率煤样分别埋入气压传感器,最后使用加载活塞驱动透明加载板使6%含水率煤样在20 MPa条件下成型1 h后解除所有透明加载板对煤样的加压;
1d)在可视化箱体的右侧开有的突出口中安装瞬间突出门,所述瞬间突出门包括爆破片夹持器,爆破片夹持器一端设有安装法兰,爆破片夹持器内部分别设有相互串联的一级爆破片和二级爆破片,一级爆破片的爆破压力为0.4/MPa,二级爆破片的爆破压力为0.6/MPa,一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间的爆破片夹持器上设有突出门充气口,通过气源系统向一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间空间充气直到打开二级爆破片,同时瞬间诱爆一级爆破片,实现突出口瞬间打开,以模拟石门揭煤剧烈诱发因素诱导的突出工况;
在安装孔中设置气压传感器,气压传感器利用密封垫从可视化箱体外侧的传感器安装孔中插入,气压传感器尾端通过数据线和数据采集与控制系统连接,传感器安装孔内侧设有一根延伸设置在煤样内部的PU管,通过调整PU管开口端的位置以测试不同位置瓦斯压力,其中PU管与可视化箱体箱体壁之间设有PU气动接头;
在安装孔中设置温度传感器,所述温度传感器尾部连接的数据线通过转换接头和密封垫固定在可视化箱体的传感器安装孔中,将温度传感器和头部的数据线埋设在煤样中需要检测温度的位置;
在安装孔中设置多功能钻孔,所述多功能钻孔尾部在可视化箱体上设有外接接头,外接接头与可视化箱体的箱体壁之间设有密封垫,透气孔孔径2 mm,间距5 mm,具有抽采、注气、注水功能;
1e)将高压气瓶的出口分别与流量计Ⅰ和流量计Ⅱ相连接,其中高压气瓶与流量计Ⅱ之间设有真空泵,流量计Ⅰ通过管路与可视化箱体上的序号为A1的多功能钻孔相连接,流量计Ⅱ通过管路与可视化箱体的箱体充气口相连接,检测箱体及气管管路密封效果;
1f)在可视化箱体外侧和瞬间突出门处分别设置高速摄像机;
2a) 对煤样进行三轴应力加载操作向煤样施加应力:其中煤样顶部6个序号为X1-X6的透明加载板均施加应力6 MPa,前侧6个序号为Y1-Y6的透明加载板均施加应力8 MPa;左侧1个序号为Z1的透明加载板施加应力10 MPa;
2b) 启动真空泵通过箱体充气口对煤样进行抽真空操作,直到煤样内部气压小于100Pa后关闭真空泵,用时12 h;
2c) 使用高压气瓶通过可视化箱体底部的箱体充气口对煤样进行充瓦斯操作,共分为四阶段保证煤样吸附平衡气压为0.74 MPa,第一阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.3 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第二阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.6 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第三阶段充气12 h、充气压力至0.74 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,稳定6 h;第四阶段充气6 h、充气并稳定至0.74 MPa,然后关闭气瓶,用时共计60 h,充气过程中通过流量计Ⅰ记录充入瓦斯量;同时通过高压气瓶向瞬间突出门的一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间的突出门充气口充气至0.3MPa;
3a) 使用高压气瓶向瞬间突出门的一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间的突出门充气口充气大于0.4MPa,使一级爆破片和二级爆破片先后破裂,从而模拟井下瓦斯突出;
3b)利用高速摄像机采集模拟瓦斯突出中煤粉喷出的图像,当模拟的瓦斯突出结束后,停止透明加载板的应力加载,收集突出口抛出的煤粉并称重;
4a)重复步骤1c-2c,之后利用柱塞泵通过序号为A1的多功能钻孔向煤样中注入高压CO2以实现CO2的地质封存;
4b)打开序号为A4的多功能钻孔,将序号为A4的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔通过连接的气相色谱仪实时监测出口混合气体浓度,待出口监测出二氧化碳流出时,关闭多功能钻孔A4,关闭柱塞泵;
5a)CO2地质封存结束后,利用高压气瓶向瞬间突出门的一级爆破片和二级爆破片之间的充气口充气大于0.4MPa,使一级爆破片和二级爆破片先后破裂,以测试二氧化碳突出是否发生;
5b)当发生二氧化碳突出后等待突出结束,之后停止透明加载板对煤样的应力加载,收集突出口抛出的煤粉并称重;
6a) 改变CO2封存钻孔、CO2封存速率、驱替钻孔试验条件重复进行试验;
7a) 根据抛出煤粉质量计算注CO2前后突出强度,抛出煤粉质量比装煤总质量,若不发生突出,则突出强度记为0;
7b) 通过不同CO2封存条件下突出强度与CO2封存前突出强度进行对比,以评价煤层封存CO2强化瓦斯抽采防突效果,若通过煤层封存CO2后突出强度降低,则表明煤层封存CO2消突效果较好;反之,则没有效果;同时进一步对CO2地质封存条件进行优化;
CO2的地质封存条件包括:
利用序号为A1的多功能钻孔通入CO2时,首先控制CO2封存速率为100 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔和序号为A5的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪,然后控制CO2封存速率为500 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔和序号为A5的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪;
利用序号为A2的多功能钻孔通入CO2时,首先控制CO2封存速率为100 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔和序号为A5的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪,然后控制CO2封存速率为500 L/min,此时分别先后将序号为A4的多功能钻孔和序号为A5的多功能钻孔作为驱替钻孔接入气相色谱仪;
经过上述实验并根据是否突出判断出最好的CO2封存条件。
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