CN110266125A - Stator core and motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a stator core and a motor. The stator core includes a stator yoke and a plurality of stator tooth pairs. The stator yoke is in the shape of a regular polygon. The plurality of stator tooth pairs are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator yoke. In addition, the plurality of stator tooth pairs are located on one side of the stator yoke along the axial direction, and the thickness of the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair along the radial direction is equal. In the present invention, since the radial thicknesses of the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair are equal, the distance between the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair can be made smaller, reducing the motor cogging speed. torque, reduce the leakage flux between the two stator teeth, and improve the performance of the motor.

Description

Stator core and motor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and more specifically relates to a stator core and a motor.

Background technique

With the guidance of the government's energy-saving policy and the needs of market development, the direct current of household appliances fans has gradually become a trend. At present, the brushless motors used in the industry are of radial magnetic field structure (that is, the magnetic field is distributed radially along the rotor) and the power density of the motor is low. That is, the material Low utilization. Affected by the rising market price of motor raw materials, high power density motors have become the development trend of brushless DC motors. Axial flux motors are gradually being popularized and applied due to their performance advantages.

Although the axial flux motor has the characteristics of high efficiency and high power density, its magnetic circuit structure leads to complex production process of the stator punched iron core and bottlenecks such as winding, which restricts the popularization and application of the axial flux motor. The stator teeth of the traditional axial motor are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the two adjacent stator teeth are arranged at an angle. The distance between the two adjacent stator teeth is too large, resulting in excessive cogging torque of the motor, which affects the motor performance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stator core and a motor to improve the performance of the motor.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a stator core, including a stator yoke and a plurality of stator tooth pairs, the stator yoke is a regular polygon, and the plurality of stator tooth pairs are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator yoke, In addition, the plurality of stator tooth pairs are located on one side of the stator yoke along the axial direction, and the thickness of the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair along the radial direction is equal.

One end of each stator tooth is provided with a through slot, and the stator yoke is provided with connecting parts equal in number to the stator teeth, and each stator tooth is inserted into the corresponding connecting part through the through slot.

The through slot extends axially toward the end face of the one end of each stator tooth.

Both sides of the through groove are protrusions, and both sides of the connecting part are open grooves, and the protrusions are inserted into the open grooves.

The protrusion extends axially, the opening slot on one side of the connecting portion extends radially toward the outer surface of the stator yoke, and the opening slot on the other side of the connecting portion extends radially toward the stator yoke. The inner side of the yoke extends.

Each stator tooth includes a tooth part extending in the axial direction and a tooth shoe part provided at one end of the tooth part along the axial direction, the tooth shoe part extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and the tooth shoe part Both ends extend from the tooth portion, and the through groove is arranged at the other end of the tooth portion along the axial direction.

The number of sides of the stator yoke is equal to the number of stator tooth pairs, the number of sides of the stator yoke is an integer multiple of 2, and one stator tooth pair is arranged on each side of the stator yoke.

The present invention also provides a motor, including the above-mentioned stator core.

The motor also includes a rotor, which is arranged on one side of the stator teeth in the axial direction close to the tooth shoes.

The rotor includes a guide disk and a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is located between the tooth shoe and the guide disk.

The invention adopts the stator yoke and stator teeth separation structure, and the stator yoke is laminated along the axial direction, and the stator teeth are laminated along the radial direction, and the motor performance and power are realized through the axial and radial mixed combined stator core technology. Density improvement; moreover, the stator yoke is laminated in the axial direction, and the stator teeth are laminated in the radial direction. Through the cooperation of the two, the simplified production of the stator core is realized (the stator core of the traditional axial motor needs to be rolled in the circumferential direction. Winding is currently a technical bottleneck in the process, because the circumference of each coil of the wound core is different, and it is difficult to implement processes such as slot structure and size). In addition, the groove shape of the traditional axial magnetic field iron core is distributed radially, which cannot realize automatic winding and production. The present invention adopts the stator yoke and stator tooth separation structure, and the winding can be independent of the core structure, and can realize independent winding. Put the wound windings into the corresponding stator teeth, which greatly simplifies the winding process and the current technical bottleneck. In addition, since the depth of the through-slot can be set in advance, it is easy to control the axial insertion depth and radial height when the through-slot is inserted into the connecting part, and then it is easy to control the axial height and the axial height of the stator teeth during installation. Radial height; in addition, the radial thickness of the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair is equal, so the distance between the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair can be made smaller, reducing the motor Cogging torque reduces the magnetic flux leakage between the two stator teeth and improves the performance of the motor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a motor in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the motor in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of disassembling the stator yoke and the stator teeth in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a stator tooth in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a stator yoke in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the stator yoke connected to the stator teeth in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the motor proposed in the implementation of the present invention is an axial flux motor. The motor includes a stator and a rotor 4 , and the stator includes a stator core and a stator winding 3 . The stator core includes a stator yoke 1 and a plurality of stator teeth 2 , and a stator winding 3 is wound on the stator teeth 2 . In the figure, the direction X represents the axial direction, and the direction Y represents the radial direction.

The circumferential, axial and radial directions mentioned below all refer to the circumferential direction of the stator yoke, the axial direction of the stator yoke and the radial direction of the stator yoke, which are different from the circumferential direction of the stator yoke, the axial direction of the stator yoke and the radial direction of the stator yoke of conventional motors. The radial definition of the yoke is the same.

The stator yoke 1 is composed of a plurality of stator yoke punches superimposed in the axial direction, and each stator tooth 2 is composed of a plurality of stator tooth punches of the same shape superimposed in the radial direction.

A plurality of stator teeth 2 are divided into a plurality of stator tooth pairs, each stator tooth pair is composed of two stator teeth 2, and the stator yoke 1 is a regular polygon (the number of sides of a regular polygon = the number of stator tooth pairs, and the number of sides of a regular polygon is Integer multiple of 2), multiple stator tooth pairs are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator yoke 1, and the multiple stator tooth pairs are located on one side of the stator yoke 1 along the axial direction, and one stator tooth is arranged on each side of the stator yoke 1 Yes, the two stator teeth 2 in each stator tooth pair have the same radial thickness (that is, the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair are radially symmetrical and parallel), and the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair 2 stator teeth are arranged close together. The stator yoke and stator teeth are separated, and the stator yoke is laminated in the axial direction, and the stator teeth are laminated in the radial direction. Through the axial and radial mixed combined stator core technology, the motor performance and power density are achieved. Lifting; and the stator yoke is laminated in the axial direction, and the stator teeth are laminated in the radial direction. Through the cooperation of the two, the simplified production of the stator core is realized (the traditional axial motor, the stator core needs to be wound in the circumferential direction, The process is currently a technical bottleneck, because the circumference of each coil of the wound iron core is different, and it is difficult to implement processes such as groove structure and size). In addition, the groove shape of the traditional axial magnetic field iron core is distributed radially, which cannot realize automatic winding and production. The present invention adopts the stator yoke and stator tooth separation structure, and the winding can be independent of the core structure, and can realize independent winding. Put the wound windings into the corresponding stator teeth, which greatly simplifies the winding process and the current technical bottleneck; in addition, the thickness of the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair is the same along the radial direction, so that each stator tooth can be The distance between the two stator teeth in the center is made smaller, which reduces the cogging torque of the motor, reduces the magnetic flux leakage between the two stator teeth, and improves the performance of the motor.

As shown in Figure 3, in order to easily control the height of the stator teeth along the axial direction and the height along the radial direction during installation, one end of each stator tooth 2 is provided with a through slot 211, and the stator yoke 1 is provided with the same number of stator teeth 2 For the equal connecting portion 11 , each stator tooth 2 is inserted into the corresponding connecting portion 11 through the through slot 211 . Since the depth of the through-slot can be set in advance, it is easy to control the axial insertion depth and radial height when the through-slot is inserted into the connecting part, and then it is easy to control the axial height and radial height of the stator teeth during installation. the height of.

In this embodiment, there are 12 stator teeth in total, each stator tooth is provided with a through slot, and the corresponding stator yoke is provided with 12 connecting parts, and a through slot corresponds to a connecting part.

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the through slot 211 extends axially toward the end surface of one end of each stator tooth 2, and the two sides of the through slot 211 are protrusions 212, and the protrusion 212 extends axially, so that the through slot 211 The protrusions 212 on both sides of the through groove 211 form a "concave" structure. Both sides of the connection part 11 are open grooves 12, and the protrusions 212 are inserted into the open grooves 12. The open grooves 12 on one side of the connection part 11 extend radially toward the outer surface of the stator yoke 1, and the other side of the connection part 11 The opening slots 12 extend radially toward the inner surface of the stator yoke 1 , so that the connecting portion 11 and the opening slots 12 on both sides of the connecting portion 11 form an “I” structure. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 11 is a square block, and the two axial end faces of the connecting portion 11 are flush with the two axial end faces of the stator yoke 1 . The "concave" structure and the "work" structure connect the stator yoke with the stator teeth to realize the magnetic circuit communication between the stator yoke and the stator teeth.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , each stator tooth 2 includes a tooth portion 21 extending in the axial direction and a tooth shoe portion 22 arranged at one end of the tooth portion 21 in the axial direction. direction, and both ends of the tooth shoe portion 22 extend out of the tooth portion 21 , and the through groove 211 is provided at the other end of the tooth portion 21 along the axial direction. The end surface of the tooth shoe portion 22 along the axial direction is a plane, and the two sides of the tooth shoe portion 22 are rounded transitions.

The teeth of the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair are parallel, and the tooth shoe parts are parallel, and the distance between the two stator teeth in each stator tooth pair is the same.

As shown in Figure 6, the minimum spacing between two stator teeth 2 in each stator tooth pair 5 is A, and the minimum spacing between two adjacent stator tooth pairs 5 is B, and A≤B, which can be reduced Motor cogging torque, reducing magnetic flux leakage between teeth and teeth pairs, and improving motor performance. Preferred A=B, the best effect.

The arc angle β=360°/the number of stator tooth pairs corresponding to each stator tooth pair.

The radius of the inscribed circle of the stator yoke 1 is H, and the width of the tooth shoes of each stator tooth pair (that is, the width of the tooth shoes of two stator teeth plus the minimum distance between the tooth shoes of the two stator teeth A) is L, and L satisfies the following formula:

.

Generally, it is preferable that A=B, and the value of L is between 0.5-1mm is optimal.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the rotor 4 is arranged on the side of the stator tooth 2 in the axial direction close to the tooth shoe 22, the rotor 4 includes a guide disk 41 and a permanent magnet 42, the permanent magnet 42 is a magnetic ring or a magnetic shoe, The permanent magnet 42 is located between the tooth shoe 22 and the magnetic disk 41 . The permanent magnet 42 faces the tooth shoe part 22, and the faces of the permanent magnet 42 and the tooth shoe part 22 are parallel planes, that is, the permanent magnet and the tooth shoe part are equal-height air gaps in the axial direction, and the air gaps are equal. The backlash can ensure smaller cogging torque and torque ripple of the motor, and at the same time ensure higher performance of the motor, mainly to improve the stability and reliability of the motor operation while ensuring the performance of the motor.

The permanent magnet 42 is magnetized sinusoidally along the axial direction and each pole is fan-shaped. The angle of the fan is α, α=360°/2P (2P is the number of poles of the motor), and the polarities of two adjacent sectors are opposite.

The number of slots per pole and phase of the motor is q, the number of slots of the motor is Z, the number of poles of the motor is 2P, the number of phases of the motor is m, and the motor satisfies the following formula:

.

The stator yoke can be of monolithic structure, straight bar structure and segmental structure. The number of stator slots and the number of poles of the motor are preferably even numbers.

The installation process of the motor in the present invention is as follows: the stamping die laminates the stamping sheets into stator teeth and stator yokes; uses winding equipment to wind annular concentrated windings; sets each pair of windings on the teeth of each stator tooth pair;

Put each stator tooth pair into the corresponding stator yoke in turn and fix it; use injection molding, potting and other processes to solidify and form the stator; paste the magnetic ring or fan-shaped magnetic tile on the disk with glue, or use nylon and other plastics to The magnetic ring or magnetic steel and the guide disk are injected into one body to form a rotor; the rotor is assembled on the corresponding position of the stator to form a motor.

The above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the concept of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various deformations and changes under the concept of the present invention, and these deformations and changes are all included within the protection scope of the present invention .

Claims (10)

1. A stator core, comprising a stator yoke (1) and a plurality of stator tooth pairs (5), characterized in that the stator yoke (1) is a regular polygon, and the plurality of stator tooth pairs (5) are The circumferential direction of the stator yoke (1) is evenly arranged, and the plurality of stator tooth pairs (5) are located on one side of the stator yoke (1) along the axial direction, and two of each stator tooth pair (5) The thickness of the stator teeth (2) along the radial direction is even. 2. The stator core according to claim 1, characterized in that, one end of each stator tooth (2) is provided with a through slot (211), and the stator yoke (1) is provided with the stator tooth (2) The number of connecting parts (11) is equal, and each stator tooth (2) is inserted into the corresponding connecting part (11) through the through slot (211). 3 . The stator core according to claim 2 , characterized in that, the through slot ( 211 ) extends axially toward the end face of the one end of each stator tooth ( 2 ). 4 . 4. The stator core according to claim 3, characterized in that, both sides of the through slot (211) are protrusions (212), and both sides of the connecting part (11) are open slots (12) , the protrusion (212) is inserted into the opening groove (12). 5. The stator core according to claim 4, characterized in that, the protrusion (212) extends in the axial direction, and the opening slot (12) on one side of the connecting part (11) extends in the radial direction. The outer surface of the stator yoke (1) extends, and the opening slot (12) on the other side of the connecting portion (11) extends radially toward the inner surface of the stator yoke (1). 6. The stator core according to claim 1, characterized in that, each stator tooth (2) comprises a tooth portion (21) extending in the axial direction and one end of the tooth portion (21) in the axial direction The tooth shoe (22), the tooth shoe (22) extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and both ends of the tooth shoe (22) extend out of the tooth (21), the The through groove (211) is arranged at the other end of the tooth part (21) along the axial direction. 7. The stator core according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of sides of the stator yoke (1) is equal to the number of stator tooth pairs (5), and the number of sides of the stator yoke (1) is 2 Integer multiples of , a stator tooth pair (5) is provided on each side of the stator yoke (1). 8. A motor, characterized by comprising the stator core according to claim 6. 9. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that the motor further comprises a rotor (4), and the rotor (4) is arranged on the stator tooth (2) close to the tooth shoe part (22) in the axial direction side. 10. The motor according to claim 9, characterized in that, the rotor (4) includes a guide disc (41) and a permanent magnet (42), and the permanent magnet (42) is located at the tooth shoe (22) and the guide disc (41).