CN110265801B - An environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode and its preparation method - Google Patents

An environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode and its preparation method Download PDF

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CN110265801B
CN110265801B CN201910653351.5A CN201910653351A CN110265801B CN 110265801 B CN110265801 B CN 110265801B CN 201910653351 A CN201910653351 A CN 201910653351A CN 110265801 B CN110265801 B CN 110265801B
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grounding electrode
electrode body
rare earth
copper
aluminum
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CN110265801A (en
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闫风洁
李辛庚
姜波
王晓明
张都清
樊志彬
郭凯
张振岳
李文静
王蝶
吴亚平
米春旭
宗立君
赵洺哲
高智悦
朱耿增
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Beijing Guowang Hongtai Technology Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
Shandong Zhongshi Yitong Group Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Beijing Guowang Hongtai Technology Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
Shandong Zhongshi Yitong Group Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/66—Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保型铝铜稀土合金垂直接地极及其制备方法，接地极包括由环保型铝铜稀土合金材料制成的接地极本体和由铝合金材料制成的接地极导入头，所述接地极导入头设置在接地极本体的下端。制备方法包括以下步骤：铸造合金锭并热挤压成型制作成接地极本体；对接地极本体进行喷丸与预氧化复合处理；铸造接地极导入头；将接地极本体和接地极导入头进行组合。本发明通过优化垂直接地极结构和选材，使垂直接地极具有良好的散流能力、接地导通性和耐土壤腐蚀性能，同时具有施工方便、便于植入土壤等特点。

The present invention discloses an environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode and a preparation method thereof. The grounding electrode comprises a grounding electrode body made of an environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy material and a grounding electrode introduction head made of an aluminum alloy material, wherein the grounding electrode introduction head is arranged at the lower end of the grounding electrode body. The preparation method comprises the following steps: casting an alloy ingot and hot extruding it into a grounding electrode body; subjecting the grounding electrode body to a composite treatment of shot peening and pre-oxidation; casting a grounding electrode introduction head; and combining the grounding electrode body and the grounding electrode introduction head. The present invention optimizes the vertical grounding electrode structure and material selection, so that the vertical grounding electrode has good current dissipation capacity, grounding conductivity and soil corrosion resistance, and at the same time has the characteristics of convenient construction and easy implantation into the soil.

Description

Environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of power grounding.
Background
The grounding grid is an important facility for ensuring the safety of power system equipment and personnel. The grounding materials adopted at present are mainly galvanized steel and pure copper. The galvanized steel has higher corrosion rate in soil and short service life, and the safe operation of the power grid cannot be ensured. Pure copper has better corrosion resistance and conductivity in soil, but a large amount of pure copper is used for a grounding grid to cause soil pollution, and copper resources in China are in shortage, so that the price is high.
The environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy grounding material is a novel grounding material, a small amount of copper and trace rare earth alloy elements are added by taking aluminum as a matrix, so that the corrosion resistance of aluminum is integrated, the good conductivity of copper corrosion products is combined, the surface shot blasting and the pre-oxidation treatment are combined, the stress state of the surface layer is changed into compressive stress by shot blasting, the damage of chloride ions to a passivation film is reduced, and the tendency of uneven corrosion is reduced; the composite pre-oxidation promotes the copper element in the grounding material matrix to diffuse and enrich to the surface, generates aluminum-copper alloy corrosion products with high copper concentration, further improves the soil corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy on the premise of ensuring good grounding conductivity, and meets the technical requirement of safe and full-length efficient operation of a grounding grid.
The ground grid is typically comprised of a horizontal ground body and a vertical ground electrode. GB 50169 specifies that the buried depth of the top surface of a grounding body should not be less than 0.6m, and normally, a grounding ditch with the depth not less than 0.6m is dug, and a horizontal grounding body is laid in the grounding ditch for burying. The vertical grounding electrode is generally 1.5-3 m deep, and the grounding rod is usually tamped into the ground through a hammer head. The aluminum-copper rare earth alloy grounding material is easy to deform and difficult to construct in the process of being implanted into the ground due to lower strength by adopting a traditional rod-shaped grounding electrode.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode and a preparation method thereof, which can solve the problems of low strength, easy deformation and difficult construction in the soil implantation process of the environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
On one hand, the environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a grounding electrode body made of an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy material and a grounding electrode leading-in head made of an aluminum alloy material, wherein the grounding electrode leading-in head is arranged at the lower end of the grounding electrode body.
As one possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the section of the grounding electrode body is a hollow equilateral triangle, and three vertex angles of the equilateral triangle of the grounding electrode body are respectively provided with a rectangular diffusion sheet, and the rectangular diffusion sheet and the triangular grounding electrode are in an integrated structure.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the components of the environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy material of the grounding electrode body are as follows: copper content is 2% -5%, rare earth is 0.01% -0.30%, iron content is less than or equal to 0.2%, silicon content is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the rest is aluminum.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the bottom end of the grounding electrode lead-in head is a conical body; the other end of the grounding body leading-in head is an equilateral triangle wedge block corresponding to the hollow part of the hollow equilateral triangle of the grounding electrode body.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the triangular section of the topmost end of the wedge-shaped block is smaller than the triangular section of the hollow portion of the hollow triangle of the grounding electrode body, and the triangular section of the bottommost end of the wedge-shaped block is larger than the triangular section of the hollow portion of the hollow triangle of the grounding electrode body.
As a possible implementation manner of the present embodiment, the grounding electrode lead-in head is obtained by casting a high-strength aluminum alloy.
On the other hand, the preparation method of the environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of:
Casting an alloy ingot and performing hot extrusion molding to manufacture a grounding electrode body;
performing shot blasting and pre-oxidation composite treatment on the grounding electrode body;
Casting a grounding electrode leading-in head;
The grounding electrode body and the grounding electrode leading-in head are combined.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of casting the alloy ingot and hot extrusion forming into the grounding electrode body is as follows:
casting alloy ingots at the casting temperature of 750-780 ℃;
And carrying out hot extrusion molding on the alloy cast ingot to manufacture the grounding electrode body, wherein the heating temperature of the hot extrusion alloy cast ingot is 370-440 ℃ and the heating temperature of the hot extrusion alloy cast ingot is 370-440 ℃.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of performing the shot blasting and pre-oxidation composite treatment on the grounding electrode body is as follows:
shot blasting is carried out on the grounding electrode body by adopting a shot blasting process, wherein the shot material is 60-80 # glass beads, the pressure of shot blasting compressed air is 0.05-0.1 MPa, the flow rate of the shot material is 0.15-0.25 kg/min, and the moving speed of a nozzle is 0.5-2 m/min;
And (3) performing 400 ℃/1H pre-oxidation treatment on the grounding electrode body.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the preparation process of the grounding electrode lead-in head is: casting to obtain the high-strength Al-Cu system grounding electrode lead-in head.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the vertical grounding electrode has good current dispersion capability, grounding conductivity and soil corrosion resistance through optimizing the structure and materials selection of the vertical grounding electrode, and meanwhile, the vertical grounding electrode has the characteristics of convenience in construction, convenience in implantation into soil and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. The vertical grounding electrode adopts a hollow triangular column and outer side radiating fin structure, so that the stability of the vertical grounding electrode is better than that of a cylindrical structure, the strength is higher, the radiating capacity is stronger, and the grounding conductivity is better.
2. The leading-in head of the grounding electrode is arranged on the front section of the vertical grounding electrode, so that the resistance of the grounding electrode to be planted into soil is reduced, the grounding electrode is easier to be planted into the soil, and the leading-in head selects high-strength aluminum alloy with the main body component of the grounding electrode close to that of the grounding electrode, so that the probability of dissimilar metal corrosion is effectively reduced.
3. The grounding electrode main body is made of an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy grounding material, so that the corrosion resistance of aluminum and the good conductivity of copper corrosion products are combined, the soil corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy is improved on the premise of ensuring good grounding conduction performance, and the environmental pollution of heavy metals to soil is reduced.
4. The grounding electrode main body improves grounding and corrosion resistance through shot blasting and pre-oxidation composite treatment, the stress state of the surface layer is changed into compressive stress through shot blasting, damage of chloride ions to a passivation film is reduced, and the tendency of uneven corrosion is reduced; the pre-oxidation promotes the diffusion and enrichment of copper elements in the grounding material matrix to the surface, generates aluminum-copper alloy corrosion products with high copper concentration, and improves the grounding conduction performance of the aluminum-copper alloy corrosion products.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an environment-friendly aluminum copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a grounding electrode body according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ground lead-in head according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical earth electrode according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different structures of the invention. In order to simplify the present disclosure, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode structure according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a grounding electrode body 1 made of an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy material and a grounding electrode lead-in head 2 made of an aluminum alloy material, wherein the grounding electrode lead-in head 3 is arranged at the lower end of the grounding electrode body 1.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the section of the grounding electrode body 1 is a hollow equilateral triangle 11, and three vertex angles of the equilateral triangle 11 of the grounding electrode body are respectively provided with a rectangular diffusion sheet 12, and the rectangular diffusion sheet 12 and the triangular grounding electrode are in an integrated structure. The hollow equilateral triangle structure of the vertical grounding electrode increases the rigidity of the grounding electrode body, and can effectively prevent the grounding electrode from deforming in the process of implanting the grounding electrode into soil; the three rectangular current dispersing pieces effectively avoid the sharp angle effect of current in the current dispersing process, increase the current dispersing area of the grounding electrode and optimize the grounding conduction performance.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the components of the environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy material of the grounding electrode body are as follows: copper content is 2% -5%, rare earth is 0.01% -0.30%, iron content is less than or equal to 0.2%, silicon content is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the rest is aluminum. The earth electrode main body is added with rare earth components on the basis of aluminum-copper rare earth alloy, combines the corrosion resistance of aluminum and the good conductivity of copper corrosion products, improves the soil corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy and reduces the environmental pollution of heavy metal to soil on the premise of ensuring good earth conduction performance.
For convenience of description, the application only enumerates the component percentages of part of the grounding electrode body, for example: copper content is 2%, rare earth is 0.01%, iron content is less than or equal to 0.2%, silicon content is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the balance is aluminum; or copper content is 3.5%, rare earth is 0.05%, iron content is less than or equal to 0.2%, silicon content is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the balance is aluminum; copper content is 4%, rare earth is 0.05%, iron content is less than or equal to 0.2%, silicon content is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the balance is aluminum; or copper content is 5%, rare earth is 0.30%, iron content is less than or equal to 0.2%, silicon content is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the balance is aluminum.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the bottom end of the grounding electrode lead-in head 2 is a conical body 21; the other end of the earthing body leading-in head is an equilateral triangle wedge block 22 corresponding to the hollow part 13 of the earthing pole body hollow equilateral triangle. The bottom of the earthing pole leading-in head adopts a conical body structure, so that the resistance of the earthing pole to be planted into soil is effectively reduced, and the construction difficulty is reduced.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the triangular section of the topmost end of the wedge-shaped block 22 is smaller than the triangular section of the hollow portion 13 of the hollow triangle of the grounding electrode body, and the triangular section of the bottommost end of the wedge-shaped block 22 is larger than the triangular section of the hollow portion 13 of the hollow triangle of the grounding electrode body. The upper end of the wedge-shaped block of the leading-in head of the grounding electrode is a triangular wedge-shaped block, and the triangular wedge-shaped block can be inserted into a hollow part (hollow hole) of a hollow triangle of the vertical grounding electrode body to be matched with the hollow part of the vertical grounding electrode, so that resistance is encountered in the process of planting the grounding electrode into soil, and the fit between the main body of the vertical grounding electrode and the leading-in head is ensured to be transited to interference fit from clearance fit.
As a possible implementation manner of the present embodiment, the grounding electrode lead-in head is obtained by casting a high-strength aluminum alloy.
The aluminum copper rare earth alloy grounding electrode body is also provided with a binding post or a binding bar (not shown in the drawing), so that the binding post (the binding bar) and the aluminum copper rare earth alloy grounding electrode body are connected in a welding way or other connection ways, and the setting position can be determined according to construction requirements.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical earth electrode according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the preparation method of the environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
Casting an alloy ingot and performing hot extrusion molding to manufacture a grounding electrode body;
performing shot blasting and pre-oxidation composite treatment on the grounding electrode body;
Casting a grounding electrode leading-in head;
The grounding electrode body and the grounding electrode leading-in head are combined.
As one possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of casting the alloy ingot and hot extrusion forming the grounding electrode body is as follows:
casting alloy ingots at the casting temperature of 750-780 ℃;
And (3) carrying out hot extrusion molding on the alloy cast ingot to manufacture the grounding electrode body, wherein the heating temperature of the hot extruded alloy cast ingot is 370-440 ℃.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of performing the shot blasting and pre-oxidation composite treatment on the grounding electrode body is as follows:
shot blasting is carried out on the grounding electrode body by adopting a shot blasting process, wherein the shot material is 60-80 # glass beads, the pressure of shot blasting compressed air is 0.05-0.1 MPa, the flow rate of the shot material is 0.15-0.25 kg/min, and the moving speed of a nozzle is 0.5-2 m/min;
And (3) performing 400 ℃/1H pre-oxidation treatment on the grounding electrode body.
For ease of illustration, the present application only exemplifies a portion of the peening process: the shot material adopts 60 # glass beads, the pressure of shot blasting compressed air is 0.05MPa, the flow rate of the shot material is 0.15kg/min, and the moving speed of a spray head is 0.5m/min; or the shot material adopts 80 # glass beads, the pressure of shot blasting compressed air is 0.1MPa, the flow rate of the shot material is 0.25kg/min, and the moving speed of a spray head is 2m/min.
In the process of carrying out shot blasting and pre-oxidation composite treatment on the grounding electrode body, the grounding electrode material and the surface treatment process are arranged, so that the grounding conduction performance and the corrosion resistance of the grounding electrode are effectively improved, and meanwhile, the environmental pollution of heavy metals to soil is reduced.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the preparation process of the grounding electrode lead-in head is: the high-strength Al-Cu system grounding electrode lead-in head is obtained by adopting a casting process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. The vertical grounding electrode adopts a hollow triangular column and outer side radiating fin structure, so that the stability of the vertical grounding electrode is better than that of a cylindrical structure, the strength is higher, the radiating capacity is stronger, and the grounding conductivity is better.
2. The leading-in head of the grounding electrode is arranged on the front section of the vertical grounding electrode, so that the resistance of the grounding electrode to be planted into soil is reduced, the grounding electrode is easier to be planted into the soil, and the leading-in head selects high-strength aluminum alloy with the main body component of the grounding electrode close to that of the grounding electrode, so that the probability of dissimilar metal corrosion is effectively reduced.
3. The grounding electrode main body is made of an environment-friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy grounding material, so that the corrosion resistance of aluminum and the good conductivity of copper corrosion products are combined, the soil corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy is improved on the premise of ensuring good grounding conduction performance, and the environmental pollution of heavy metals to soil is reduced.
4. The grounding electrode main body improves grounding and corrosion resistance through shot blasting and pre-oxidation composite treatment, the stress state of the surface layer is changed into compressive stress through shot blasting, damage of chloride ions to a passivation film is reduced, and the tendency of uneven corrosion is reduced; the pre-oxidation promotes the diffusion and enrichment of copper elements in the grounding material matrix to the surface, generates aluminum-copper alloy corrosion products with high copper concentration, and improves the grounding conduction performance of the aluminum-copper alloy corrosion products.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications and variations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种环保型铝铜稀土合金垂直接地极，其特征是，包括由环保型铝铜稀土合金材料制成的接地极本体和由铝合金材料制成的接地极导入头，所述接地极导入头设置在接地极本体的下端；1. An environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode, characterized in that it comprises a grounding electrode body made of an environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy material and a grounding electrode lead-in head made of an aluminum alloy material, wherein the grounding electrode lead-in head is arranged at the lower end of the grounding electrode body; 所述接地极本体的截面为中空等边三角形，所述接地极本体的等边三角形的三个顶角处分别设置有一个矩形散流片，矩形散流片与三角形接地极为一体成型结构；The cross section of the grounding electrode body is a hollow equilateral triangle, and a rectangular diffuser is respectively provided at the three vertex corners of the equilateral triangle of the grounding electrode body, and the rectangular diffuser and the triangular grounding electrode are an integrally formed structure; 所述接地极本体的环保型铝铜稀土合金材料组成成分百分比为：铜含量为2%~3%，稀土为0.10%~0.30%，铁含量≤0.2%，硅含量≤0.1%，其余成分为铝；The environmentally friendly aluminum-copper-rare earth alloy material of the grounding electrode body has the following composition percentages: copper content is 2%-3%, rare earth content is 0.10%-0.30%, iron content is ≤0.2%, silicon content is ≤0.1%, and the remaining component is aluminum; 所述接地极导入头的底端为圆锥形体；接地体导入头的另一端为与接地极本体中空等边三角形的中空部分相对应的等边三角形楔形块。The bottom end of the grounding electrode lead-in head is a conical body; the other end of the grounding body lead-in head is an equilateral triangle wedge block corresponding to the hollow part of the hollow equilateral triangle of the grounding electrode body. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保型铝铜稀土合金垂直接地极，其特征是， 所述楔形块最顶端三角形截面小于接地极本体中空三角形的中空部分截面，所述楔形块最底端三角形截面大于接地极本体中空三角形的中空部分截面。2. An environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the triangular cross-section at the top of the wedge-shaped block is smaller than the cross-section of the hollow part of the hollow triangle of the grounding electrode body, and the triangular cross-section at the bottom of the wedge-shaped block is larger than the cross-section of the hollow part of the hollow triangle of the grounding electrode body. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种环保型铝铜稀土合金垂直接地极，其特征是，所述接地极导入头通过铸造高强度铝合金获得。3. An environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grounding electrode inlet head is obtained by casting a high-strength aluminum alloy. 4.如权利要求1-3任意一项所述一种环保型铝铜稀土合金垂直接地极的制备方法，其特征是，包括以下步骤：4. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 铸造合金锭并热挤压成型制作成接地极本体；Casting alloy ingots and hot extruding them to form a grounding electrode body; 对接地极本体进行喷丸与预氧化复合处理；The grounding electrode body is subjected to a composite treatment of shot peening and pre-oxidation; 铸造接地极导入头；Casting grounding electrode lead-in head; 将接地极本体和接地极导入头进行组合；Combine the grounding electrode body and the grounding electrode lead-in head; 所述对接地极本体进行喷丸与预氧化复合处理的过程为：The process of composite treatment of shot peening and pre-oxidation on the grounding electrode body is as follows: 采用丸料为60~80号玻璃微珠，喷丸压缩空气压力为0.05~0.1MPa，丸料流量为0.15~0.25kg/min，喷头移动速度为0.5~2m/min的喷丸工艺对接地极本体进行喷丸；The grounding electrode body is shot peened using a shot peening process with a shot material of 60~80 glass beads, a shot peening compressed air pressure of 0.05~0.1MPa, a shot material flow rate of 0.15~0.25kg/min, and a nozzle moving speed of 0.5~2m/min; 对接地极本体进行400℃/1H预氧化处理。The grounding electrode body is pre-oxidized at 400°C/1H. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种环保型铝铜稀土合金垂直接地极的制备方法，其特征是，所述铸造合金锭并热挤压成型制作成接地极本体的过程为：5. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode according to claim 4 is characterized in that the process of casting the alloy ingot and hot extruding it to form the grounding electrode body is: 铸造合金铸锭，浇铸温度为750~780℃；Casting alloy ingots, casting temperature is 750~780℃; 对合金铸锭进行热挤压成型，制作接地极本体，热挤压合金铸锭的加热温度为370~440℃。The alloy ingot is hot extruded to produce a grounding electrode body. The heating temperature of the hot extruded alloy ingot is 370-440°C. 6.根据权利要求4或5所述的一种环保型铝铜稀土合金垂直接地极的制备方法，其特征是，所述接地极导入头的制备过程为：铸造获得高强度Al-Cu系接地极导入头。6. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly aluminum-copper rare earth alloy vertical grounding electrode according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the preparation process of the grounding electrode guide head is: casting to obtain a high-strength Al-Cu based grounding electrode guide head.
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