Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device which is simple in structure and solves the problem of low efficiency of unloading powdery materials in a train carriage.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a railway transportation receiving and discharging device comprises a turnover table, a fixing mechanism, a conveying device and a limiting mechanism, wherein two ends of the turnover table are connected to the upper edge of a pit through hinge shafts, and a track corresponding to a vehicle body is arranged above the turnover table; the two sides of the overturning platform are provided with a plurality of fixing mechanisms corresponding to the vehicle body, each fixing mechanism comprises a fixing column and a limiting plate, the fixing columns are longitudinally and fixedly connected to the side edge of the overturning platform, the upper part of the limiting plate is connected with the side part of each fixing column through a first eccentric wheel, the lower end of the limiting plate is connected with the upper surface of the overturning platform through a second eccentric wheel, and the side edge of the overturning platform is hinged with a first hydraulic cylinder correspondingly connected with the; the upper end of the limiting plate is provided with a C-shaped buckling part corresponding to the vehicle body, and the inner wall of one side of the limiting plate, which is close to the vehicle body, is provided with a rubber lining; the pit inner wall is equipped with the stop gear who corresponds the roll-over table below, and roll-over table both sides lower surface passes through second pneumatic cylinder and connects pit bottom or inner wall, and the pit middle part is equipped with roof-shaped prominence, and its both sides are equipped with conveyor.
Preferably, the four groups of fixing mechanisms correspond to the side edges of the two ends of the vehicle body, a compartment door with the hinged upper edge is arranged in the middle of the vehicle body, and a limiting notch corresponding to the side wall of the vehicle body is arranged at the tail end of the C-shaped buckling part.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the rubber lining is uniformly distributed with transversely distributed limiting strips; the section of the limiting strip is rectangular or wedge-shaped with a large upper part and a small lower part.
Preferably, the limiting mechanisms are four groups of wedges correspondingly extending and contracting below two sides of the end part of the overturning platform, and third hydraulic cylinders correspondingly driving the wedges to extend and contract below the overturning platform are arranged in the pit.
Preferably, the conveying device is a spiral conveying device transversely arranged in the pit, the spiral conveying device comprises a spiral material guide plate and a material guide cylinder which are assembled with each other, and notches are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the material guide cylinder.
Preferably, the upper surface of the overturning platform is provided with a vibration motor corresponding to the bottom of the vehicle body, the vibration motor is fixedly connected to a lifting platform of the scissor type lifting platform, and the lifting platform extends upwards to form an extension arm abutting against the bottom of the vehicle body; and the scissor type lifting platform drives the lifting platform up and down through a fourth hydraulic cylinder.
Preferably, the upper edge of the end part of the pit is provided with a bearing corresponding to the hinge shaft of the roll-over table. And base plates turned over towards the overturning platform are hinged to two sides of the pit and driven by a fifth hydraulic cylinder. And a hinge lug plate correspondingly assembled with the first eccentric wheel or the second eccentric wheel extends out of the side wall of the limiting plate. The first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder, the third hydraulic cylinder, the vibration motor and the fourth hydraulic cylinder are correspondingly connected with electromagnetic valves, and the electromagnetic valves are correspondingly connected with the controller.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows: the train body is driven by the overturning platform to overturn and incline for unloading, the unloading efficiency is high, quick unloading can be realized, and the colleagues are provided with the vibrating motor to vibrate the train bottom, so that the complete unloading of materials is ensured.
Detailed Description
The embodiment discloses a railway transportation loading and unloading device, which is shown in figures 1-2: the device comprises a turnover table 10, a fixing mechanism, a conveying device and a limiting mechanism, wherein two ends of the turnover table 10 are connected to the upper edge of a pit 1 through hinge shafts, and a track 18 corresponding to a vehicle body 6 is arranged above the turnover table 10; a plurality of fixing mechanisms corresponding to the vehicle body 6 are arranged on two sides of the overturning platform 10, each fixing mechanism comprises a fixing column 3 and a limiting plate 5, the fixing columns 3 are longitudinally and fixedly connected to the side edge of the overturning platform 10, the upper portion of the limiting plate 5 is connected with the side portion of the fixing column 3 through a first eccentric wheel 4, the lower end of the limiting plate 5 is connected with the upper surface of the overturning platform 10 through a second eccentric wheel 15, and the side edge of the overturning platform 10 is hinged with a first hydraulic cylinder 2 correspondingly connected with the first eccentric wheel; the upper end of the limiting plate 5 is provided with a C-shaped buckling part corresponding to the vehicle body 6, and the inner wall of the limiting plate 5, close to one side of the vehicle body 6, is provided with a rubber lining; the inner wall of the pit 1 is provided with a limiting mechanism corresponding to the lower part of the overturning platform 10, the lower surfaces of the two sides of the overturning platform 10 are connected with the bottom or the inner wall of the pit 1 through a second hydraulic cylinder 12, the middle part of the pit 1 is provided with a ridge-shaped protrusion, and the two sides of the pit are provided with conveying devices.
Set up second pneumatic cylinder 12 and drive the platform that overturns, drive train automobile body 6 upset slope through roll-over table 10 and unload, unload efficiently, can realize unloading fast, the colleague sets up vibrating motor 7 and vibrates the vehicle bottom, guarantees that the material unloads completely.
The fixing columns 3 are arranged, fixing and limiting of two sides of the vehicle body 6 are carried out through the fixing columns 3, the limiting plate 5 is fixed through the first eccentric wheel 4 or the second eccentric wheel 15, the first eccentric wheel 4 is driven through the first hydraulic cylinder 2, the limiting plate 5 is firstly driven to be close to the side wall of the vehicle body 6 in the rotating process of the first eccentric wheel 4, then the limiting plate 5 generates downward displacement along with the first eccentric wheel 4 in the rotating process, the carriage of the vehicle body 6 is buckled through the C-shaped buckling part in the process, firstly, the vehicle body 6 is fixed, in the process, the second eccentric wheel 15 rotates along with the displacement of the limiting plate 5, when the carriage of the vehicle body 6 is completely buckled through the limiting plate 5, the hinging position of the limiting plate 5 and the first eccentric wheel 4 is located on the same horizontal plane, the hinging position of the main shaft of the second eccentric wheel 15 and the hinging position below the limiting plate 5 is located on the same horizontal plane, at the moment The stress of the first hydraulic cylinder 2 can be reduced, and the service life of the device is ensured.
Articulated railway carriage or compartment door 17 is equipped with to automobile body 6 both sides, realizes through railway carriage or compartment door 17 that the material is unloaded, limiting plate 5 corresponds the lock with spacing on the frame at automobile body 6 railway carriage or compartment door 17 both ends.
The second embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment, except that: the four groups of fixing mechanisms correspond to the side edges of the two ends of the vehicle body 6, the middle part of the vehicle body 6 is provided with a compartment door 17 hinged to the upper edge, the tail end of the C-shaped buckling part is provided with a limiting notch corresponding to the side walls of the two ends of the vehicle body 6, and when the limiting plate 5 fixes the vehicle body 6, the limiting notches are clamped on the two sides of the compartments at the two ends of the vehicle body 6. Set up the carriage both ends lateral wall of spacing breach lock automobile body 6, fix 6 tip carriage lateral walls of automobile body through spacing breach, avoid among the upset process automobile body 6 to produce and slide.
The inner wall of the rubber lining is uniformly distributed with transversely distributed limiting strips; the section of the limiting strip is rectangular or wedge-shaped with a large upper part and a small lower part. Set up the inside lining, can produce deformation through the extrusion, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing to 6 lateral walls of automobile body, effectively guarantee automobile body 6 and 5 soft contacts of limiting plate, avoid the damage of 6 outer walls of automobile body. The limiting strips which are transversely distributed are arranged, so that the contact surface with the vehicle body 6 is reduced when the limiting plate 5 is relieved from limiting, and the difficulty of contact limiting is reduced.
Example three this embodiment is substantially the same as the above example, except that: the limiting mechanisms are four groups of wedges 11 correspondingly extending and contracting below two sides of the end part of the overturning platform 10, and a third hydraulic cylinder 16 correspondingly driving the wedges 11 to extend and contract below the overturning platform 10 is arranged in the pit 1.
The conveying device is a spiral conveying device transversely arranged in the pit 1, the spiral conveying device comprises a spiral material guide plate and a material guide cylinder which are assembled with each other, and notches are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the material guide cylinder.
The wedge block 11 is arranged, the wedge block 11 extends out and then limits the position of the bottom of the overturning platform 10, the overturning platform 10 is prevented from overturning, the load of the second hydraulic cylinder 12 is reduced by the same worker, the service life is prolonged, and the ridge-shaped bulge is arranged at the bottom of the pit 1, so that materials can be conveniently guided to two sides of the pit 1; the materials fixed on the two sides of the guide pit 1 are guided into the material using station through the spiral material guide device 19, notches are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the material guide cylinder, and the length of the material guide cylinder is matched with that of the pit 1, so that the materials in the pit 1 can be conveniently guided out. The spiral material guiding device is conventional equipment.
Example four this embodiment is substantially the same as the above example, except that: the upper surface of the overturning platform 10 is provided with a vibration motor 7 corresponding to the bottom of the vehicle body 6, the vibration motor 7 is fixedly connected to a lifting platform of a shear type lifting platform 9, and an extension arm 8 abutting against the bottom of the vehicle body 6 extends upwards from the lifting platform; and the scissor type lifting platform 9 drives the lifting platform up and down through a fourth hydraulic cylinder. Shear type elevating platform 9 is conventional device, shear type hydraulic elevating platform rises at the in-process of unloading, contradict extension arm 8 at automobile body 6 lower extreme, shear type elevating platform 9 bottom links firmly roll-over table 10 through the spring, vibrating motor 7 starts, vibrate terminal surface under the automobile body 6 through vibrating motor 7, it unloads completely effectively to guarantee automobile body 6 bottom material, set up the spring, make vibrating motor 7 produce incessant vibration or strike automobile body 6 bottom through extension arm 8 in the vibration process, pass through spring buffering and collection with the reaction force that this process produced, vibration efficiency and vibration effect are improved.
The upper edge of the end part of the pit 1 is provided with a bearing corresponding to a hinge shaft of the overturning platform 10. And base plates 14 turned over towards the overturning platform 10 are hinged to two sides of the pit 1, and the base plates 14 are driven by a fifth hydraulic cylinder 13. The side wall of the limit plate 5 extends to form an articulated lug plate correspondingly assembled with the first eccentric wheel 4 or the second eccentric wheel 15. The first hydraulic cylinder 2, the second hydraulic cylinder 12, the third hydraulic cylinder 16, the vibration motor 7 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder are correspondingly connected with electromagnetic valves, and the electromagnetic valves are correspondingly connected with a controller. The controller is the plc controller, realizes automated control, sets up backing plate 14, realizes hiding the space between pit 1 and the roll-over table 10 through backing plate 14, guarantees that the manual work is close to automobile body 6 and opens railway carriage or compartment door 17, and railway carriage or compartment door 17 below is equipped with spacing lock, opens railway carriage or compartment door 17 back, through the drive of fifth pneumatic cylinder 13 when needing upset roll-over table 10 and opens, and the material of being convenient for falls into pit 1.