CN110247509A - The safety speed reducer and control method of flywheel energy storage system - Google Patents
The safety speed reducer and control method of flywheel energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110247509A CN110247509A CN201910519110.1A CN201910519110A CN110247509A CN 110247509 A CN110247509 A CN 110247509A CN 201910519110 A CN201910519110 A CN 201910519110A CN 110247509 A CN110247509 A CN 110247509A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
- H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
- H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
- H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system and control methods comprising: mandrel, matched cone roller bearing, Permanent-magnet bearing, rotor, flywheel, cone bearing, liquid reserve tank, brake system and shell；Brake system includes brake apparatus, cooling/heating device and controller, and brake apparatus includes circular arc brake shoes, oil hydraulic cylinder, hollow brake disk, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder and oil pressure pump；Cooling/heating device includes at least the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor, temperature sensor, fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe, bearing cooling tube, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube, hollow brake disk cooling tube, circulating-heating pump and circulation temperature lowering pump.According to different states, different control methods is used to the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system, can safety to flywheel reduction of speed, speed-raising, to reach safe and stable, efficient effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machinery fields, and in particular to a kind of safety speed reducer and controlling party of flywheel energy storage system
Method.
Background technique
Currently, existing flywheel energy storage system because energy storage coefficient and speed it is square directly proportional due to constantly raise speed, according to
Some data show that Tsinghua University's Speed of Reaction Wheels realized in 2001 alreadys exceed 8000r/min, as the technique of materialogy is sent out
Exhibition, the rotor of the composite type radial, circumference stress is superpower gradually replace all-steel flywheel, and flywheel is examined encountering failure
After disconnected analysis, the requirement such as speed limit, emergency stop, deceleration cannot be made at once because flywheel material limits, quality is excessive, flywheel easily occurs
The serious consequences such as disintegration even explosion.Meanwhile flywheel energy storage system is intended to vacuum environment, magneto is holding when the temperature is excessively high
Magnet loss phenomenon easily occurs, therefore the deceleration of brake system, heat dissipation problem become the bottle that Flywheel energy storage technique develops and promotes and applies
Neck.
Number of patent application is 201310086078.5, entitled " energy storage device of magnetic suspension flywheel and its method for diagnosing faults "
Patent of invention provides a kind of test method of fault diagnosis, and this method may determine that fly wheel system failure cause, has and compares
High fault-tolerant ability, but this method only failure occur when power-off be not directed under emergency stop, deceleration situations, do not solve how
The problem of safety is slowed down；
Number of patent application is 201621369864.1, and the utility model of entitled " a kind of cooling system of flywheel accumulator " is special
Benefit provides heat dissipating method, using hollow mandrel as cooling tube, reduces the heat phenomenon in rotor charge and discharge process；But
The innovative point is not obviously in view of the difficulty of processing speciality cooling tube and the frictional dissipation of metal (upper；It does not solve upper and lower yet
Security risk caused by oil leak in bearing；
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system and control methods, to solve
The too long problem of flywheel emergency stop braking time, the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system specifically include:
Mandrel 5, matched cone roller bearing 1, Permanent-magnet bearing 31, rotor 4, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17, liquid reserve tank
18, brake system and shell 20；Brake system includes brake apparatus, cooling/heating device and controller, and brake apparatus includes circle
Arc brake shoes 8, oil hydraulic cylinder 7, hollow brake disk 26, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 and oil pressure pump；Cooling/heating device is extremely
It less include the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 6, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor
27, temperature sensor 13, fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9, hollow brake circle
Disk cooling tube 28, circulating-heating pump and circulation temperature lowering pump；
Mandrel 5, matched cone roller bearing 1, Permanent-magnet bearing 31, rotor 4, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17, liquid reserve tank 18
It is all located in shell 20 with brake system；
It is central axes with mandrel 5 on mandrel 5, is sequentially installed with matched cone roller bearing 1, permanent magnetism axis from top to bottom
31, rotor 4 and flywheel 10 are held, the bottom of mandrel is equipped with cone bearing 17, and cone bearing 17 is located at the conical opening of liquid reserve tank 18
It is interior；
Blind hole is provided with from cone bearing 17 to mandrel 5, blind hole is located at the shaft core position of cone bearing 17 and mandrel 5, blind hole depth
Flywheel position or motor rotor position are installed to mandrel 5, bearing cooling tube 30 is installed in blind hole；
Fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12 and temperature sensor 13 are installed outside the conical opening of liquid reserve tank 18；
Multiple circular arc brake shoes 8 are circlewise arranged in around the inner ring of flywheel 10, are braked in circular arc brake shoes 8 containing circular arc
Block cooling tube 9, each circular arc brake shoes 8 are connect with 7 push rod end of oil hydraulic cylinder in brake system, each 7 bottom of oil hydraulic cylinder
Seat end and 20 pin connection of flywheel energy storage system shell；First electromagnetic eddy range sensor is installed on each circular arc brake shoes 8
With temperature sensor 6；
Hollow brake disk 26 is concentric ring-shaped shape, and card slot is arranged at hollow 26 bottom of brake disk, and inside includes pipe
The hollow brake disk cooling tube 28 in shape circuit is equipped with the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature on hollow brake disk 26
Spend sensor 27；
Hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected with oil pressure pump, 22 push rod end of hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder and hollow brake
The interference fit of vehicle disk 26 and pin connection；22 base end of hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected through cushion block 21 with shell.
Preferably, flywheel 10 is that steel material composition is either composed of steel wheel hub and high tensile strength fibrous material,
Flywheel internal diameter and outside diameter of mandrel are interference fitted, and by straight pin positioning and locking and transmit torque.
It preferably, further include pressure sensor 19, the pressure sensor 19 is mounted in the liquid reserve tank 18, for examining
Survey the liquid pressure value in the liquid reserve tank 18.
It preferably, further include Radial Perturbation plate 25, the Radial Perturbation plate 25 is mounted on the lower part of hollow brake disk 26
And fixed with shell, Radial Perturbation plate 25 is axial parallel with mandrel 5 and cooperates with hollow 26 bottom card slot of brake disk, is braking
In the process, Radial Perturbation plate 25 allow hollow brake disk to move axially, and prevent hollow brake disk rotational.
Preferably, the bearing cooling tube 30 is double layered tubular structure, central tube of the circulating liquid from bearing cooling tube 30
Lower part flow into after, sprayed from the top of the central tube of bearing cooling tube 30 and flow into liquid reserve tank 18 after flowing into interlayer.
And a kind of control method of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system, including the control in following five kinds of states
Method:
The first, is when unlatching flywheel energy storage system, when flywheel starts to charge speed-raising, controller control loop heat pump and storage
The circuit communication of fuel tank cooling/heating pipe 12, circulating-heating pump heat cycles liquid simultaneously make circulating liquid cool down/add in fuel reserve tank
It is recycled in heat pipe 12, it is therefore intended that improve the temperature nearby of cone bearing 17, reduce the lubricating fluid viscosity in liquid reserve tank 18, shorten
Flywheel raises speed the time；When temperature sensor 13 detects that 17 temperature of cone bearing reaches set temperature, controller control loop adds
Heat pump keeps the temperature of previous cycle liquid, and when detecting that flywheel rotor speed reaches setting speed, controller stops circulation
Heat pump work；In this case, circular arc brake shoes 8 and hollow brake disk 26 are done nothing, oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow
The push rod of plunger type hydraulic oil cylinder 22 is all in retracted state；
Second, when controller receives electric discharge deceleration instruction, controller control loop cooling pump is passed with maximum stream flow
It send low-temperature circulating liquid to bearing cooling tube 30, reduces rotor 4 during discharge because of copper loss, magnetic hystersis loss, vortex damage
The thermal energy that consumption and frictional dissipation generate guarantees 10 discharge process safety and stability of flywheel；In this case, circular arc brake shoes 8 is in
Sky brake disk 26 is done nothing, and the push rod of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 is all in retracted state；
The third, in flywheel energy storage system emergency deceleration, emergency stop, controller opens circulation temperature lowering pump, makes fuel reserve tank
Circulation fluid in cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 and hollow brake disk cooling tube 28
Body carries out circulation temperature lowering；The oil pressure pump of controller control simultaneously conveys positive high pressure liquid pressure oil to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug liquid
Compressing cylinder 22, oil hydraulic cylinder 7 push the contact progress of flywheel 10 of circular arc brake shoes 8 friction catch, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 to push away
It moves hollow brake disk 26 and contacts the progress friction catch of flywheel 10；Meanwhile first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensing
Device 6 and the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 respectively by the distance between circular arc brake shoes 8 and flywheel 10,
The temperature feedback of the temperature of circular arc brake shoes 8, hollow brake the distance between disk 26 and flywheel 10 and hollow brake disk 26
To controller, controller compares according to feedback quantity and hydraulic oil pressure output quantity and then controls the pressure size of oil pressure pump, oil storage
Circulation in case cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 and hollow brake disk cooling tube 28
The temperature and flow velocity of flow velocity size and the circulation temperature lowering pump of liquid；
4th kind, when velocity sensor detects that the speed of 10 rotor of flywheel is zero, controller controls oil pressure pump conveying
High back voltage hydraulic oil to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22, stop by the circular arc that the withdrawal of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected with push rod
Vehicle block 7, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 withdraw the hollow brake disk 26 being connected with push rod；Simultaneously according to the first electromagnetism whirlpool
Flow range sensor and temperature sensor 6, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 and temperature sensor 13
Whether the temperature detected reaches set temperature value using the temperature that detects of controller judgement, when reaching set temperature value just
It is cooling to cut off corresponding fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30,9 or hollow brake disk of circular arc brake shoes cooling tube
The circulation of circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump in pipe 28；
5th kind, when controller is connected to cancellation instruction during brake deceleration, it is defeated that oil pressure pump is immediately controlled in controller
The circular arc for sending high back voltage hydraulic oil to be connected to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22, the withdrawal of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 with push rod
Brake shoes 7, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 withdraw the hollow brake disk 26 being connected with push rod；Controller judges the simultaneously
One electromagnetic eddy range sensor is detected with temperature sensor 6 and the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor with temperature sensor 27
Temperature whether reach set temperature value, when reaching set temperature value, be switched off corresponding circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 or hollow
The circulation of circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump in brake disk cooling tube 28；Bearing cooling tube 30 and fuel reserve tank is kept to cool down/add
The circulation of circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump in heat pipe 12, to continue to reduce the temperature of flywheel spindle 5 and cone bearing 17.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system can greatly reduce Speed of Reaction Wheels in vacuum environment, in turn
Reach safe and efficient effect, to save manpower, improves working efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of sectional view of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system；
Fig. 2 is a kind of hypertropia figure of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system (shell is section)；
Fig. 3 is a kind of oblique view of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system (shell is section)；
Fig. 4 is a kind of circular arc brake shoes three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system；
Fig. 5 is a kind of hollow brake disk top view of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system；
Fig. 6 is a kind of hollow brake disk tomograph of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system；And
Fig. 7 is a kind of brake system of the safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system.
Appended drawing reference: 1- matched cone roller bearing, 2- Permanent-magnet bearing stationary ring, 3- magnetic conduction rotating ring, 4- rotor, 5- core
Axis, 6- the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor, 7- oil hydraulic cylinder, 8- circular arc brake shoes, 9- circular arc brake shoes are cold
But pipe, 10- flywheel, 11- straight pin, 12- fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe, 13- temperature sensor, 14- bearing cooling tube outlet,
15 bearings cool down tube inlet, 16- helicla flute, 17- cone bearing, 18- liquid reserve tank, 19- pressure sensor, 20- shell, 21- cushion block,
The hollow brake disk cooling tube outlet 22- hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder, 23-, the hollow brake disk of 24- cooling tube inlet, 25-
The hollow brake disk of Radial Perturbation plate, 26-, 27- the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and the hollow brake of temperature sensor, 28-
Disk cooling tube, 30- bearing cooling tube, 31- Permanent-magnet bearing；
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the patent is explained in further detail With reference to embodiment.
Fig. 1,2 are please referred to, a kind of safety speed reducer and control method of flywheel energy storage system include at least mandrel
5, matched cone roller bearing 1, Permanent-magnet bearing 31, rotor 4, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17, liquid reserve tank 18, brake system and
Shell 20；Brake system includes brake apparatus, cooling/heating device and controller, and brake apparatus includes circular arc brake shoes 8, oil
Cylinder pressure 7, hollow brake disk 26, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 and oil pressure pump；Cooling/heating device includes at least the first electricity
Magnetic is vortexed range sensor and temperature sensor 6, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27, temperature sensor
13, fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9, hollow brake disk cooling tube 28, follow
Ring heat pump and circulation temperature lowering pump.The safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system is central axes with mandrel 5, is successively pacified from top to bottom
Equipped with matched cone roller bearing 1, Permanent-magnet bearing 31, rotor 4, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17 and liquid reserve tank 18, brake system
Distributing installation is near mandrel 5, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17 and liquid reserve tank 18, mandrel 5, matched cone roller bearing 1, permanent magnetism axis
It holds 31, rotor 4, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17, liquid reserve tank 18 and brake system to be all located in shell 20, flywheel energy storage system
The specific structure of safety speed reducer will be described in detail below.
The top of mandrel 5 is equipped with matched cone roller bearing 1, and matched cone roller bearing 1 makes 10 radial displacement of flywheel
It remains in the interstice coverage between rotor 4 and shell 20, because of force unbalance when avoiding 10 high speed rotation of flywheel
Or deceleration mechanism acts on and causes flywheel uneven, and then leads to rotor and shell frictional heat generation.Meanwhile taper roller
Bearing 1 has stronger axial bearing capacity, the circular cone when the Permanent-magnet bearing 31 of 5 upper end of mandrel provides the unloading force of 90%-95%
Roller bearing 1 can also limit flywheel rotor axial displacement, avoid occurring under flywheel spindle because 31 unloading force of Permanent-magnet bearing is excessive
There is the accident to fall off in the cone bearing at end.
Permanent-magnet bearing 31 is installed, Permanent-magnet bearing 31 is by Permanent-magnet bearing stationary ring 2 and magnetic conduction rotating ring 3 under tapered roller bearing 1
(being commonly called as " small flywheel ") composition.Permanent-magnet bearing stationary ring 2 is fixed on the shell, and magnetic conduction rotating ring 3 is connected to mandrel 5 by straight pin
On, which can pass through in the dynamic balance running before flywheel dispatches from the factory aggravates to test the dynamic balancing for guaranteeing flywheel, and with
This pushes flywheel to cross critical speed, reduces Oscillation Amplitude.
The rotor 4 being mounted in below Permanent-magnet bearing 31 on mandrel.Motor in the present embodiment uses permanent-magnet synchronous
Motor；Motor stator is permanent-magnet material, and with shell is embedding is integrated；Rotor 4 is made of armature winding, using interference fit
And associative key connection type positioning transmitting torque.
Flywheel 10 is mounted on mandrel middle and lower part, the lower section of rotor 4.Flywheel 10 can be with all steel materials, can also
With to be composed of steel wheel hub and high tensile strength fibrous material.Flywheel internal diameter and outside diameter of mandrel are interference fitted, and pass through straight pin
Positioning and locking simultaneously transmits torque.
5 lower end of mandrel is the cone bearing 17 with helicla flute 16, cone bearing 17 and mandrel 5 is integrally formed or the company of fixation
It connects, cone bearing 17 is located in the conical opening of liquid reserve tank 18；Liquid reserve tank 18 is provided with circulating liquid, circulating liquid be lubricating oil or
Water can provide thin so that containing a small amount of lubricating oil or water in the helicla flute 16 of cone bearing 17 in rotor high speed rotation
Oil film or thin water film can reduce frictional force by the film, reduce frictional dissipation.It is provided with blind hole from cone bearing 17 to mandrel 5,
Blind hole is located at the shaft core position of cone bearing 17 and mandrel 5, and blind hole depth to mandrel 5 installs flywheel position or motor rotor position,
Bearing cooling tube 30 is installed, bearing cooling tube 30 is double layered tubular structure, and fixed with liquid reserve tank 18 in blind hole.Circulating liquid
The cooling tube inlet 15 of bearing for flowing into bearing cooling tube lower part is pumped from circulation temperature lowering, circulating liquid is by bearing cooling tube 30
The top heart Guan Houcong returns to liquid reserve tank 18 after spraying inflow interlayer, and liquid reserve tank 18 is returned to using bearing cooling tube outlet 14 and followed
Ring cooling pump, so that circulating liquid can have been circulated in bearing cooling tube 30 for cone bearing 17 and the cooling of mandrel 5.
Pressure sensor 19 is installed in liquid reserve tank 18, can detecte the liquid pressure value in liquid reserve tank 18, fly wheel system
In charge and discharge process, to avoid 17 oil mass of cone bearing or water from causing oil film or moisture film damaged less, it is necessary to be arranged in fuel reserve tank 18
Pressure value be positive value, guarantee that cone bearing 17 will not be few because of oil mass or water with this, lack film necessary to lubrication to increasing
Big frictional force causes to generate heat.Fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, fuel reserve tank cooling/add are installed outside the conical opening of liquid reserve tank 18
Heat pipe 12 is connected with circulating-heating pump and circulation temperature lowering pump respectively by threeway fluid valve forms heating circuit and cooling circuit.
When needing to heat, the connection of fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12 and circulation temperature lowering pump is closed, so that circulating-heating pump is followed in heating
When ring liquid, circulating liquid can in fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12 and circulating-heating pump circulating in cycles.Storage
Fuel tank cooling/heating pipe 12 can provide heat source in rotor low speed, improve temperature, and lubricating fluid activity can be improved in high temperature,
Viscosity is reduced, the frictional force of cone bearing is reduced, reduces frictional dissipation, shortens the speed-raising time, shortens charging-discharging cycle.Work as needs
When cooling, the connection of fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12 and circulating-heating pump is closed, so that circulation temperature lowering pump is in cooling cycle liquid
When, circulating liquid can in cooling/heating pipe 12 and circulation temperature lowering pump circulating in cycles.The taper of liquid reserve tank 18
The external temperature for being also equipped with temperature sensor 13 and being used to monitor cone bearing 17 of mouth.
Brake apparatus in brake system includes at least circular arc brake shoes 8, oil hydraulic cylinder 7, hollow brake disk 26, hollow posts
Plunger type hydraulic oil cylinder 22 and oil pressure pump.
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional structure figure of circular arc brake shoes 8, and multiple circular arc brake shoes 8 are annularly arranged in flywheel 10
Around inner ring, specific size is determined by flywheel rotor quality and 8 quantity of circular arc brake shoes, if flywheel rotor quality is big, is justified
8 volume of arc brake shoes is larger, also larger with the contact area of flywheel, if 8 quantity of circular arc brake shoes is more, circular arc brake shoes 8
Volume can be smaller；Those skilled in the art, which can according to need, to be selected.Each circular arc brake shoes 8 in brake system
The connection of 7 push rod end of oil hydraulic cylinder, each 7 base end of oil hydraulic cylinder and 20 pin connection of flywheel energy storage system shell.The number of oil hydraulic cylinder 7
Amount is identical as 8 quantity of circular arc brake shoes, and each oil hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected with oil pressure pump.According to existing experimental analysis, 100%
When full rubbing, rotor axis makees the positive precession of significantly same frequency of 50Hz, it is maximum to swash battle array power amplitude, so in order to avoid occurring
Phenomenon is stated, circular arc brake shoes 8 cannot be covered with one week, cannot whole lockings；After flywheel 10 and circular arc brake shoes 8 continuously friction,
Orbit of shaft center, which first dissipates, to be converged to afterwards on a limit circular orbit, and amplitude is many beyond defined limitation circle, so needing to match
1 mechanical clearance of tapered roller bearing is less than limitation circle.Circular arc brake shoes 8 is mounted on around the inner ring of flywheel 10, can be prevented forever
Magnetic bearing bearing capacity causes flywheel 10 to tilt when too small, to avoid rotor 4 and stator friction；The circle of circular arc brake shoes 8
Arcuation can also cause cone bearing 17 to fall off to avoid Permanent-magnet bearing bearing capacity is excessive, play the function of limiter.Circular arc brake shoes 8
Friction catch position is flywheel spindle's wheel hub, avoids dust brought by composite friction material flywheel outer diameter, while mandrel wheel hub
Circular arc abrasion bring computing ballance correction influences smaller after friction brake, can continue to use flywheel；Circular arc brake shoes 8 compares dish-style
Brake system, drum brakes system heat dissipation effect in vacuum environment are more preferable.
8 top of circular arc brake shoes is also equipped with the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 6, is needing to cool down
When the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 6 detect the distance between circular arc brake shoes 8 and flywheel 10.Sentenced with this
Disconnected circular arc brake shoes 8 whether with 10 friction catch of flywheel；When not needing cooling, the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature
Sensor 6 can detecte orbit of shaft center, and then detect the property of gyroscope such as rotors going into precession；First electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature
Temperature sensor in degree sensor 6 is divided into two kinds, a kind of temperature can detecte circular arc brake shoes 8 for touch sensor,
A kind of temperature can detecte flywheel 10 for infrared type non-contact sensor reduces circular arc brake shoes 8 when temperature is overcritical
Precession friction catch can effectively run slowly safely into anti-lock state.
Contain circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 in circular arc brake shoes 8, which can bore using drilling machine
Hole obtains, and can also cast, and the lower end of circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 enters circulating cooling liquid, and upper end exports circulating cooling liquid.Circle
Arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 is connected with circulation temperature lowering pump.
Fig. 5,6 for it is hollow brake disk 26 top view and tomograph, it can be seen that hollow brake disk 26 is same
Card slot is arranged at heart annular shape shape, hollow 26 bottom of brake disk, and inside includes the hollow brake disk cooling tube of tubular loop
28, the circulation pipe entrance and exit of hollow brake disk cooling tube 28 is located at the two sides of hollow brake disk 26.Hollow brake
Vehicle disk cooling tube 26 is connected with circulation temperature lowering pump forms cooling circuit, and circulating liquid is by circulation temperature lowering pump outflow by circulation pipe
Entrance 24 enters circulation tube seat, exports after recycling tube seat from circulation pipe and returns to circulation temperature lowering pump, for cooling down hollow brake
Disk 26.
It is also equipped with the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 on hollow brake disk 26, for detecting
The distance between hollow brake disk 26 and flywheel 10.With this judge hollow brake disk 26 whether with 10 friction catch of flywheel；
Temperature sensor in second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 both can detecte hollow brake disk 26
Temperature can detecte the temperature of flywheel 10 again.
To prevent in brake process, hollow brake disk 26 rotates coaxially together with flywheel 10, spy's installation Radial Perturbation plate
25, Radial Perturbation plate 25 is mounted on the lower part of hollow brake disk 26 and fixes with shell, and Radial Perturbation plate 25 and mandrel 5 are axial
Cooperate in parallel and with hollow 26 bottom card slot of brake disk, so that Radial Perturbation plate 25 allow hollow brakes in brake process
The axial movement of vehicle disk, and prevent its rotation.
Hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected with oil pressure pump, 22 push rod end of hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder and hollow brake
The interference fit of vehicle disk 26 and pin connection；22 base end of hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected through cushion block 21 with shell.
Controller and the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 6, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor with
Temperature sensor 27, temperature sensor 13, oil pressure pump, circulating-heating pump are connected with circulation temperature lowering pump, and control to them
System.
Below for the safety speed reducer of the flywheel energy storage system in the present embodiment, the different control under different conditions
Method is described in detail, and specifically includes the control method of following five kinds of states:
The first, is when unlatching flywheel energy storage system, when flywheel starts to charge speed-raising, controller control loop heat pump and storage
The circuit communication of fuel tank cooling/heating pipe 12, circulating-heating pump heat cycles liquid simultaneously make circulating liquid cool down/add in fuel reserve tank
It is recycled in heat pipe 12, it is therefore intended that improve the temperature nearby of cone bearing 17, reduce the lubricating fluid viscosity in liquid reserve tank 18, shorten
Flywheel raises speed the time；When temperature sensor 13 detects that 17 temperature of cone bearing reaches set temperature, controller control loop adds
Heat pump keeps the temperature of previous cycle liquid, and when detecting that flywheel rotor speed reaches setting speed, controller stops circulation
Heat pump work；At this point, circular arc brake shoes 8 and hollow brake disk 26 do not need to carry out any operation, oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts
The push rod of plunger type hydraulic oil cylinder 22 is all in retracted state.
Second, when controller receives electric discharge deceleration instruction, controller control loop cooling pump is passed with maximum stream flow
It send low-temperature circulating liquid to bearing cooling tube 30, reduces rotor 4 during discharge because of copper loss, magnetic hystersis loss, vortex damage
The thermal energy that consumption and frictional dissipation generate guarantees 10 discharge process safety and stability of flywheel；At this point, circular arc brake shoes 8 and hollow brake
Disk 26 does not need to carry out any operation, and the push rod of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 is all in retracted state.
The third, when slowing down in the charging speed-raising of flywheel energy storage system, power consumption idling, electric discharge etc. in links because of individual factor
(the including but not limited to factors such as vacuum degree reduction, mechanical friction, flywheel unstability) cause system must emergency deceleration, emergency stop when,
Controller open circulation temperature lowering pump, make fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 and in
Circulating liquid in sky brake disk cooling tube 28 carries out circulation temperature lowering；The oil pressure pump of controller control simultaneously conveys positive high pressure liquid
To oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22, oil hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes circular arc brake shoes 8 to contact flywheel 10 and rubs pressure oil
Braking, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 push hollow brake disk 26 to contact flywheel 10 and carry out friction catch；Meanwhile first is electric
Magnetic is vortexed range sensor and temperature sensor 6 and the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 respectively by circular arc
The distance between the distance between brake shoes 8 and flywheel 10, the temperature of circular arc brake shoes 8, hollow brake disk 26 and flywheel 10
With it is hollow brake disk 26 temperature feedback arrive controller, controller according to feedback quantity and hydraulic oil pressure output quantity comparison in turn
Control the pressure size of oil pressure pump, fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 and hollow
The flow velocity size of circulating liquid in brake disk cooling tube 28 and the temperature and flow velocity of circulation temperature lowering pump.
4th kind, when velocity sensor detects that the speed of flywheel rotor 10 is zero, controller controls oil pressure pump conveying
High back voltage hydraulic oil to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22, stop by the circular arc that the withdrawal of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected with push rod
Vehicle block 8, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 withdraw the hollow brake disk 26 being connected with push rod；Simultaneously according to the first electromagnetism whirlpool
Flow range sensor and temperature sensor 6, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 and temperature sensor 13
Whether the temperature detected reaches set temperature value using the temperature that detects of controller judgement, when reaching set temperature value just
It is cooling to cut off corresponding fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30,9 or hollow brake disk of circular arc brake shoes cooling tube
The circulation of circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump in pipe 28.
5th kind, when controller is connected to cancellation instruction during brake deceleration, it is defeated that oil pressure pump is immediately controlled in controller
The circular arc for sending high back voltage hydraulic oil to be connected to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22, the withdrawal of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 with push rod
Brake shoes 7, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 withdraw the hollow brake disk 26 being connected with push rod.Controller judges the simultaneously
One electromagnetic eddy range sensor is detected with temperature sensor 6 and the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor with temperature sensor 27
Temperature whether reach set temperature value, when reaching set temperature value, be switched off corresponding circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 or hollow
The circulation of circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump in brake disk cooling tube 28.But it needs to keep bearing cooling tube 30 and oil storage at this time
In case cooling/heating pipe 12 flowing of circulating liquid with continue reduce flywheel spindle 5 and cone bearing 17 temperature.
In the present embodiment controller can using single-chip microcontroller, PLC, DSP etc. have calculate, storage, judgement and it is without being limited thereto
The intelligent chip of class；Circuit includes chip, decoding chip, coding chip, Music Clip, speech chip, language core in controller
One or more chip in piece or acoustic memory chip or other functional chips；
The preferred embodiment of the patent is described in detail in summary, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations
Mode within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art can also be in the premise for not departing from this patent objective
Under make a variety of changes.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system, it is characterised in that: it is included at least with lower component:
Mandrel 5, Permanent-magnet bearing 31, rotor 4, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17, liquid reserve tank 18, is stopped matched cone roller bearing 1
Vehicle system and shell 20；Brake system includes brake apparatus, cooling/heating device and controller, and brake apparatus includes that circular arc is stopped
Vehicle block 8, oil hydraulic cylinder 7, hollow brake disk 26, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 and oil pressure pump；Cooling/heating device at least wraps
Include the first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 6, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27, temperature
It is cold to spend sensor 13, fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9, hollow brake disk
But pipe 28, circulating-heating pump and circulation temperature lowering pump；
Mandrel 5, matched cone roller bearing 1, Permanent-magnet bearing 31, rotor 4, flywheel 10, cone bearing 17, liquid reserve tank 18 and brake
Vehicle system is all located in shell 20；
On mandrel 5, with mandrel 5 be central axes be sequentially installed with from top to bottom matched cone roller bearing 1, Permanent-magnet bearing 31,
Rotor 4 and flywheel 10, the bottom of mandrel 5 are equipped with cone bearing 17, and cone bearing 17 is located in the conical opening of liquid reserve tank 18；
Blind hole is provided with from cone bearing 17 to mandrel 5, blind hole is located at the shaft core position of cone bearing 17 and mandrel 5, blind hole depth to core
Axis 5 installs flywheel position or motor rotor position, is equipped with bearing cooling tube 30 in blind hole；
Fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12 and temperature sensor 13 are installed outside the conical opening of liquid reserve tank 18；
Multiple circular arc brake shoes 8 are circlewise arranged in around the inner ring of flywheel 10, cold containing circular arc brake shoes in circular arc brake shoes 8
But pipe 9, each circular arc brake shoes 8 are connect with 7 push rod end of oil hydraulic cylinder in brake system, each 7 base end of oil hydraulic cylinder
With 20 pin connection of flywheel energy storage system shell；First electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature are installed on each circular arc brake shoes 8
Spend sensor 6；
Hollow brake disk 26 is concentric ring-shaped shape, and card slot is arranged at hollow 26 bottom of brake disk, and inside includes that tubulose returns
The hollow brake disk cooling tube 28 on road, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor is equipped on hollow brake disk 26 and temperature passes
Sensor 27；
Hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected with oil pressure pump, and 22 push rod end of hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder and hollow brake are justified
The interference fit of disk 26 and pin connection；22 base end of hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected through cushion block 21 with shell.
2. a kind of safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Flywheel 10 is that steel material composition is either composed of steel wheel hub and high tensile strength fibrous material, flywheel internal diameter and core
Axis outer diameter interference fit, by straight pin positioning and locking and transmits torque.
3. a kind of safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It further include pressure sensor 19, the pressure sensor 19 is mounted in the liquid reserve tank 18, for detecting the liquid storage
Liquid pressure value in case 18.
4. a kind of safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It further include Radial Perturbation plate 25, the Radial Perturbation plate 25 is mounted on the lower part of hollow brake disk 26 and consolidates with shell
Fixed, Radial Perturbation plate 25 is axial parallel with mandrel 5 and cooperates with hollow 26 bottom card slot of brake disk, in brake process, diameter
Allow hollow brake disk to move axially to disturbance plate 25, prevents hollow brake disk rotational.
5. a kind of safety speed reducer of flywheel energy storage system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The bearing cooling tube 30 is double layered tubular structure, and circulating liquid is flowed into from the lower part of the central tube of bearing cooling tube 30
Afterwards, it is sprayed from the top of the central tube of bearing cooling tube 30 and flows into liquid reserve tank 18 after flowing into interlayer.
6. a kind of control method of the safety speed reducer using flywheel energy storage system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Control method including following five kinds of states:
The first, when unlatching flywheel energy storage system, when flywheel starts to charge speed-raising, controller control loop heat pump and fuel reserve tank
The circuit communication of cooling/heating pipe 12, circulating-heating pump heat cycles liquid simultaneously make circulating liquid in fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe
It is recycled in 12, it is therefore intended that improve the temperature nearby of cone bearing 17, reduce the lubricating fluid viscosity in liquid reserve tank 18, shorten flywheel
It raises speed the time；When temperature sensor 13 detects that 17 temperature of cone bearing reaches set temperature, controller control loop heat pump
The temperature for keeping previous cycle liquid, when detecting that flywheel rotor speed reaches setting speed, controller stops circulating-heating
Pump work；Circular arc brake shoes 8 and hollow brake disk 26 are done nothing, oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder
22 push rod is all in retracted state；
Second, when controller receives electric discharge deceleration instruction, controller control loop cooling pump is transmitted low with maximum stream flow
Warm circulating liquid to bearing cooling tube 30, reduce rotor 4 during discharge because copper loss, magnetic hystersis loss, eddy-current loss with
And the thermal energy that frictional dissipation generates guarantees 10 discharge process safety and stability of flywheel；Circular arc brake shoes 8 and hollow brake disk 26 are not
Carry out any operation, the push rod of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 is all in retracted state；
The third, in flywheel energy storage system emergency deceleration, emergency stop, controller opens circulation temperature lowering pump, make fuel reserve tank it is cooling/
Circulating liquid in heating tube 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 and hollow brake disk cooling tube 28 carries out
Circulation temperature lowering；The oil pressure pump of controller control simultaneously conveys positive high pressure liquid pressure oil to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder
22, it is hollow that oil hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the contact progress of flywheel 10 of circular arc brake shoes 8 friction catch, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 to push
The disk 26 that brakes contacts flywheel 10 and carries out friction catch；Meanwhile first electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 6 and the
Two electromagnetic eddy range sensors and temperature sensor 27 respectively stop the distance between circular arc brake shoes 8 and flywheel 10, circular arc
The temperature of vehicle block 8, it is hollow brake the distance between disk 26 and flywheel 10 and it is hollow brake disk 26 temperature feedback to control
Device, controller is compared according to feedback quantity and hydraulic oil pressure output quantity and then the pressure size of control oil pressure pump, and fuel reserve tank cooling/
Heating tube 12, bearing cooling tube 30, circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 and it is hollow brake disk cooling tube 28 in circulating liquid stream
The temperature and flow velocity of fast size and circulation temperature lowering pump；
4th kind, when velocity sensor detects that the speed of 10 rotor of flywheel is zero, it is reversed that controller controls oil pressure pump conveying
The circular arc brake shoes that high pressure liquid pressure oil is connected to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22, the withdrawal of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 with push rod
7, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 withdraws the hollow brake disk 26 being connected with push rod；Simultaneously according to the first electromagnetic eddy away from
It is detected from sensor and temperature sensor 6, the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 and temperature sensor 13
Whether the temperature arrived reaches set temperature value using the temperature that controller judgement detects, is switched off when reaching set temperature value
Corresponding fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe 12, bearing cooling tube 30,9 or hollow brake disk cooling tube 28 of circular arc brake shoes cooling tube
The circulation of middle circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump；
5th kind, when controller is connected to cancellation instruction during brake deceleration, it is anti-that oil pressure pump conveying is immediately controlled in controller
The circular arc brake being connected to high pressure liquid pressure oil to oil hydraulic cylinder 7 and hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22, the withdrawal of oil hydraulic cylinder 7 with push rod
Block 8, hollow posts plug hydraulic cylinder 22 withdraw the hollow brake disk 26 being connected with push rod；Controller judges the first electricity simultaneously
The temperature that magnetic vortex range sensor and temperature sensor 6 and the second electromagnetic eddy range sensor and temperature sensor 27 detect
Whether degree reaches set temperature value, when reaching set temperature value, is switched off corresponding circular arc brake shoes cooling tube 9 or hollow brake
The circulation of circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump in disk cooling tube 28；Keep bearing cooling tube 30 and fuel reserve tank cooling/heating pipe
The circulation of circulating liquid and circulation temperature lowering pump in 12, to continue to reduce the temperature of flywheel spindle 5 and cone bearing 17.
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| CN201910519110.1A CN110247509B (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Safety speed reduction device of flywheel energy storage system and control method |
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| CN201910519110.1A CN110247509B (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Safety speed reduction device of flywheel energy storage system and control method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112762659A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 南京欧能机械有限公司 | Quick-cooling and quick-heating constant-temperature oil circulation control machine |
| CN115065200A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-09-16 | 华驰动能(北京)科技有限公司 | Liquid cooling energy storage flywheel with vacuum environment inside and energy storage equipment |
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| CN201857238U (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2011-06-08 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Constant deceleration safety braking system for mine hoist |
| CN103486164A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏理工学院 | Hydraulic speed retarding device adopting engine oil as medium |
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| JPS6012332A (en) * | 1983-06-29 | 1985-01-22 | Hino Motors Ltd | Refrigerating system for refrigerator vehicle |
| CN201857238U (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2011-06-08 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Constant deceleration safety braking system for mine hoist |
| CN103486164A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏理工学院 | Hydraulic speed retarding device adopting engine oil as medium |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112762659A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 南京欧能机械有限公司 | Quick-cooling and quick-heating constant-temperature oil circulation control machine |
| CN115065200A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-09-16 | 华驰动能(北京)科技有限公司 | Liquid cooling energy storage flywheel with vacuum environment inside and energy storage equipment |
| CN115065200B (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-15 | 华驰动能(北京)科技有限公司 | Liquid cooling energy storage flywheel with vacuum environment inside and energy storage equipment |
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| CN110247509B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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