CN110244498A - Nonlinear frequency conversion crystal - Google Patents
Nonlinear frequency conversion crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110244498A CN110244498A CN201810436036.2A CN201810436036A CN110244498A CN 110244498 A CN110244498 A CN 110244498A CN 201810436036 A CN201810436036 A CN 201810436036A CN 110244498 A CN110244498 A CN 110244498A
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical class [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- VCZFPTGOQQOZGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(oxoboranyloxy)borinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]B(OB=O)OB=O VCZFPTGOQQOZGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QBLDFAIABQKINO-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium borate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O QBLDFAIABQKINO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000329 molecular dynamics simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/3501—Constructional details or arrangements of non-linear optical devices, e.g. shape of non-linear crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/37—Non-linear optics for second-harmonic generation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
- G02F1/354—Third or higher harmonic generation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of nonlinear frequency conversion crystal, including the plane of incidence, the first tapered plane, the second tapered plane and spherical surface；The phase matched direction of crystal and the centerline axis parallel of crystal, the plane of incidence is perpendicular to the central axis, first tapered plane and the second tapered plane are oppositely arranged in central axis two sides respectively, and the first tapered plane and second tapered plane are and central axis is at identical angle；Spherical surface is connect with the first tapered plane and the second tapered plane respectively, and the centre of sphere of spherical surface is located on central axis.The crystal provided in the embodiment of the present invention, twice frequency conversion is realized on trip path, primary focus is realized during realizing frequency conversion every time simultaneously, such setting can greatly improve frequency conversion efficiency, so that finally increasing from the ratio of the light beam after frequency conversion in the light beam that the plane of incidence of crystal projects.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to nonlinear frequency transformation technical fields, more particularly, to nonlinear frequency conversion crystalline substance
Body.
Background technique
The optical maser wavelength needed in current many practical applications can not directly be generated by the laser medium of stimulated radiation, must
It must be obtained by laser frequency conversion technology.Laser output wavelength based on nonlinear frequency transformation technology has covered deep ultraviolet
To mid and far infrared wave band, and since Cucumber is to properties such as the absorption of specific wavelength, transmission and responses, people are to special
The demand of wavelength laser is growing day by day.Such as: triple-frequency harmonics generation (Third is carried out to the picosecond laser that wavelength is 1064nm
Harmonic Generation, THG) ultraviolet laser that available wavelength is 355nm, the ultraviolet light of generation is applicable to
The processing of bright material；For the ultraviolet laser that wavelength is 355nm further across frequency multiplication, available wavelength is the dark purple of 177.3nm
Outer laser can be applied to high energy resolution angle resolved photoelectron spectroscope instrument.On astronomy, using wavelength be 1064nm and
The sodium yellow light that the laser of 1319nm carries out and the available wavelength of frequency is 589nm, the 589nm sodium yellow light laser can be used for large-scale ground
In the adaptive optics system of base telescope.Can also be converted in the prior art by optical parameter wave band be 3~5 μm, 8~
12 μm of mid-infrared laser light source is the window of atmosphere, can be used for molecular dynamics and environmental protection is studied.
Currently, one piece of nonlinear frequency conversion crystal of fundamental frequency light once-through come obtain specific wavelength laser technology
It is only focused through being widely used, but in this case, when fundamental frequency light passes through nonlinear frequency conversion crystal primary.It is non-when crystal
When linear coefficient is smaller, the light beam of convergence is larger in the hot spot of crystal cohesion focal point, keeps the peak power of fundamental frequency light smaller；Meeting
Poly- light beam is when the hot spot of crystal cohesion focal point is smaller, although the peak power of fundamental frequency light can be made larger, laser beam
Rayleigh range it is short.It is lower that above-mentioned two situations will lead to light-light transfer efficiency, the laser power being converted to also compared with
It is low, it is not able to satisfy application demand.
There are two types of the nonlinear frequency conversion technologies for further increasing transfer efficiency in the prior art, is respectively as follows: fundamental frequency light
The frequency convener technology of multipass same nonlinear crystal and the frequency of fundamental frequency light once-through muti-piece nonlinear crystal
Switch technology.The basic thought of the two is that fundamental frequency light is made repeatedly to pass through nonlinear crystal, to repeatedly carry out frequency conversion, is mentioned
Switched at high frequency efficiency.But the two is respectively present following problems:
1) frequency convener technology of fundamental frequency light multipass same nonlinear crystal is used, fundamental frequency light multipass is non-thread
Property crystal carry out frequency conversion, but be only focused when passing through nonlinear crystal for the first time, pass through nonlinear crystal later
Shi Jun is without focusing.If focal beam spot is big, the peak power of fundamental frequency light is low, and the peak value of frequency conversion efficiency and fundamental frequency light
Power it is square directly proportional so that frequency conversion efficiency substantially reduces；If focal beam spot is small, although the peak power of fundamental frequency light
Height, but the Rayleigh range of laser beam is short can not be effective even if increasing the length of crystal to increase the length of frequency conversion
Frequency conversion is carried out, to reduce frequency conversion efficiency；
2) frequency convener technology for using once-through muti-piece nonlinear crystal, can focus one when passing through crystal every time
It is secondary.Although can be carried out multi-focusing, the peak power of fundamental frequency light is improved, fundamental frequency light is frequency converted in first piece of crystal
Free-space propagation of the signal light generated afterwards between crystal will lead to the signal light and second piece of crystalline substance generated in first piece of crystal
There are phase differences for the signal light generated in vivo, coherent subtraction phenomenon are generated, so that frequency conversion efficiency greatly reduces；Meanwhile
Two beam signal lights of accurate control in real time have the difficulty of same phase big.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems referred above or it at least is partially solved the above problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of non-linear
Frequency conversion crystal.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of nonlinear frequency conversion crystal, the crystal includes the plane of incidence, first tiltedly flat
Face, the second tapered plane and spherical surface；The phase matched direction of the crystal and the centerline axis parallel of the crystal, the plane of incidence
Perpendicular to the central axis, first tapered plane and second tapered plane are set in the central axis two sides relatively respectively
It sets, and first tapered plane and second tapered plane are with the central axis at identical angle；The spherical surface difference
It is connect with first tapered plane and second tapered plane, the centre of sphere of the spherical surface is located on the central axis；
The basic frequency beam of convergence enters the crystal perpendicular to the plane of incidence, so that the basic frequency beam carries out for the first time
Frequency conversion, the mixed light beam obtained after frequency conversion is through in the first tapered plane total internal reflection to the spherical surface；
The light beam total internal reflection that the spherical surface is used to reflect first tapered plane is described to second tapered plane
Second tapered plane is used to carry out total internal reflection to the light beam reflexed on second tapered plane, so that through second tapered plane
The light beam of total internal reflection carries out second of frequency conversion and projects from the plane of incidence；The spherical surface is also used to described first tiltedly
The light beam of plane reflection is focused.
Preferably, the radius of curvature of the spherical surface is less than the length of the crystal.
Preferably, incidence angle of the mixed light beam on first tapered plane, through first tapered plane it is complete in it is anti-
The light beam penetrated is in the incidence angle on the spherical surface and the light beam through the spherical surface total internal reflection on second tapered plane
Incidence angle is all larger than the alinternal reflection angle of the crystal.
Preferably, the mixed light beam includes: the light beam without first time frequency conversion in the basic frequency beam, Yi Jisuo
State the light beam in basic frequency beam after first time frequency conversion.
Preferably, the basic frequency beam is a branch of or multi beam.
Preferably, the crystal is cylindrical body or regular prism.
Preferably, the type of the first time frequency conversion is identical as the type of second of frequency conversion；
The type includes frequency multiplication, difference frequency and frequency and optical parameter conversion.
Preferably, the type of the crystal includes lithium triborate crystal LBO, potassium titanyl oxygenic phosphate(KTP) crystal KTP, barium metaborate crystalline substance
Body BBO or potassium dihydrogen phosphate KDP.
Preferably, anti-reflection film is coated on the plane of incidence, the anti-reflection film is used to increase the transmitance of the basic frequency beam,
And the transmitance for increasing the light beam after frequency conversion.
Preferably, the plane of incidence, first tapered plane, second tapered plane and the spherical surface carry out at polishing
Reason.
A kind of nonlinear frequency conversion crystal provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the crystal includes the plane of incidence, first tiltedly flat
Face, the second tapered plane and spherical surface；The phase matched direction of the crystal and the centerline axis parallel of the crystal, the plane of incidence
Perpendicular to the central axis, first tapered plane and second tapered plane are set in the central axis two sides relatively respectively
It sets, and first tapered plane and second tapered plane are with the central axis at identical angle；The spherical surface difference
It is connect with first tapered plane and second tapered plane, the centre of sphere of the spherical surface is located on the central axis；It assembles
Basic frequency beam enters the crystal perpendicular to the plane of incidence, so that the basic frequency beam carries out first time frequency conversion, frequency
The mixed light beam obtained after conversion is through in the first tapered plane total internal reflection to the spherical surface；The spherical surface is used for described the
In the light beam total internal reflection to second tapered plane of one tapered plane reflection, second tapered plane is used for reflexing to described the
Light beam on two tapered planes carries out total internal reflection, so that the light beam through the second tapered plane total internal reflection carries out the second secondary frequencies
It converts and is projected from the plane of incidence；The spherical surface is also used to be focused the light beam that first tapered plane reflects.This hair
The nonlinear frequency conversion crystal provided in bright embodiment, by the way that crystal pro cessing is cut into the first tapered plane, the second tapered plane
And spherical surface, make the convergence basic frequency beam of vertical incidence in nonlinear frequency conversion crystal by multiple total internal reflection, and in crystal
Phase matched direction carry out nonlinear frequency conversion twice, improve frequency conversion efficiency；In addition to this, through with specific song
The spherical surface focusing of rate improves the peak power of fundamental frequency light when second of nonlinear frequency conversion, further improves second
The frequency conversion efficiency of frequency conversion, so that the nonlinear frequency conversion efficiency of entire crystal is greatly increased, so that finally
Increase from the ratio of the light beam after frequency conversion in the light beam that the plane of incidence of crystal projects.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for nonlinear frequency conversion crystal that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 be another embodiment of the present invention provides the structural schematic diagram of frequency multiplication lbo crystal that can focus back and forth of one kind；
Fig. 3 be another embodiment of the present invention provides one kind can focus back and forth and frequency KDP crystal structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 be another embodiment of the present invention provides one kind can focus back and forth and frequency lbo crystal structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 be another embodiment of the present invention provides the optical parameter that can focus back and forth of one kind convert the structure of lbo crystal and show
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the crystal 20 wraps for a kind of nonlinear frequency conversion crystal 1 that one embodiment of the invention provides
Include the plane of incidence 101, the first tapered plane 102, the second tapered plane 104 and spherical surface 103；The phase matched direction of the crystal 20 and institute
The centerline axis parallel of crystal 20 is stated, the plane of incidence 101 is perpendicular to the central axis, first tapered plane 102 and institute
It states the second tapered plane 104 to be oppositely arranged in the central axis two sides respectively, and first tapered plane 102 and described second is tiltedly
Plane 104 is with the central axis at identical angle；The spherical surface 103 respectively with first tapered plane 102 and described
The connection of second tapered plane 104, the centre of sphere of the spherical surface 103 are located on the central axis；
The basic frequency beam of convergence enters the crystal 20 perpendicular to the plane of incidence 101, so that the basic frequency beam carries out
First time frequency conversion, the mixed light beam obtained after frequency conversion is through 102 total internal reflection of the first tapered plane to the spherical surface
On 103；
The spherical surface 103 is used for the light beam total internal reflection of reflecting first tapered plane 102 to second tapered plane
On 104, second tapered plane 104 is used to carry out total internal reflection to the light beam reflexed on second tapered plane 104, so that
Light beam through 104 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane carries out second of frequency conversion and projects from the plane of incidence 101；It is described
Spherical surface 103 is also used to be focused the light beam that first tapered plane 102 reflects.
Specifically, Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the nonlinear frequency conversion crystal provided in the embodiment of the present invention, is incident to crystal
Interior basic frequency beam needs to be the light beam assembled, and so just can guarantee basic frequency beam after entering crystal 20 and reaches first
It realizes in crystal before tapered plane 102 and assembles for the first time, to increase the peak power of basic frequency beam, improve the first secondary frequencies and turn
Change efficiency.Here convergence and focusing is that the spot diameter of light beam is instigated to become smaller.Light beam after convergence can dissipate again to be incorporated to
It is incident upon on spherical surface 103.Simultaneously as the centerline axis parallel in the phase matched direction of crystal 20 and the crystal 20, the plane of incidence
101 perpendicular to the central axis, and basic frequency beam is perpendicular to the plane of incidence 101 and enters in crystal 20, so incident fundamental frequency
The transmission direction of light beam is consistent with the phase matched direction of crystal 20, and basic frequency beam is entering in crystal 20 and reaching first
First time frequency conversion can be realized before tapered plane 102 in crystal 20.Due to first time frequency conversion transfer efficiency not
100% can be reached, so first after the light beam being incident on the first tapered plane 102 is not fully first time frequency conversion
Commutating optical beam, but the mixed light beam of non-switched basic frequency beam and the first commutating optical beam.
Mixed light beam is incident on the first tapered plane 102, through in 102 total internal reflection to spherical surface 103 of the first tapered plane, a side
Face, spherical surface 103 are focused the mixed light beam being incident on spherical surface 103, keep mixed light beam complete interior anti-through the second tapered plane 102
It is dissipated again after penetrating in post-concentration to crystal 20, to increase the peak power of basic frequency beam again, improves second of frequency conversion effect
Rate.On the other hand, spherical surface 103 carries out total internal reflection to the mixed light beam being incident on spherical surface 103, makes mixed light beam through complete interior anti-
The second tapered plane 102 is incident to after penetrating, through 102 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane.It is mixed after 102 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane
Light combination beam again passes by crystal 20, since the first tapered plane 101 and the second tapered plane 102 are with the central axis at identical
Angle, so entire crystal 20 is symmetrical above and below about central axis, so mixed after 102 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane
Light combination beam is parallel with the transmission direction for the basic frequency beam being incident in crystal 20, i.e., after 102 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane
The transmission direction of mixed light beam is consistent with the phase matched direction of crystal 20, and the basic frequency beam in mixed light beam can be made to realize second
Secondary frequencies conversion, obtains the second commutating optical beam.
The light beam transmitted in crystal after second of frequency conversion is still mixed light beam, including basic frequency beam, first turn
Change the mixed light beam of light beam and the second commutating optical beam.What needs to be explained here is that due to the phase of crystal in the embodiment of the present invention
The presence of matching direction can only allow the light beam of specific wavelength to carry out frequency conversion, and basic frequency beam is after first time frequency conversion
The frequency of the first obtained commutating optical beam changes compared with the frequency of basic frequency beam, so through the second tapered plane total internal reflection
Only have basic frequency beam that second of frequency conversion can occur in mixed light beam afterwards.Again since a type can only be generated in same crystal
The frequency conversion of type, that is to say, that the type of first time frequency conversion is identical as the type of second of frequency conversion, the first conversion
Light beam is identical as the frequency of the second commutating optical beam, property is identical, and the time only converted is different.So can be by the first conversion
Light beam and the second commutating optical beam are referred to as the light beam after frequency conversion.First time frequency conversion described in the embodiment of the present invention and
Second of frequency conversion is nonlinear frequency conversion, and frequency conversion efficiency is light-light frequency transfer efficiency.
If light-light conversion efficiency when first time nonlinear frequency conversion is x, when second of nonlinear frequency conversion
Light-light conversion efficiency is (1-x) x, and the total light-light conversion efficiency of basic frequency beam round trip in crystal is x+ (1-x) x=
2x-x2.Light-light when under the same conditions, relative to only once-through monolithic equal length nonlinear frequency conversion crystal turns
It changes efficiency and improves (2x-x2)/x=2-x times realizes high efficiency nonlinear frequency conversion.
The nonlinear frequency conversion crystal provided in the embodiment of the present invention, by the way that plane of crystal processing is cut into first tiltedly
Plane, the second tapered plane and spherical surface make the convergence basic frequency beam of vertical incidence in nonlinear frequency conversion crystal by repeatedly complete
Internal reflection, and nonlinear frequency conversion twice is carried out in the phase matched direction of crystal, improve frequency conversion efficiency；Except this with
Outside, through the spherical surface focusing with specific curvature, improve the peak power of fundamental frequency light when second of nonlinear frequency conversion, into one
Step improves the frequency conversion efficiency of second of frequency conversion, to greatly increase the nonlinear frequency conversion of entire crystal
Efficiency, so that finally increasing from the ratio of the light beam after frequency conversion in the light beam that the plane of incidence of crystal projects.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the radius of curvature of the spherical surface 103 in the embodiment of the present invention is less than the length of crystal 20
Degree.
Specifically, because on the one hand the effect of spherical surface 103 is the light beam total internal reflection of reflecting the first tapered plane 102 to the
On two tapered planes 104, on the other hand it is also used to be focused the light beam that the first tapered plane 102 reflects.To guarantee through second tiltedly
The transmission direction of the light beam of 104 total internal reflection of plane is along the phase matched direction of crystal, to realize second of frequency conversion, and
It is focused on brilliant intracorporal phase matched direction, needs to guarantee that the radius of curvature of spherical surface 103 is less than the length of crystal 20, with
It prevents from focusing to outside crystal through the light beam of 104 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane, cannot achieve the peak value for increasing basic frequency beam again
The purpose of power.
On the basis of the above embodiments, incidence angle of the mixed light beam on first tapered plane, through described
Incidence angle of the light beam of one tapered plane total internal reflection on the spherical surface and the light beam through the spherical surface total internal reflection are described
Incidence angle on second tapered plane is all larger than the alinternal reflection angle of the crystal.
Specifically, mixed light beam described in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the mixed light obtained after first time frequency conversion
Beam, the mixed light beam include: in light beam and the basic frequency beam without first time frequency conversion in the basic frequency beam
Light beam after first time frequency conversion.Incidence angle of the mixed light beam on the first tapered plane is greater than the alinternal reflection angle of crystal,
It can guarantee that total internal reflection may be implemented on the first tapered plane in mixed light beam.Meanwhile the light through the first tapered plane total internal reflection
Incidence angle of the beam on spherical surface is greater than the alinternal reflection angle of crystal and the light beam through spherical surface total internal reflection on the second tapered plane
Incidence angle be greater than the alinternal reflection angle of crystal and be for guaranteeing light beam when transmitting in crystal, the crystal on side face of process is
Realize total internal reflection.It avoids because cannot fully reflective the case where causing transfer efficiency to reduce.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the basic frequency beam is a branch of or multi beam.
Specifically, due in the embodiment of the present invention basic frequency beam in the phase matched side of brilliant intracorporal transmission direction and crystal
To consistent, and the crystal on side face that light beam passes through in crystal is total internal reflection, thus basic frequency beam be a branch of or multi beam not
Influence brilliant intracorporal focusing and progress frequency conversion.The light beam number of basic frequency beam is determined by the thickness of crystal, i.e., oblique by first
The length of plane 102, spherical surface 103 span in the vertical direction and the length of the second tapered plane 104 determine.The thickness of crystal
Bigger, the length of the length of the first tapered plane 102, spherical surface 103 span in the vertical direction and the second tapered plane 104 is bigger
The light beam number that frequency conversion can be then carried out in crystal is more.The light beam number of basic frequency beam can be set as needed, the present invention
The light beam number of basic frequency beam is not especially limited in embodiment.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the crystal is cylindrical body or regular prism.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, when crystal is cylindrical body, processing cutting is carried out in one end of cylindrical body, with
The first tapered plane, the second tapered plane and spherical surface are obtained, needs to guarantee the first tapered plane and the second tapered plane about in cylindrical body
Heart axisymmetrical, and the centre of sphere of spherical surface is on the central axis of cylindrical body.When crystal be regular prism when, one end of regular prism into
Row cutting, to obtain the first tapered plane, the second tapered plane and spherical surface, needs to guarantee the first tapered plane and the second tapered plane about just
The central axis of prism is symmetrical, and the centre of sphere of spherical surface is on the central axis of regular prism.The first tapered plane and second is cut tiltedly to put down
It when face, can be cut, can also be cut on the rib of regular prism on the side of regular prism.Preferably,
The regular prism that even number of the rib number more than or equal to 4 may be selected, so can directly carry out processing cutting on the side of regular prism.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the class of the type of the first time frequency conversion and second of frequency conversion
Type is identical；The type includes other available frequency conversion classes of crystal such as frequency multiplication, difference frequency and frequency and optical parameter conversion
Type.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the type of the crystal includes lithium triborate crystal LBO, potassium titanyl oxygenic phosphate(KTP) crystal
The nonlinear frequency conversion crystal of the types such as KTP, BBO Crystal BBO or potassium dihydrogen phosphate KDP.
On the basis of the above embodiments, anti-reflection film is coated on the plane of incidence, the anti-reflection film is for increasing the base
The transmitance of frequency light beam, and the transmitance for increasing the light beam after frequency conversion.
Specifically, to guarantee that basic frequency beam can be incident in crystal as far as possible, increasing is coated on the plane of incidence of crystal
Permeable membrane, to increase the transmitance of basic frequency beam.Meanwhile to guarantee that the light beam after crystal frequency is converted can project as far as possible
To outside crystal, the anti-reflection film on the plane of incidence of crystal is also used to increase the transmitance of the light beam after frequency conversion, that is, increases through institute
The transmitance of the first commutating optical beam after stating first time frequency conversion and the second conversion light after second of frequency conversion
The transmitance of beam.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the plane of incidence, first tapered plane, second tapered plane and the ball
Face is processed by shot blasting.
Specifically, polishing refers to the effect using mechanical, chemistry or electrochemistry, reduces the roughness of plane, to obtain
Bright, smooth plane of crystal.
It is further described below by scheme of the example to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, another for the present invention
The structural schematic diagram for the frequency multiplication lbo crystal that one kind that embodiment provides can focus back and forth；Wherein lbo crystal 21 is phase matching angle
For θ=90 °,Frequency multiplication lbo crystal.The angle θ is the transmission direction k (i.e. wave vector direction) and lbo crystal 21 of basic frequency beam
Angle between crystalline axis direction,Angle is the transmission direction k of basic frequency beam between the projection and x-axis perpendicular to crystalline axis direction
Angle.A length of 60mm, width 10mm, a height of 4mm of lbo crystal in the embodiment of the present invention.Wavelength is the fundamental frequency light of 1064nm
Beam becomes to assemble basic frequency beam through the lens 1 that external focal length is f=150mm, assembles basic frequency beam along the phase of lbo crystal 21
Matching direction makes the light beam entered in lbo crystal 21 focus on lbo crystal from 201 vertical incidence of the plane of incidence of lbo crystal 21
Predeterminated position (focus focused) in 21, the light path of predeterminated position to spherical surface 203 are L1=30mm；The fundamental frequency light of 1064nm
Beam obtains the frequency doubled light that wavelength is 532nm through first time nonlinear frequency conversion before reaching the first tapered plane 202；Frequency conversion
The mixed light beam of the 1064nm fundamental frequency light and 532nm frequency doubled light that obtain afterwards is accordingly totally internally reflected spherical surface on the first tapered plane 202
On 203, and angle of reflection of the mixed light beam of 1064nm fundamental frequency light and 532nm frequency doubled light on the first tapered plane 202 is 70 °；
The mixed light beam of 1064nm fundamental frequency light and 532nm frequency doubled light is assembled by spherical surface 203, and is totally internally reflected back toward on the second tapered plane 204,
Wherein the angle of reflection of the mixed light beam of 1064nm fundamental frequency light and 532nm frequency doubled light and spherical surface 203 is 40 °, the curvature half of spherical surface 203
Diameter R=L1=30mm；1064nm fundamental frequency through 204 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane is parallel with the mixed light beam of 532nm frequency doubled light
In incident 1064nm fundamental frequency light, and focused again in crystals, the light path L of focus to spherical surface 2032=L1=R=
30mm, second of focusing improve the peak power density of basic frequency beam again；Therefore, 1064nm fundamental frequency light is in phase matched
Direction effectively carries out second of nonlinear frequency conversion, and frequency multiplication obtains 532nm frequency doubled light；Finally through second of non-linear frequency
The 1064nm fundamental frequency light and 532nm frequency doubled light of conversion are from 201 vertical exit of the plane of incidence of lbo crystal 21, and the light beam of outgoing is through dividing
Beam device 3 separates, and light collector 4 is used to measure the 532nm that frequency-doubled conversion obtains and swashs for collecting 1064nm fundamental frequency light, power meter 5
The power of light.If when first time nonlinear frequency conversion, the light-light conversion efficiency of lbo crystal is x, then second of non-linear frequency
The light-light conversion efficiency of lbo crystal is (1-x) x when rate is converted, and the total light-light conversion efficiency of round trip is x+ (1-x) x=
2x-x2.Frequency-doubled effect when under the same conditions, compared to only once-through monolithic equal length lbo crystal, light-light conversion
Efficiency improves (2x-x2)/x=2-x times.In conclusion the frequency multiplication LBO that one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention can focus back and forth
Crystal realizes efficient frequency-doubled conversion.
As shown in figure 3, for another embodiment of the present invention provides one kind can focus back and forth and the structure of frequency KDP crystal show
It is intended to；It is θ=58.5 ° and frequency KDP crystal that wherein KDP crystal 22, which is phase matching angle, and the angle θ is the transmission direction of basic frequency beam
Angle between k (i.e. wave vector direction) and the crystalline axis direction of KDP crystal 22.KDP crystal 22 in the embodiment of the present invention is a length of
60mm, width 12mm, a height of 5mm.The lens that wavelength is 1064nm and the fundamental frequency light of 532nm is f=150mm through external focal length
1 becomes to assemble basic frequency beam, assembles basic frequency beam along the phase matched direction of KDP crystal 22 from the plane of incidence 301 of KDP crystal 22
Vertical incidence, the predeterminated position for focusing on the light beam entered in KDP crystal 22 in KDP crystal 22 (focus focused),
The light path of predeterminated position to spherical surface 303 is L1=30mm；The basic frequency beam of 1064nm and 532nm reaches the first tapered plane 302
It is preceding through first time nonlinear frequency conversion obtain wavelength be 355nm and frequency light；1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency after frequency conversion
Light and 355nm and frequency light are accordingly totally internally reflected spherical surface 303, and 1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency light and 355nm in the first tapered plane 302
It is 68 ° with angle of reflection of the frequency light on the first tapered plane 302；1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency light and 355nm and frequency light are by spherical surface 303
It assembles, and is totally internally reflected back toward on the second tapered plane 304, wherein 1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency light and 355nm and frequency light are in spherical surface 303
On angle of reflection be 44 °, the radius of curvature of spherical surface 303 is R=L1=30mm；Through the second tapered plane 304 total reflection 1064nm,
532nm fundamental frequency light and 355nm and frequency light are parallel to incident 1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency light, and gather again in crystals
Coke, the light path L of focus to spherical surface 3032=L1=R=30mm, second of focusing improve the peak power of basic frequency beam again
Density；Therefore, 1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency light effectively carry out second of nonlinear frequency conversion, and frequency in phase matched direction
Obtain 355nm and frequency light；Finally 1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency light through second nonlinear frequency conversion and 355nm and frequency light from
The light beam of 301 vertical exit of the plane of incidence of KDP crystal 22, outgoing is separated through the beam splitter 3, and light collector 4 is for collecting
1064nm, 532nm fundamental frequency light, the power for the 355nm laser that power meter 5 is used to measure and frequency is converted to.If non-thread for the first time
When resistant frequency is converted, the light-light conversion efficiency of KDP crystal is x, then when second of nonlinear frequency conversion KDP crystal light-light
Transfer efficiency is (1-x) x, and the total light-light conversion efficiency of round trip is x+ (1-x) x=2x-x2.Under the same conditions, it compares
Frequency-doubled effect when only once-through monolithic equal length KDP crystal, light-light conversion efficiency improve (2x-x2)/x=
2-x times.In conclusion one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention can focus back and forth and frequency KDP crystal realizes high efficiency and frequency
Conversion.
Be illustrated in figure 4 another embodiment of the present invention provides one kind can focus back and forth and the structure of frequency lbo crystal show
It is intended to；Wherein lbo crystal 23 be phase matching angle be θ=90 °,And frequency lbo crystal.The angle θ is the transmission of basic frequency beam
Angle between direction k (i.e. wave vector direction) and the crystalline axis direction of lbo crystal 23,Angle is that the transmission direction k of basic frequency beam exists
Perpendicular to the angle between the projection and x-axis of crystalline axis direction.A length of 60mm, the width of lbo crystal in the embodiment of the present invention be
12mm, a height of 5mm.The lens 1 that wavelength is 1064nm and the basic frequency beam of 1319nm is f=150mm through external focal length become
Basic frequency beam is assembled, the plane of incidence 401 for assembling basic frequency beam along the phase matched direction of lbo crystal 23 from lbo crystal 23 is vertical
Incidence, the predeterminated position for focusing on the light beam entered in lbo crystal 23 in lbo crystal 23 (focus focused) are preset
The light path of position to spherical surface 403 is L1=30mm；The basic frequency beam of 1064nm and 1319nm passes through before reaching the first tapered plane 402
First time nonlinear frequency conversion obtain wavelength be 589nm and frequency light；1064nm, 1319nm fundamental frequency obtained after frequency conversion
The mixed light beam of light and 589nm and frequency light is accordingly totally internally reflected spherical surface 403, and 1064nm, 1319nm on the first tapered plane 402
The angle of reflection of fundamental frequency light and 589nm and frequency light on the first tapered plane 402 is 69 °；1064nm, 1319nm fundamental frequency light and 589nm
It is assembled, and is totally internally reflected back toward on the second tapered plane 404 by spherical surface 403 with the mixed light beam of frequency light, wherein 1064nm, 1319nm base
The angle of reflection of frequency light and 589nm and frequency light on spherical surface 403 is 42 °, radius of curvature R=L of spherical surface 4031=30mm；Through second
1064nm, 1319nm fundamental frequency light and 589nm and frequency light of 404 total internal reflection of tapered plane are parallel to incident 1064nm, 1319nm
Fundamental frequency light, and focused again in crystals, the light path L of focus to spherical surface 4032=L1=R=30mm, second of focusing mention
The high peak power density of fundamental frequency light；Therefore, 1064nm, 1319nm fundamental frequency light effectively carry out second in phase matched direction
Secondary nonlinear frequency conversion, and frequency obtain 589nm laser；1064nm, 1319nm finally through second of nonlinear frequency conversion
Fundamental frequency light and 589nm and frequency light divide from 201 vertical exit of the plane of lbo crystal 23, the light beam of outgoing through the beam splitter 3
From the light collector 4 is used to collect 1064nm, 1319nm fundamental frequency light, what the power meter 5 was used to measure and be converted to frequently
The power of 589nm laser.Theoretically, if when first time nonlinear frequency conversion, the light-light conversion efficiency of LBO is x, then second
The light-light conversion efficiency of LBO is (1-x) x when secondary, and total light-light conversion efficiency is x+ (1-x) x=2x-x2.In the same terms
Under, when relative to only once-through monolithic equal length LBO and frequency effect, light-light conversion efficiency improves (2x-x2)/x
=2-x times.In conclusion realizing high efficiency and frequency conversion.
Be illustrated in figure 5 another embodiment of the present invention provides the optical parameter conversion lbo crystal that can focus back and forth of one kind
Structural schematic diagram；Wherein lbo crystal 24 be phase matching angle be θ=90 °,Lbo crystal.The angle θ is the biography of basic frequency beam
Angle between defeated direction k (i.e. wave vector direction) and the crystalline axis direction of lbo crystal 23,Angle is the transmission direction k of basic frequency beam
Angle between the projection and x-axis perpendicular to crystalline axis direction.A length of 60mm, the width of lbo crystal in the embodiment of the present invention be
12mm, a height of 5mm.The lens 1 that the basic frequency beam that wavelength is 532nm is f=150mm through external focal length become to assemble fundamental frequency light
Beam assembles basic frequency beam along the phase matched direction of lbo crystal 24 from 501 vertical incidence of the plane of incidence of lbo crystal 24, makes to enter
The predeterminated position (focus focused) that light beam in lbo crystal 24 focuses in lbo crystal 24, predeterminated position to spherical surface
503 light path is L1=30mm；The basic frequency beam of 532nm turns before reaching the first tapered plane 502 through first time non-linear frequency
Get the signal light and 1770nm ideler frequency light that wavelength is 760nm in return；532nm pump light, the 760nm signal obtained after frequency conversion
Light and the mixed light beam of 1770nm ideler frequency light are accordingly totally internally reflected on spherical surface 503 on the first tapered plane 502, and 532nm is pumped
Angle of reflection of the mixed light beam of light, 760nm signal light and 1770nm ideler frequency light on the first tapered plane 502 is 69 °；532nm pump
The mixed light beam of Pu light, 760nm signal light and 1770nm ideler frequency light is assembled by spherical surface 503, and is totally internally reflected back toward the second tapered plane
On 504, wherein the mixed light beam of 532nm pump light, 760nm signal light and 1770nm ideler frequency light and the angle of reflection of spherical surface 503 are
42 °, radius of curvature R=L of spherical surface 5031=30mm；532nm pump light, 760nm letter through 504 total internal reflection of the second tapered plane
Number light and the mixed light beam of 1770nm ideler frequency light are parallel to incident 532nm fundamental frequency light, and focus again in crystals, burnt
Point arrives the light path L of spherical surface 5032=L1=R=30mm, second of focusing improve the peak power density of basic frequency beam again；
Therefore, 532nm pump light effectively carries out second of nonlinear frequency conversion in phase matched direction, obtains 760nm signal light
With 1770nm ideler frequency ray laser；532nm pump light, 760nm signal light finally through second of nonlinear frequency conversion and
1770nm ideler frequency light is separated from 501 vertical exit of the plane of incidence of lbo crystal 24, the light beam of outgoing through beam splitter 3, light collector 4
For collecting 532nm pump light and 1770nm ideler frequency light, power meter 5 is for measuring the 760nm signal light that optical parameter is converted to.
If when first time nonlinear frequency conversion, the light-light conversion efficiency of lbo crystal is x, then when second of nonlinear frequency conversion
The light-light conversion efficiency of lbo crystal is (1-x) x, and the total light-light conversion efficiency of round trip is x+ (1-x) x=2x-x2.?
Under the same terms, optical parametric effect when compared to only once-through monolithic equal length lbo crystal, light-light conversion efficiency is mentioned
High (2x-x2)/x=2-x times.In conclusion the optical parameter conversion LBO that one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention can focus back and forth
Crystal realizes the conversion of high efficiency optical parameter.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, wherein described, unit can as illustrated by the separation member
It is physically separated with being or may not be, component shown as a unit may or may not be physics list
Member, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be selected according to the actual needs
In some or all of the modules achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creativeness
Labour in the case where, it can understand and implement.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of nonlinear frequency conversion crystal, which is characterized in that the crystal include the plane of incidence, the first tapered plane, second tiltedly
Plane and spherical surface；
The phase matched direction of the crystal and the centerline axis parallel of the crystal, the plane of incidence is perpendicular to the central axis
Line, first tapered plane and second tapered plane are oppositely arranged in the central axis two sides respectively, and described first is oblique
Plane and second tapered plane are with the central axis at identical angle；The spherical surface respectively with first tapered plane
It is connected with second tapered plane, the centre of sphere of the spherical surface is located on the central axis；
The basic frequency beam of convergence enters the crystal perpendicular to the plane of incidence, so that the basic frequency beam carries out the first secondary frequencies
It converts, the mixed light beam obtained after frequency conversion is through in the first tapered plane total internal reflection to the spherical surface；
The spherical surface is used for the light beam total internal reflection of reflecting first tapered plane to second tapered plane, and described second
Tapered plane is used to carry out total internal reflection to the light beam reflexed on second tapered plane, so that entirely interior through second tapered plane
The light beam of reflection carries out second of frequency conversion and projects from the plane of incidence；The spherical surface is also used to first tapered plane
The light beam of reflection is focused.
2. crystal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radius of curvature of the spherical surface is less than the length of the crystal
Degree.
3. crystal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that incidence of the mixed light beam on first tapered plane
Incidence angle on the spherical surface of angle, the light beam through the first tapered plane total internal reflection and through the spherical surface total internal reflection
Incidence angle of the light beam on second tapered plane is all larger than the alinternal reflection angle of the crystal.
4. crystal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mixed light beam include: in the basic frequency beam without
Light beam in the light beam of first time frequency conversion and the basic frequency beam after first time frequency conversion.
5. crystal described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the basic frequency beam is a branch of or multi beam.
6. crystal described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crystal is cylindrical body or regular prism.
7. crystal described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the type of the first time frequency conversion with
The type of second of frequency conversion is identical；
The type includes frequency multiplication, difference frequency and frequency and optical parameter conversion.
8. crystal described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the type of the crystal includes three lithium borates
Crystal LBO, potassium titanyl oxygenic phosphate(KTP) crystal KTP, BBO Crystal BBO or potassium dihydrogen phosphate KDP.
9. crystal described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be coated with anti-reflection film, institute on the plane of incidence
Anti-reflection film is stated for increasing the transmitance of the basic frequency beam, and the transmitance for increasing the light beam after frequency conversion.
10. crystal described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plane of incidence, described first are tiltedly put down
Face, second tapered plane and the spherical surface are processed by shot blasting.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112271545A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Composite optical parametric oscillator based on single nonlinear crystal |
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| CN112271545B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Composite optical parametric oscillator based on single nonlinear crystal |
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