CN110242309B - Model test device for simulating shield tunneling machine tunneling - Google Patents
Model test device for simulating shield tunneling machine tunneling Download PDFInfo
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- CN110242309B CN110242309B CN201910475384.5A CN201910475384A CN110242309B CN 110242309 B CN110242309 B CN 110242309B CN 201910475384 A CN201910475384 A CN 201910475384A CN 110242309 B CN110242309 B CN 110242309B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/04—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of buildings
Abstract
The invention provides a model test device for simulating shield tunneling machine tunneling, which comprises a test block, a rack and a pressure detection mechanism, wherein a test block fixing frame and a simulation shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism are arranged on the rack, the test block fixing frame is of a polygonal annular structure with a circular inner part and at least four sides outside, an environmental pressure simulation mechanism is arranged on each side of the test block fixing frame, a plurality of environmental pressure simulation mechanisms can clamp the test block on a central axis in the test block fixing frame, and the plurality of environmental pressure simulation mechanisms can apply different forces to the test block. This model test device that simulation shield constructs machine tunnelling places the test block at the inner wall of test block mount, and is fixed the test block through a plurality of pneumatic cylinders, then adjusts each pneumatic cylinder to the extrusion power of test block as required simulation's ambient pressure, and the tunnel atress that tunnel shield constructs machine excavation and the data of deformation monitoring that carry out under simulation ambient pressure are close reality more.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling simulation, in particular to a model test device for simulating shield tunneling.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of urban subway industry, earth pressure balance shield machines are more and more widely applied in the construction process of tunnel intervals. In order to clearly understand the actual working state of the shield tunneling machine and the influence mechanism of the shield tunneling machine on the surrounding environment in the excavation process, a plurality of scholars at home and abroad design a model shield tunneling machine device and develop model shield test research.
The model test device for simulating shield tunneling in sandy soil, as the Chinese patent application No. 201610064311.3, comprises a shield machine support frame, a shield machine outer steel cylinder, an excavation face cutting unit, a sand discharge unit, a model shield machine jacking unit and a pressure monitoring unit; the outer steel cylinder of the shield machine is fixed on a support frame of the shield machine, a shield head and a model tunnel … …' are arranged in the outer steel cylinder of the shield machine, the application adopts the principle of a dust collector to carry out sand discharge, the operation space in the model shield machine is saved, conditions are created for monitoring by arranging sensors in a model tunnel behind the shield machine, and the sand discharge method is more direct, effective and reliable and is convenient for test operation.
It is known that the surrounding environment of the tunnel (such as the land building, the subsidence of the tunnel, and the lateral stress of the tunnel) can affect or even destroy the structure of the tunnel, and we need to simulate the pressure on the test block in different directions to obtain experimental data.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a model test device for simulating shield tunneling machine tunneling, which can carry out omnibearing environmental pressure simulation on a test block.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a model test device for simulating shield tunneling machine tunneling comprises a test block, a frame and a pressure detection mechanism, the rack is provided with a test block fixing frame and a simulated shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism, the test block fixing frame is of a polygonal annular structure with a circular inner part and at least four sides of the outer part, each side of the test block fixing frame is provided with an environmental pressure simulation mechanism, a plurality of environmental pressure simulation mechanisms can clamp the test block on a central axis in the test block fixing frame, and a plurality of environment pressure simulation mechanisms can apply different forces to the test block, the excavation mechanism of the simulation shield machine corresponds to the central axis position of the test block, the pressure detection mechanism comprises a plurality of pressure sensors and resistance strain type sensors which are buried in the test block, the pressure sensors correspond to the environment pressure simulation mechanism one by one respectively, and the resistance strain type sensors correspond to the position of the simulation shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism.
Preferably, the environmental pressure simulation mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a pressing plate connected with the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, one surface of the pressing plate corresponding to the test block is an arc-shaped surface with the same radius as that of the test block, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the outer edge of the test block fixing frame.
Preferably, simulation shield constructs quick-witted excavation mechanism and includes advancing mechanism, sets up shield structure machine urceolus, shield head, model tunnel, sand discharge mechanism, the oar form blade servo motor on advancing mechanism, the shield constructs quick-witted urceolus cover outside the model tunnel, the shield head is the one side closed cavity tube-shape, the detachable connection in the front end at the shield structure machine urceolus of shield head one side of shield head closure, the oar form blade passes through the blade axle pin joint at shield overhead, and servo motor passes through the transmission shaft and is connected with the detachable transmission of blade axle, sand discharge mechanism and shield head intercommunication, sand discharge mechanism are used for discharging the sand end of shield head.
Preferably, the sand discharge mechanism comprises a dust collector, an air suction pipe and an air inlet pipe, the dust collector is communicated with the shield head through the air suction pipe, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the shield head, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the atmosphere and used for supplying air into the shield head.
Preferably, a sealing mechanism used for sealing the test block fixing frame is arranged on one side, away from the excavation mechanism of the simulation shield tunneling machine, of the test block fixing frame.
Preferably, the sealing mechanism comprises a support plate arranged on the rack, a piston matched with the inner wall of the test block fixing frame, a screw rod in threaded connection with the support plate and a guide rod, one end of the screw rod is pivoted on the piston, one end of the guide rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the guide rod penetrates through the support plate and is movably connected with the support plate, and the piston axially corresponds to the test block fixing frame.
Preferably, the front end of piston is connected with annular solid fixed ring through branch, gu fixed ring corresponds with the position of test block, gu fixed ring's internal diameter is less than the external diameter of test block and is greater than the external diameter of shield head.
Preferably, the test block fixing frame is provided with a tunnel clamping mechanism for clamping a model tunnel, the tunnel clamping mechanism is positioned on one side of the test block fixing frame close to the sealing mechanism, the tunnel clamping mechanism comprises a plurality of clamping plates which are arranged around the center of the test block fixing frame at equal angles and a cylinder connected with the clamping plates, and the cylinder is arranged on the outer edge of the test block fixing frame.
Preferably, a spiral guide groove is formed in the inner wall of the shield head, one end of the guide groove corresponds to the paddle-shaped blade, and the other end of the guide groove corresponds to the air suction pipe.
Preferably, the outer wall of the model tunnel is provided with a clamping groove along the length direction, the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the shield tunneling machine is provided with a clamping strip matched with the clamping groove, and the model tunnel is connected with the clamping strip on the outer cylinder of the shield tunneling machine in a clamping manner through the clamping groove.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a model test device for simulating shield tunneling machine tunneling. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. this model test device that simulation shield constructs machine tunnelling places the test block at the inner wall of test block mount, and is fixed the test block through a plurality of pneumatic cylinders, then adjusts each pneumatic cylinder to the extrusion power of test block as required simulation's ambient pressure, and the tunnel atress that tunnel shield constructs machine excavation and the data of deformation monitoring that carry out under simulation ambient pressure are close reality more.
2. This model test device that simulation shield constructs machine tunnelling is sealed with the test block mount and is kept away from one side of simulation shield structure machine excavation mechanism, can truly simulate the peripheral sealed environment of underground tunnel, and solid fixed ring fixes test block one end in addition, can make the stable, the extrusion force data of test block form in the excavation process also relatively accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an ambient pressure simulation mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the shield head and the outer cylinder of the shield machine of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a diversion trench according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a test block of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the operation of the sealing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the working state of the shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a state diagram of the shield head of the present invention penetrating the test block;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the outer cylinder of the shield tunneling machine is separated from the model tunnel according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of the pressure detection mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a machine frame 1, a test block fixing frame 2, an environmental pressure simulation mechanism 3, a hydraulic cylinder 31, a pressing plate 32, a sealing mechanism 4, a piston 41, a fixing ring 42, a supporting plate 43, a screw 44, a guide rod 45, a traveling mechanism 5, a moving table 51, a screw rod 52, a motor 53, a slide rail 54, a slide block 55, a shield head 6, a shield machine outer cylinder 7, a sand discharge mechanism 8, a dust collector 81, an air suction pipe 82, an air inlet pipe 83, a tunnel clamping mechanism 9, an air cylinder 91, a clamp plate 92, a servo motor 10, a paddle blade 11, a blade shaft 12, a transmission shaft 13, a model tunnel 14, a test block 15, a pressure sensor 16, a resistance strain type sensor 17, a clamping groove 18, a clamping strip 19, a diversion trench 20, a fixing frame inner wall 21.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a model test device for simulating shield tunneling machine tunneling, which comprises a test block 15, a rack 1 and a pressure detection mechanism, as shown in figures 1-10.
As shown in fig. 2, a test block fixing frame 2 and a simulated shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism are arranged on a rack 1, the test block fixing frame 2 is of a hexagonal structure at the outside, and a fixing frame inner wall 21 of the test block fixing frame 2 is circular.
As shown in fig. 1, each side of the test block fixing frame 2 is provided with an environmental pressure simulation mechanism 3, six environmental pressure simulation mechanisms 3 can clamp the test block 15 on the central axis in the test block fixing frame 2, and the six environmental pressure simulation mechanisms 3 can apply different forces to the test block 15.
As shown in fig. 5, the simulated shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism corresponds to the position of the central axis of the test block 15, and the pressure detection mechanism comprises six pressure sensors 16 and resistance strain sensors 17 which are embedded in the test block 15.
The pressure sensors 16 and the resistance strain type sensors 17 are embedded in corresponding positions in the material, as shown in fig. 5, six pressure sensors 16 are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to six edges of the test block fixing frame 2, and the test block 15 is obtained by molding and compacting a mold.
As shown in fig. 10, the pressure detection mechanism further includes a microprocessor 22 and a display device 23, the pressure sensor 16 and the resistance strain gauge sensor 17 are connected to the display device 23 through the microprocessor 22, the microprocessor 3 adopts an i.mx6 processor chip, and the display device 12 is a computer. Both the pressure sensor 16 and the resistance strain gauge sensor 17 are prior art.
The six pressure sensors 16 respectively correspond to the environment pressure simulation mechanism 3 one by one, and the resistance strain type sensor 17 corresponds to the position of the simulation shield tunneling machine excavation mechanism.
The environmental pressure simulation mechanism 3 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 31 and a pressing plate 32 connected with the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, one surface of the pressing plate 32 corresponding to the test block 15 is an arc-shaped surface with the same radius as that of the test block 15, and the hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixed on the outer edge of the test block fixing frame 2.
The hydraulic cylinder 31 located at the top of the test block fixing frame 2 is used for simulating the environmental influence of a land building on the tunnel, the hydraulic cylinder 31 located at the side of the test block fixing frame 2 is used for simulating the side stress of the tunnel, and the hydraulic cylinder 31 located at the bottom of the test block fixing frame 2 is used for simulating the sinking force of the tunnel.
When each pressing plate 32 presses the test block 15, the corresponding pressure sensor 16 on the test block 15 transmits data to the display device 12, and the hydraulic cylinder 31 is convenient for adjusting the pressing force of each environmental pressure simulation mechanism 3 on the test block 15.
The resistance strain type sensor 17 is used for detecting extrusion force on the test block 15 when the shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism is simulated to excavate, the total thrust actually provided for the test block 15 in the jacking process of the shield tunneling machine can be monitored, the total environmental pressure sum (namely the sum of the readings of the pressure sensors 16 is multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the shield head 6) borne by the test block 15 is subtracted from the total thrust, and the friction force between the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine and the test block 15 can be obtained, so that the stress condition of the shield tunneling machine can be clear at a glance.
Place test block 15 at the inner wall of test block mount 2, it is fixed with test block 15 through a plurality of pneumatic cylinders 31, then adjust each pneumatic cylinder 31 to test block 15's extrusion dynamics according to the ambient pressure that needs simulate, the tunnel atress that carries out tunnel shield machine excavation under the simulated environment pressure and the data of deformation monitoring are closer to reality.
As shown in fig. 3, the simulated shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism includes a traveling mechanism 5, a shield outer cylinder 7 provided on the traveling mechanism 5, a shield head 7, a model tunnel 14, a sand discharge mechanism 8, and a paddle blade 11 servo motor 10. The advancing mechanism 5 can drive the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine and the paddle blade 11 to move towards the test block 15.
As shown in fig. 9, the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine is sleeved outside the model tunnel 14, a clamping groove 18 is formed in the outer wall of the model tunnel 14 along the length direction of the outer cylinder, and a clamping strip 19 matched with the clamping groove 18 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine. The model tunnel 14 is clamped with a clamping strip 19 on the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine through a clamping groove 18. The outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine and the outer cylinder of the shield tunneling machine axially move relative to the model tunnel 14 and cannot rotate relative to each other, and the clamping grooves 18 and the clamping strips 19 play a role in limiting rotation.
As shown in fig. 3, the shield head 7 is a hollow cylinder with a closed surface, the closed surface of the shield head 7 is detachably connected to the front end of the shield machine outer cylinder 7, and the shield head 7 and the shield machine outer cylinder 7 can be connected in a manner of inserting through a groove and a clamping rod. The paddle blade 11 is pivoted on the shield head 7 through a blade shaft 12, and the servo motor 10 is detachably connected with the blade shaft 12 through a transmission shaft 13 in a transmission way. The transmission shaft 13 and the blade shaft 12 are detachably connected by a combination of a spline shaft and a spline housing, which is the prior art.
The rotating speed of the servo motor 10 can be adjusted according to different tunneling speeds, the paddle-shaped blade 11 is driven by the transmission shaft 13 to cut the test block 15, and the falling sandy soil enters the shield head 6. The sand discharging mechanism 8 is communicated with the shield head 7, and the sand discharging mechanism 8 is used for discharging sand dust of the shield head 7.
The sand discharging mechanism 8 comprises a dust collector 81, an air suction pipe 82 and an air inlet pipe 83, the dust collector 81 is communicated with the shield head 6 through the air suction pipe 82, one end of the air inlet pipe (83) is communicated with the shield head 6, and the other end of the air inlet pipe (83) is communicated with the atmosphere and used for supplying air into the shield head 6. The vacuum cleaner 81 is a stepless speed change vacuum cleaner, which is a prior art. The air intake pipe 82 and the air intake pipe 83 are PVC pipes. The dust collector 81, the suction pipe 82, the inside of the shield head 6 and the intake pipe 83, which are connected to each other in this order, form an air circulation path for discharging sand. The dust collector 81 can adjust the suction force according to the difference of the extrusion force to suck the sandy soil out of the shield head 6.
As shown in fig. 3, a spiral guide groove 20 is provided on the inner wall of the shield head 6, one end of the guide groove 20 corresponds to the paddle blade 11, and the other end corresponds to the air suction pipe 82. The spiral diversion trench 20 is arranged, the sand cut by the paddle blade 11 can flow to the position of the air suction pipe 82 along with the diversion trench 20, the sand can be prevented from being blocked in the shield head 6, and the sand cut by the later can extrude the sand in front by the power of the sand cut. When the diversion trench 20 is not available, the sand cut at the beginning is accumulated at the shield head 6, and can not be sucked out by the dust collector 81, so that the sand is easy to block along with the tunneling.
As shown in fig. 1, the traveling mechanism 5 includes a screw 52 disposed along the traveling direction, a nut adapted to the screw 52, a slide rail 54, a slider 55 adapted to the slide rail 54, a moving table 51, and a motor 53 connected to the screw 52, wherein the moving table 51 is connected to the nut and the slider 55, and the moving table 51 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine. The moving table 51 can drive the outer cylinder 7 of the shield machine, the shield head 6 and the paddle blade 11 to move towards the test block 15.
And a sealing mechanism 4 for sealing the test block fixing frame 2 is arranged on one side of the test block fixing frame 2, which is far away from the excavation mechanism of the simulation shield tunneling machine.
The sealing mechanism 4 comprises a supporting plate 43 arranged on the frame 1, a piston 41 matched with the inner wall of the test block fixing frame 2, a screw 44 in threaded connection with the supporting plate 43, and a guide rod 45, wherein one end of the screw 44 is pivoted on the piston 41, one end of the guide rod 45 is connected with the piston 41, the other end of the guide rod passes through the supporting plate 43 and is movably connected with the supporting plate 43, and the piston 41 axially corresponds to the test block fixing frame 2.
When the sealing mechanism 4 is used, the screw 44 is rotated to drive the piston 41 to move towards the test block fixing frame 2, the diameter of the piston 41 is matched with the inner wall 21 of the fixing frame, and the piston 41 blocks the inner wall 21 of the fixing frame to realize sealing.
The front end of the piston 41 is connected with an annular fixing ring 42 through a support rod, the length of the support rod is larger than that of the shield head 6, when the shield head 6 penetrates through the test block 15, the distance between the shield head 6 and the piston 41 is ensured, and the paddle-shaped blade 11 is prevented from cutting the piston 41. The fixing ring 42 corresponds to the test block 15, and the inner diameter of the fixing ring 42 is smaller than the outer diameter of the test block 15 and larger than the outer diameter of the shield head 6. The fixing ring 42 is used for supporting the test block 15, and after the shield head 6 penetrates through the test block 15, the shield head 6 cannot contact the fixing ring 42 due to the fact that the inner diameter of the fixing ring 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the shield head 6.
One side of the test block fixing frame 2, which is far away from the excavation mechanism of the simulation shield tunneling machine, is sealed, the sealing environment around the underground tunnel can be truly simulated, and one end of the test block 15 is fixed by the fixing ring 42, so that the test block 15 is stable in form and relatively accurate in extrusion force data in the excavation process.
The test block fixing frame 2 is provided with a tunnel clamping mechanism 9 used for clamping the model tunnel 14, the tunnel clamping mechanism 9 is positioned on one side, close to the sealing mechanism 4, of the test block fixing frame 2, the tunnel clamping mechanism 9 comprises six clamping plates 92 arranged around the center of the test block fixing frame 2 at equal angles and an air cylinder 91 connected with the clamping plates, and the air cylinder 91 is arranged on the outer side of the test block fixing frame 2. After the shield head 6 penetrates the test block 15, the model tunnel 14 penetrates, and the model tunnel 14 is clamped by the tunnel clamping mechanism 9, so that the outer cylinder 7 of the shield machine can be extracted without damage.
The working principle is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: the pressure sensors 16 and the resistance strain type sensors 17 are embedded in corresponding positions in the material, the six pressure sensors 16 are respectively arranged corresponding to six edges of the test block fixing frame 2, and the test block 15 is obtained through mold forming and compaction. Step two: the sensors are reset, the test block 15 is placed at the center of the test block fixing frame 2, the six hydraulic cylinders 31 are driven to clamp the test block 15, and the value of the clamping initial state pressure sensor 16 is 0. Step three: the extrusion forces of the six hydraulic cylinders 31 are respectively adjusted according to the actual environmental pressure to be simulated, the pressure sensor 16 transmits the numerical value to the computer, and the environmental pressure is adjusted. Step four: as shown in fig. 6, using the sealing mechanism 4, the piston 41 closes the inner wall 21 of the holder while the fixing ring 42 supports the test block 15. Step five: as shown in fig. 7, the motor 53 and the servo motor 10 are operated, the paddle blade 11 drives the test block 15, the value of the resistance strain sensor 17 is read, and the total ambient pressure sum received by the test block 15 (i.e., the sum of the readings of the pressure sensors 16 is multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the shield head 6) is subtracted from the total thrust to obtain the friction force between the shield outer cylinder 7 and the test block 15. Step six: as shown in fig. 8, the advancing process is completed when the shield head 6 passes out of the other end of the test block 15. As shown in fig. 9, the sealing mechanism 4 is reset, the shield head 6 is detached, the model tunnel 14 is clamped by the tunnel clamping mechanism 9, the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine is slowly drawn out, the model tunnel 14 is exposed in sandy soil, and the process of drawing out the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine is a process of generating soil loss due to the thickness of the outer cylinder 7 of the shield tunneling machine. Step seven: after the outer ring of the outer cylinder 7 of the shield machine is extracted, the deformation degree of the experimental block 15 around the model tunnel 14 and the numerical value of the pressure sensor 16 are observed, and the larger the numerical value obtained by subtracting the pressure extracted from the outer cylinder 7 of the shield machine from the initial environment pressure is, the larger the deformation degree is.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a model test device that simulation shield constructs machine tunnelling, includes test block (15), frame (1) and pressure measurement mechanism, be provided with test block mount (2), simulation shield structure machine excavation mechanism on frame (1), its characterized in that: the test block fixing frame (2) is of a polygonal annular structure with a circular inner part and at least four edges outside, each edge of the test block fixing frame (2) is provided with an environmental pressure simulation mechanism (3), a plurality of environmental pressure simulation mechanisms (3) can clamp the test block (15) on a central axis in the test block fixing frame (2), the plurality of environmental pressure simulation mechanisms (3) can apply different forces to the test block (15), each environmental pressure simulation mechanism (3) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (31) and a pressing plate (32) connected with the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, one surface of each pressing plate (32) corresponding to the test block (15) is an arc surface with the same radius as that of the test block (15), the hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixed on the outer edge of the test block fixing frame (2), one side of the test block fixing frame (2) far away from the excavation mechanism of the simulation shield machine is provided with a sealing mechanism (4) for sealing the test block fixing frame (2), sealing mechanism (4) including setting up backup pad (43) on frame (1), piston (41) with the inner wall looks adaptation of test block mount (2), threaded connection screw rod (44) and guide bar (45) on backup pad (43), the one end pin joint of screw rod (44) is on piston (41), the one end of guide bar (45) links to each other with piston (41), and the other end passes backup pad (43) and with backup pad (43) swing joint, piston (41) correspond with test block mount (2) axial, the front end of piston (41) is connected with annular solid fixed ring (42) through branch, gu fixed ring (42) correspond with the position of test block (15), gu the internal diameter of fixed ring (42) is less than the external diameter of test block (15) and is greater than the external diameter of shield head (6), the front end of piston (41) is connected with annular solid fixed ring (42) through branch, the length of the supporting rod is greater than that of the shield head (6), when the shield head (6) penetrates through the test block (15), the distance between the shield head (6) and the piston (41) is ensured, the paddle-shaped blade (11) is prevented from cutting the piston (41), the fixing ring (42) corresponds to the position of the test block (15), the inner diameter of the fixing ring (42) is smaller than the outer diameter of the test block (15) and greater than the outer diameter of the shield head (6), the fixing ring (42) is used for propping against the test block (15), after the shield head (6) penetrates through the test block (15), the strain head (6) cannot contact with the fixing ring (42) due to the fact that the inner diameter of the fixing ring (42) is greater than the outer diameter of the shield head (6), the excavation mechanism of the simulation shield machine corresponds to the position of the central axis of the test block (15), the pressure detection mechanism comprises a plurality of pressure sensors (16) and a plurality of resistance type sensors (17) which are arranged in the test, a plurality of pressure sensors (16) are respectively corresponding to an environmental pressure simulation mechanism (3) one by one, a resistance strain sensor (17) is corresponding to the position of a simulation shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism, the simulation shield tunneling machine excavating mechanism comprises a traveling mechanism (5), a shield tunneling machine outer cylinder (7), a shield head (6), a model tunnel (14), a sand discharging mechanism (8) and a paddle-shaped blade (11) servo motor (10) which are arranged on the traveling mechanism (5), the shield tunneling machine outer cylinder (7) is sleeved outside the model tunnel (14), the shield head (6) is a hollow cylinder shape with one closed surface, the closed surface of the shield head (6) is detachably connected at the front end of the shield tunneling machine outer cylinder (7), the paddle-shaped blade (11) is pivoted on the shield head (6) through a blade shaft (12), and the servo motor (10) is detachably connected with the blade shaft (12) through a transmission shaft (13), arrange sand mechanism (8) and shield head (6) intercommunication, arrange sand mechanism (8) and be used for discharging the sand end of shield head (6), arrange sand mechanism (8) including dust catcher (81), breathing pipe (82) and intake pipe (83), dust catcher (81) are through breathing pipe (82) and shield head (6) intercommunication, the one end and the shield head (6) intercommunication of intake pipe (83), the other end and the atmosphere intercommunication of intake pipe (83) are used for carrying out the tonifying qi for in shield head (6), be provided with spiral guiding gutter (20) on the inner wall of shield head (6), the one end and the oar form blade (11) position of guiding gutter (20) are corresponding, and the other end corresponds with the position of breathing pipe (82), and travel mechanism (5) include lead screw (52) that set up along the advancing direction, nut, slide rail (54) that adapt to lead screw (52), The device comprises a sliding block (55) matched with a sliding rail (54), a moving table (51) and a motor (53) connected with a lead screw (52), wherein the moving table (51) is connected with a nut and the sliding block (55), the moving table (51) is fixedly connected with a shield machine outer cylinder (7), a tunnel clamping mechanism (9) used for clamping a model tunnel (14) is arranged on a test block fixing frame (2), the tunnel clamping mechanism (9) is positioned on one side, close to a sealing mechanism (4), of the test block fixing frame (2), the tunnel clamping mechanism (9) comprises a plurality of clamping plates (92) which are arranged around the center of the test block fixing frame (2) at equal angles and an air cylinder (91) connected with the clamping plates, the air cylinder (91) is arranged on the outer edge of the test block fixing frame (2), a clamping groove (18) is formed in the outer wall of the model tunnel (14) along the length direction of the model tunnel, a clamping strip (19) matched with the clamping groove (18) is arranged on the inner wall of, the model tunnel (14) is clamped with a clamping strip (19) on the outer cylinder (7) of the shield tunneling machine through a clamping groove (18).
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| CN111122370A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 中铁工程服务有限公司 | Test device capable of simulating eccentric load working condition of TBM cutter head |
| CN111636876B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-09-07 | 中南大学 | Method for detecting stress of key position of shield body of large-diameter shield machine |
| CN112857848B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2023-03-03 | 中国建设基础设施有限公司 | Shield tunnel model test device and method capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress |
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| CN201297175Y (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Soil pressure balancing-type shield construction process simulating tester |
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| CN105545316B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-10-10 | 天津大学 | Model test apparatus for simulating shield machine driving in sand |
| CN205349344U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 天津大学 | A model test device that is arranged in sand simulation shield structure machine to tunnel |
| CN105974056B (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2019-03-26 | 山东大学 | Tunnel water bursting disaster precursor information monitoring model pilot system and test method |
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