CN110193766B - Swing type sample clamping device of metallographic grinding and polishing machine - Google Patents

Swing type sample clamping device of metallographic grinding and polishing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110193766B
CN110193766B CN201910630671.9A CN201910630671A CN110193766B CN 110193766 B CN110193766 B CN 110193766B CN 201910630671 A CN201910630671 A CN 201910630671A CN 110193766 B CN110193766 B CN 110193766B
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China
Prior art keywords
plate
swing frame
clamp
shaped
shaft
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201910630671.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110193766A (en
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孟庆武
孟凡琦
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Publication of CN110193766A publication Critical patent/CN110193766A/en
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Publication of CN110193766B publication Critical patent/CN110193766B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A swing type sample clamping device of a metallographic grinding and polishing machine. The main aim is to provide a device which has simple structure, does not change the structure of the original grinding and polishing machine, occupies small area of a grinding and polishing disc, is convenient to adjust and can conveniently clamp column-shaped and plate-shaped samples. The method is characterized in that: the clamping device comprises a supporting shaft, a retainer ring, a spring, a bearing, a slideway pin, a swing frame, a plate clamp, a column clamp, a U-shaped frame, a fastening wrench and a plurality of standard bolts and set screws; wherein, the supporting shaft comprises a fixed shaft and a bracket seat; the swing frame is formed by assembling and welding a cylindrical positioning sleeve and a strip-shaped connecting plate and is arranged at the upper part of the supporting shaft; the slide way pin is a combined component and is assembled by a ring screw, a magnet and a sliding pin; the U-shaped frame is formed by assembling and welding three plates, and the upper plate is provided with a threaded hole and is connected to the lower part of the supporting shaft through a screw.

Description

Swing type sample clamping device of metallographic grinding and polishing machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sample clamping device which can be additionally arranged on a common metallographic grinding and polishing machine.
Background
The common metallographic grinding and polishing machine utilizes the motor to drive the grinding and polishing disc to rotate so as to grind a sample, and has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, long service life and the like. However, the sample clamping of the common metallographic grinding and polishing machine needs to be operated by holding the sample manually for a long time, the labor intensity is high, the sample preparation efficiency is low, the sample is easy to fly by the high-speed grinding and polishing disc, and the potential safety hazard exists.
In recent years, sample holding devices for metallographic polishing machines have been developed in succession at home and abroad. However, these sample holding devices have several disadvantages, such as: some devices have complex structures and high manufacturing cost; some devices are difficult to install on the grinding and polishing machine, and the main structure of the grinding and polishing machine needs to be modified; the clamp parts of some devices occupy large area of the polishing disk, and influence the cooling and water spraying functions of the polishing machine; the positions of the fixture parts of some devices on the grinding and polishing disk are fixed and cannot be adjusted; some devices can only hold standard cylindrical samples, and the shape of the sample is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention provides the swing type sample clamping device of the metallographic grinding and polishing machine, the device has a simple structure, the structure of the original grinding and polishing machine is not changed, the occupied area of a grinding and polishing disk is small, the adjustment is convenient, and both columnar and plate-shaped samples can be conveniently clamped.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: this kind of oscillating sample clamping device of metallography machine of throwing that grinds includes: back shaft, retaining ring, spring, bearing, slide pin, swing span, plate holder utensil, post anchor clamps, U type frame and fastening spanner, its characterized in that:
the support shaft comprises a fixed shaft and a bracket seat which are fixedly connected; the fixed shaft is a vertical shaft, is used for mounting the baffle ring, the spring, the bearing and the swing frame and is used as a positioning shaft for the rotation of the swing frame; a long key groove is processed in the middle of the fixed shaft, an annular groove is processed in the upper part of the fixed shaft, and the long key groove is communicated with the annular groove to form a slideway; the bracket seat is formed by welding three plates and is fixedly connected with the lower part of the fixed shaft; the bracket base is drilled and used for installing the lower part of the bracket base on the U-shaped frame or installing the side surface of the bracket base on a shell of the grinding and polishing machine through a bolt;
the retainer ring is a standard locking retainer ring component, is fixed on the support shaft through a set screw and is used for supporting the spring; the spring can be adjusted to push up the elastic force of the swing frame by adjusting different fixing positions of the retainer ring on the supporting shaft;
the spring is a compression spring, is arranged on the supporting shaft and is used for jacking the swing frame to play roles in adjusting the downward pressing load of the swing frame and damping vibration;
the bearing is a thrust bearing, is arranged on the supporting shaft and is used for separating the spring from the swing frame and reducing the friction resistance when the swing frame rotates;
the swing frame is formed by assembling and welding a positioning sleeve and a strip-shaped connecting plate, is arranged at the upper part of the supporting shaft, is used for installing two fixtures and can swing around the supporting shaft; the positioning sleeve is a cylinder with an eccentric hole, a connecting plate is welded on one thin-wall side of the cylinder, a plurality of radial holes with different deflection directions are drilled on one thick-wall side of the cylinder, and the radial holes are used for mounting the slide way pins so as to control the deflection direction of the swing frame during positioning and realize the position adjustment of the clamp on the grinding and polishing disc; a long hole is processed in the middle of the connecting plate, two small holes are processed in the lower portion of the connecting plate and used for penetrating through two bolts, and the two clamps are fixed on two sides of the lower portion of the connecting plate of the swing frame;
the slideway pin is a combined component and is assembled by a ring screw, a magnet and a sliding pin; the ring screw is a standard lifting ring screw component; the magnet is a circular strong magnet and is used for adsorbing the slideway pin on the positioning sleeve of the swing frame to prevent the slideway pin from falling off; the sliding pin is a small cylinder, a threaded hole in the sliding pin is used for connecting the ring screw, and a small cylinder section at the opposite end of the sliding pin to the threaded hole is used for being inserted into the slide way of the supporting shaft, so that the positioning function is realized;
the slideway pin can be arranged in any radial hole of the positioning sleeve of the swing frame, and the cylindrical end of the slideway pin can slide in the key groove or the annular groove of the supporting shaft so as to realize the positioning of the swing frame;
the plate clamp is arranged on the side face of the connecting plate of the swing frame and used for fixing a plate-shaped sample; the plate clamp is in an irregular strip shape, two holes are machined at two ends of the plate clamp and are connected with the column clamp through screws, a strip groove is machined in the middle of the plate clamp, a plurality of threaded holes are machined at the bottom of the side wall groove, and a plate-shaped sample is fixed through fastening screws;
the column clamp is arranged on the other side face of the connecting plate of the swing frame and used for fixing the columnar sample; the column clamp is in an irregular strip shape, threaded holes are machined in two ends of the column clamp, and the column clamp is connected with the plate clamp through screws; two inclined plane grooves with circular arcs are processed in the middle of the column clamp, inclined threaded holes are processed at the symmetrical lines of the inclined plane grooves, a wedge-shaped clamping space is formed by the inclined plane grooves and a connecting plate of the swing frame, and columnar samples of different sizes can be clamped and fixed through a set screw;
the U-shaped frame is formed by assembling and welding an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate; the upper plate is provided with a threaded hole and is connected to the lower part of the supporting shaft through a screw; the lower plate is provided with a threaded hole for accommodating a fastening wrench and fixing the U-shaped frame on the workbench;
the fastening wrench is T-shaped formed by welding two small cylinders, external threads are processed on the middle cylinder, and the fastening wrench is installed in a threaded hole of the U-shaped frame and used for fixing the U-shaped frame on the workbench.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the device has a simple mechanical structure, a simple structure, few machined parts and low manufacturing cost; 2. the clamp part of the device occupies small area of the polishing disc, and the cooling and water spraying functions of the polishing machine are not influenced; 3. the position of a clamp part of the device on the grinding and polishing disk can be adjusted, and the grinding and polishing area is fully utilized; 4. the fixture part of the device can be moved out of the grinding and polishing machine by directly lifting and rotating, and the operation is convenient; 5. the device can conveniently clamp common columnar and plate-shaped samples; 6. the device is convenient to install, can be additionally installed on the grinding and polishing machine, and can also be installed on a workbench.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a sample holding device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a support shaft of the sample holding device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a swing frame of the sample holder apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a slide pin of the sample holding device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a plate holder of the sample holding device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a column clamp of the sample holding device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a U-shaped frame and a clamping wrench of the sample holding device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a cross-section of a clamp and a sample of the sample holding device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the sample holder of the present invention mounted to the side of a polishing and burnishing machine;
FIG. 10 is a front view of the apparatus with the swing frame rotated away from the polishing pad;
FIG. 11 is a top view of the apparatus with the clamp in the middle of the abrasive polishing disk;
FIG. 12 is a top view of the apparatus with the clamp on one side of the abrasive polishing disk;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the device mounted to a table;
figure 14 is a top view of the device mounted to the rear of a dual disc polisher.
In the figure 1-support shaft, 101-fixed shaft, 102-bracket base; 2-a retainer ring; 3-a spring; 4-a bearing; 5-slideway pin, 501-ring screw, 502-magnet, 503-sliding pin; 6-swing frame, 601-locating sleeve, 602-connecting plate; 7-plate clamp; 8-column clamp; 9-plate-shaped sample; 10-column sample; 11-a water spraying mechanism of the grinding and polishing machine; 12-a grinding and polishing disc of a grinding and polishing machine; 13-housing of the polishing machine; 14-U-shaped frame; 15-a fastening wrench; 16-the work bench.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the device comprises the following components: support shafts, retaining rings, springs, bearings, slide pins, swing frames, plate clamps, post clamps, U-shaped frames, fastening wrenches, and some standard pieces of bolts and set screws.
The support shaft comprises a fixed shaft and a bracket seat which are assembled and welded together. The fixed shaft is a vertical shaft and is used for installing a baffle ring, a spring, a bearing and a swing frame and is used as a positioning shaft for the rotation of the swing frame. The long key groove is processed in the middle of the fixed shaft, the annular groove is processed in the upper portion of the fixed shaft, and the key groove is communicated with the annular groove to form a slide way of the slide way pin. The support seat is formed by welding three plates and is welded with the lower part of the fixed shaft. And drilling holes in the support seat, and mounting the lower part of the support seat on the U-shaped frame or mounting the side surface of the support seat on a shell of the grinding and polishing machine through bolts.
The retainer ring is a standard locking retainer ring component, is fixed on the support shaft through a set screw and is used for supporting the spring. The function of adjusting the spring to jack up the swing span is realized by adjusting different fixed positions of the retainer ring on the supporting shaft.
The spring is a compression spring, is arranged on the supporting shaft and is used for jacking the swing frame to play the roles of adjusting the downward pressing load of the swing frame and damping vibration. The total gravity of the swing frame, the clamp and the sample is the pressing load applied to the grinding and polishing disk, and when the pressing load is too large, the elastic force of the spring is adjusted by moving the check ring to offset a part of the pressing load so as to obtain proper contact positive pressure during grinding and polishing of the sample.
The bearing is a thrust bearing, is arranged on the supporting shaft and is used for separating the spring from the swing frame and reducing the friction resistance when the swing frame rotates.
The swing frame is formed by assembling and welding a cylindrical positioning sleeve and a strip-shaped connecting plate, is arranged on the upper part of the supporting shaft, is used for installing two fixtures, and can swing around the supporting shaft so as to load and unload a test sample. The locating sleeve is a cylinder with an eccentric hole, one side of the thin wall is welded with the connecting plate, one side of the thick wall is drilled with a plurality of radial holes, and the radial holes are respectively inclined according to a certain angle. The slide way pins are arranged in different radial holes of the positioning sleeve to control the small-angle deviation direction of the swing frame during positioning, so that the position of the clamp on the grinding and polishing disc is adjusted. The middle of the connecting plate is provided with a long hole to reduce the weight and facilitate lifting the swing frame by hands, and the lower part of the connecting plate is provided with two small holes for penetrating two bolts to fix two clamps at two sides of the lower part of the connecting plate of the swing frame.
The slide way pin is a combined component and is formed by assembling a ring screw, a magnet and a sliding pin. The ring screw is a standard lifting ring screw component and is used for conveniently taking and placing the slideway pin. The magnet is a circular strong magnet and is used for adsorbing the slide pin on the positioning sleeve of the swing frame to prevent the slide pin from falling off. The sliding pin is a small cylinder, the threaded hole is used for connecting a ring screw, and the small cylinder section at the other end is inserted into the slide way of the supporting shaft, so that the positioning function is realized.
The slide way pin is arranged in a radial hole of the positioning sleeve of the swing frame, and the cylindrical end of the slide way pin slides in the key groove or the annular groove of the supporting shaft so as to realize the positioning of the swing frame. When the position of the clamp on the grinding and polishing disc needs to be changed, the slide way pin is only required to be pulled out from the radial hole of the positioning sleeve of the swing frame, and the radial hole corresponding to the deflection direction is changed for insertion.
The plate clamp is arranged on the side face of the connecting plate of the swing frame and used for fixing the plate-shaped sample. The plate fixture is irregular strip-shaped, two holes are machined at two ends of the plate fixture and are connected with the column fixture through screws, a strip groove is machined in the middle of the plate fixture, a plurality of threaded holes are machined at the bottom of the side wall groove, and the plate-shaped sample is fixed through the fastening screws.
The column clamp is arranged on the other side face of the connecting plate of the swing frame and used for fixing the columnar sample. The column clamp is in an irregular strip shape, threaded holes are machined in two ends of the column clamp, and the column clamp is connected with the plate clamp through screws. Two inclined plane grooves with circular arcs are processed in the middle of the column clamp, inclined threaded holes are processed at the symmetrical lines of the inclined plane grooves, the inclined plane grooves and the connecting plate of the swing frame form a wedge-shaped clamping space, and columnar samples of different sizes can be clamped and fixed through the fastening screws.
The U-shaped frame is formed by assembling and welding three plates, a threaded hole is processed in the upper plate, and the upper plate is connected to the lower part of the supporting shaft through a screw; and the lower plate is provided with a threaded hole for installing a fastening wrench to fix the U-shaped frame on the workbench.
The fastening wrench is T-shaped formed by welding two small cylinders, the middle cylinder is provided with external threads and is installed in a threaded hole of the U-shaped frame for fixing the U-shaped frame on the workbench.
The installation and fixation form of the device has two types:
in the first method, for a single pre-grinding disc or polishing disc grinding and polishing machine, four holes matched with the support seats of the support shafts are drilled on the side shell of the grinding and polishing machine, then the support shafts are fixed on the side shell of the grinding and polishing machine through bolts and nuts, and finally other parts such as a swing frame and the like are installed, as shown in fig. 9.
For a double-disc grinding and polishing machine with a pre-grinding disc and a polishing disc, four holes matched with the bracket seats of the supporting shaft are drilled on the middle shell at the rear part of the grinding and polishing machine, then the supporting shaft is fixed on the rear shell of the grinding and polishing machine through bolts and nuts, and finally other parts such as a swing frame and the like are installed, as shown in fig. 14. One set of sample clamping device can compromise the operation of two mill polishing dishes, has saved one set of device.
In the second method, the U-shaped frame is connected to the lower part of the supporting shaft, then the U-shaped frame is fixed on a workbench for placing the grinding and polishing machine through a fastening wrench, and finally other parts such as the swing frame are installed, as shown in fig. 13. The mounting mode is very convenient for dismounting the device.
The operation method of the device is as follows:
in the first step, the swing frame is lifted by hand until the slide way pin slides to the annular groove of the supporting shaft, and the swing frame is rotated to the outer side of the polishing machine, as shown in fig. 10.
In the second step, the sample is clamped in a fixture and secured with set screws, see fig. 8.
And thirdly, the swinging frame is rotated back to the inner side of the polishing machine, the slide way pin slides downwards along the key groove of the supporting shaft, the swinging frame falls, and the sample is contacted with the upper surface of the polishing disc, which is shown in figure 9.
And fourthly, starting the grinding and polishing machine to perform pre-grinding or polishing operation on the sample.
Fifthly, after the sand paper is replaced or the grinding and polishing are finished in the grinding and polishing process, the swing frame is lifted up by hand and rotated to the outer side of the grinding and polishing machine, and the sand paper is replaced or the test sample is unloaded.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a swing type sample clamping device of metallography machine of throwing that grinds, includes: back shaft, retaining ring, spring, bearing, slide pin, swing span, plate holder utensil, post anchor clamps, U type frame and fastening spanner, its characterized in that:
the support shaft comprises a fixed shaft and a bracket seat which are fixedly connected; the fixed shaft is a vertical shaft, is used for mounting the retainer ring, the spring, the bearing and the swing frame and is used as a positioning shaft for the rotation of the swing frame; a long key groove is processed in the middle of the fixed shaft, an annular groove is processed in the upper part of the fixed shaft, and the long key groove is communicated with the annular groove to form a slideway; the bracket seat is formed by welding three plates and is fixedly connected with the lower part of the fixed shaft; the bracket base is drilled and used for installing the lower part of the bracket base on the U-shaped frame or installing the side surface of the bracket base on a shell of the grinding and polishing machine through a bolt;
the retainer ring is a standard locking retainer ring component, is fixed on the support shaft through a set screw and is used for supporting the spring; the spring can be adjusted to push up the elastic force of the swing frame by adjusting different fixing positions of the retainer ring on the supporting shaft;
the spring is a compression spring, is arranged on the supporting shaft and is used for jacking the swing frame to play roles in adjusting the downward pressing load of the swing frame and damping vibration;
the bearing is a thrust bearing, is arranged on the supporting shaft and is used for separating the spring from the swing frame and reducing the friction resistance when the swing frame rotates;
the swing frame is formed by assembling and welding a positioning sleeve and a strip-shaped connecting plate, is arranged at the upper part of the supporting shaft, is used for installing two fixtures and can swing around the supporting shaft; the positioning sleeve is a cylinder with an eccentric hole, a connecting plate is welded on one thin-wall side of the cylinder, a plurality of radial holes with different deflection directions are drilled on one thick-wall side of the cylinder, and the radial holes are used for mounting the slide way pins so as to control the deflection direction of the swing frame during positioning and realize the position adjustment of the clamp on the grinding and polishing disc; a long hole is processed in the middle of the connecting plate, two small holes are processed in the lower portion of the connecting plate and used for penetrating through two bolts, and the two clamps are fixed on two sides of the lower portion of the connecting plate of the swing frame;
the slideway pin is a combined component and is assembled by a ring screw, a magnet and a sliding pin; the ring screw is a standard lifting ring screw component; the magnet is a circular strong magnet and is used for adsorbing the slideway pin on the positioning sleeve of the swing frame to prevent the slideway pin from falling off; the sliding pin is a small cylinder, a threaded hole in the sliding pin is used for connecting the ring screw, and a small cylinder section at the opposite end of the sliding pin to the threaded hole is used for being inserted into the slide way of the supporting shaft, so that the positioning function is realized;
the slideway pin can be arranged in any radial hole of the positioning sleeve of the swing frame, and the cylindrical end of the slideway pin can slide in the key groove or the annular groove of the supporting shaft so as to realize the positioning of the swing frame;
the plate clamp is arranged on the side face of the connecting plate of the swing frame and used for fixing a plate-shaped sample; the plate clamp is in an irregular strip shape, two holes are machined at two ends of the plate clamp and are connected with the column clamp through screws, a strip groove is machined in the middle of the plate clamp, a plurality of threaded holes are machined at the bottom of the side wall groove, and a plate-shaped sample is fixed through fastening screws;
the column clamp is arranged on the other side face of the connecting plate of the swing frame and used for fixing the columnar sample; the column clamp is in an irregular strip shape, threaded holes are machined in two ends of the column clamp, and the column clamp is connected with the plate clamp through screws; two inclined plane grooves with circular arcs are processed in the middle of the column clamp, inclined threaded holes are processed at the symmetrical lines of the inclined plane grooves, a wedge-shaped clamping space is formed by the inclined plane grooves and a connecting plate of the swing frame, and columnar samples of different sizes can be clamped and fixed through a set screw;
the U-shaped frame is formed by assembling and welding an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate; the upper plate is provided with a threaded hole and is connected to the lower part of the supporting shaft through a screw; the lower plate is provided with a threaded hole for accommodating a fastening wrench and fixing the U-shaped frame on the workbench;
the fastening wrench is T-shaped formed by welding two small cylinders, external threads are processed on the middle cylinder, and the fastening wrench is installed in a threaded hole of the U-shaped frame and used for fixing the U-shaped frame on the workbench.
CN201910630671.9A 2019-07-12 2019-07-12 Swing type sample clamping device of metallographic grinding and polishing machine Expired - Fee Related CN110193766B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN110193766B true CN110193766B (en) 2021-03-30

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110587461B (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-02-05 东北石油大学 Three-leg magnetic type test piece clamping device of metallographic grinding and polishing machine
CN113001380A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-22 嘉善耐博精密仪器有限公司 Metallographic sample clamp for controlling grinding and polishing amount
CN114353703A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-04-15 长春希达电子技术有限公司 Method and device for simply measuring splicing flatness of side light mode LED screen

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