CN110157613A - A kind of layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment and process for solid state fermentation - Google Patents

A kind of layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment and process for solid state fermentation Download PDF

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CN110157613A
CN110157613A CN201910433292.0A CN201910433292A CN110157613A CN 110157613 A CN110157613 A CN 110157613A CN 201910433292 A CN201910433292 A CN 201910433292A CN 110157613 A CN110157613 A CN 110157613A
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fermenting case
layer frame
fermentation
value
solid state
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CN110157613B (en
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肖毅
肖兵南
王会明
刘莹莹
蒋小文
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Xiao Bingnan
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Hunan Minkang Biological Technology Institute
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/090179 priority patent/WO2020228760A1/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment and process for solid state fermentation, solid state fermentation equipment includes fermenting case, inlet port and outlet port are opened up thereon, at least one fermentation bed is equipped in the fermenting case, it further include elevator, the fermentation bed includes at least two layers of crawler type layer frame, respectively frame from bottom to top successively parallel laid layer by layer, the moving direction of adjacent layer frame crawler belt is opposite, the front end of top layer's layer frame is equipped with receiving hopper, the front end of remainder layer layer frame is equipped with tilting backgauge slot, the splicing groove being located at below feed inlet is equipped in fermenting case, the rear end of lowest level layer frame is located above splicing groove；The feeding funnel that there is elevator at least one can move between splicing groove and receiving hopper.Structure of the invention is compact, installation, disassembly and convenient transportation, and opposite manufacturing cost is low；Stirring is recycled, smooth, aseptic controlling is run, fermentation condition optimization can precisely ferment, and greatly improve fermentation efficiency and product quality, the high-performance solid aerobic fermentation of practicable scale.

Description

A kind of layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment and process for solid state fermentation
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid-state fermentation technology field, in particular to a kind of layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment and solid State fermentation process.
Background technique
Biofermentation is divided into according to the supply situation of oxygen has (need) aerobe fermentation and without two class of (detesting) aerobe fermentation.Anaerobic fermentation Mainly bacterial anaerobic fermentation works, including decomposition of cellulose, carbohydrate and protein hydrolysis, generates alcohol, acid and methane (natural pond Gas) etc., it is slow to be suitable for food productions, the processes such as runoff water biological treatment, wine and vinegar；Aerobic fermentation be aerobic bacteria (bacterium, Fungi, actinomyces) decomposition and conversion of progress organic matter under aerobic conditions, it can produce under artificial control desirable Substance, fermentation process is very fast, is applied in the industrial productions such as medicine, feed, food and waste processing.Biofermentation is according to form It is divided into solid-state and two kinds of liquid state fermentation, controllable accurate fermentation general at present is mostly liquid state fermentation；Solid state fermentation is mostly extensive style Fermentation is widely used in producing, in life.Compared with liquid state fermentation, solid state fermentation, especially aerobic solid state fermentation has aobvious The feature and advantage of work: raw material sources are wide, and amount of fermentation is big, high-efficient, and production cost is low, and applicability is wide etc..Therefore, it is cured in biology The fields such as medicine, biological food, biological feedstuff and veterinary drug, biological pesticide and fertilizer, biochemical industry and the depollution of environment are widely applied.
Zymolysis Equipment is the basis of fermentation industry, with the raising of level of fermentation technology, it is desirable that controllable accurate fermentation, it is right The requirement of equipment is also higher and higher.Only liquid fermentation equipment (fermenter system) research is early at present, technologically advanced complete, can fit Answer the requirement of various industrialized productions；And the research and innovation lag of solid state fermentation equipment, it is sent out so far without the controllable solid-state of condition Ferment equipment is able to satisfy the needs of industrialized production, this seriously restricts the research and application of solid-state fermentation process.
For existing solid state fermentation equipment in addition to traditional anaerobic fermentation bucket and fermentation vat, aerobic solid state fermentation equipment has tray hair Ferment reactor (mass-and heat-transfer rate is low, causes high pollution risk and pallet utilization rate low), fluidized bed fermentation reactor (reactor Plot ratio is low), rotary drum fermentation reactor (material agglomerate problem) low with viscous wall, reactor volume rate, disc type fermentation it is anti- Answer device (being unable to sterile working), stirring-type fermentation reactor (being only applicable to ferment on a small scale), air pressure oscillation fermenter reaction Device (equipment requirement is high, and material prepares difficulty etc.)；In various solid-state reactors (solid state fermentation equipment), industrially it has been applied Also only have tray formula, rotary drum and stirring reactor, the country development of the solid-state reactor of other forms has also just been sprouted Hair.Once it reported within 2004 a kind of box solid material Zymolysis Equipment (number of patent application 200420026272.0), and was that ladder is defeated Belt is sent, takes up a large area and grows, bad adaptability.The II type intelligent solid-state microorganism of report KRH- in 2011 such as Jiang Qin is progressive complete The research of device, device are tier rack type fermenting case system, solve material mixing, disinfection, charging, stone and fermentation process control System, but fermentation process is unable to stirring, and (500L) small in size, is only applicable to bench-scale testing and strain production；And material sterilizes Tank and fermenting case assemble, and material disinfection tank is placed on fermenting case, and equipment manufacturing costs are high, inconvenient.2015 annual report such as Xiao Yi A kind of layer frame in road is followed also crawler type fermenting case (ZL 201510388026.2), and writes articles " 10m2Layer frame follows also crawler type fermenting case Production and performance measurement " and " fermentation waste matter production high activity high nutrition feed equipment and technology effect analysis ", deliver In " Agriculture in Hunan science " the 10th phase in 2017 and " feed industry " 2018.11 phase；The equipment is the double-deck frame conveyer belt, structure compared with Complexity is owed compact, is taken up a large area, and material transmission has some setbacks；Lack matched material processing (disinfection etc.) conveying equipment, easily causes Material pollutes in the process.
Solid state fermentation is a kind of fermentation of nature, and there are many different, most notable one spies from liquid submerged fermentation Sign is that water activity is low, and mass transfer and conductivity of heat are poor, and fermentation is uneven.The growth of thallus produces the absorption and metabolism of nutriment The secretion of object is throughout also uneven, so that detecting and controlling for fermentation parameter is relatively difficult, the biology of many liquid state fermentations is passed Sensor can not also be applied to solid state fermentation.So far, the parameter of solid state fermentation detection or regulation has moisture content in medium (water work Degree), pH value, air humidity, CO2And O2Content, temperature and thalli growth amount etc., but have not yet seen in the literature more complete The kind mathematical model about solid state fermentation is all with drawing although some are reported about the dynamics research of solid state fermentation Form occur, there are no the systems of mature solid state fermentation parameter detecting and regulation." the solid fermentation mistake of 2010 and 2011 reports Journey parameter detecting and optimal control " is also mainly with the ginseng of fuzzy mathematics method analysis fermentation process different direction different time Number difference, is theoretically studied fermentation process optimization control parameter (temperature, humidity and pH value)；And crucial detection and adjusting side Method is unclear.In fact to biofermentation, the not instead of difference of searching yeasting everywhere, tries to eliminate difference, such as effectively stir Stirring is mixed, air circulation etc. in space.Xiao Yi etc. 2018 report 10M2 layer frame endless track formula fermenting case (dynamic) be also Temperature simply regulates and controls with humidity, fails intelligence.
The disinfection and conveying of solid fermented material are to ensure fermentation process without living contaminants, it is ensured that the pass of fermented product quality Key, and most of solid-state fermentation installations (case, tank etc.) are unable to direct voltage high-temp sterilizing, but first by installation for fermenting (ozone, disinfectant etc.) or physics (steam, ultraviolet light etc.) sterilizing are learned, then material disinfection is gone out with other material chlorination equipment It is inputted in installation for fermenting in a manner of manually or mechanically after bacterium, carries out inoculation fermentation, easily cause second of pollution in this way, fermentation is lost It loses.One sterilization tank of upper installation that Jiang Qin etc. 2011 is reported in fermenting case is made after material high-temperature sterilization by gravity Inoculation fermentation in input fermenting case is fallen with by material.Although this solves material sterilizing transportation problem, considerably increases and set Standby cost (the mating high pressure sterilization tank of a small-sized fermentation case), and in the upper installation sterilization tank of fermenting case, position Height, production operation are extremely inconvenient.
, there is respective defect in the above existing solid state fermentation equipment, especially inadaptable to the fermentation of macro fungi, because Macro fungi fermentation except requiring temperature, moisture stable, oxygen supply it is sufficient and without conditions such as miscellaneous bacterias outside, also need shallower fermentation materials and Appropriateness is mildly stirred and longer fermentation time (vulnerable to living contaminants)；There was only shallow tray fermentation reactor, circle in the above equipment Disc type fermentation reactor and fluidized bed fermentation reactor can be applied reluctantly, but difficult stringent satisfaction fermentation requires, and cannot carry out Production that the safety of scale is (pollution-free).As it can be seen that the Large Solid State Zymolysis Equipment of research and development novel intelligent is to solve now Restrict the key of solid state fermentation industry development bottleneck.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of layer frame endless track formula solid-state hair Ferment equipment and process for solid state fermentation.
It is unable to fully stir, stirring cannot be recycled etc. to make material mass-and heat-transfer to solve solid state fermentation equipment in the prior art Difficult technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment, including fermenting case open up inlet port and outlet port on fermenting case, At least one fermentation bed is equipped in the fermenting case, which is characterized in that further include elevator, the fermentation bed includes at least two layers Crawler type layer frame, each layer frame from bottom to top successively parallel laid are respectively provided with one in each layer frame and pave device；The mobile side of adjacent layer frame To on the contrary, the front end of top layer's layer frame is equipped with receiving hopper, the front end of remaining layer frame in addition to top layer's layer frame is equipped with tilting gear Hopper；It is equipped with the splicing groove being located at below feed inlet in fermenting case, the first agitating shaft and the second stirring are equipped in the splicing groove The rear end of axis lowest level layer frame is located above splicing groove；The elevator has at least one can be between splicing groove and receiving hopper Mobile feeding funnel.
By above structure, circulation conveying road is formed between elevator and the motion profile of multilayer layer frame crawler belt, so as to It realizes that circulation stirring, agitating shaft are sufficiently stirred, pave device and pave material, accelerate mass-and heat-transfer, greatly improves the equilibrium of fermentation Property and fermentation efficiency.
The elevator has endless belt conveyer as a preferred method, and the feeding funnel is set to annular driving band The one end in outside, endless belt conveyer extends in splicing groove, and the other end of endless belt conveyer is connected with receiving hopper.
By above structure, material lifting is smooth, is not easy resistance material spreading, and space utilization rate is high.
To solve the skill that solid state fermentation equipment in the prior art does not have complete parameter monitoring function during the fermentation Art problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
It further, further include controller, the characteristics of in the fermenting case based on no high temperature and pressure and through technology appropriate It improves, is additionally provided with the temperature monitoring unit being made of conventional sensors and/or humidity control unit and/or PH value monitoring unit And/or O2Concentration monitor unit and/or CO2Concentration monitor unit and/or pressure monitor unit and/or the monitoring of layer frame transmission speed Unit；Temperature monitoring unit and/or humidity control unit and/or pH value monitoring unit and/or O2Concentration monitor unit and/or CO2 Concentration monitor unit and/or pressure monitor unit and/or layer frame transmission speed monitoring unit are electrically connected with the controller.
By above structure, using controller to temperature, humidity, pH value, O2Concentration, CO2Concentration, pressure, layer frame transmission speed The parameters such as degree are monitored, and realize the accurate fermentation of intelligentized control method.
It is of the present invention to solve the technical issues of solid state fermentation equipment is difficult to ensure gnotobasis in the prior art Technical solution is:
It further, further include material sterilization transfer pot, the material sterilization transfer pot includes special-shaped interlayer Autoclave opens up material input port and strain input port on autoclave, and bottom is equipped with spiral agitator, auger in autoclave The outlet of device can be connected to each other with the feed inlet.
By above structure, after material sterilization, fermenting case can be docked by spiral agitator, be automatically fed into fermenting case It is interior, avoid living contaminants.Meanwhile material disinfection and sterilization transfer pot uses for multiple fermenting cases.In addition, the material disinfection being equipped with Sterilization transfer pot can also produce high steam for fermenting case sterilization, and the high-temperature sterilization of generation, which ferments, to be humidified, a tractor serves several purposes, Energy saving economy.
Further, the fermentation box body forms the cabinet strictly sealed by muti-piece panel assembly, carries out in case ultraviolet Line smells oxygen and (smells oxygen amount >=40mg/m3) and high steam single or multiple sterilization, ensure case in thorough disinfection sterilizing. The size of fermenting case can manufacture and design as needed, meet the needs of different production plants, installation, disassembly and convenient transportation.
It further, further include gas supply and the circulatory system, the gas supply and the circulatory system include air filtration purification, add The air cleaning feeder and air exhausting device of temperature, damping etc..
By above structure, the air that sterile, temperature and moisture stable are supplied for fermentation process is ensured, and in the case effectively Circulation and discharge.
The number of plies of the crawler type layer frame is even number as a preferred method,.
The number of plies of crawler type layer frame is even number, so that undermost layer frame rear end be facilitated to dock with splicing groove.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of process for solid state fermentation, its main feature is that using described Layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment, comprising:
Step A1, inoculation material enter the splicing groove in fermenting case from feed inlet；
Inoculation material in splicing groove is transported to receiving hopper by step A2, elevator operating, feeding funnel；
Step A3, inoculation material enter the front end of top layer's layer frame from receiving hopper；
Step A4, each layer frame is mobile, when inoculum is expected up to upper layer layer frame rear end, falls into the adjacent layer frame front end of lower layer, Until inoculum is expected up to the rear end of lowest level layer frame；
Step A5 is inoculated with material from the rear end of lowest level layer frame and falls into splicing groove；
Step A6 repeats step A2 to A5 until inoculation material fermentation is completed；
Step A7, the material fermented in splicing groove send out fermenting case from discharge port.
As a preferred method, in inoculation material fermentation process, to the temperature and/or humidity and/or PH of fermenting case Value and/or CO2Concentration and/or O2Concentration and/or pressure and/or layer frame transmission speed are monitored, in which:
Monitoring temperature process includes: by controller feedback adjustment β1, so that the temperature of fermenting case is at 20 DEG C~45 DEG C, Wherein, β1Meet condition SV2(n)=(1+ β1*EV1(n))SV1(n), SV2It (n) is n moment fermenting case actual temperature controlling value,SV1It (n) is fermenting case set temperature controlling value, PV1It (n) is fermenting case actual temperature value；
Humidity control process includes: by controller feedback adjustment β2, so that the humidity of fermenting case is 70%~85%, Wherein, β2Meet condition SH2(n)=(1+ β2*EH1(n))SH1(n), SH2It (n) is n moment fermenting case actual humidity controlling value,SH1It (n) is fermenting case setting humidity control value, PH1It (n) is fermenting case actual humidity value；
It includes: by controller feedback adjustment β that pH value, which monitors process,3, so that the pH value of fermenting case is 6~8, wherein β3It is full Sufficient condition SPH2(n)=(1+ β3*EPH1(n))SPH1(n), SPH2It (n) is the practical pH value controlling value of n moment fermenting case,SPH1It (n) is fermenting case setting pH value controlling value, PPH1It (n) is the practical PH of fermenting case Value；
O2Concentration measurement and control process includes: by controller feedback adjustment β4, so that the O of fermenting case2Concentration 5%~ 25%, wherein β4Meet condition SO2(n)=(1+ β4*EO1(n))SO1(n), SO2It (n) is the practical O of n moment fermenting case2Concentration Controlling value,SO1It (n) is fermenting case setting O2Concentration controlling value, PO1It (n) is fermenting case reality Border O2Concentration value；
CO2Concentration measurement and control process includes: by controller feedback adjustment β5, so that the CO of fermenting case2Concentration 300ppm~ 400ppm, wherein β5Meet condition SCO2(n)=(1+ β5*ECO1(n))SCO1(n), SCO2It (n) is that n moment fermenting case is practical CO2Concentration controlling value, SCO1It (n) is fermenting case setting CO2Concentration controlling value, PCO1It (n) is the practical CO of fermenting case2Concentration value；
Pressure monitor process includes: by controller feedback adjustment β6, so that the pressure jitter range of fermenting case be- 0.01Mpa~0.01Mpa, wherein β6Meet condition SF2(n)=(1+ β6*EF1(n))SF1(n), SF2It (n) is to ferment at the n moment Case actual pressure controlling value,SF1It (n) is fermenting case setting pressure control values, PF1It (n) is hair Ferment case actual pressure value；
It includes: by controller feedback adjustment β that layer frame transmission speed, which monitors process,7, make to control space temperature in fermenting case And the difference of temperature of charge controls O in fermenting case in 0.5 DEG C2Concentration and material O2The difference of concentration is in 1%.β7The item of satisfaction Part u (n)=u (n-1)-Δ u (n), u (n) are the output of pid loop, and Δ u (n) is the increment of the n-th moment control amount, Δ u (n) =KP[e(n)-e(n-1)]+β7KIe(n)+KD[e (n) -2e (n-1)+e (n-2)], space temperature and temperature of charge in fermenting case Difference Δ PV1(n) and fermenting case in O2Concentration and material O2The difference Δ PO of concentration1(n) it is used as input quantity through processing synthesis e (n), Motor operation speed by PID control signal u (n) for controlling layer frame transmission speed is used as output quantity.
It further, further include material sterilization transfer pot, the material sterilization transfer pot includes special-shaped interlayer Autoclave opens up material input port and strain input port on autoclave, and bottom is equipped with spiral agitator, auger in autoclave The outlet of device can be connected to each other with the feed inlet；
In fermenting case inoculation material acquisition process the following steps are included:
Fermentation materials are put into autoclave from material input port by step B1；
Step B2, fermentation materials sterilization in autoclave；
Step B3 cools down to material sterilization transfer pot；
The feed inlet of the outlet of spiral agitator and fermenting case is aseptically connected to each other by step B4；
Strain is put into autoclave from strain input port by step B5；
Step B6, spiral agitator work, is sent into fermenting case by feed inlet for the inoculation material in autoclave.
It further, further include that steam is generated using material sterilization transfer pot for fermenting case sterilization, generation High-temperature sterilization water is humidified for material fermentation.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) elevator and layer frame endless track formula fermentation bed In conjunction with, it is compact-sized, stirring is recycled, smooth, useful space utilization rate height is run, opposite manufacturing cost is low；(2) according to fermenting case Environmental condition and proper technology improvement, are equipped with the intelligent control system being made of conventional sensors, are controlled with the PID of genetic algorithm Algorithm optimization processed regulates and controls parameter, optimizes the environment, and realizes precisely fermentation, greatly improves fermentation efficiency and product quality；(3) it is equipped with Material sterilization transfer pot has the function of that sterilization, inoculation stirring, (equipment is for multiple fermenting cases for mobile conveying With)；Simultaneously high steam can be generated for fermenting case sterilization, the high-temperature sterilization water of generation is made for while material sterilizes Material fermentation humidification, i.e. a tractor serves several purposes；(4) gas supply and the circulatory system are prepared, air three-level polishing filter, heating is arranged in system Sterilizer and humidifier, guarantee is passed through sterile air, temperature humidity is suitable for, and circulation is effective in case；(5) sterile, behaviour is fully controlled Facilitate, the high-performance solid aerobic fermentation of practicable scale, the fungi long especially suitable for fermentation period, especially medicine are edible The fermentation of hypha,hyphae, for the fermentation of the agricultural and sideline products such as Chinese medicine, the dregs of a decoction, waste matter and other materials；(6) fermentation box body by The panel assembly of muti-piece sizing production is formed, and is installed, is dismantled and convenient transportation, instrument size can design and produce as needed, fits Answer the needs of different production plants.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is fermenting case appearance diagram.
Fig. 2 is fermentation bed and elevator main view.
Fig. 3 is fermentation bed and elevator top view.
Fig. 4 is drive system schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the fermenting case main view with fermentation bed.
Fig. 6 is the fermenting case top view (removing top plate) with biserial fermentation bed.
Fig. 7 is the fermenting case top view (removing top plate) with single-row fermentation bed.
Fig. 8 is feeding tank system main view
Fig. 9 is material sterilization transfer pot outside drawing.
Figure 10 is the sectional view of material sterilization transfer pot.
Figure 11 is electric control system block diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is layer frame speed control system block diagram.
Wherein, 1 is fermenting case, and 101 be feed inlet, and 102 be driving motor, and 103 be door, and 104 be observation window and sample tap, 105 be exhaust outlet, and 106 be discharge port, and 107 be air valve, and 108 be blow tank, and 2 be fermentation bed, and 201 be layer frame, and 202 be backgauge Slot, 203 is pave device, and 3 be elevator, and 301 be feeding funnel, and 302 be endless belt conveyer, and 4 be receiving hopper, and 5 be splicing groove, and 501 It is the second agitating shaft for the first agitating shaft, 502,6 be controller, and 601 be temperature monitoring unit, and 602 be humidity control unit, 603 be pH value monitoring unit, and 604 be O2Concentration monitor unit, 605 be CO2Concentration monitor unit, 606 be pressure monitor unit, 607 be layer frame transmission speed monitoring unit, and 608 be touch screen human-computer interface, and 7 be material sterilization transfer pot, and 701 be sterilizing Pot, 702 be material input port, and 703 be strain input port, and 704 be spiral agitator, and 705 be escape pipe, and 706 be water outlet pipe valve, 8 be air cleaning feeder, and 801 be wind box, and 802 be main tank, and 803 be odd-side, and 804 be air filter, and 805 be drum Blower, 806 be pocket type air filter, and 807 be heating sterilizer, and 808 be air supply tube, and 809 be high efficiency particle air filter, 810 It is honeycomb humidity control device for air outlet, 9,10 be control cabinet, and 11 be exhaust blower.
Specific embodiment
Layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment of the invention includes: fermenting case 1, layer frame crawler belt fermentation bed 2, disinfection system Several parts such as system, air supply system, parameter detecting regulator control system, material sterilizing conveying, configure complete, compact-sized, coordination and fit With.
Fermenting case 1: 1 cabinet of fermenting case is made by heat preservation heat-proof corrosion resistant corrosion material, by 6 bulks (or fritter assembly bulk) face Plate assembly is formed, i.e. 4 pieces of walls: both ends enabling 103, and side middle and lower part sets purification air inlet port (air cleaning feeder 8 Below), side sets feed inlet 101, driving motor 102 (motor shaft mechanical seal hole), steam access apertures, observation window and sample tap 104, the other side sets out material mouth 106；2 pieces of upper lower roof plate bottom plates: top plate sets air valve 107 and the exhaust outlet 105 with blower, interior peace Fill ultraviolet lamp, ozone generator；Bottom plate sets the fixed device of bedstead and the closable pore of sewage discharging；Each plate junction hard Material adds screw to fix, and is easy to combine installation, and disassembled for transport is convenient.See Fig. 1 and Fig. 5.
Layer frame crawler type fermentation bed 2 and lifting device:
(1) layer frame crawler type fermentation bed 2: layer frame crawler belt fermentation bed 2 is made of double-deck (4 layers or 6 layers), is by corrosion-resistant resistance to The synchronous conveyer band and stainless steel stent group of food grade materials (PVC, PU, EP, silica gel, the nylon, stainless steel etc.) manufacture of high temperature At every layer of both sides set the striker plate of 10-20cm high, and the front end of top layer's layer frame 201 is equipped with receiving hopper 4, sets stirring thereafter and pave Device (axis) one or more；Each adjacent 2 layers of rotation direction is driven by box outside motor on the contrary, connect by gear with chain (see Fig. 2, Fig. 4).
The fermentation bed 2 includes at least two layers of crawler type layer frame 201, and each layer frame 201 from bottom to top successively tiles, adjacent layer The moving direction of frame 201 is on the contrary, be equipped with backgauge slot 202, equipped with the splicing for being located at 101 lower section of feed inlet in fermenting case 1 at blanking Slot 5, the rear end of lowest level layer frame 201 are located at 5 top of splicing groove.
Fermentation 1 set of bedstead (single-column type) or 2 sets (double-row type) are set in every case.
(2) lifting device: including melon wooden dipper formula elevator 3 and 5 two parts of splicing groove.The elevator 3 has at least one The feeding funnel 301 that can be moved between splicing groove 5 and receiving hopper 4.The elevator 3 has endless belt conveyer 302, the feeding Bucket 301 is set to the outside of annular driving band, and the shape of the feeding funnel 301 is melon pulp shape.One end of endless belt conveyer 302 is set to In splicing groove 5, the other end of endless belt conveyer 302 is connected with receiving hopper 4.
Elevator 3 is fixed on stainless steel chain by the melon wooden dipper with rebasing (crawler belt), and the material lifting device of composition is (see figure 3)；Lifting device is mounted on bar shaped (side sight) bracket again, is driven through box outside motor.Splicing groove 5 is elongated, sets promotion The head end of one layer of bedstead of fermentation below machine 3 receives to input material outside fermented case 1 case for the first time and 2 conveyer belt of fermentation bed runs and passes The fermentation materials come are promoted for elevator 3；2 agitating shafts are equipped in splicing groove 5, the first agitating shaft 501 is in the remote of fermentation bed 2 End is in Interrupted screw shape, is mainly responsible for outside fermenting case 1 case and inputs connecing for material, the mixing in hopper and is sprawled, and is fermented The outflow of material after the completion；Second agitating shaft 502 is toothed agitating shaft, is mainly responsible for conveyer belt and falls in the proximal end of fermentation bed 2 The stirring of lower material.Splicing groove one end sets closable baffle, is connected at baffle with blow tank 108.
The material outer feed pipe of fermented case 1 inputs the splicing groove 5 of 3 lower end of elevator, by agitating shaft in splicing groove 5 by material Stirring is sprawled, by elevator 3 by the receiving hopper 4 of material lifting to top layer's layer frame 201 (from bottom to top the 4th layer of number), through third The stirring of agitating shaft 204 is spread out, then is transmitted rearward material by fermentation bed band, falls into 201 front end of third layer layer frame；Third layer layer frame Material conveying is fallen into 201 front end of second layer layer frame by the operating of 201 backward directions；Second layer layer frame 201 operates backward again, by object Material transmission falls into 201 front end of first layer layer frame；First layer layer frame 201 operates backward, by material transmission to 3 lower part of elevator Splicing groove 5, then by elevator 3 by material lifting to the receiving hopper 4 on 2 top of fermentation bed, into next transmission period (see figure 2).To ensure the material of upper layer layer frame 201 accurately falls into lower layer's layer frame 201, in addition to top layer's layer frame 201 other layer frames 201 Front end is equipped with backgauge slot 202.
Material is pushed by the material fermented by agitating shaft in the splicing groove 5 under elevator 3 (clutch separation shuts down) One end (flapper is put down), through mobile chute from discharge port 106 spread out of case outside (single-row bedstead) or from case end gate spread out of (biserial bedstead).
(3) drive system: one group of bedstead fermentation bed 2 and an elevator system are by a motor driven, with gear plus chain Connection；The transmission installation clutch of elevator 3, leaves, the promotion of middle fracture exports material (see figure from discharge port 106 in discharging 3), it is also possible to which two motors respectively drive.
Solid state fermentation equipment further include:
(1) air cleaning conveying device: setting up air cleaning feeder 8, including wind box 801 on the outside of fermenting case 1, Wind box 801 is divided into main tank 802 and odd-side 803, and air blower 805 is set in main tank 802, and 802 air inlet of main tank sets air initial filter Device 804, main tank 802 and 803 junction of odd-side set second level pocket type air filter 806, set heater 807,803 He of odd-side thereafter Air supply tube 808 is connected, and air supply tube protrudes into the pipe outlet 809 of fermenting case 1 and sets stage high-effective air filter 810.Air It through 3 filtration, purifications and heats and sterilizes in feeding fermenting case 1, ensure and enter the wind sterile and thermophilic.See Fig. 8.
(2) heating device: heating device is also installed in two sides in the case, is mainly used for starting heating and auxiliary heating.
(3) honeycomb humidity control device 9 (Fig. 6 and the figure of water-absorbent material production humidifier: are set at purification air outlet 7) it is, the dry air humidification blown into, while sets ultrasonic ultrasonic delay line memory auxiliary damping in fermenting case 1.
(4) pH regulating device: acid solution bottle and lye bottle (being connect with sebific duct with atomizer) are set surely in fermenting case 1, is contained respectively Weak acid solution (carbonic acid, organic acid etc.) and weak caustic solution (ammonium hydroxide, soda water etc.).
(5) air draft and cooling device: exhaust blower 11 is set in 1 top quadrangle air outlet 502 of fermenting case.Fresh purification air by Bottom portion or case top center enter in case, are discharged after diffusion cycles by air outlet, realize rapid aeration, cooling, dehumidifying.
(6) pressure-regulating device: center installation air valve 107 is pushed up in fermenting case 1, is adjusted for pressure in case.
To realize intelligent control, control cabinet 10 is fixed outside fermenting case 1, is equipped with controller 6, the control in control cabinet 10 Device 6 is PLC or single-chip microcontroller, carries out human-computer interaction by touch screen human-computer interface 608 and controller 6.It is also set in the fermenting case 1 There are temperature monitoring unit 601, humidity control unit 602, pH value monitoring unit 603, O2Concentration monitor unit 604, CO2Concentration prison Control unit 605, pressure monitor unit 606 and layer frame transmission speed monitoring unit 607；Temperature monitoring unit 601, humidity control list First 602, pH value monitoring unit 603, O2Concentration monitor unit 604, CO2Concentration monitor unit 605, pressure monitor unit 606 and layer Frame transmission speed monitoring unit 607 is electrically connected (see Figure 11) with controller 6.Specifically, the PLC or single-chip microcontroller and temperature Sensor, regulation electric heater, feeding tank heating device, space humidity sensor, material moisture (water activity) sensor, into Gas humidistat, atomising device, acidity-basicity sensor, weak acid alkali regulating device, pressure sensor, drain tap, O2Sensor, CO2 The connection such as sensor, feeding tank air blower, exhaust blower, bed translator governor.
Solid state fermentation equipment further includes mobile (or fixed) material sterilization transfer pot 7, and the material disinfection is gone out Bacterium transfer pot 7 includes special-shaped interlayer high-pressure sterilizing pot 701, opens up material input port 702 and strain input port on autoclave 701 703, bottom is equipped with spiral agitator 704 (see Fig. 9, Figure 10) in autoclave 701, the outlet of spiral agitator 704 can with it is described Feed inlet 101 is connected to each other.Material sterilization transfer pot 7 is equipped with bracket and wheel, moves, facilitates feeding.I.e. to fermentation material After vapor injection sterilization, material sterilization transfer pot 7 is pushed into material by fast cooling (replacement interlayer hot water is cold water) Fermenting case 1 aseptically again docks the outlet of spiral agitator 704 with 1 feed inlet 101 of fermenting case (on flame), access Strain opens screw agitation shaft, mixes strain with material and is sent into fermenting case 1.7 tank deck of material sterilization transfer pot is equipped with Escape pipe 705 with valve, for being sterilized for the gas supply of fermenting case 1；It is also set in the side lower of material sterilization transfer pot 7 There is a water outlet pipe valve 706, for supplying sterile water.
Decontamination system:
On the basis of the installation ultraviolet radiator sterilization of 1 inner top surface of fermenting case, following two kinds of sterilization methods are selected according to condition One of or two kinds of combinations carry out reinforcing sterilization；
One, moise-heat sterilization generates steaming using the existing high steam of factory or material sterilization transfer pot 7 of the invention Vapour is passed through in fermenting case 1 and carries out disinfection with high pressure steam sterilizing；
Two, ozonization configures ozone generator outside case, generates ozone and is passed through disinfection, ozone amount >=40mg/ in case m3, up to 100 grades of C=20ppm or more.
Include: using the method that the layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment carries out solid state fermentation
Step A1, inoculation material enter the splicing groove 5 in fermenting case 1 from feed inlet 101；
Step A2, elevator 3 operate, and the inoculation material in splicing groove 5 is transported to receiving hopper 4 by feeding funnel 301；
Step A3, inoculation material enter the front end of top layer's layer frame 201 from receiving hopper 4；
Step A4, each layer frame 201 is mobile, when inoculum is expected up to upper layer 201 rear end of layer frame, falls into the adjacent layer frame of lower layer 201 front ends, until inoculum is expected up to the rear end of lowest level layer frame 201；
Step A5 is inoculated with material from the rear end of lowest level layer frame 201 and falls into splicing groove 5；
Step A6 repeats step A2 to A5 until inoculation material fermentation is completed；
Step A7, the material fermented in splicing groove 5 send out fermenting case 1 through blow tank 108 from discharge port 106.
In inoculation material fermentation process, to the temperature of fermenting case 1, humidity, pH value, CO2Concentration, O2Concentration, pressure and layer Frame transmission speed is monitored, in which:
Monitoring temperature: by temperature sensor and electric heater, hot air apparatus, exhaust fan unit at temperature controlled input and output Configuration, using existing mature closed loop PID (ratio (proportion), integral (integral), derivative (derivative)) Controller 6 is controlled, and does certain suitable parameter adjustment for this Zymolysis Equipment unique characteristics, with reach control precision and The advantages that high energy saving.
This controller 6 uses leading function sets temperature based on having the pid control algorithm based on genetic algorithm The value of control ratio, design parameter adjustment mode are as follows:
SV1It (n) is 1 set temperature controlling value of fermenting case, PV1It (n) is 1 actual temperature value of fermenting case,
β1It is temperature deviation amplification coefficient, difference limit is assumed to be α1, 0 < α1≤0.05。α1Value and β1It is inversely proportional, α1 Smaller then temperature deviation amplification coefficient increases.
Such as-α1≤EV1(n)≤α1, then error is amplified:
EV2(n)=β1*EV1(n) (2)
To EV2(n) setting range: | EV2(n) |≤0.05, i.e. permission temperature error SV in ± 5%, formula (3)2(n) It is n moment actual temperature controlling value:
SV2(n)=(1+ β1*EV1(n))SV1(n) (3)
β is constantly fed back and adjusted by closed loop controller1, so that the temperature of fermenting case 1 is at 20 DEG C~45 DEG C.
Humidity control: it is made of space humidity and material moisture (or water activity) sensor and humidistat, atomising device The input and output configuration of humid control, using having based on the pid control algorithm based on genetic algorithm to wet in 1 body of fermenting case Degree realizes real-time monitoring.Using the value of leading function sets humid control ratio, design parameter adjustment mode is as follows:
SH1It (n) is that fermenting case 1 sets humidity control value, PH1It (n) is 1 actual humidity value of fermenting case；
β2It is humidity deviation amplification coefficient, difference limit is assumed to be α2, 0 < α2≤0.1。α2Value and β2It is inversely proportional, α2 Smaller then temperature deviation amplification coefficient increases.
Such as-α2≤EH1(n)≤α2, then error is amplified:
EH2(n)=β2*EH1(n) (5)
To EH2(n) setting range: | EH2(n) |≤0.1, i.e. permission humidity error SH in ± 10%, formula (6)2(n) It is 1 actual humidity controlling value of n moment fermenting case:
SH2(n)=(1+ β2*EH1(n))SH1(n) (6)
β is constantly fed back and adjusted by closed loop controller2, so that the humidity of fermenting case 1 is 70%~85%.
PH value monitoring: by acidity-basicity sensor (additional water dropping head ensures that measurement site material contains a certain amount of water) and weak Acid & alkali liquid (carbonic acid, organic acid, ammonium hydroxide, soda water etc.) regulating device (being implemented by atomizer) forms the input of pH value control Output configuration is realized pH value in 1 body of fermenting case using having based on the pid control algorithm based on genetic algorithm and is adjusted in real time Control.Using the value of leading function sets pH value control ratio, design parameter adjustment mode is as follows:
SPH1It (n) is that fermenting case 1 sets pH value controlling value, PPH1It (n) is the practical pH value of fermenting case 1；
β3It is pH value deviation amplification coefficient, difference limit is assumed to be α3, 0 < α3≤0.05。α3Value and β3It is inversely proportional, α3 Smaller then pH value deviation amplification coefficient increases.
Such as-α3≤EPV1(n)≤α3, then error is amplified:
EPH2(n)=β3*EPH1(n) (8)
To EPH2(n) setting range: | EPH2(n) |≤0.05, i.e. permission pH value error SPH in ± 5%, formula (9)2 It (n) is the practical pH value controlling value of n moment fermenting case 1
SPH2(n)=(1+ β3*EPH1(n))SPH1(n) (9)
β is constantly fed back and adjusted by closed loop controller3, so that the pH value of fermenting case 1 is 6~8.
Pressure monitor: the input and output configuration controlled by pressure sensor and drain tap decomposition pressure, using existing base Real-time monitoring is realized to pressure value in 1 body of fermenting case based on the pid control algorithm of genetic algorithm.Use leading function sets The value of pressure value control ratio, design parameter adjustment mode are as follows:
SF1It (n) is that fermenting case 1 sets pressure control values, PF1It (n) is 1 actual pressure value of fermenting case；
β6It is temperature deviation amplification coefficient, difference limit is assumed to be α6, 0 < α6≤0.01。α6Value and β6It is inversely proportional, α6 Smaller then pressure divergence amplification coefficient increases.
Such as-α6≤EF1(n)≤α6, then error is amplified:
EF2(n)=β6*EF1(n) (11)
To EF2(n) setting range: | EF2(n) |≤0.01, i.e. permission pressure value error SF in ± 1%, formula (12)2 (n) it is 1 actual pressure controlling value of n moment fermenting case:
SF2(n)=(1+ β 6*EF1(n))SF1(n) (12)
β is constantly fed back and adjusted by closed loop controller6, so that the pressure jitter range of fermenting case 1 be -0.01Mpa~ 0.01Mpa。
Gas concentration monitoring: by O2、CO2The input of sensor and air inlet air blower flow, air exhauster flow composition control Output configuration, using having based on the pid control algorithm based on genetic algorithm to O in 1 cabinet of fermenting case2、CO2Concentration value is real Existing real-time monitoring.Use leading function sets O2、CO2Concentration value controls the value of ratio, and design parameter adjustment mode is (with O2It is dense For degree control) as follows:
SO1It (n) is that fermenting case 1 sets O2Concentration controlling value, PO1It (n) is the practical O of fermenting case 12Concentration value；
β4It is O2Concentration deviation amplification coefficient, difference limit are assumed to be α4, 0 < α4≤0.05。α4Value and β4It is inversely proportional, α4Smaller then O2Concentration deviation amplification coefficient increases.
Such as-α4≤EO1(n)≤α4, then error is amplified:
EO2(n)=β4*EO1(n) (14)
To EO2(n) setting range: | EO2(n) |≤0.05, i.e. permission O2Concentration error SO in ± 5%, formula (15)2 It (n) is the practical O of n moment fermenting case 12Concentration controlling value:
SO2(n)=(1+ β4*EO1(n))SO1(n) (15)
β is constantly fed back and adjusted by closed loop controller4, so that the O of fermenting case 12Concentration is 5%~25%.
Similarly, CO2Concentration measurement and control process includes: by controller feedback adjustment β5, so that the CO of fermenting case 12Concentration exists 300ppm~400ppm, wherein β5Meet condition SCO2(n)=(1+ β5*ECO1(n))SCO1(n), SCO2It (n) is to send out at the n moment The practical CO of ferment case 12Concentration controlling value,SCO1It (n) is that fermenting case 1 sets CO2Concentration Controlling value, PCO1It (n) is the practical CO of fermenting case 12Concentration value.
Layer frame transmission monitoring: with the difference of space temperature and temperature of charge in fermenting case 1, O in fermenting case 12Concentration and material O2 The difference of concentration is as input quantity, to control the motor operation speed of 201 transmission speed of layer frame as output quantity, input quantity and output Amount composition input and output configuration controls the difference of space temperature and temperature of charge in fermenting case 1 and controls in fermenting case 1 in 0.5 DEG C O2Concentration and material O2The difference of concentration is in 1%.
Traditional uses analog quantity as the system of velocity feedback parameter, due to by non-linear, temperature change and component ageing Etc. factors influence, it is very difficult to meet the requirement of the rapidity and accuracy of control process.Therefore be considered as using it is high performance with Digital quantity completes the mode of feedback and traditional pid control algorithm is combined to realize high speed, high-precision control.
201 speed control system of layer frame is by computer, pid control module, AC servo, sensor detection unit 4 A part composition.Computer is connected by isa bus with the encoder of pid control module, and isa bus transmission speed can be passed through Or position command, setting PID adjustment parameter, line number of going forward side by side mould (D/A) conversion.Analog signal after conversion is put by AC servo Ac motor is driven after big device amplification.Motor shaft end is equipped with incremental optical-electricity encoder, provides feedback signal by encoder, Numbered card adds up feedback pulse number, forms the velocity feedback of servo-system, group afterwards compared with the command pulse for representing given speed At a closed-loop system.After the deviation of computer given speed and actual speed (speed fed back), according to deviation range It takes corresponding pid parameter to be arranged, speed control signal is become into analog control voltage through digital-to-analogue conversion, and export and put to servo Big device adjusts motor operation speed, completes desired speed control requirement.Closed-loop control system block diagram is as shown in figure 12.
As shown in figure 12, circuit output is adjusted in PID controller, and system is made to reach stable state.Deviation e and input quantity R, the relationship of output quantity c, n therein are temperature value t and oxygen content value O in the cabinet monitored by sensor2It is a certain Moment:
E (n)=r (n)-c (n) (16)
The output of PID controller are as follows:
In formula (17), u (n) is the output of pid loop；KPFor rate mu-factor；TiFor the time of integration；TdWhen for differential Between.
The transfer function of PID regulator are as follows:
For that continuous function discretization need to be calculated description continuous time PID convenient for this functional relation of computer disposal The differential equation of method becomes describing the difference equation of discrete time PID, respectively obtains the different outputs at n moment and n-1 moment Value:
When to eliminate the beginning of process, terminating or substantially increasing and decreasing setting value, the deviation that system output generates in the short time is led The integral of cause accumulates, and the biggish overshoot of system is avoided even to vibrate, and reducing motor, integral correction is to control in the process of running The influence for dynamic property of uniting, using integral separation PID controling algorithm.Equation is modified to the control amount increment side based on the moment Journey:
U (n)=u (n-1)-Δ u (n) (21)
Δ u (n)=KP[e(n)-e(n-1)]+βKIe(n)+KD[e(n)-2e(n-1)+e(n-2)] (22)
In formula, Δ U (n) corresponds to the increment of the n-th moment control amount, and β is the switching coefficient of integral term.Integral separation Pid control algorithm need to set integral separation threshold values ε.When | e (n) | when > ε, i.e., when deviation is larger, using PID control.It reduces super Tune amount, there is servo-system compared with fast-response；When | e (n) | when≤ε, i.e., when deviation is smaller, PID control is used to guarantee to watch Take the velocity control accuracy of motor.
In fermenting case 1 inoculation material acquisition process the following steps are included:
Fermentation materials are put into autoclave 701 from material input port 702 by step B1；
Step B2, fermentation materials sterilization in autoclave 701；
Step B3 cools down to material sterilization transfer pot 7；
The outlet of spiral agitator 704 and the feed inlet 101 of fermenting case 1 are aseptically connected to each other by step B4；
Strain is put into autoclave 701 from strain input port 703 by step B5；
Step B6, spiral agitator 704 work, by the sterilizing material and the mixed merga pass of access strain in autoclave 701 Feed inlet 101 is sent into fermenting case 1.
The invention also includes generate steam for 1 sterilization of fermenting case, the height of generation using material sterilization transfer pot 7 Warm aqua sterilisa (intermediate water) humidifies for fermentation.
Present invention incorporates turning over for the DYNAMIC SOLIDs Zymolysis Equipment such as the charging of the tray of shallow tray fermentation device and disc type fermentor Material, and more complete automation control is designed, the gas supply of matched material sterilization conveying equipment and air cleaning heating is set It is standby, the solid aerobic fermentation of whole-course automation can be carried out, especially suitable for fungi fermentation.
Matter Transfer is combined with melon wooden dipper formula elevator 3 with layer frame crawler belt fermentation bed 2 in the present embodiment, it is also possible to other types Elevator 3 and layer frame crawler belt fermentation bed 2；It is supplied in the present embodiment using air blast, it is also possible to sterile air conditioner；In the present embodiment Using PLC controller system, the intelligent controllers such as PAC, DCS and all kinds of professional instrument, sensor and network composition can also be used Control system, realize the automation control of industrial production full process.
The application of the invention applied in a kind of health care oral liquid Chinese medicine slag orientation fermentation mycoplasma feed addictive is given below Example.
1, Zymolysis Equipment:
Using intelligent biserial layer frame endless track formula Zymolysis Equipment: 2 area of fermentation bed: 1.5m × 5m × 4 layer × 2 column, 7 volume of material sterilization transfer pot: 500L.
2, dregs of a decoction raw material and test method:
2.1 culture base-materials are prepared: picking up from the fresh dregs of a decoction of Wang Zhonghua's health food company, 60-70 DEG C of drying crushes, and adds 20% nutrient base material (corn flour: wheat bran: bean cake powder=4:3:3) and suitable quantity of water prepare culture base-material, go out through 121 DEG C of high-temperature sterilizations Bacterium, it is spare.
2.2 fermentation process
It ferments for the first time: liquid candida utili strain is inoculated into autoclaved Chinese medicine slag culture by 5% amount In base, it is sent into fermenting case 1 (material thickness 5.0CM), 30 DEG C of constant temperature incubation 2d, until culture medium is covered with white thallus.
Second of fermentation: by cultured Chinese medicine slag mycoplasma for the first time, the liquid through the inoculation of incubator feed inlet 101 10% Pleurotus tuber-regium strain, 28 DEG C of constant temperature incubations, 2-3d, until covering with white hypha；60 DEG C of drying, crush, packaging.
2.3 testing and analyzing
(1) physicochemical property detects: the physicochemical properties such as measurement color, smell, pH value (water-leach liquor).
(2) main functional component detects:
Determination of polysaccharide: sulfuric acid-phynol method combination DNS colorimetric method measures polyoses content.
Total saponin content measurement: ultraviolet method surveys total soap (vanilla root rot colorimetric method).
(3) nutrient component determining: albumen, cellulose, fat, energy, amino acid and mineral element are measured according to a conventional method Deng.
(4) antibacterial power measurement: the Plus acidic protease hydrolytic of sample extracts filtrate, heat sterilization, and Odontothrips loti measures antibacterial Effect.
3, test result
The growing state of 3.1 bacterium
Saccharomycete and macro fungi in fermenting twice can in its culture medium and its environment normal growth (being shown in Table 1).
Growing state of 1 bacterium of table in health care oral liquid dregs of a decoction culture medium
Note: "+" visible bacterium on a small quantity, " ++ " volume bulk bacterium colony/silk, " +++ " bacterium colony/silk in flakes, " ++++" thallus cover with.
3.2 Major Components
(1) functional component and physical behavior measure: after secondary fermentation, polysaccharide and saponin extraction amount are increased considerably；PH value It reduces, fine and smooth, fragrance, glossy (being shown in Table 2).
2 secondary fermentation dregs of a decoction mycoplasma polysaccharide of table, saponin content and physicochemical character measurement result (3 average value)
(2) Determination of Antibacterial Activity: the dregs of a decoction mycoplasma extracting solution after fermentation in addition to streptococcus, has stronger 5 kinds of bacterium Antibacterial power, is shown in Table 3.
The bacteriostatic test result unit of 3 secondary fermentation dregs of a decoction mycoplasma leaching liquor of table: cm
(3) nutrient component determining:
Conventional nutrient assay: after dregs of a decoction secondary fermentation, protein increases by 48.75%；Its also have certain variation (see Table 4).
The conventional nutrients content (%) of 4 dregs of a decoction of table and secondary fermentation Chinese medicine slag
Contents of Amino Acids: each amino acid is in up-trend after dregs of a decoction fermentation, and total amino acid content improves 52.8%, wherein aromatic amino acid improve 98.7%, branched-chain amino acid improve 55.7%, linear chains of amino acids improve 32.7%, Acidic amino acid improves 45.45%, basic amino acid and improves 61.6%, hydroxy-amino-acid, 56.4% (being shown in Table 5) of raising.
The amino acid content (%) of 5 dregs of a decoction of table and secondary fermentation Chinese medicine slag
The embodiment of the present invention is described with above attached drawing, but the invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific Embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than limitation, those skilled in the art Under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, it can also make very much Form, within these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment, including fermenting case (1), feed inlet (101) are opened up on fermenting case (1) With discharge port (106), the fermenting case (1) is interior to be equipped at least one fermentation bed (2), which is characterized in that further includes elevator (3), the fermentation bed (2) includes at least two layers of crawler type layer frame (201), each layer frame (201) from bottom to top successively parallel laid, Each installation one is paved device (203) on each layer frame (201), and the moving direction of adjacent layer frame (201) is on the contrary, top layer's layer frame (201) Front end be equipped with receiving hopper (4), other layer frames (201) front end except top layer's layer frame (201) in addition to is equipped with backgauge slot (202), sends out It is equipped with the splicing groove (5) being located at below feed inlet (101) in ferment case (1), is equipped with the first agitating shaft in the splicing groove (5) (501) and the second agitating shaft (502)；The rear end of lowest level layer frame (201) is located above splicing groove (5)；Elevator (3) tool The feeding funnel (301) for having at least one that can move between splicing groove (5) and receiving hopper (4).
2. layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that elevator (3) tool Have endless belt conveyer (302), the feeding funnel (301) is set to the outside of annular driving band, and one end of endless belt conveyer (302) is stretched In to splicing groove (5), the other end of endless belt conveyer (302) is connected with receiving hopper (4).
3. layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include controller (6), Temperature monitoring unit (601) and/or humidity control unit (602) and/or pH value monitoring unit are additionally provided in the fermenting case (1) (603) and/or O2Concentration monitor unit (604) and/or CO2Concentration monitor unit (605) and/or pressure monitor unit (606) And/or layer frame transmission speed monitoring unit (607)；Each monitoring unit is electrically connected with controller (6).
4. layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include that material disinfection is gone out Bacterium transfer pot (7), the material sterilization transfer pot (7) include autoclave (701), and material throwing is opened up on autoclave (701) Entrance (702) and strain input port (703), autoclave (701) interior bottom are equipped with spiral agitator (704), spiral agitator (704) outlet can be connected to each other with the feed inlet (101).
5. layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include gas supply and circulation System (8), the gas supply and the circulatory system (8) include wind box (801), main tank (802), odd-side (803), air filter (804), air blower (805), pocket type air filter (806), heater (807), air supply tube (808) high efficiency particle air filter (809), air outlet (810), humidifier (9), exhaust blower (11).
6. such as layer frame endless track formula solid state fermentation equipment described in any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the hair Ferment case (1) cabinet is formed by the panel assembly of muti-piece sizing production.
7. a kind of process for solid state fermentation, which is characterized in that using such as layer frame endless track as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 Formula solid state fermentation equipment, comprising:
Step A1, inoculation material enter the splicing groove (5) in fermenting case (1) from feed inlet (101)；
Inoculation material in splicing groove (5) is transported to receiving hopper (4) by step A2, elevator (3) operating, feeding funnel (301)；
Step A3, inoculation material enter the front end of top layer's layer frame (201) from receiving hopper (4)；
Step A4, each layer frame (201) is mobile, when inoculum is expected up to upper layer layer frame (201) rear end, falls into through backgauge slot (202) Lower layer adjacent layer frame (201) front end, until inoculum expects the rear end up to lowest level layer frame (201)；
Step A5 is inoculated with material from the rear end of lowest level layer frame (201) and falls into splicing groove (5)；
Step A6 repeats step A2 to A5 until inoculation material fermentation is completed；
Step A7, the material fermented in splicing groove (5) send out fermenting case (1) from discharge port (106).
8. process for solid state fermentation as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that in inoculation material fermentation process, to fermenting case (1) temperature and/or humidity and/or pH value and/or CO2Concentration and/or O2Concentration and/or pressure and/or layer frame transmission speed into Row monitoring, in which:
Monitoring temperature process includes: by controller (6) feedback adjustment β1, so that the temperature of fermenting case (1) is at 20 DEG C~45 DEG C, Wherein, β1Meet condition SV2(n)=(1+ β1*EV1(n))SV1(n), SV2It (n) is the control of n moment fermenting case (1) actual temperature Value,SV1It (n) is fermenting case (1) set temperature controlling value, PV1It (n) is that fermenting case (1) is real Border temperature value；
Humidity control process includes: by controller (6) feedback adjustment β2, so that the humidity of fermenting case (1) is 70%~85%, Wherein, β2Meet condition SH2(n)=(1+ β2*EH1(n))SH1(n), SH2It (n) is the control of n moment fermenting case (1) actual humidity Value,SH1It (n) is fermenting case (1) setting humidity control value, PH1It (n) is that fermenting case (1) is real Border humidity value；
It includes: by controller (6) feedback adjustment β that pH value, which monitors process,3, so that the pH value of fermenting case (1) is 6~8, wherein β3 Meet condition SPH2(n)=(1+ β3*EPH1(n))SPH1(n), SPH2It (n) is the practical pH value controlling value of n moment fermenting case (1),SPH1It (n) is fermenting case (1) setting pH value controlling value, PPH1It (n) is fermenting case (1) Practical pH value；
O2Concentration measurement and control process includes: by controller (6) feedback adjustment β4, so that the O of fermenting case (1)2Concentration 5%~ 25%, wherein β4Meet condition SO2(n)=(1+ β4*EO1(n))SO1(n), SO2It (n) is n moment fermenting case (1) practical O2It is dense Controlling value is spent,SO1It (n) is fermenting case (1) setting O2Concentration controlling value, PO1It (n) is fermentation Case (1) practical O2Concentration value；
CO2Concentration measurement and control process includes: by controller (6) feedback adjustment β5, so that the CO of fermenting case (1)2Concentration is in 300ppm ~400ppm, wherein β5Meet condition SCO2(n)=(1+ β5*ECO1(n))SCO1(n), SCO2It (n) is n moment fermenting case (1) Practical CO2Concentration controlling value,SCO1It (n) is fermenting case (1) setting CO2Concentration control Value, PCO1It (n) is fermenting case (1) practical CO2Concentration value；
Pressure monitor process includes: by controller (6) feedback adjustment β6, so that the pressure jitter range of fermenting case (1) be- 0.01Mpa~0.01Mpa, wherein β6Meet condition SF2(n)=(1+ β6*EF1(n))SF1(n), SF2It (n) is n moment fermenting case (1) actual pressure controlling value,SF1It (n) is fermenting case (1) setting pressure control values, PF1(n) It is fermenting case (1) actual pressure value；
It includes: by controller (6) feedback adjustment β that layer frame transmission speed, which monitors process,7, make to control fermenting case (1) interior space temperature And the difference of temperature of charge controls fermenting case (1) interior O in 0.5 DEG C2Concentration and material O2The difference of concentration is in 1%；β7Meet Condition u (n)=u (n-1)-Δ u (n), u (n) are the output of pid loop, and Δ u (n) is the increment of the n-th moment control amount, Δ u (n)=KP[e(n)-e(n-1)]+β7KIe(n)+KD[e (n) -2e (n-1)+e (n-2)], the interior space temperature of fermenting case (1) and object Expect temperature difference Δ PV1(n) and fermenting case (1) interior O2Concentration and material O2The difference Δ PO of concentration1(n) make through processing synthesis e (n) For input quantity, motor operation speed by PID control signal u (n) for controlling layer frame (201) transmission speed is used as output quantity.
9. process for solid state fermentation as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that further include material sterilization transfer pot (7), institute Stating material sterilization transfer pot (7) includes autoclave (701), and material input port (702) and strain are opened up on autoclave (701) Input port (703), autoclave (701) interior bottom are equipped with spiral agitator (704), and the outlet of spiral agitator (704) can be with institute Feed inlet (101) is stated to be connected to each other；
In fermenting case (1) inoculation material acquisition process the following steps are included:
Fermentation materials are put into autoclave (701) from material input port (702) by step B1；
Step B2, fermentation materials are in autoclave (701) interior high-temperature high-voltage sterilizing sterilizing；
Step B3 cools down to material sterilization transfer pot (7)；
Step B4 is aseptically, opposite by the feed inlet (101) of the outlet of spiral agitator (704) and fermenting case (1) It connects；
Strain is put into autoclave (701) from strain input port (703) by step B5；
Step B6, spiral agitator (704) work by the material in autoclave (701) and access the mixed merga pass charging of strain Mouth (101) is sent into fermenting case (1).
10. process for solid state fermentation as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that further include utilizing material sterilization transfer pot (7) steam is generated for fermenting case (1) sterilization, is generated high-temperature sterilization water and is humidified for fermenting case (1).
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