CN110148647A - A kind of ultra-thin light-duty photovoltaic and photothermal composite component - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of ultra-thin light-duty photovoltaic and photothermal composite component, its main feature is that, photovoltaic module is made of metal substrate, EVA adhesive film, making herbs into wool cell piece, glue, light guide panel, EVA adhesive film is Nian Jie with metal substrate by making herbs into wool cell piece, and glue is filled in making herbs into wool cell piece flannelette, light guide panel is covered on glue surface again, and photovoltaic heat exchanger is tightly attached to metal backing.The present invention gives the heat exchange medium runners of different structure, have effectively achieved heat exchange between different medium (refrigerant, empty gas and water) and photovoltaic module.The present invention was both thin and light, and overall thickness is no more than 15 millimeters.Wherein, photovoltaic module is only 5 millimeters.Glue is filled in photocell making herbs into wool face, improves photronic energy conversion efficiency.Ultra-thin light photovoltaic module is combined with different structure heat exchanger, is met the requirement that the present invention uses function, cost performance, environmental suitability, has been expanded application field.

Description

An ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite module

technical field

The invention relates to solar energy utilization technology, in particular to an ultra-thin and light photovoltaic photothermal composite component.

Background technique

The development and utilization potential of solar energy is very huge. The efficiency of converting solar energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect of photovoltaic cells is generally only 10-20%. During the photoelectric conversion process of photovoltaic cells, the photovoltaic cells will heat up at the same time, and the working temperature will be higher, especially in summer. On a sunny day, the temperature can reach 70-80 °C. This part of the heat energy that is not converted into electrical energy will further increase the temperature of the photovoltaic cell, thereby reducing the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell by 3-6%. For this reason, the use of cooling energy conversion technology to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic cell can not only prevent the decline of the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also recover the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell for thermal utilization, realize the expansion of functions, and give full play to the high efficiency and high efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Cost advantage, overcoming the low efficiency and high cost disadvantage of photovoltaic modules, making them the most cost-effective.

At present, integrated photovoltaic modules have a wide range of application prospects, and integrated photovoltaic modules with high efficiency, light weight and good environmental adaptability have become the goals that designers are actively exploring.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide an ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite component, which is composed of a photovoltaic component and a heat exchanger, and is characterized in that: the photovoltaic component is composed of a metal substrate, an EVA film, a It consists of texturing cell, glue, light guide panel and junction box. EVA film bonds the texturing cell to the metal substrate, and fills the suede surface of the texturing cell with glue, and the light guide panel is then covered on the surface of the glue; The heat exchanger is a plurality of medium flow channels, and the medium flow channels are vertically arranged cold medium flow channels. The cold medium flow channel is composed of a metal base plate and a grooved plate, and the grooved surface of the grooved plate is in close contact with the grooved plate. The backside of the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module, that is, a sealed cooling medium flow channel is formed between the groove plate and the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module. The cooling medium flow passages are divided into two groups, the lower parts of the two groups of cooling medium flow passages are connected with each other, and a cooling medium inlet is arranged above the cooling medium flow passages of one group, and a cooling medium outlet is arranged above the cooling medium flow passages of the other group.

In the above technical solution, the medium flow channel is a vertically arranged air medium flow channel, and the air medium flow channel is composed of a metal substrate, a corrugated heat dissipation fin plate and a metal plate, and one side of the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate is closely attached to the On the back of the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module, the other side of the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate is covered with a metal plate, and the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate forms an air medium flow channel, and the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate forms a number of air medium flow channels that are vertical direction and parallel.

In the above technical solution, the medium flow channel is a vertically arranged water medium flow channel, and the water medium flow channel is composed of a metal substrate and a grooved plate, and the grooved surface of the grooved plate is closely attached to the back of the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module. , so that a sealed water medium flow channel is formed between the groove surface of the grooved plate and the metal substrate, and the heat preservation material is filled between the concave and convex surface of the grooved plate and the metal back plate. The water medium flow channels are arranged vertically and are divided into two groups, with a water inlet above each group and a water outlet below each group.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: first, the key component photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly is thin and light, with a total thickness of no more than 15 mm, wherein the photovoltaic assembly is 5 mm and the heat exchanger thickness is 8 mm. Second, the high-transparency glue is filled on the textured surface of the photovoltaic cell, so that the incident light is diffusely reflected in the glue, thereby improving the power conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. Third, the composite module composed of ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic modules and cooling medium flow channels can not only collect and utilize the heat of photovoltaic cells, but also the heat radiated by the surrounding air and sunlight; ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic modules and air The composite component composed of medium flow channels has simple structure and high cost performance. Fourth, it has a wide range of application fields, which can meet the requirements of different occasions, different cost performance requirements, and different environmental conditions.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite module using a refrigerant as a heat exchange medium according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of cooling medium flow channels in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite module using air as a heat exchange medium according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite module using water as a heat exchange medium according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the water medium flow channels in the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7 .

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a combined heat and power system constructed by using an ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite module using water as a heat exchange medium in the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a waterway structure after combining the ultra-thin light-weight photovoltaic photothermal composite modules in series and parallel with a large area in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In the above drawings, 10 is a light guide panel, 11 is a glue, 12 is a textured photovoltaic cell, 13 is an EVA film, 14 is a metal substrate, 101 is a mounting hole, 102 is a cooling medium inlet, 103 is a photovoltaic interface, 104 is The photovoltaic cell, 105 is the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module, 106 is the outlet of the cooling medium, 107 is the groove, 108 is the groove plate, 109 is the flow channel of the cooling medium, and 110 is the frame. 201 is the mounting hole for the composite module, 202 is the photovoltaic cell interface, 203 is the photovoltaic cell sheet, 204 is the metal substrate, 205 is the metal corrugated heat dissipation fin plate, 206 is the metal plate, 207 is the heat dissipation channel, 301 is the composite module mounting hole, 302 is the water inlet above the water medium, 303 is the photovoltaic interface, 304 is the photovoltaic cell, 305 is the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module, 306 is the water outlet below the water medium, 307 is the groove, 308 is the thermal insulation material, and 309 is the water medium flow channel , 310 is a metal plate, 311 is a grooved plate, 315 is a medium guide connection port, 316 is a reserved junction box installation port, 317 is a medium guide connection port, 320 is an ultra-thin flexible photovoltaic photothermal composite component, 321 is an insulated water tank, 322 is an insulated water tank with intelligent heating function, 323 is an electronically controlled water valve, 324 is an intelligent controller, 325 is a temperature sensor, 326 is an electronically controlled water valve, 327 is an intelligent heater, and 328 is a temperature sensor. 329 is the water inlet, 330 is the water outlet, 331 is the water inlet, 332 is the water inlet pipe, 333 is the water-passing branch pipe of several photovoltaic collectors in series, 334 is the photovoltaic photothermal composite component, 335 is the water outlet main pipe, 336 is the Outlet.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1, this embodiment uses an ultra-thin light-weight photovoltaic photothermal composite module with a cooling medium as a heat exchange medium, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 .

In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module is composed of a light guide panel 10, an adhesive 11, a texturing photovoltaic cell 12, an EVA adhesive film 13, and a metal substrate 14. Its structure is shown in FIG. 1, and the EVA adhesive film 13 is used for the texturing cell 12 is bonded to the metal substrate 14 , and the filling glue 11 is applied to the textured surface of the texturing battery 12 , and the light guide panel 19 is then covered on the surface of the glue 11 . Filling glue on the textured surface of the photovoltaic cell can make the incident light diffusely reflect in the glue, thereby improving the power conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 2 , the medium flow channel is a vertically arranged cooling medium flow channel 109 , and the cooling medium flow channel 109 is composed of a metal substrate 105 and a grooved plate 108 . The surface is close to the backside of the photovoltaic module metal substrate 105 , that is, a sealed cooling medium flow channel 109 is formed between the grooved plate 108 and the photovoltaic module metal substrate 105 . Referring to FIG. 3 , there are two groups of cooling medium flow channels in this embodiment, and the lower parts of the two groups of cooling medium flow channels are connected to each other. One group of cooling medium flow channels has a cooling medium inlet 102 above it, and the other group of cooling medium flow channels is provided with a cooling medium inlet 102 . There is a refrigerant outlet 106 above.

In this embodiment, the photovoltaic cells 104 can convert solar energy into electrical energy and output it, and then charge the refrigerant (R22 or R410 can be selected) in the refrigerant flow channel 109. Under the combined action of the compressor, the condenser and the evaporator, The following two aspects of heat energy exchange can be realized. One is that the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic cells 104 can be transferred to the cooling medium in the cooling medium flow channel 109 through the metal substrate 105. It can exchange heat with the surrounding sunlight and heat energy in the air. Through the circulation of the cooling medium in the cooling medium flow channel 109, the heat can be continuously transported from the composite assembly to the external heat storage device and fully utilized.

Embodiment 2, this embodiment uses an ultra-thin photovoltaic photothermal composite module with air as a heat exchange medium, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .

In this embodiment, the structure of the photovoltaic module is shown in FIG. 1 .

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the medium flow channel is a vertically arranged air medium flow channel, and the air medium flow channel is composed of a metal substrate 204 , a corrugated heat dissipation fin plate 205 and a metal plate 206 , One side of the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate 205 is closely attached to the back of the photovoltaic module metal substrate 204, and the other side of the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate 205 is covered with a metal plate 206, so that the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate forms an air medium flow channel, and the The corrugated heat dissipation fin plate forms several air medium flow channels which are vertical and parallel.

In this embodiment, the heat generated by the photovoltaic module is transferred to the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate 205 and the air in the heat dissipation channel 207 through the metal substrate 204 . Both the upper and lower ports are open, the heated air will be naturally discharged from the upper port of the heat dissipation channel 207 , and the surrounding unheated air will naturally be supplemented into the heat dissipation channel 207 from the lower port of the heat dissipation channel 207 .

If an exhaust fan is arranged at the upper or lower opening of the heat dissipation channel 207 of the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate 205, the heated air can be collected and utilized.

Embodiment 3, this embodiment uses an ultra-thin photovoltaic photothermal composite module with water as the heat exchange medium, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 .

In this embodiment, the structure of the photovoltaic module is shown in FIG. 1 .

In this embodiment, the water medium flow channel 309 is arranged vertically. The water medium flow channel 309 is composed of a metal substrate 305 and a grooved plate 311. The surface of the groove 307 of the grooved plate 311 is close to the back of the photovoltaic module metal substrate 305. A sealed water medium flow channel 309 is formed between the grooves 307 of the grooved plate 311 and the metal substrate 305 , and the insulating material 308 is filled between the uneven surface of the grooved plate 311 and the metal plate 310 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 , the water medium flow channels are divided into two groups, with a water inlet 302 above each group, and a water outlet 306 below each group, and the water medium flowing into the water inlet 302 is divided into four downwards, out of the water outlet 306 .

In this embodiment, a photovoltaic-photothermal integrated system is constructed with an ultra-thin and light-weight photovoltaic-photothermal composite component in water medium. As shown in FIG. 10 , in this system, the water medium pipelines of each ultra-thin light-weight photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly 320 are connected in parallel, while the circuits are connected in series. It flows into the thermal insulation water tank 321, and the ultra-thin and light photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly 320 generates electric energy and then inputs it to the intelligent heater 327. In order to make up for the lack of sunlight, the system is provided with a thermal insulation water tank 322 with intelligent heating function. The intelligent heater 327 can be If necessary, the water in the heat preservation water tank 322 is electrically heated. The intelligent controller 324, the temperature sensors 325, 328, and the electronically controlled water valves 323, 326 form a closed control loop, which controls the water intake time of the water inlet 329 in real time and controls the water intake time from the thermal insulation water tank 321 to the thermal insulation water tank 322. .

In some applications, several ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite modules can also be combined in series and parallel, thereby expanding the lighting area of photovoltaic cells and increasing the total heat collection capacity. Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the waterway structure after the series-parallel combination of ultra-thin and light photovoltaic photothermal composite modules is formed into a system. The water passage branch pipe 233 connects the water paths of the photovoltaic photothermal composite components 234 arranged vertically, the water inlet main pipe 232 communicates with the water inlet ends of several water passage branch pipes, and the water outlet main pipe 235 communicates with the water outlet end of the water passage branch pipe.

In the above three specific embodiments, the photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly is thin and light, wherein the photovoltaic assembly has a thickness of 5 mm, the heat exchanger thickness is 8 mm, and the total thickness of the composite assembly does not exceed 15 mm. The combination of photovoltaic modules and heat exchangers of different structures can expand its application field and meet the special requirements of use function, cost performance and environmental adaptability. It can realize cogeneration of heat and power, cogeneration of cooling and power, cogeneration of heat and power, and can be widely used in the power supply, cooling and heating of homes, institutions, schools, hospitals, and can replace air conditioners, water heaters and various heating devices.

Claims (5)

1. An ultra-thin and light photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly, which is composed of a photovoltaic assembly and a heat exchanger, is characterized in that: the photovoltaic assembly is composed of a metal substrate, an EVA film, a texturing cell, a glue, and a light guide panel. and a junction box, the EVA adhesive film bonds the texturing cell and the metal substrate, and fills the textured cell with glue, and the light guide panel is then covered on the surface of the glue; the heat exchanger is a number of medium flow channels, The medium flow channel is a vertically arranged cooling medium flow channel. The cooling medium flow channel is composed of a metal substrate and a grooved plate. A sealed cooling medium flow channel is formed between the plate and the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module. 2 . The ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling medium flow channels are divided into two groups, the lower parts of the cooling medium flow channels of the two groups are connected with each other, and one group of cooling medium flow channels is connected with each other. 3 . There is a cooling medium inlet above the flow channel, and a cooling medium outlet is arranged above the other group of cooling medium flow channels. 3 . The ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the medium flow channel is a vertically arranged air medium flow channel, and the air medium flow channel is radiated by a metal substrate, corrugated A fin plate and a metal plate are formed, one side of the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate is closely attached to the back of the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module, and the other side of the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate is covered with a metal plate, so that the corrugated heat dissipation fin plate forms an air medium flow The corrugated heat dissipation fin plate forms a plurality of air medium flow channels which are vertical and parallel. 4 . The ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the medium flow channel is a vertically arranged water medium flow channel, and the water medium flow channel is composed of a metal substrate and a groove. 5 . The grooved surface of the grooved plate is closely attached to the back of the metal substrate of the photovoltaic module, so that a sealed water medium flow channel is formed between the grooved surface of the grooved plate and the metal substrate, and the concave and convex surface of the grooved plate and the metal back plate Filled with insulating material. 5 . The ultra-thin and lightweight photovoltaic photothermal composite assembly according to claim 4 , wherein the water medium flow channels are arranged vertically and are divided into two groups, with a water inlet above each group and a water inlet below each group. 6 . There is a water outlet, and the water flowing into the water inlet goes down in four ways and flows out from the water outlet.