CN110080753A - Evaluation method and device are transformed in oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter - Google Patents
Evaluation method and device are transformed in oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 62
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/241—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection combined with solution mining of non-hydrocarbon minerals, e.g. solvent pyrolysis of oil shale
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of, and evaluation method and device are transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter, this method comprises: determining the dimensional information in crack based on the variation of microseismic signals frequency, determine that the energy size of microseismic signals portrays the energy dissipation rule in different scale crack；According to the earthquake magnitude of microseismic signals and the determination of accumulative event number and empirical b；The rock fracture mechanism identification feature RA critical value measured based on test and the vertical/horizontal wave amplitude of microseismic signals and amplitude time of origin that receive, differentiate the fracture mechanism of oil shale；Dimensional information, energy size, b value and RA value based on crack identify target microseismic signals, determine oil shale formation safety based on target microseismic signals and its position.The present invention can safety to oil shale formation and correctional effect carry out total evaluation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the real time monitoring fields of the Reservoir Fracture in oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation process, especially
It is related to a kind of oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation evaluation method and device based on microseism parameter.
Background technique
The description of this part, which is only provided, discloses relevant background information to the present invention, without constituting the prior art.
With gradually decreasing for conventional gas and oil resource reserve, the exploitation of unconventional petroleum resources is got the attention.Its
In, the one kind of oil shale as unconventional petroleum resources is expected to become the important strategic energy because its reserves is huge.
The key of oil shale exploitation is: kerogen therein is converted liquid and gaseous state, i.e. shale under the high temperature conditions
Oil and hydrocarbon mixture gas product.Currently, carrying out In Situ Heating in oil shale formation decomposes the master that kerogen is oil shale exploitation
Want technique.In the development process, because of thermal decomposition kerogenic in oil shale, a large amount of different rulers can be generated inside oil shale layer
The crack of degree.With kerogenic a large amount of decomposition, a part of microcrack in oil shale formation is fused to macroscopical large scale crack,
Another part microcrack constitutes microcrack band and forms oil gas high permeability zones.
Since the formation in different scale crack can release as seismic signal, thus micro seismic monitoring inverting focus can be passed through
Position and local mechanical response characteristic evaluate the safety of well week reservoir, and then evaluable reservoir reconstruction effect.However, being based on
The micro seismic monitoring signal of high temperature oil shale, the generation and extension for how determining high-temperature induction crack are currently without reference standard.Cause
This, it is desirable to provide a kind of oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation evaluation method and device based on microseism parameter, it is existing to overcome
The defect of technology.
It should be noted that the above description of the technical background be intended merely to it is convenient to technical solution of the present invention carry out it is clear,
Complete explanation, and facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art and illustrate.Cannot merely because these schemes of the invention
Background technology part is expounded and thinks that above-mentioned technical proposal is known to those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention be the provision of it is a kind of based on microseism parameter oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation comment
Valence method and apparatus extract effective information from microseism characteristic signal, analyze oil shale formation according to different effective informations
The fracture pattern that middle thermal damage generates, safety and correctional effect to oil shale formation carry out total evaluation.
The application embodiment discloses a kind of appraisal procedure of oil shale formation safety, comprising:
Determine that oil shale formation is heated the dimensional information of rear created fractures based on the variation of microseismic signals frequency, it is described to split
The dimensional information of seam includes the size in crack and the number in crack；
It portrays the envelopes of the microseismic signals based on the waveform of microseismic signals and determines the energy of microseismic signals, according to described
The size of energy portrays the energy dissipation rule that different scale crack is generated in oil shale temperature-rise period, and is advised based on energy dissipation
The propagation behavior of the heating power induced fractures of the energy power quantitative assessment oil shale formation indicated in rule；
Empirical b relevant to vibration activity is determined according to the magnitude M of microseismic signals and accumulative event number N, according to b value
Size and variation judge the strong and weak changing rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process, to predict that oil shale destroys trend；
The rock fracture mechanism identification feature RA critical value measured based on test and the vertical/horizontal wave amplitude of microseismic signals received
Value and amplitude time of origin, differentiate that the fracture mechanism of oil shale, the fracture mechanism include: the drawing in crack, cut destruction；
Obtained according to above-mentioned based on microseismic signals: the dimensional information in the crack, the microseismic signals energy size,
B value and RA value identify target microseismic signals, determine oil shale formation safety based on the target microseismic signals and its position.
In one preferred embodiment, the method also includes: apart from producing well preset distance be arranged monitoring well, institute
It states in monitoring well and is intervally distributed with multi-component and multilevel geophone along depth direction, the position of the microseismic signals connects according to the wave detector
The time for receiving microseismic signals determines.
In one preferred embodiment, the variation based on microseismic signals frequency determines that oil shale formation is heated
Afterwards the dimensional information of created fractures include: when the microseismic signals frequency is lower than predetermined value, indicate in oil shale formation due to
The crack that thermal damage generates has multiple lesser microcracks to run through for biggish crack；Make a reservation for when the microseismic signals frequency is higher than
When value, indicate there are multiple smaller microcracks to be formed in oil shale formation.
In one preferred embodiment, described based on the energy power quantitative assessment oil indicated in energy dissipation rule
The propagation behavior of the heating power induced fractures of shale reservoir includes: to show heat when the energy of the microseismic signals is higher than predetermined value
It is more to damage the microcrack generated；When the energy of the microseismic signals is lower than predetermined value, show that microcrack is generated less or split
Seam runs through.
In one preferred embodiment, described to be judged in reservoir oil shale destructive process according to b value size and variation
Strong and weak changing rule include: when the b value of microseismic signals lower than predetermined value or reduce when, indicate oil shale formation in destruction
It is more strong.
In one preferred embodiment, the method also includes: oil shale formation is judged according to the fracture mechanism
The crack form that thermal damage generates: the crack generated when RA value is greater than critical value for failure by shear；When RA value is less than critical value
Shi Zewei includes the crack that the combined failure of failure by shear generates.
In one preferred embodiment, the target microseismic signals are low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value
For indicating the microseismic signals quickly formed in large scale crack.
In one preferred embodiment, if the target microseismic signals appear near wellbore, wellbore stability is indicated
Property is just destroyed rapidly；If the target microseismic signals appear in target transformation layer position, indicate that correctional effect is ideal.
A kind of oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation evaluating apparatus based on microseism parameter, comprising:
Frequency identification module, for determining that oil shale formation is heated rear created fractures based on the variation of microseismic signals frequency
Dimensional information, the dimensional information in the crack includes the size in crack and the number in crack；
Energy determining module, the envelope for portraying the microseismic signals for the waveform based on microseismic signals determine that microseism is believed
Number energy, according to the size of the energy portray in oil shale temperature-rise period generate different scale crack energy dissipation advise
Rule, and the extension row of the heating power induced fractures based on the energy power quantitative assessment oil shale formation indicated in energy dissipation rule
For；
Empirical determining module, for according to the magnitude M of microseismic signals and accumulative event number N determination and vibration activity phase
The empirical b of pass judges the strong and weak changing rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process according to b value size and variation, with prediction
Oil shale destroys trend；
Fracture mechanism discrimination module, for rock fracture mechanism identification feature RA critical value and reception based on test measurement
The vertical/horizontal wave amplitude of the microseismic signals arrived and amplitude time of origin differentiate that the fracture mechanism of oil shale, the fracture mechanism include:
Destruction is cut in the drawing in crack；
Safety analysis module, for being obtained according to above-mentioned based on microseismic signals: the dimensional information in the crack, described
Energy size, b value and the RA value of microseismic signals identify target microseismic signals, true based on the target microseismic signals and its position
Stand oil shale reservoir safety.
In one preferred embodiment, the target microseismic signals are low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value
For indicating the microseismic signals quickly formed in large scale crack.
The features and advantages of the invention are: the oil shale formation based on microseism parameter provided in the application embodiment
Evaluation method and device are transformed in In Situ Heating, by being analyzed and processed to microseismic signals, obtain the dimensional information, described in crack
Energy size, b value and the RA value of microseismic signals are then based on above-mentioned parameter and identify low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA
The target microseismic signals of value finally determine that oil shale formation safety and transformation are imitated based on the target microseismic signals and its position
Fruit carries out total evaluation.
Referring to following description and accompanying drawings, specific implementations of the present application are disclosed in detail, specify the original of the application
Reason can be in a manner of adopted.It should be understood that presently filed embodiment is not so limited in range.In appended power
In the range of the spirit and terms that benefit requires, presently filed embodiment includes many changes, modifications and is equal.
The feature for describing and/or showing for a kind of embodiment can be in a manner of same or similar one or more
It uses in a other embodiment, is combined with the feature in other embodiment, or the feature in substitution other embodiment.
It should be emphasized that term "comprises/comprising" refers to the presence of feature, one integral piece, step or component when using herein, but simultaneously
It is not excluded for the presence or additional of one or more other features, one integral piece, step or component.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that evaluation side is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter provided in embodiment of the present invention
The step flow chart of method；
Fig. 2 is microseismic detection schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of microcrack and through crack；
Fig. 4 is microseismic signals schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for seeking b value；
Fig. 6 a is the schematic diagram of oil shale tension rupture；
Fig. 6 b is that RA value corresponding with Fig. 6 a seeks schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 a is the schematic diagram of oil shale shear fracture；
Fig. 7 b is that RA value corresponding with Fig. 7 a seeks schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is F type signal schematic representation.
Description of symbols:
1, producing well；2, monitoring well；3, microseismic signals；4, wave detector；5, microcrack；6, through crack.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the drawings and the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, details of the invention can clearly be understood.But
It is the specific embodiment of invention described herein, purpose for explaining only the invention, and cannot understand in any way
At being limitation of the present invention.Under the teachings of the present invention, technical staff is contemplated that based on any possible change of the invention
Shape, these are regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention.It should be noted that when element is referred to as " being set to " another yuan
Part, it can directly on the other element or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection "
Another element, it can be directly to another element or may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term " installation ",
" connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be mechanical connection or electrical connection, are also possible to inside two elements
Connection, can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art,
The concrete meaning of above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be.Term as used herein " vertical ", " horizontal ",
"upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar statement for illustrative purposes only, are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and the technical field for belonging to the application
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.The term used in the description of the present application is intended merely to description tool herein
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in limitation the application.Term as used herein "and/or" includes one or more
Any and all combinations of relevant listed item.
The present invention provides a kind of, and evaluation method and device are transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter,
Effective information is extracted from microseism characteristic signal, is split according to what thermal damage in different effective information analysis oil shale formations generated
Slit state, safety and correctional effect to oil shale formation carry out total evaluation.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, it is in situ that a kind of oil shale formation based on microseism parameter is provided in this specification embodiment
Heating transformation evaluation method, as shown in Figure 1, this method mainly includes the following steps:
Step S10: determine that oil shale formation is heated the scale letter of rear created fractures based on the variation of microseismic signals frequency
Breath, the dimensional information in the crack include crack size and crack number；
Step S12: being portrayed the envelopes of the microseismic signals and determined the energy of microseismic signals based on the waveform of microseismic signals,
The energy dissipation rule for generating different scale crack in oil shale temperature-rise period is portrayed according to the size of the energy, and is based on energy
The propagation behavior of the heating power induced fractures of the energy power quantitative assessment oil shale formation indicated in amount Dissipative Law；
Step S14: empirical relevant to vibration activity is determined according to the magnitude M of microseismic signals and accumulative event number N
B judges the strong and weak changing rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process according to b value size and variation, to predict that oil shale destroys
Gesture；
The microseismic signals that step S16: mechanism identification feature RA critical value based on the rock fracture for testing measurement and is received
Vertical/horizontal wave amplitude and amplitude time of origin differentiate that the fracture mechanism of oil shale, the fracture mechanism include: the drawing in crack, break
Bad behavior；
Step S18: it is obtained according to above-mentioned based on microseismic signals: the dimensional information in the crack, the microseismic signals
Energy size, b value and RA value identify target microseismic signals, determine that oil shale stores up based on the target microseismic signals and its position
Layer safety.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, 1 preset distance of producing well setting monitoring well 2, the monitoring can be spaced
Multi-component and multilevel geophone 4 is intervally distributed with along depth direction in well 2.For the wave detector 4 for obtaining microseismic signals 3, which can
To be electrically connected with ground control system.Ground control system can be transferred to after wave detector 4 receives the microseismic signals 3.
Ground control system can be analyzed and processed microseismic signals 3, to judge the safety of oil shale formation.Wherein, described
It is determined according to the time that the wave detector 4 receives microseismic signals 3 position of microseismic signals 3.
As shown in figure 3, ground control system when being analyzed and processed, can be distinguished based on the variation of microseismic signals frequency
The scale of oil shale high temperature created fractures.The scale in the crack mainly includes the size in crack and how many.Specifically, when described
When microseismic signals frequency is lower, such as less than predetermined value when, indicate oil shale formation in due to thermal damage generate crack have it is more
It is biggish through crack 6 that a lesser microcrack 5, which runs through,；When the microseismic signals frequency is higher, such as higher than predetermined value
When, indicate there are multiple formation of lesser microcrack 5 in oil shale formation.Wherein, the specific value of the predetermined value can be pre- advanced
Row measurement, the application do not make unique limit herein.
Microseismic signals waveform by that can determine the energy of microseismic signals by way of portraying envelope.Based on the energy
Size, can portray in oil shale temperature-rise period generate different scale crack energy dissipation rule, and be based on energy dissipation
Strong and weak quantitative assessment oil shale formation heating power induced fractures propagation behavior (fast or slow).Specifically, according to the energy
Size portray in oil shale temperature-rise period generate different scale crack energy dissipation rule include: when the microseismic signals 3
Energy it is higher when, such as when higher than predetermined value, the microcrack 5 for showing that thermal damage generates is more；When the energy of the microseismic signals 3
When measuring lower, such as less than predetermined value when, show that microcrack 5 generates less or crack and runs through, formed through crack 6.Its
In, the specific value of the predetermined value can be measured in advance, and the application does not make unique limit herein.
It determines and shakes according to the magnitude M of microseismic signals 3 and accumulative event number N (N indicates that earthquake magnitude is not less than the microseism frequency of M)
The relevant empirical b value of activity；The strong and weak variation rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process are judged according to b value size and variation
Rule, for predicting that oil shale destroys trend.Wherein, when b value is lower, less than predetermined value (i.e. b value stage at a low ebb) or b value
When reduction, indicate that destruction is more strong in oil shale formation.If the lower or reduced microseismic signals of expression b value occur
Show that sidewall safety is weaker around the borehole wall.Wherein, the specific value of the predetermined value can be measured in advance, and the application is herein
Unique limit is not made.
In analysis, it is also based on RA critical value (the rock fracture mechanism knowledge that vertical shear wave waveform determines of test measurement
Other characteristic value, the difference of Crack failure behavior lead to that wave frequency rate is of different sizes in length and breadth and then leads to the difference of RA critical value), pass through
The vertical/horizontal wave amplitude of the microseismic signals received and amplitude time of origin differentiate the fracture mechanism of oil shale under hot conditions, that is, split
Pulling open for seam is bad, cuts destruction.Wherein, the crack form of oil shale formation thermal damage generation is judged also according to fracture mechanism,
The crack generated when RA value is greater than critical value for failure by shear is then answering comprising failure by shear when RA value is less than critical value
Close the crack destroyed and generated.
Obtained according to above-mentioned based on microseismic signals: the dimensional information in the crack, the microseismic signals energy size,
B value and RA value identify target microseismic signals, determine oil shale formation safety based on the target microseismic signals and its position.
Wherein, the target microseismic signals (abbreviation F type signal) of low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value indicate large scale
The quick formation in crack.If F type signal source appears near wellbore, indicate that borehole wall stability just destroys rapidly；If F type signal goes out
Layer position is transformed in present target, indicates that correctional effect is ideal.
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides one kind by analyzing microseismic signals feature to oil shale in temperature-rise period
The method that reservoir carries out comprehensive evaluation, extracts effective information from microseism characteristic signal, is analyzed according to different effective informations
The fracture pattern that thermal damage generates in oil shale formation, and total evaluation is carried out to oil shale formation.
The oil shale provided herein based on microseism parameter is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments
Evaluation method is transformed in reservoir In Situ Heating.
Specifically, disclosing a kind of utilization microseismic signals feature evaluation heating that can be applied to scene in present specification
The method of oil shale formation safety in the process, method includes the following steps:
As shown in Fig. 2, being provided with producing well 1 in oil shale formation to be detected, it is spaced 1 certain distance of producing well setting
There is monitoring well 2.The producing well 1 is provided with perforated interval, which is located in oil-bearing reservoir.Along depth side in the monitoring well 2
To multi-component and multilevel geophone 4 is distributed with.Specifically, the wave detector 4 can be three-component geophone.
After setting above-mentioned producing well 1 and monitoring well 2 in oil shale formation, heating can be carried out to oil shale formation and is opened
It adopts, and is analyzed after handling the microseismic signals 3 detected.Specifically, to microseismic signals 3 carry out processing may include
Following process.
As shown in figure 3, the fracture pattern generated first according to the height judgement of the frequency of treated microseismic signals 3.Specifically
, when 3 frequency of microseismic signals is lower, indicate in oil shale formation since the crack that thermal damage generates there are multiple lesser fine fisssures
It is biggish through crack 6 that seam 5, which runs through,；When 3 frequency of microseismic signals is higher, indicate there are multiple smaller fine fisssures in oil shale formation
Seam 5 is formed.
As shown in figure 4, then drawing the envelope of microseismic signals 3 in 3 schematic diagram of microseismic signals, microseismic signals 3 are calculated
Energy size；According to the energy size of microseismic signals 3, judge generation crack is how many in oil shale formation and whether passes through
It wears.Specifically, 3 energy of microseismic signals shows that thermal damage generates microcrack 5 when higher is more；When 3 energy of microseismic signals is lower
Show that microcrack 5 generates less or crack and runs through, forms through crack 6.
In the present embodiment, the specific evaluation criterion of microseismic signals energy size can need to pass through as the case may be
Test measurement.When carrying out measuring, the regularity of distribution of microseismic signals energy can be determined, then to different-energy
The microseismic signals of size are classified, and determine the criteria for classifying.For example, being higher than the first energy threshold then indicates the microseismic signals energy
It measures higher；Then indicate that the microseismic signals energy is lower lower than the second energy threshold.Wherein, first energy threshold or the second energy
Threshold value can may be a value range for a specific numerical value, and specific the application does not make specific limit herein.
As shown in figure 5, drawing the scatter plot of M and lgN, and linear fit is carried out, finds out the variation that value judges fracture behaviour
Process, wherein N is the microevent frequency that earthquake magnitude is not less than M, and lgN is that N is logarithm.
B value is the movable correlation experience constant of vibration, and b value characterizes in the period of somewhere section between different earthquake magnitude earthquakes
Proportionate relationship is the important parameter of seismic risk analysis, it is possible to instruct the change procedure of fracture behaviour.It can using Fig. 5
Directly to find out b value.Wherein, when b value is lower or reduces the stage, destruction is more strong in oil shale formation, indicates this
When reservoir safety it is lower.
In some embodiments, the critical value of b value can be determined by experiment out, be then based on the b value of measuring
Critical value, determine whether current b value is in reduced levels.It should be understood that b value under different application environments not
Together, numerical value can determine as the case may be, and the application does not make specific limit herein.
Then critical value (the rock fracture mechanism knowledge that vertical shear wave waveform determines of RA in oil shale formation is determined
Other characteristic value), further according to longitudinal and shear wave in microseismic signals is then different and magnitude determinations RA value, as shown in Fig. 6 b and Fig. 7 b, root
Microcrack producing method is judged according to RA value size.As shown in Figure 6 a, what is indicated is the schematic diagram of oil shale formation tension rupture,
Fig. 6 b is that RA value corresponding with Fig. 6 a seeks schematic diagram；As shown in Figure 7a, what is indicated is oil shale formation by shear fracture
Schematic diagram, Fig. 7 b be RA value corresponding with Fig. 7 a seek schematic diagram.It is generated when RA value is greater than critical value for failure by shear
Crack is then the crack that combined failure comprising failure by shear generates when RA value is less than critical value.
According to microseismic signals processing and analysis find out low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value target microseism letter
Number (abbreviation F type signal) such as the ab section in Fig. 8, and judges F type signal appearance position, if to appear in pit shaft attached for F type signal source
Closely, indicate that borehole wall stability just destroys rapidly；If F type signal appears in target transformation layer position, indicate that correctional effect is ideal.
Evaluation method is transformed in oil shale formation In Situ Heating provided in the application embodiment based on microseism parameter,
By being analyzed and processed to microseismic signals, the dimensional information in crack, the energy size of the microseismic signals, b value and RA are obtained
Value, is then based on the target microseismic signals that above-mentioned parameter identifies low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value, is finally based on institute
It states target microseismic signals and its position determines that oil shale formation safety and correctional effect carry out total evaluation.
Need it is described herein be, in present specification it is pointed it is low, high, large and small be all opposite concept, can
Specifically to set critical reference standard according to the scene of this method concrete application, without unclear problem.And by
Under different scenes, critical reference standard is different, and the application does not limit specifically herein.
In this specification, for a kind of oil shale formation add in-place based on microseism parameter provided in above embodiment
Provide to heat transformation being also adapted to property of evaluation method a kind of oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation evaluation dress based on microseism parameter
It sets, the apparatus may include:
Frequency identification module, for determining that oil shale formation is heated rear created fractures based on the variation of microseismic signals frequency
Dimensional information, the dimensional information in the crack includes the size in crack and the number in crack；
Energy determining module, the envelope for portraying the microseismic signals for the waveform based on microseismic signals determine that microseism is believed
Number energy, according to the size of the energy portray in oil shale temperature-rise period generate different scale crack energy dissipation advise
Rule, and the extension row of the heating power induced fractures based on the energy power quantitative assessment oil shale formation indicated in energy dissipation rule
For；
Empirical determining module, for according to the magnitude M of microseismic signals and accumulative event number N determination and vibration activity phase
The empirical b of pass judges the strong and weak changing rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process according to b value size and variation, with prediction
Oil shale destroys trend；
Fracture mechanism discrimination module, for rock fracture mechanism identification feature RA critical value and reception based on test measurement
The vertical/horizontal wave amplitude of the microseismic signals arrived and amplitude time of origin differentiate that the fracture mechanism of oil shale, the fracture mechanism include:
Destruction is cut in the drawing in crack；
Safety analysis module, for being obtained according to above-mentioned based on microseismic signals: the dimensional information in the crack, described
Energy size, b value and the RA value of microseismic signals identify target microseismic signals, true based on the target microseismic signals and its position
Stand oil shale reservoir safety.
Wherein, the target microseismic signals are the microseismic signals of low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value, for indicating
The quick formation in large scale crack.
The oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation evaluating apparatus based on microseism parameter can reach based on microseism parameter
The technical effect that oil shale formation In Situ Heating transformation evaluation method can reach, specifically, details are not described herein by the application.
Herein cited any digital value all include between lower limit value to upper limit value with the lower value of an incremented and
The all values of upper value, there are the intervals of at least two units between any lower value and any much higher value.For example, such as
Fruit elaborates that the quantity an of component or the value of process variable (such as temperature, pressure, time etc.) are from 1 to 90, preferably from 20
To 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, then purpose is arrived in order to illustrate also clearly listing such as 15 to 85,22 in the specification
68,43 to 51,30 to 32 is equivalent.For the value less than 1, suitably think that a unit is 0.0001,0.001,0.01,0.1.
These are only intended to the example clearly expressed, it is believed that all possibility for the numerical value enumerated between minimum and peak
Combination is all expressly set forth in the specification in a similar manner.
Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges all include all numbers between endpoint and endpoint.It is used together with range
" about " or " approximation " be suitable for two endpoints of the range.Thus, " about 20 to 30 " are intended to cover that " about 20 to about
30 ", including at least the endpoint indicated.
All articles and reference disclosed, including patent application and publication, for various purposes by quoting knot
Together in this.Describing combined term " substantially by ... constitute " should include identified element, ingredient, component or step and reality
Other elements, ingredient, component or the step of the basic novel feature of the combination are not influenced in matter.Using term "comprising" or
" comprising " describes the combination of element here, ingredient, component or step it is also contemplated that substantially by these elements, ingredient, component
Or the embodiment that step is constituted.Here by using term " can with ", it is intended to illustrate that " can with " includes described any
Attribute is all optional.
Multiple element, ingredient, component or step can be provided by single integrated component, ingredient, component or step.Optionally
Ground, single integrated component, ingredient, component or step can be divided into multiple element, ingredient, component or the step of separation.It is used to
The open "a" or "an" for describing element, ingredient, component or step is not said to exclude other elements, ingredient, component
Or step.
It should be understood that above description is to illustrate rather than to be limited.By reading above-mentioned retouch
It states, many embodiments and many applications except provided example all will be aobvious and easy for a person skilled in the art
See.Therefore, the range of this introduction should not be determined referring to foregoing description, but should referring to appended claims and this
The full scope of the equivalent that a little claims are possessed determines.For comprehensive purpose, all articles and with reference to including special
The disclosure of benefit application and bulletin is all by reference to being incorporated herein.Theme disclosed herein is omitted in preceding claims
Any aspect is not intended to abandon the body matter, also should not be considered as inventor the theme is not thought of as it is disclosed
A part of subject matter.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with
The difference of other embodiments, the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. evaluation method is transformed in a kind of oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter characterized by comprising
Determine that oil shale formation is heated the dimensional information of rear created fractures based on the variation of microseismic signals frequency, the crack
Dimensional information includes the size in crack and the number in crack；
It portrays the envelopes of the microseismic signals based on the waveform of microseismic signals and determines the energy of microseismic signals, according to the energy
Size portray in oil shale temperature-rise period generate different scale crack energy dissipation rule, and based on energy dissipation rule in
The propagation behavior of the heating power induced fractures of the energy power quantitative assessment oil shale formation of expression；
Determine empirical b relevant to vibration activity according to the earthquake magnitude of microseismic signals and accumulative event number, according to b value size with
Variation judges the strong and weak changing rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process, to predict that oil shale destroys trend；
Rock fracture mechanism identification feature RA critical value and the vertical/horizontal wave amplitude of microseismic signals that receives based on test measurement and
Amplitude time of origin differentiates that the fracture mechanism of oil shale, the fracture mechanism include: the drawing in crack, cut destruction；
According to it is above-mentioned based on microseismic signals obtain: the dimensional information in the crack, the energy size of the microseismic signals, b value
Target microseismic signals are identified with RA value, determine oil shale formation safety based on the target microseismic signals and its position.
2. evaluation method is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as described in claim 1, feature exists
In, further includes: apart from producing well preset distance setting monitoring well, multistage is intervally distributed with along depth direction in the monitoring well
The position of wave detector, the microseismic signals is determined according to the time that the wave detector receives microseismic signals.
3. evaluation method is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as described in claim 1, feature exists
In the dimensional information that the determining oil shale formation of the variation based on microseismic signals frequency is heated rear created fractures includes:
When the microseismic signals frequency be lower than predetermined value when, indicate oil shale formation in due to thermal damage generate crack have it is multiple
It is biggish crack that lesser microcrack, which runs through,；
When the microseismic signals frequency is higher than predetermined value, indicate there are multiple smaller microcracks to be formed in oil shale formation.
4. evaluation method is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as described in claim 1, feature exists
In the extension of the heating power induced fractures based on the energy power quantitative assessment oil shale formation indicated in energy dissipation rule
Behavior includes:
When the energy of the microseismic signals is higher than predetermined value, the microcrack for showing that thermal damage generates is more；
When the energy of the microseismic signals is lower than predetermined value, show that microcrack generates less or crack and runs through.
5. evaluation method is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as described in claim 1, feature exists
In described to judge that the strong and weak changing rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process includes: according to b value size and variation
When the b value of microseismic signals is lower than predetermined value or reduces, indicate that destruction is more strong in oil shale formation.
6. evaluation method is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as described in claim 1, feature exists
In, the method also includes: the crack form that oil shale formation thermal damage generates is judged according to the fracture mechanism:
The crack generated when RA value is greater than critical value for failure by shear；
It is then the crack that combined failure comprising failure by shear generates when RA value is less than critical value.
7. evaluation method is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as described in claim 1 to 6 is any,
It is characterized in that, the target microseismic signals are low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value for indicating the fast of large scale crack
The microseismic signals that speed is formed.
8. evaluation method is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as claimed in claim 7, feature exists
In if the target microseismic signals appear near wellbore, expression borehole wall stability is just destroyed rapidly；If the target microseism letter
Target transformation floor position number is appeared in, indicates that correctional effect is ideal.
9. evaluating apparatus is transformed in a kind of oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter characterized by comprising
Frequency identification module determines that oil shale formation is heated the ruler of rear created fractures for the variation based on microseismic signals frequency
Spend information, the dimensional information in the crack include crack size and crack number；
Energy determining module, the envelope for portraying the microseismic signals for the waveform based on microseismic signals determine microseismic signals
Energy portrays the energy dissipation rule that different scale crack is generated in oil shale temperature-rise period according to the size of the energy, and
The propagation behavior of heating power induced fractures based on the energy power quantitative assessment oil shale formation indicated in energy dissipation rule；
Empirical determining module, for relevant to vibration activity according to the magnitude M of microseismic signals and accumulative event number N determination
Empirical b judges the strong and weak changing rule in reservoir oil shale destructive process according to b value size and variation, to predict oily page
Rock destroys trend；
Fracture mechanism discrimination module for the rock fracture mechanism identification feature RA critical value based on test measurement and receives
The vertical/horizontal wave amplitude of microseismic signals and amplitude time of origin differentiate that the fracture mechanism of oil shale, the fracture mechanism include: crack
Drawing, cut destruction；
Safety analysis module, for according to it is above-mentioned based on microseismic signals obtain: the dimensional information in the crack, the microseism
Energy size, b value and the RA value of signal identify target microseismic signals, determine oil based on the target microseismic signals and its position
Shale reservoir safety.
10. evaluating apparatus is transformed in the oil shale formation In Situ Heating based on microseism parameter as claimed in claim 9, feature exists
In the target microseismic signals are the quick formation that low frequency, high-energy, low b-values and high RA value are used to indicate large scale crack
Microseismic signals.
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