CN110078529A - A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110078529A CN110078529A CN201910463949.8A CN201910463949A CN110078529A CN 110078529 A CN110078529 A CN 110078529A CN 201910463949 A CN201910463949 A CN 201910463949A CN 110078529 A CN110078529 A CN 110078529A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/515—Other specific metals
- C04B41/5155—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/88—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5276—Whiskers, spindles, needles or pins
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Abstract
The present invention relates to powdered metallurgical materials, and in particular to the silicon carbide whisker of different draw ratios is uniformly mixed by a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof；Polyethylene alcohol and water, industrial alcohol are mixed, colloid is uniformly made in heating stirring；Colloid and mixture are stirred evenly；Uniformly mixed powder is put into baking oven and is dried；The powder of drying is uniformly filled into mold, is suppressed using corresponding pressure and pressure maintaining, subsequent pressure release, demoulding；The blank that will be suppressed, is put into vacuum degreasing fritting furnace, sets temperature curve, carries out degreasing, ceramic preform is made in sintering；The ceramic preform that will be baked, is put into infiltration furnace, and aluminum solutions are immersed ceramic preform using differential pressure, obtain aluminium silicon carbide metal whisker composite after cooling.Product produced by the present invention has good anti-bending strength, tensile property, higher thermal conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to powdered metallurgical materials, and in particular to a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites and its preparation
Method.
Background technique
At present in aluminum matrix composite, the application prospect of aluminium silicon carbide material is than broader, especially in high-speed rail, new energy
In source automobile, generation of electricity by new energy project, IGBT module is in the growth of magnitude, and the heat-conducting substrate material of IGBT, is generally opened now
Begin to use aluminium silicon carbide material, this just brings the market being doubled and redoubled to aluminum silicon carbide composite material.
The molding mode of existing aluminium silicon carbide material has: powder metallurgic method, stirring casting method, hot-pressing and extrusion moulding, differential pressure
Method of impregnation etc.；It is all silicon carbide granule enhancement type regardless of any molding mode.The mechanical property of Particle reinforced composite
Very poor, especially ceramic particle enhances composite material, due to the brittleness of ceramics itself, there is very big advantage in terms of resistance to compression, but
It is in terms of bending resistance tension, test number almost can be ignored.Due to the defect of material itself, aluminium silicon carbide material is resulted in
Material is on complicated product without more developing and crossing over.
Existing aluminum silicon carbide composite material is all to use silicon carbide granule enhancement type compound, due to silicon carbide ceramics particle
Physical characteristic, cause composite material very poor in the technical indicator of terms of mechanics, be not applied to wider market segment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming drawbacks described above, the present invention sets about from raw material Micromechanics, the carbon of composite material
Silicon carbide particle is replaced with silicon carbide whisker, and the physical structure of raw material changes, to promote the bending resistance of entire composite material
Performance and higher elasticity modulus provide a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites, by mass, Researches On Whiskers
Are as follows: the silicon carbide whisker of the silicon carbide whisker of length 10um-40um and length 80um-150um according to the ratio mixing of 1:1-4 and
At.
Silicon-carbide particle in existing enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles is changed to silicon carbide whisker.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for preparing mentioned-above silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites, comprising:
(1) ingredient: the silicon carbide whisker of different draw ratios is uniformly mixed according to gradation ratio；
(2) colloid is prepared: polyethylene alcohol and water, industrial alcohol being mixed, it is the poly- of 5-20% that solution concentration, which is made,
Glycohol solution, and be heated to 60-150 DEG C and stir evenly, colloid is made；
(3) mixing: colloid and step (1) the gained mixture that step (2) prepares are stirred evenly, powder is formed；
(4) it dries: the powder that step (3) are uniformly mixed being put into baking oven and is dried for standby；
(5) it suppresses: getting mold ready, the powder that step (4) are dried uniformly is filled into mold, the pressure of 1-20MPa is used
Power and pressure maintaining compacting, subsequent pressure release, demoulding；
(6) be sintered: the blank that will be suppressed is put into vacuum degreasing fritting furnace, sets temperature curve, protects at 250 DEG C
Warm 2-4 hours progress degreasing is simultaneously warming up to 1500 DEG C with the rate of 5-10 DEG C/min and keeps the temperature 1-2 hours, later natural cooling
Obtain ceramic preform；
(7) infiltrate: the ceramic preform that will be baked is put into infiltration furnace, and aluminum solutions are immersed ceramics in advance using differential pressure
Product obtains aluminium silicon carbide metal whisker composite after cooling.
Further, in step (3), mixed powder humidity is 30-40%.
Further, in step (4), the powder humidity after drying is 8-20%.
Further, in step (5), the pressure of pressing process is 6-10MPa.
The present invention compared with prior art the utility model has the advantages that
1, silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by the present invention, tensile property anti-bending strength are substantially mentioned
It rises.
2, silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by the present invention, anti-bending strength are significantly improved.
3, silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by the present invention, silicon carbide body fraction is bigger, thermally conductive system
Number is higher.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites, wherein Researches On Whiskers are as follows: by mass, length 10um-40um
Silicon carbide whisker and length be 80um-150um silicon carbide whisker mixed according to the ratio of 1:1.
Preparation method:
(1) ingredient: according to gradation ratio by length be 10um-40um silicon carbide whisker and length be 80um-150um's
Silicon carbide whisker is uniformly mixed according to the ratio of 1:1；
(2) colloid is prepared: polyethylene alcohol and water, industrial alcohol being mixed, the poly- second that solution concentration is 20% is made
Enolate solution, and be heated to 150 DEG C and stir evenly, colloid is made；
(3) mixing: colloid and step (1) the gained mixture that step (2) prepares are stirred evenly, forming humidity is 40%
Powder；
(4) it dries: the powder that step (3) are uniformly mixed being put into baking oven and is dried, be dried to the mixture that humidity is 20%
It is spare；
(5) it suppresses: getting mold ready, the powder that step (4) are dried uniformly is filled into mold, the pressure of 20MPa is used
And pressure maintaining is suppressed, subsequent pressure release, demoulding；
(6) be sintered: the blank that will be suppressed is put into vacuum degreasing fritting furnace, sets temperature curve, protects at 250 DEG C
Warm progress degreasings in 4 hours are simultaneously warming up to 1500 DEG C with the rate of 10 DEG C/min and keep the temperature 2 hours, and natural cooling is made pottery later
Porcelain prefabricated component；
(7) infiltrate: the ceramic preform that will be baked is put into infiltration furnace, and aluminum solutions are immersed ceramics in advance using differential pressure
Product obtains aluminium silicon carbide metal whisker composite after cooling.
Embodiment 2
Silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites, wherein Researches On Whiskers are as follows: by mass, length 10um-40um
Silicon carbide whisker and length be 80um-150um silicon carbide whisker mixed according to the ratio of 1:2.
Preparation method:
(2) ingredient: according to gradation ratio by length be 10um-40um silicon carbide whisker and length be 80um-150um's
Silicon carbide whisker is uniformly mixed according to the ratio of 2:1；
(2) colloid is prepared: polyethylene alcohol and water, industrial alcohol being mixed, the polyethylene that solution concentration is 5% is made
Alcoholic solution, and be heated to 60 DEG C and stir evenly, colloid is made；
(3) mixing: colloid and step (1) the gained mixture that step (2) prepares are stirred evenly, forming humidity is 30%
Powder；
(4) it dries: the powder that step (3) are uniformly mixed being put into baking oven and is dried, it is standby to be dried to the mixture that humidity is 8%
With；
(5) suppress: get mold ready, by step (4) dry powder uniformly fill into mold, using 1MPa pressure simultaneously
Pressure maintaining compacting, subsequent pressure release, demoulding；
(6) be sintered: the blank that will be suppressed is put into vacuum degreasing fritting furnace, sets temperature curve, protects at 250 DEG C
Warm progress degreasings in 2 hours are simultaneously warming up to 1500 DEG C with the rate of 5 DEG C/min and keep the temperature 1 hour, and natural cooling obtains ceramics later
Prefabricated component；
(7) infiltrate: the ceramic preform that will be baked is put into infiltration furnace, and aluminum solutions are immersed ceramics in advance using differential pressure
Product obtains aluminium silicon carbide metal whisker composite after cooling.
Embodiment 3
Silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites, respectively wherein Researches On Whiskers are as follows: by mass, length 10um-
The silicon carbide whisker and length of 40um is that the silicon carbide whisker of 80um-150um is mixed according to the ratio of 1:4.
Preparation method:
(3) ingredient: according to gradation ratio by length be 10um-40um silicon carbide whisker and length be 80um-150um's
Silicon carbide whisker is uniformly mixed according to the ratio of 4:1；
(2) colloid is prepared: polyethylene alcohol and water, industrial alcohol being mixed, the poly- second that solution concentration is 10% is made
Enolate solution, and be heated to 110 DEG C and stir evenly, colloid is made；
(3) mixing: colloid and step (1) the gained mixture that step (2) prepares are stirred evenly, forming humidity is 35%
Powder；
(4) it dries: the powder that step (3) are uniformly mixed being put into baking oven and is dried, be dried to the mixture that humidity is 10%
It is spare；
(5) it suppresses: getting mold ready, the powder that step (4) are dried uniformly is filled into mold, the pressure of 10MPa is used
And pressure maintaining is suppressed, subsequent pressure release, demoulding；
(6) be sintered: the blank that will be suppressed is put into vacuum degreasing fritting furnace, sets temperature curve, protects at 250 DEG C
Warm progress degreasings in 3 hours are simultaneously warming up to 1500 DEG C with the rate of 7 DEG C/min and keep the temperature 1.5 hours, and natural cooling is made pottery later
Porcelain prefabricated component；
(7) infiltrate: the ceramic preform that will be baked is put into infiltration furnace, and aluminum solutions are immersed ceramics in advance using differential pressure
Product obtains aluminium silicon carbide metal whisker composite after cooling.
Embodiment 4: hardness is carried out to the silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites of embodiment 1-3 preparation and is stretched strong
Degree, anti-bending strength test, while same volume score enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles is tested, as a result see below
Table.
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles | |
| Silicon carbide body fraction vol | 48%vol | 55%vol | 63%vol | 63%vol |
| 25 DEG C of thermal conductivity w/mk@ | 247 | 286 | 325 | 218 |
| Bending strength/MPa | 413 | 467 | 511 | 395 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | 180 | 326 | 455 | 130 |
Test method:
1) silicon carbide body fraction is calculated using density/casting density of silicon carbide prefabricated component, and prefabricated component density uses row
Water law measurement obtains.
2) it thermal conductivity: is carried out using thermal conductivity instrument with along the embedded line-like electrical conductors (hot line) in the sample in specimen length direction
Local heating, hot line are loaded with the electric current of known constant power, i.e., constant with power on specimen length direction in time.From hot line
Power and turn-on current heating after the temperature of known two time intervals can be with calculation of thermal conductivity, the letter of this temperature rise and time
Number is exactly the thermal coefficient of tested sample.What we measured is the thermal coefficient at 25 DEG C.
3) bending strength uses bending resistance instrument, is detected using 3 bending methods.
4) tensile strength is detected using universal tensile testing machine.
As seen from the above table, silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites of the invention have good anti-bending strength, tension
Performance, higher thermal conductivity.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites, which is characterized in that by mass, Researches On Whiskers are as follows: length
The silicon carbide whisker of 10um-40um and the silicon carbide whisker of length 80um-150um are mixed according to the ratio of 1:1-4.
2. a kind of method for preparing silicon carbide whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:
(1) ingredient: the silicon carbide whisker of different draw ratios is uniformly mixed according to gradation ratio；
(2) colloid is prepared: polyethylene alcohol and water, industrial alcohol being mixed, the polyethylene that solution concentration is 5-20% is made
Alcoholic solution, and be heated to 60-150 DEG C and stir evenly, colloid is made；
(3) mixing: colloid and step (1) the gained mixture that step (2) prepares are stirred evenly, powder is formed；
(4) it dries: the powder that step (3) are uniformly mixed being put into baking oven and is dried for standby；
(5) suppress: get mold ready, by step (4) dry powder uniformly fill into mold, using 1-20MPa pressure simultaneously
Pressure maintaining compacting, subsequent pressure release, demoulding；
(6) be sintered: the blank that will be suppressed is put into vacuum degreasing fritting furnace, sets temperature curve, in 250 DEG C of heat preservation 2-4
Hour carries out degreasing and is warming up to 1500 DEG C with the rate of 5-10 DEG C/min and keeps the temperature 1-2 hours, and natural cooling is made pottery later
Porcelain prefabricated component；
(7) infiltrate: the ceramic preform that will be baked is put into infiltration furnace, and aluminum solutions are immersed ceramic preform using differential pressure,
Aluminium silicon carbide metal whisker composite is obtained after cooling.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (3), mixed powder humidity is 30-
40%.
4. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (4), the powder humidity after drying is 8-
20%.
5. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (5), the pressure of pressing process is 6-
10MPa。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111394715A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-10 | 湖南工程学院 | Silicon carbide particle and whisker mixture processing apparatus for aluminium base composite |
| CN111889686A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 陕西迈特瑞科技有限公司 | Method for reinforcing aluminium base composite material by high-strength silicon carbide particle and composite material thereof |
| CN113560541A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-29 | 珠海亿特立新材料有限公司 | Aluminum silicon carbide high-power LED radiator and preparation method thereof |
| CN115044842A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 珠海亿特立新材料有限公司 | Production system for preparing high-specific-rigidity aluminum silicon carbide structural part |
| CN115961170A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-04-14 | 江苏大学 | 600MPa strength level high-strength high-intergranular corrosion resistance SiCw reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111394715A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-10 | 湖南工程学院 | Silicon carbide particle and whisker mixture processing apparatus for aluminium base composite |
| CN111889686A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 陕西迈特瑞科技有限公司 | Method for reinforcing aluminium base composite material by high-strength silicon carbide particle and composite material thereof |
| CN115044842A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 珠海亿特立新材料有限公司 | Production system for preparing high-specific-rigidity aluminum silicon carbide structural part |
| CN113560541A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-29 | 珠海亿特立新材料有限公司 | Aluminum silicon carbide high-power LED radiator and preparation method thereof |
| CN115961170A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-04-14 | 江苏大学 | 600MPa strength level high-strength high-intergranular corrosion resistance SiCw reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115961170B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-06-14 | 江苏大学 | 600 MPa-strength high-intergranular corrosion-resistance SiCw reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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