CN110065933A - A kind of mixed base charcoal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of mixed base charcoal and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110065933A CN110065933A CN201910484838.5A CN201910484838A CN110065933A CN 110065933 A CN110065933 A CN 110065933A CN 201910484838 A CN201910484838 A CN 201910484838A CN 110065933 A CN110065933 A CN 110065933A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mixed base charcoals and preparation method thereof, by obtaining mixed base charcoal product after excrement preprocessing process, mixed process, pre-drying process, dehydration deoxygenation process, carbonisation, cooling, it is mixed using different type biomass to prepare charcoal, not only it can solve the difficult problem of human and animal excreta processing, but also can solve the disadvantage of traditional biological charcoal fertilizer efficiency deficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed base charcoals and preparation method thereof, belong to biomass recycling use field.
Background technique
Charcoal (biochar) is generated under conditions of complete or partial anoxic by thermal cracking, charing by biomass
A kind of height aromatization, slightly solubility solid matter.Charcoal possesses loose porous structure more, and specific surface area is huge.
In recent years, charcoal has attracted more and more extensive concern in application agriculturally as soil conditioner, fertilizer slow release carrier.
Charcoal belongs to one kind of black carbon (black carbon) on generalized concept.It is very extensive that it prepares raw material sources, and agricultural are discarded
Species: as all kinds of organic wastes generated in sawdust, shell, stalk and industry and city production and living all can serve as to make
The raw material of charcoal is taken, common charcoal includes coconut husk charcoal, charcoal, straw charcoal, bamboo charcoal etc..The country also has more with agricultural pair
Product pyrolysis obtains the patented invention of biomass.Although but this kind of charcoal has relatively rich pore structure, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc.
Plant nutrient content is extremely low, generally requires cooperation chemical fertilizer in application to enhance fertilizer efficiency.
The survival and development of the mankind are always along with the generation of a large amount of people and animal residue, with mentioning for people's life
Height, human and animal excreta also get worse the pollution of environment.It is shown according to version China Statistical Yearbook data in 2012, the end of the year in 2011
China's cattle-raising amount of livestock on hand 103,600,000, pork pig amount of livestock on hand 467,660,000, sheep amount of livestock on hand 282,350,000.Aquaculture it is quick
Development also brings a large amount of animal wastes.It is estimated that national 1 year human and animal excreta that can produce more than 3,800,000,000 tons.In human and animal excreta
It will cause water pollution and eutrophication if direct emission containing the substances such as a large amount of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium；Contain in excrement
There are a large amount of pathogen, is easy to cause the prevalence of extensive infectious disease；Organic matter rots to generate after decomposing and toxic have in fecal sewage
Evil gas, occurs stench.These seriously polluted soil, water body, atmosphere and biocoene, and generate to human health potential
It threatens.Although human and animal excreta is many kinds of, mostly has the characteristics that moisture content is high, is not easy to store, making moist perishable, causing
The problems such as transportation cost is big, storage space is big and processing cost is high.Therefore seeking suitable human and animal excreta processing method has now
Sincere justice and Commercial Prospect.
Therefore, it is mixed using different type biomass to prepare charcoal, both can solve asking for human and animal excreta processing difficulty
Topic, and can solve the disadvantage of traditional biological charcoal fertilizer efficiency deficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, provide a kind of mixed base charcoal and its
Preparation method, being mixed using different type biomass not only can solve the difficult problem of human and animal excreta processing to prepare charcoal, but also
It can solve the disadvantage of traditional biological charcoal fertilizer efficiency deficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of mixed base charcoal, including human and animal excreta and agricultural pair
Product, human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product volume ratio are 1:0.5 ~ 1:3.
Meanwhile the present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of mixed base charcoal, comprising the following steps:
(1) human and animal excreta excrement preprocessing process: is subjected to anaerobic fermentation stabilization processes；
(2) mixed process: human and animal excreta and broken agriculture and forestry organic waste material residue are sufficiently mixed by volume；
(3) it pre-drying process: is dried and dehydrated using the mixture that solar energy, wind energy or biological energy source obtain step (2)；
(4) it is dehydrated deoxygenation process: the mixture that step (3) obtains being put into pyrolysis material bin, material loading is greater than in storehouse
80%, heating；
(5) carbonisation: by complete deoxygenation process pyrolysis material bin be warming up to carburizing temperature, under carburizing temperature heat 1 ~
2h makes material sufficiently complete to be carbonized；
(6) after reaction warehouse is cooling, it can be obtained mixed base charcoal product.
Preferably, mixing water content of matter is brought down below 30% in the step (3).
Preferably, during the dehydration deoxygenation material bin heating temperature be 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, heating time be 20 ~
60min。
Preferably, the carbonisation heating rate is 5 ~ 30 DEG C/min.
Preferably, the carburizing temperature is at 400 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages:
(1) abundant processing has been carried out to human and animal excreta, has avoided the issuable environment of human and animal excreta and health problem；
(2) mixed base charcoal introduce in human and animal excreta the nutrients such as N P and K abundant and plant must microelement,
Chemical fertilizer use can be substituted；
(3) mixed base charcoal have agriculture and forestry by-product be pyrolyzed and generate abundant microcellular structure, have biggish specific surface area and
Adsorption capacity can improve soil, while solidify nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, increase fertilizer efficiency；
(4) stable fixed carbon is converted by the easy organic carbon that decomposes, reduces the discharge of carbon dioxide in atmosphere, is conducive to improve
Global climate change；
(5) as the non-chemical fertilizer of low cost, mixed base charcoal can provide the guarantor in yield for organic agriculture, green agriculture
Card, this mixed base charcoal preparation method is simple, controllable, easy to be implemented, the prospect with industrialization promotion, and significant warp
Ji benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of mixed base charcoal of the invention, including human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product, human and animal excreta and agricultural by-product
Object volume ratio is 1:0.5 ~ 1:3.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) human and animal excreta excrement preprocessing process: is subjected to anaerobic fermentation stabilization processes；
(2) mixed process: human and animal excreta and broken agriculture and forestry organic waste material residue are sufficiently mixed by volume；
(3) it pre-drying process: is dried and dehydrated using the mixture that solar energy, wind energy or biological energy source obtain step (2)；
(4) it is dehydrated deoxygenation process: the mixture that step (3) obtains being put into pyrolysis material bin, material loading is greater than in storehouse
80%, heating；
(5) carbonisation: by complete deoxygenation process pyrolysis material bin be warming up to carburizing temperature, under carburizing temperature heat 1 ~
2h makes material sufficiently complete to be carbonized；
(6) after reaction warehouse is cooling, it can be obtained mixed base charcoal product.
Embodiment 1
A kind of mixed base charcoal of the invention, including human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product, human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product body
Product is than being 1:0.5.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) human and animal excreta excrement preprocessing process: is subjected to anaerobic fermentation stabilization processes；
(2) mixed process: human and animal excreta and broken agriculture and forestry organic waste material residue are sufficiently mixed by volume；
(3) pre-drying process: being dried and dehydrated using the mixture that solar energy, wind energy or biological energy source obtain step (2), is mixed
It closes water content of matter and is down to 25%；
(4) it is dehydrated deoxygenation process: the mixture that step (3) obtains being put into pyrolysis material bin, material loading is in storehouse
85%, heating temperature is 150 DEG C, heating time 60min；
(5) carbonisation: being warming up to carburizing temperature for the pyrolysis material bin for completing deoxygenation process, and heating rate is 5 DEG C/min,
2h is heated at 400 DEG C, material is made sufficiently to complete to be carbonized；
(6) after reaction warehouse is cooling, mixed base charcoal product, yield 30% be can be obtained.
Embodiment 2
A kind of mixed base charcoal of the invention, including human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product, human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product body
Product is than being 1:2.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) human and animal excreta excrement preprocessing process: is subjected to anaerobic fermentation stabilization processes；
(2) mixed process: human and animal excreta and broken agriculture and forestry organic waste material residue are sufficiently mixed by volume；
(3) pre-drying process: being dried and dehydrated using the mixture that solar energy, wind energy or biological energy source obtain step (2), is mixed
It closes water content of matter and is down to 15%；
(4) it is dehydrated deoxygenation process: the mixture that step (3) obtains being put into pyrolysis material bin, material loading is in storehouse
90%, heating temperature is 200 DEG C, heating time 20min；
(5) carbonisation: being warming up to carburizing temperature for the pyrolysis material bin for completing deoxygenation process, and heating rate is 30 DEG C/min,
1h is heated at 550 DEG C, material is made sufficiently to complete to be carbonized；
(6) after reaction warehouse is cooling, mixed base charcoal product, yield 60% be can be obtained.
Embodiment 3
A kind of mixed base charcoal of the invention, including human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product, human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product body
Product is than being 1:3.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) human and animal excreta excrement preprocessing process: is subjected to anaerobic fermentation stabilization processes；
(2) mixed process: human and animal excreta and broken agriculture and forestry organic waste material residue are sufficiently mixed by volume；
(3) pre-drying process: being dried and dehydrated using the mixture that solar energy, wind energy or biological energy source obtain step (2), is mixed
It closes water content of matter and is down to 10%；
(4) it is dehydrated deoxygenation process: the mixture that step (3) obtains being put into pyrolysis material bin, material loading is in storehouse
90%, heating temperature is 175 DEG C, heating time 20min；
(5) carbonisation: being warming up to carburizing temperature for the pyrolysis material bin for completing deoxygenation process, and heating rate is 15 DEG C/min,
1h is heated at 500 DEG C, material is made sufficiently to complete to be carbonized；
(6) after reaction warehouse is cooling, mixed base charcoal product, yield 40% be can be obtained.
The present invention has carried out abundant processing to human and animal excreta, avoids the issuable environment of human and animal excreta and health is asked
Topic；Mixed base charcoal introduce in human and animal excreta the nutrients such as N P and K abundant and plant must microelement, can be with
Chemical fertilizer is substituted to use；Mixed base charcoal has the abundant microcellular structure of agriculture and forestry by-product pyrolysis and generation, has biggish
Specific surface area and adsorption capacity can improve soil, while solidify nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, increase fertilizer efficiency；Organic carbon conversion will easily be decomposed
For stable fixed carbon, reduce the discharge of carbon dioxide in atmosphere, is conducive to improve Global climate change；It is non-as low cost
Chemical fertilizer, mixed base charcoal can provide the guarantee in yield, this mixed base charcoal for organic agriculture, green agriculture
Preparation method is simple, controllable, easy to be implemented, the prospect with industrialization promotion, and significant economic benefit, environmental benefit and society
It can benefit.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of mixed base charcoal, characterized in that including human and animal excreta and agriculture and forestry by-product, the human and animal excreta and agricultural pair
Bulk product ratio is 1:0.5 ~ 1:3.
2. a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal according to claim 1, characterized in that the following steps are included:
(1) human and animal excreta excrement preprocessing process: is subjected to anaerobic fermentation stabilization processes；
(2) mixed process: human and animal excreta and broken agriculture and forestry organic waste material residue are sufficiently mixed by volume；
(3) it pre-drying process: is dried and dehydrated using the mixture that solar energy, wind energy or biological energy source obtain step (2)；
(4) it is dehydrated deoxygenation process: the mixture that step (3) obtains being put into pyrolysis material bin, material loading is greater than in storehouse
80%, heating；
(5) carbonisation: by complete deoxygenation process pyrolysis material bin be warming up to carburizing temperature, under carburizing temperature heat 1 ~
2h makes material sufficiently complete to be carbonized；
(6) after reaction warehouse is cooling, it can be obtained mixed base charcoal product.
3. a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal according to claim 2, characterized in that mixing in the step (3)
Water content of matter is brought down below 30%.
4. a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal according to claim 2, characterized in that during the dehydration deoxygenation
Material bin heating temperature is 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and heating time is 20 ~ 60min.
5. a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal according to claim 2, characterized in that the carbonisation heating speed
Degree is 5 ~ 30 DEG C/min.
6. a kind of preparation method of mixed base charcoal according to claim 2, characterized in that the carburizing temperature is 400
℃~550℃。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111218286A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-02 | 上海理工大学 | Pigeon manure-based biochar material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117645882A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-03-05 | 南京沿江资源生态科学研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing biochar by hydrothermal carbonization of human excrement and kitchen waste fermentation residues |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103274778A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing charcoal fertilizer |
| CN107099314A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-08-29 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of utilization agriculture and forestry organic waste material prepares long chain fatty acids and the method for nitrating carbon |
| CN108821917A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-16 | 湖南工业大学 | One kind having retain water and nutrients functional biological charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-06-05 CN CN201910484838.5A patent/CN110065933A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103274778A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing charcoal fertilizer |
| CN107099314A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-08-29 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of utilization agriculture and forestry organic waste material prepares long chain fatty acids and the method for nitrating carbon |
| CN108821917A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-16 | 湖南工业大学 | One kind having retain water and nutrients functional biological charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111218286A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-02 | 上海理工大学 | Pigeon manure-based biochar material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117645882A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-03-05 | 南京沿江资源生态科学研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing biochar by hydrothermal carbonization of human excrement and kitchen waste fermentation residues |
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Application publication date: 20190730 |