CN110065237A - The hot assistant metal of laser/thermoplastic friction hot pressing connects device and method - Google Patents
The hot assistant metal of laser/thermoplastic friction hot pressing connects device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110065237A CN110065237A CN201910333131.4A CN201910333131A CN110065237A CN 110065237 A CN110065237 A CN 110065237A CN 201910333131 A CN201910333131 A CN 201910333131A CN 110065237 A CN110065237 A CN 110065237A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开激光热辅助金属/热塑性塑料摩擦热压连接的装置及方法，装置包括工作台、激光加热器、旋转冲头和计算器控制系统，金属薄板与热塑性塑料板由上至下通过夹具固定于工作台上；所述旋转冲头与机床主轴连接，所述激光加热器置于旋转冲头的前方并与旋转冲头保持同速同向运动；所述激光加热器、旋转冲头分别与计算机控制系统电连接。本发明连接工艺简单，无需其他连接介质，可实现金属薄板与热塑性速率板的高效连接。
The invention discloses a laser heat-assisted metal/thermoplastic friction thermocompression connection device and method. The device includes a workbench, a laser heater, a rotary punch and a computer control system. The metal sheet and the thermoplastic plate are fixed from top to bottom by a clamp on the worktable; the rotary punch is connected with the main shaft of the machine tool, and the laser heater is placed in front of the rotary punch and keeps moving at the same speed and in the same direction with the rotary punch; the laser heater and the rotary punch are respectively connected to the The computer control system is electrically connected. The connection process of the invention is simple, no other connection medium is needed, and the efficient connection between the metal sheet and the thermoplastic rate plate can be realized.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及薄板材料连接新技术领域，尤其涉及激光热辅助金属/热塑性塑料摩擦热压连接的装置及方法。The invention relates to the new field of thin plate material connection, in particular to a device and method for laser heat-assisted metal/thermoplastic friction thermocompression connection.
背景技术Background technique
随着对节能减排的要求越来越高，采用“以塑带钢”成为结构轻量化的必由之路，例如纤维增强复合材料由于其优异的材料性能，在工程制造领域得到越来越广泛的运用。机械结构件中由此出现大量金属/热塑性塑料板异质叠层复合结构。该型结构设计过程中,实现两者的可靠连接是关键。目前常用的连接方法中，采用机械方法连接方法（如铆接、螺栓连接等）时，一方面由于连接件的存在增加了结构件重量，不利于轻量化；另一方面机械连接需要制孔，连接孔的存在会破坏结构的连续性，容易造成连接区域损伤，同时也难以满足结构密封性要求。胶接容易造成挥发性的环境污染，并影响操作者的身心健康。激光连接虽然速度快，但是容易导致层间烧蚀、气孔、连接强度较低等问题；而焊接用于金属/非金属这种物化性质差异大的材料时存在焊接性能差的问题，再加上热塑性塑料基体材料熔点低，传统焊接方式难以满足异质叠层结构的连接要求，无法实现优质高效连接。这些传统连接技术的缺陷限制了金属/热塑性塑料叠层结构的进一步应用，因此迫切需要开发新的连接技术,推动异质叠层复合结构走向实用化，这对于其它异种材料连接问题也有着重要的参考价值。As the requirements for energy saving and emission reduction are getting higher and higher, the use of "plastic strip steel" has become the only way to reduce the weight of the structure. For example, fiber reinforced composite materials are more and more widely used in the field of engineering and manufacturing due to their excellent material properties. . As a result, a large number of metal/thermoplastic sheet hetero-laminate composite structures appear in mechanical structural parts. In the design process of this type of structure, it is the key to realize the reliable connection between the two. Among the commonly used connection methods at present, when using mechanical connection methods (such as riveting, bolting, etc.), on the one hand, the existence of the connecting parts increases the weight of the structural parts, which is not conducive to light weight; on the other hand, the mechanical connection requires holes and connections. The existence of holes will destroy the continuity of the structure, which is easy to cause damage to the connection area, and it is also difficult to meet the structural sealing requirements. Bonding is easy to cause volatile environmental pollution and affect the physical and mental health of the operator. Although the speed of laser connection is fast, it is easy to cause problems such as interlayer ablation, pores, and low connection strength; while welding is used for materials with large differences in physical and chemical properties such as metal/non-metal, there is a problem of poor welding performance. The thermoplastic matrix material has a low melting point, and the traditional welding method is difficult to meet the connection requirements of the heterogeneous laminated structure, and cannot achieve high-quality and high-efficiency connection. The defects of these traditional connection technologies limit the further application of metal/thermoplastic laminate structures, so it is urgent to develop new connection technologies to promote the practical application of heterogeneous laminate composite structures, which is also important for other dissimilar material connection issues. reference value.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种可靠且高效的激光热辅助金属/热塑性塑料摩擦热压连接的装置及方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reliable and efficient laser heat-assisted metal/thermoplastic friction thermocompression bonding device and method.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
激光热辅助金属/热塑性塑料摩擦热压连接的装置，其包括工作台、激光加热器、旋转冲头和计算器控制系统，A device for laser heat-assisted metal/thermoplastic friction thermocompression bonding, which includes a table, a laser heater, a rotary punch and a computer control system,
金属薄板与热塑性塑料板由上至下通过夹具固定于工作台上；所述旋转冲头与机床主轴连接，所述激光加热器置于旋转冲头的前方并与旋转冲头保持同速同向运动；The thin metal plate and the thermoplastic plate are fixed on the worktable from top to bottom through the fixture; the rotary punch is connected with the main shaft of the machine tool, and the laser heater is placed in front of the rotary punch and keeps the same speed and the same direction as the rotary punch sports;
所述激光加热器、旋转冲头分别与计算机控制系统电连接。The laser heater and the rotary punch are respectively electrically connected with the computer control system.
所述激光加热器的光斑作用中心与旋转冲头的运动中心的连线与工作台的边平行。The line connecting the light spot action center of the laser heater and the motion center of the rotary punch is parallel to the side of the table.
所述机床主轴为电主轴。The machine tool spindle is an electric spindle.
本发明的连接方法，包括以下步骤：The connection method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1）在计算机控制系统中设置激光加热器的激光功率，功率范围50-5000W；激光光斑与旋转冲头的移动速度相同，均为0.5-100mm/min，激光光斑中心与旋转冲头间距5-200mm；旋转冲头转速500~5000rpm，旋转冲头压入工件0.1-1.5mm（也可根据需要安装压力传感器，通过设置下压力控制载荷），并设定激光加热器与旋转冲头运动轨迹；1) Set the laser power of the laser heater in the computer control system, the power range is 50-5000W; the moving speed of the laser spot and the rotary punch is the same, both are 0.5-100mm/min, and the distance between the center of the laser spot and the rotary punch is 5- 200mm; the rotating speed of the rotary punch is 500~5000rpm, the rotary punch is pressed into the workpiece by 0.1-1.5mm (a pressure sensor can also be installed as required, and the load is controlled by setting the down pressure), and the movement trajectory of the laser heater and the rotary punch is set;
2）将需要连接的金属薄板与热塑性塑料板从上之下放置在工作台上，并用夹具夹紧定位；2) Place the metal sheet and thermoplastic sheet to be connected on the workbench from top to bottom, and clamp and position with clamps;
3）启动激光加热器，并在预定运动轨迹的起始位置压入旋转冲头；3) Start the laser heater and press the rotary punch at the starting position of the predetermined motion trajectory;
4）启动旋转冲头，按照设定参数及轨迹移动激光加热器和旋转冲头，实现连续金属薄板与热塑性塑料板的连接；4) Start the rotary punch, move the laser heater and the rotary punch according to the set parameters and trajectory to realize the connection between the continuous metal sheet and the thermoplastic plate;
5）预定的运动轨迹运行完毕后，激光加热器关闭，旋转冲头与金属薄板分离，完成连接。5) After the predetermined motion trajectory is completed, the laser heater is turned off, the rotary punch is separated from the metal sheet, and the connection is completed.
激光加热器对金属薄板进行预热，并将热传导入下层热塑性塑料板，使热塑性材料受热发生软化，在压力作用下发生一定塑性变形；同时可旋转冲头与金属薄板之间发生摩擦，产生热量和压力，进一步使下层热塑性材料发生融化，增加热塑性基体材料的流动性，并使融化的基体粘黏两板，当旋转冲头离开接触工件表面时，工件冷却，最终实现金属薄板与热塑性塑料板之间的有效连接。The laser heater preheats the metal sheet, and transfers the heat into the lower thermoplastic sheet, so that the thermoplastic material is softened by heating and undergoes a certain plastic deformation under the action of pressure; at the same time, friction occurs between the rotatable punch and the metal sheet to generate heat and pressure to further melt the underlying thermoplastic material, increase the fluidity of the thermoplastic matrix material, and make the melted matrix stick to the two plates. When the rotating punch leaves the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is cooled, and finally the metal sheet and the thermoplastic plate are realized. valid connection between.
本发明采用以上技术具有以下益意效果：The present invention adopts the above technology to have the following beneficial effects:
1）连接区域热源稳定、在热力耦合作用下连接界面显微结构更为均匀，连接强度更高，且不易出现基体材料烧蚀、孔洞等缺陷。1) The heat source in the connection area is stable, the microstructure of the connection interface is more uniform under the action of thermal-mechanical coupling, the connection strength is higher, and defects such as ablation of the matrix material and holes are not easy to appear.
2）连接件厚度范围更大，旋转冲头所受惯性力矩相对较小，有利于提高冲头寿命；2) The thickness range of the connecting piece is larger, and the inertia moment of the rotating punch is relatively small, which is beneficial to improve the life of the punch;
3）激光预加热有利于提早实现热塑性基体的塑性变形，在随后热压过程中减小接触表面局部应力不平衡，增加界面物料的流动，相同功率下有利于扩大连接区域，同时增加连接件强度；3) Laser preheating is beneficial to realize the plastic deformation of the thermoplastic matrix in advance, reduce the local stress imbalance on the contact surface during the subsequent hot pressing process, and increase the flow of interface materials. Under the same power, it is beneficial to expand the connection area and increase the strength of the connector. ;
4) 旋转冲头与机床主轴相连，由于采用了激光热辅助对工件进行预热，可以采用电主轴代替传统机械主轴，减小主轴的尺寸，易装配，而且电主轴相比机械主轴可以达到更高转速，这对于同等条件下提高连接效率有极大帮助；4) The rotary punch is connected to the spindle of the machine tool. Due to the use of laser thermal assistance to preheat the workpiece, an electric spindle can be used to replace the traditional mechanical spindle, which reduces the size of the spindle and is easy to assemble. Compared with the mechanical spindle, the electric spindle can achieve higher High speed, which is of great help to improve the connection efficiency under the same conditions;
5) 本发明连接工艺简单，无需其他连接介质，可实现金属薄板与热塑性速率板的高效连接。5) The connection process of the present invention is simple, no other connection medium is required, and efficient connection between the metal sheet and the thermoplastic rate plate can be realized.
附图说明Description of drawings
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明；The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;
图1为本发明装置的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1所示，本发明激光热辅助金属/热塑性塑料摩擦热压连接的装置，包括工作台、激光加热器、旋转冲头和计算器控制系统，As shown in Figure 1, the device for laser heat-assisted metal/thermoplastic friction thermocompression connection of the present invention includes a workbench, a laser heater, a rotary punch and a computer control system,
金属薄板与热塑性塑料板由上至下通过夹具固定于工作台上；所述旋转冲头与机床主轴连接，所述激光加热器置于旋转冲头的前方并与旋转冲头保持同速同向运动；The thin metal plate and the thermoplastic plate are fixed on the worktable from top to bottom through the fixture; the rotary punch is connected with the main shaft of the machine tool, and the laser heater is placed in front of the rotary punch and keeps the same speed and the same direction as the rotary punch sports;
所述激光加热器、旋转冲头分别与计算机控制系统电连接。The laser heater and the rotary punch are respectively electrically connected with the computer control system.
所述激光加热器的光斑作用中心与旋转冲头的运动中心的连线与工作台的边平行。The line connecting the light spot action center of the laser heater and the motion center of the rotary punch is parallel to the side of the table.
所述机床主轴为电主轴。The machine tool spindle is an electric spindle.
本发明的连接方法包括以下步骤：The connection method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1）在计算机控制系统中设置激光加热器的激光功率，功率范围50-5000W；激光光斑与旋转冲头的移动速度相同，均为0.5-100mm/min，激光光斑中心与旋转冲头间距5-200mm；旋转冲头转速500~5000rpm，旋转冲头压入工件0.1-1.5mm（也可根据需要安装压力传感器，通过设置下压力控制载荷），并设定激光加热器与旋转冲头运动轨迹；1) Set the laser power of the laser heater in the computer control system, the power range is 50-5000W; the moving speed of the laser spot and the rotary punch is the same, both are 0.5-100mm/min, and the distance between the center of the laser spot and the rotary punch is 5- 200mm; the rotating speed of the rotary punch is 500~5000rpm, the rotary punch is pressed into the workpiece by 0.1-1.5mm (a pressure sensor can also be installed as required, and the load is controlled by setting the down pressure), and the movement trajectory of the laser heater and the rotary punch is set;
2）将需要连接的金属薄板与热塑性塑料板从上之下放置在工作台上，并用夹具夹紧定位；2) Place the metal sheet and thermoplastic sheet to be connected on the workbench from top to bottom, and clamp and position with clamps;
3）启动激光加热器，并在预定运动轨迹的起始位置压入旋转冲头；3) Start the laser heater and press the rotary punch at the starting position of the predetermined motion trajectory;
4）启动旋转冲头，按照设定参数及轨迹移动激光加热器和旋转冲头，实现连续金属薄板与热塑性塑料板的连接；4) Start the rotary punch, move the laser heater and the rotary punch according to the set parameters and trajectory to realize the connection between the continuous metal sheet and the thermoplastic plate;
5）预定的运动轨迹运行完毕后，激光加热器关闭，旋转冲头与金属薄板分离，完成连接。5) After the predetermined motion trajectory is completed, the laser heater is turned off, the rotary punch is separated from the metal sheet, and the connection is completed.
本发明采用以上方法，激光加热器对金属薄板进行预热，并将热传导入下层热塑性塑料板，使热塑性材料受热发生软化，在压力作用下发生一定塑性变形；同时可旋转冲头与金属薄板之间发生摩擦，产生热量和压力，进一步使下层热塑性材料发生融化，增加热塑性基体材料的流动性，并使融化的基体粘黏两板，当旋转冲头离开接触工件表面时，工件冷却，最终实现金属薄板与热塑性塑料板之间的有效连接。The present invention adopts the above method, the laser heater preheats the metal sheet, and transfers the heat into the lower thermoplastic plastic sheet, so that the thermoplastic material is softened by heating, and a certain plastic deformation occurs under the action of pressure; at the same time, the contact between the punch and the metal sheet can be rotated. Friction occurs between the two plates, generating heat and pressure, which further melts the underlying thermoplastic material, increases the fluidity of the thermoplastic matrix material, and makes the melted matrix stick to the two plates. When the rotating punch leaves the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece cools, and finally Effective connection between sheet metal and thermoplastic sheet.
本发明在实际运用时不限于搭接叠层结构，且不限于热塑性塑料板材，低熔点非金属、复合材料等同样可用。In practical application, the present invention is not limited to the lap lamination structure, and is not limited to thermoplastic plastic sheets, and non-metals with low melting point, composite materials, etc. can also be used.
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| CN201910333131.4A Pending CN110065237A (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | The hot assistant metal of laser/thermoplastic friction hot pressing connects device and method |
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