CN110064515A - A kind of spiral cathode high-efficient wet-type electrostatic precipitator - Google Patents

Abstract

A spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment. It includes anode shell, cathode tube shaft, spiral structure, insulator, transmission mechanism, DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply, spray mechanism, air intake pipe, air outlet pipe, heat absorption circulation mechanism, ash chamber, and gas uniform flow diversion Plate, the spray mechanism includes a first spray pipe, a second spray pipe, a spray pump, a sedimentation tank, and a spray conduit, and the heat absorption cycle mechanism includes an inlet heat exchange pipe, an outlet heat exchange pipe, and a heat exchange pump. , water storage tank, heat exchange conduit. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the heat of the flue gas can be better utilized, the cathode rotating shaft is provided with a spiral structure, the centrifugal force and the electric field force generated are superimposed, the speed of the dust moving to the anode is accelerated, and the spray has no dead angle, and the gas is evenly distributed The deflector plays the role of dispersing the flue gas, so that the flue gas can be treated more completely.

Description

A spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator.

Background technique

In large-scale industrial production, some workplaces (such as thermal power plants, etc.) will generate a lot of dust. These dusts need to be treated by a purification and dust removal treatment device before being discharged to the outside world, otherwise it will cause environmental pollution. There are many types of electrostatic precipitators. According to whether liquid dust removal and cleaning are used in the dust removal process, electrostatic precipitators are divided into dry electrostatic precipitators and wet electrostatic precipitators. Wet electrostatic precipitator is an ultra-low emission project in recent years, especially in coal-fired units, which has been widely used. Wet electrostatic precipitators are emerging environmental protection equipment. But the existing wet dust collectors have some problems.

For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN204564337U discloses a novel high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator and mist eliminator, comprising: an upper casing, a middle casing, a lower casing, a cathode wire and an anode tube, and the anode tube is fixed on the middle casing Inside the body, the cathode wire is fixed at the center of the anode tube, the cathode wire is connected to a high-voltage direct current, an insulating box is arranged on the upper casing, and the high-voltage direct current is introduced into the cathode wire through the insulating box, and the lower casing is An exhaust gas inlet is arranged, and a gas outlet is arranged on the upper casing. The problem is that the temperature of the waste heat at the exhaust gas inlet cannot be used, and the treated clean gas is discharged with the gas outlet, and the exhausted flue gas still contains white smoke, which causes visual pollution and needs to be heated to eliminate it, which results in wasted energy. . Moreover, in the existing technology, the anode tubes are densely arranged in the casing, which wastes the area. The existing cathode frame structure is too complicated, which is not conducive to the circulation of flue gas, and the anode tube is easy to accumulate dust, and there is a dead angle for spraying, and the dust removal efficiency not tall.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator in view of the defects and deficiencies of the prior art, which can make better use of waste heat resources, have better flue gas treatment effect, and effectively reduce dust and mist droplets in the flue gas. Comply with national emission standards, energy saving and environmental protection. It can better utilize the heat of the flue gas, save energy and protect the environment. It is equipped with a spraying mechanism, which can better handle the dust contained in the flue gas. After the sewage in the sedimentation tank is filtered, it will continue to be used as the water supply for the spraying components, so that the washing and spraying mechanism can realize the recycling of water and realize the waste water. "Zero emission", the water in the water storage tank can also be recycled, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. There is a spiral structure on the cathode shaft. Through the transmission of the motor, the centrifugal force generated by the superposition of the electric field force accelerates the speed of the dust moving to the anode, which greatly improves the The dust removal efficiency is high, and there is no dead angle in the spray. The gas distribution deflector plays the role of dispersing the flue gas, so that the flue gas can be treated more completely.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: it comprises an anode casing 1, a cathode tube rotating shaft 2, a spiral structure 21, an insulator 22, a transmission mechanism 23, a DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply 24, a spray mechanism 3, The intake pipe 4, the gas outlet pipe 5, the heat absorption circulation mechanism 6, the ash chamber 7, the gas distribution guide plate 8, the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 extends from the top center of the anode casing 1 to the anode casing 1 At the inner bottom, a spiral structure 21 is provided on the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 inside the anode casing 1, a transmission mechanism 23 is disposed above the anode casing 1, and the top of the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected with the transmission mechanism 23, The upper end of the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 is connected to the electrode of the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply 24, the insulator 22 is arranged at the electrode connection point of the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 and the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply 24, and the bottom of the anode casing is provided with. The ash falling chamber 7, the left side of the ash falling chamber 7 is connected with the air inlet pipe 4, the upper right end of the anode casing 1 is provided with an air outlet pipe 5, and the spray mechanism 3 includes a first spray pipe 31, a second The spray pipe 32, the spray pump 33, the sedimentation tank 34, the spray conduit 35, the first spray pipe 31 is located between the ash chamber 7 and the bottom end of the cathode tube shaft 2, the second spray The pipe 32 is located in the upper part of the anode casing 1, the first spray pipe 31 and the second spray pipe 32 are evenly connected to the spray water conduit 35, and the spray water conduit 35 is provided with a spray pump 33, so The sedimentation tank 34 is located below the ash chamber 7, the spray conduit 35 extends into the sedimentation tank 34, and the anode casing 1 is positioned horizontally below the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 with a gas distribution guide plate 8 fixed horizontally. The heat absorption cycle mechanism 6 includes an inlet heat exchange tube 61, an outlet heat exchange tube 62, a heat exchange pump 63, a water storage tank 64, and a heat exchange water conduit 65. The inlet heat exchange tube 61 is located in the intake pipe 4, so The outlet heat exchange pipe 62 is located in the air outlet pipe 5, and the water inlet end of the inlet heat exchange pipe 61 is connected with a heat exchange water conduit 65. The heat exchange water conduit 65 is provided with a heat exchange pump 63. The lower end of the heat exchange water conduit 65 extends into the water storage tank 64, and the water outlet of the inlet heat exchange tube 61 is connected to the water inlet end of the outlet heat exchange tube 62 through a heat exchange conduit 65. The outlet The water outlet end of the heat exchange pipe 62 is connected with a heat exchange water conduit 65 , and the lower end of the heat exchange water conduit 65 extends into the water storage tank 64 .

The gas distribution guide plate 8 is located above the first shower head 31 .

A ventilation grille 81 is provided on the gas uniform distribution guide plate 8 .

The inlet heat exchange tubes 61 and the outlet heat exchange tubes 62 are serpentine finned tubes.

The sedimentation tank 34 includes a filter plate 341, an accommodation cavity 342, and a water filter cavity 343. The filter plate 341 is placed horizontally in the sedimentation tank 34, and the sedimentation tank 34 located at the upper part of the filter plate 341 is set as the accommodation cavity 342. The sedimentation tank 34 located at the lower part of the filter plate 341 is set as a water filter cavity 343 , and the lower end of the spray water conduit 35 is located in the water filter cavity 343 .

The helical structure 21 is uniformly and densely provided with burrs 25 .

An insulating layer 11 is provided on the outer wall of the anode casing 1 .

The helical structure 21 is provided with baffles 9 at a certain distance, and the baffles 9 are umbrella-shaped and bent downward with the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 as the center.

The working principle of the present invention: the flue gas is fed into the anode casing through the air intake pipe, and cold water is passed into the first heat exchange pipe, and after heat exchange with the flue gas, it becomes hot water and leads to the second heat exchange pipe. The gas continues to go inside the shell, and then the first sprinkler head works, first to dedust and cool the flue gas, the sewage flows into the sedimentation tank, and then the flue gas passes through the gas distribution guide plate, and is filtered through the ventilation grille on it. Processing, filtering out large particles of dust, the cathode tube shaft is driven by the transmission mechanism to rotate, the spiral structure on it rotates, the cathode tube shaft is connected with the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply, and the cathode tube shaft and the spiral structure on it are generated. The high energy causes the fine dust and water mist in the flue gas to be charged and condensed. Under the action of the electric field force, they condense into large particles of dust and move towards the inner wall of the anode casing. At the same time, the rotation of the spiral structure generates centrifugal force, because the centrifugal force and electric field force The superposition of large particles of dust accelerates the speed of large particles of dust to the inner side wall of the anode casing. The inside of the anode casing captures dust and mist droplets, and the flue gas continues to flow to the outlet pipe, and the hot water pair in the second heat exchange pipe will escape through the outlet pipe. The outgoing flue gas is heated up and then discharged, and the water cooled after heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube flows back into the water storage tank for the next cycle use. After the dust is washed, the sewage flows into the sedimentation tank, and the upward spraying and the centrifugal force of the spiral structure can ensure that the spraying range is wider and there is no dead angle. The flue gas is treated more completely.

After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the beneficial effects of better utilization of waste heat resources, better flue gas treatment effect, effective reduction of soot and water mist in flue gas, compliance with national emission standards, energy saving and environmental protection. And can make better use of the heat of the flue gas. The present invention is provided with a spray mechanism, which can better handle the dust contained in the flue gas. After the sewage in the sedimentation tank is filtered, it can be used continuously as the water supply for the spray component, so that the washing and spray mechanism can realize the recycling of water and realize the Wastewater "zero discharge", the water in the storage tank can also be recycled, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. There is a spiral structure on the cathode shaft. Driven by the motor, the centrifugal force and the electric field force are superimposed, which accelerates the speed of the dust moving to the anode. Moreover, there is no dead angle in the spraying, and the gas distribution deflector plays the role of dispersing the flue gas, so that the flue gas can be treated more completely.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is A-A direction structural representation in Fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the deflector in the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: anode casing 1, insulating layer 11, cathode tube shaft 2, spiral structure 21, insulator 22, transmission mechanism 23, DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply 24, burr 25, spray mechanism 3, first Spray pipe 31, second spray pipe 32, spray pump 33, sedimentation tank 34, filter plate 341, accommodating cavity 342, water filter cavity 343, spray water conduit 35, air inlet pipe 4, air outlet pipe 5, heat Absorption circulation mechanism 6, inlet heat exchange tube 61, outlet heat exchange tube 62, heat exchange pump 63, water storage tank 64, heat exchange water conduit 65, ash chamber 7, gas uniform distribution guide plate 8, ventilation grille 81 , baffle 9.

Detailed ways

1-3, the technical solution adopted in this specific embodiment is: it includes an anode casing 1, a cathode tube rotating shaft 2, a spiral structure 21, an insulator 22, a transmission mechanism 23, and a DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply 24. , spray mechanism 3, air inlet pipe 4, air outlet pipe 5, heat absorption circulation mechanism 6, ash fall chamber 7, gas distribution guide plate 8, the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 extends through the middle part of the top of the anode casing 1 into the bottom of the anode casing 1, a spiral structure 21 is arranged on the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 inside the anode casing 1, a transmission mechanism 23 is arranged above the anode casing 1, and the top of the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 is connected to the top of the anode casing 1. The transmission mechanism 23 is rotatably connected, the upper end of the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 is electrically connected with the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply 24, and the insulator 22 is arranged at the electrical connection point between the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 and the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply 24, The bottom of the anode casing is provided with an ash falling chamber 7, the left side of the ash falling chamber 7 is connected to the air inlet pipe 4, the upper right end of the anode casing 1 is provided with an air outlet pipe 5, and the spray mechanism 3 includes a first A spray pipe 31, a second spray pipe 32, a spray pump 33, a sedimentation tank 34, and a spray conduit 35. The first spray pipe 31 is located between the ash falling chamber 7 and the bottom end of the cathode tube shaft 2 During the time, the second spray pipe 32 is located in the upper part of the anode casing 1, the first spray pipe 31 and the second spray pipe 32 are evenly connected to the spray water conduit 35, and the spray water conduit 35 is arranged on the There is a spray pump 33, the sedimentation tank 34 is located below the ash chamber 7, the spray water conduit 35 extends into the sedimentation tank 34, and the inside of the anode casing 1 is located below the cathode tube shaft 2 and is horizontally fixed. The gas distribution guide plate 8, the heat absorption circulation mechanism 6 includes an inlet heat exchange tube 61, an outlet heat exchange tube 62, a heat exchange pump 63, a water storage tank 64, and a heat exchange water conduit 65. The inlet heat exchange tube 61 is located in the air inlet pipe 4, the outlet heat exchange pipe 62 is located in the air outlet pipe 5, and the water inlet end of the inlet heat exchange pipe 61 is connected to a heat exchange water conduit 65, which is on the heat exchange conduit 65. A heat exchange pump 63 is provided, the lower end of the heat exchange water conduit 65 extends into the water storage tank 64, and the outlet water of the inlet heat exchange pipe 61 communicates with the outlet heat exchange pipe 62 through a heat exchange conduit 65 The water inlet end of the outlet heat exchange pipe 62 is connected with a heat exchange water conduit 65 , and the lower end of the heat exchange water conduit 65 extends into the water storage tank 64 .

The transmission mechanism 23 is a servo motor.

There are multiple first spray pipes 31 and second spray pipes 32 .

The second spray pipe 32 sprays water downward.

The gas distribution guide plate 8 is located above the first shower head 31 .

A ventilation grille 81 is provided on the gas uniform distribution guide plate 8 . The ventilation grille 81 can perform a first round of filtration on the incoming gas to filter out coarse dust particles.

The inlet heat exchange tubes 61 and the outlet heat exchange tubes 62 are serpentine finned tubes.

The sedimentation tank 34 includes a filter plate 341, an accommodation cavity 342, and a water filter cavity 343. The filter plate 341 is placed horizontally in the sedimentation tank 34, and the sedimentation tank 34 located at the upper part of the filter plate 341 is set as the accommodation cavity 342. The sedimentation tank 34 located at the lower part of the filter plate 341 is set as a water filter cavity 343 , and the lower end of the spray water conduit 35 is located in the water filter cavity 343 .

Filter holes are densely arranged on the filter plate 341 .

The helical structure 21 is uniformly and densely provided with burrs 25 .

An insulating layer 11 is provided on the outer wall of the anode casing 1 .

The lower part of the anode casing 1 is grounded.

The helical structure 21 is provided with baffles 9 at a certain distance, and the baffles 9 are umbrella-shaped and bent downward with the cathode tube rotating shaft 2 as the center.

The working principle of the present invention: the flue gas is fed into the anode casing through the air intake pipe, and cold water is passed into the first heat exchange pipe, and after heat exchange with the flue gas, it becomes hot water and leads to the second heat exchange pipe. The gas continues to go inside the shell, and then the first sprinkler head works, first to dedust and cool the flue gas, the sewage flows into the sedimentation tank, and then the flue gas passes through the gas distribution guide plate, and is filtered through the ventilation grille on it. Processing, filtering out large particles of dust, the cathode tube shaft is driven by the transmission mechanism to rotate, the spiral structure on it rotates, the cathode tube shaft is connected with the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply, and the cathode tube shaft and the spiral structure on it are generated. The high energy causes the fine dust and water mist in the flue gas to be charged and condensed. Under the action of the electric field force, they condense into large particles of dust and move towards the inner wall of the anode casing. At the same time, the rotation of the spiral structure generates centrifugal force, because the centrifugal force and electric field force The superposition of large particles of dust accelerates the speed of large particles of dust to the inner side wall of the anode casing. The inside of the anode casing captures dust and mist droplets, and the flue gas continues to flow to the outlet pipe, and the hot water pair in the second heat exchange pipe will escape through the outlet pipe. The outgoing flue gas is heated up and then discharged, and the water cooled after heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube flows back into the water storage tank for the next cycle use. After the dust is washed, the sewage flows into the sedimentation tank, and the upward spraying and the centrifugal force of the spiral structure can ensure that the spraying range is wider and there is no dead angle. The flue gas is treated more completely.

After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the beneficial effects of better utilization of waste heat resources, better flue gas treatment effect, effective reduction of soot, formaldehyde and water mist in flue gas, compliance with national emission standards, energy saving and environmental protection. It can better utilize the heat of the flue gas, save energy and protect the environment. It is equipped with a spraying mechanism, which can better handle the dust contained in the flue gas. After the sewage in the sedimentation tank is filtered, it will continue to be used as the water supply for the spraying components, so that the washing and spraying mechanism can realize the recycling of water and realize the waste water. "Zero emission", the water in the water storage tank can also be recycled, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. There is a spiral structure on the cathode shaft. Driven by the motor, the centrifugal force and the electric field force are superimposed, which speeds up the speed of the dust moving to the anode, and There is no dead angle in the spray, and the gas distribution deflector plays the role of dispersing the flue gas, so that the flue gas can be treated more completely.

The above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should be Included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator is characterized in that: it comprises an anode casing (1), a cathode tube rotating shaft (2), a spiral structure (21), an insulator (22), a transmission mechanism (23), a direct current Negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply (24), spray mechanism (3), air inlet pipe (4), air outlet pipe (5), heat absorption circulation mechanism (6), ash falling chamber (7), gas uniform distribution guide plate (8), the cathode tube rotating shaft (2) extends from the top center of the anode casing (1) to the inner bottom of the anode casing (1), and the cathode tube rotating shaft located inside the anode casing (1) (2) A helical structure (21) is provided on it, a transmission mechanism (23) is provided above the anode casing (1), and the top end of the cathode tube shaft (2) is rotatably connected to the transmission mechanism (23). The upper end of the tube shaft (2) is electrically connected with the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply (24), and the insulator (22) is arranged at the electrode connection between the cathode tube shaft (2) and the DC negative high-voltage high-frequency pulse power supply (24), The bottom of the anode casing is provided with an ash falling chamber (7), the left side of the ash falling chamber (7) is connected with an air inlet pipe (4), and the upper right end of the anode casing (1) is provided with an air outlet pipe (5). ), the spray mechanism (3) comprises a first spray pipe (31), a second spray pipe (32), a spray pump (33), a sedimentation tank (34), and a spray conduit (35) , the first spray pipe (31) is located between the ash chamber (7) and the bottom end of the cathode tube shaft (2), the second spray pipe (32) is located in the upper part of the anode casing (1), The first spray pipe (31) and the second spray pipe (32) are evenly connected to the spray water conduit (35), and the spray water conduit (35) is provided with a spray pump (33), so The sedimentation tank (34) is located below the ash falling chamber (7), the spray water conduit (35) extends into the sedimentation tank (34), and the anode casing (1) is located inside the cathode tube shaft (2) A gas uniform distribution baffle (8) is fixed horizontally below, and the heat absorption circulation mechanism (6) includes an inlet heat exchange tube (61), an outlet heat exchange tube (62), a heat exchange pump (63), and a water storage tank (64), a heat exchange water conduit (65), the inlet heat exchange pipe (61) is located in the air inlet pipe (4), the outlet heat exchange pipe (62) is located in the air outlet pipe (5), and the inlet heat exchange pipe (62) is located in the air outlet pipe (5). The water inlet end of the heat pipe (61) is communicated with a heat exchange water conduit (65), the heat exchange water conduit (65) is provided with a heat exchange pump (63), and the heat exchange water conduit (65) is provided with a heat exchange pump (63). The lower end of 65) extends into the water storage tank (64), and the water outlet of the inlet heat exchange pipe (61) is connected to the water inlet end of the outlet heat exchange pipe (62) through a heat exchange water conduit (65), so The water outlet end of the outlet heat exchange pipe (62) is connected with a heat exchange water conduit (65), and the lower end of the heat exchange water conduit (65) extends into the water storage tank (64). 2 . The spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 , wherein the gas uniform distribution baffle ( 8 ) is located above the first shower head ( 31 ). 3 . 3. The spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: a ventilation grille (81) is provided on the gas uniform distribution guide plate (8). 4. The spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, wherein the inlet heat exchange tube (61) and the outlet heat exchange tube (62) are serpentine finned tubes. 5. A spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sedimentation tank (34) comprises a filter plate (341), an accommodation cavity (342), and a water filter cavity (343), The filter plate (341) is placed horizontally in the sedimentation tank (34), and the sedimentation tank (34) located in the upper part of the filter plate (341) is provided as a accommodating cavity (342), located below the filter plate (341) Part of the sedimentation tank (34) is set as a water filtering cavity (343), and the lower end of the spray water conduit (35) is located in the water filtering cavity (343). 6 . The spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 , wherein the spiral structure ( 21 ) is provided with burrs ( 25 ) uniformly and densely. 7 . 7 . The spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 , wherein an insulating layer ( 11 ) is provided on the outer wall of the anode casing ( 1 ). 8 . 8. The spiral cathode high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, wherein a baffle plate (9) is arranged on the spiral structure (21) at a certain distance, and the baffle plate (9) is in the shape of a The umbrella shape is bent downward with the cathode tube rotating shaft (2) as the center.