CN110061317A - 一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统 - Google Patents
一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,其特征是,包括充电控制单元和与充电控制单元连接的铝空气电池组及锂离子电池组,铝空气电池组和锂离子电池组均外接接热管理单元,其中铝空气电池组按照顺序设置连接的第一电磁阀及电解液供给泵与电解液储液罐连通,铝空气电池组还通过第二电磁阀2与回流液罐连通,铝空气电池组还按照顺序设置连接的第三电磁阀、清洗液循环泵与清洗液储液罐连通,电解液储液罐通过单吸泵与海水连通。这种系统能提高新能源船舶的续航里程,降低使用成本,同时又有着不受地点、时间限制的进行电能补充的特点,解决充电缓慢、充电时间长的问题,为新能源船舶领域提供良性动力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源船舶的动力系统,具体是一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统。
背景技术
目前,全球的能源供给逐渐匮乏,环境污染问题日趋严峻,人们正在探索新的能源。铝空气电池具有原材料丰富、比能量高、寿命长、反应产物无污染以及快速补充能量等优点,已成为当今世界能源领域的开发热点。铝空气电池是以空气中的氧气作为正极活性物质,以金属铝作为负极活性物质,而空气中的氧气可以通过气体扩散电极到达电化学反应界面与金属铝反应而放出电能的一种化学电源。
在目前的新能源船舶领域,大多采用纯电动模式,动力系统大多采用锂离子电池,锂离子电池有着优异的放电特性,适于为电机提供稳定的功率输出,但是锂离子电池续航里程有限,比能相对于铝空气电池不够高,充电时间较长。而铝空气电池无需充电设备,可以在几分钟内更换金属铝负极,达到快速“充电”目的。而且铝空气电池与氢燃料电池相比,由金属铝代替氢燃料,整个系统更安全、可靠。金属铝比氢燃料便宜、体积小,更易贮运,经济上更合算。所以将铝空气电池与锂离子电池两者的优势相互结合,利用锂离子电池组为船舶驱动系统提供稳定的电能输出,铝空气电池组为锂离子电池组进行电能补充,从而达到电-电混合的目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统。这种系统能提高新能源船舶的续航里程,降低使用成本,同时又有着不受地点、时间限制的进行电能补充的特点,解决充电缓慢、充电时间长的问题,为新能源船舶领域提供良性动力。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是:
一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,与现有技术不同的是,包括充电控制单元和与充电控制单元连接的铝空气电池组及锂离子电池组,铝空气电池组和锂离子电池组均外接接热管理单元,其中铝空气电池组按照顺序设置连接的第一电磁阀及电解液供给泵与电解液储液罐连通,铝空气电池组还通过第二电磁阀与回流液罐连通,铝空气电池组还按照顺序设置连接的第三电磁阀、清洗液循环泵与清洗液储液罐连通,电解液储液罐通过单吸泵与海水连通。
所述铝空气电池组设有空气电极和铝电极,其中铝电极为插卡式可更换负极金属板,可更换负极金属板易于装卸,方便铝空气电池组快速完成“充电”工作。
所述热管理单元设有散热介质、散热通道和温度传感器,当热管理单元中的温度传感器监测到锂离子电池组内部温度低于-10℃时,将加热升温信号传输到铝空气电池组,热管理单元为现有技术,一般内部设有常规的IGBT散热芯片,可采用型号为SIGC156T60NR2C(600V,200A)或SIGC100T65R3E(650V,200A)。
所述充电控制单元采用TP4057、SL1053、HL7016充电芯片的任意一种。
所述锂离子电池组设有电量传感器,电量传感器为分流器或电阻分压器的一种,电量传感器监测到锂离子电池组剩余电量小于30%时,将充电信号反馈给铝空气电池组。
所述锂离子电池组设有加热板。
锂离子电池一般采用B1-1P36S、B2-2P18S和C1-1P48S中的一种,电量传感器一般采用JCE400-ASS/E。
铝空气电池组选用海水作为电解液,利用单吸泵抽取海水输送到电解液储液罐,另外,采用海水作为散热介质,以循环水的方式,通过热管理系统中的散热通道将铝空气电池组产生的热量传送到锂离子电池组。
电量传感器监测到锂离子电池组电量不足时,及时将充电信号反馈给铝空气电池组,铝空气电池组对锂离子电池组进行电量补充,此时,第一电磁阀开启,第二电磁阀、第三电磁阀呈关闭状态,电解液由电解液供给泵控制,从电解液储液罐中输出进入到铝空气电池组,产生电能,电能经过充电控制单元,输入到锂离子电池组中,为锂离子电池组进行充电;充电工作结束后,进入到电解液回流状态,此时,第二电磁阀开启,第一电磁阀、第三电磁阀呈关闭状态,剩余电解液进入到回流液罐中,回流结束后,将第二电磁阀关闭,第三电磁阀开启,清洗液循环泵控制清洗液从清洗液储液罐输出,进入到铝空气电池组,对铝空气电池组进行清洗。
热管理单元中的温度传感器将铝空气电池组产生的电能和热量实现有效利用,由于锂离子电池组内部温度过低会导致整个电池组放不出电或放电效率偏低,影响锂离子电池组的使用寿命,此时,在锂离子电池组中设有配套的加热板,当热管理单元中的温度传感器监测到锂离子电池组内部温度较低时,将加热升温信号传输到铝空气电池组,铝空气电池组开启放电工作模式,通过充电控制单元给锂离子电池组中的加热板供电,从而升高锂离子电池组的内部温度,与此同时,利用海水作为散热介质,通过散热通道,将铝空气电池组产生的热量以循环水的方式传送到锂离子电池组中,进一步的提高锂离子电池组的整体温度,一方面可以解决锂离子电池组因温度较低导致放不出电或者放电效率不高的缺点,另一方面会将铝空气电池组产生的热量快速、有效的扩散出去。
与现有技术相比,本技术方案具有以下优点:
(1)可以大大提高新能源船舶的续航里程,铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统充分利用铝空气电池能量密度高、可持续长时间稳定放电并不受任何地点、时间限制的特性,为锂离子电池组进行充分的电量补充;
(2)可以降低系统的使用成本,铝空气电池组的电解液部分可以直接使用海水,这是金属空气电池的特性,利用单吸泵将海水直接输送到电解液储液罐中的方式,可以很大程度节约原材料成本;
(3)可实现铝空气电池组电能和热量的有效利用,在整个混合动力电池系统中,设计一套热管理系统,将铝空气电池组产生的电能和热量传送到锂离子电池组内部,解决锂离子电池组温度较低的环境下放不出电或者放电效率低的缺点。
这种系统能提高新能源船舶的续航里程,降低使用成本,同时又有着不受地点、时间限制的进行电能补充的特点,解决充电缓慢、充电时间长的问题,为新能源船舶领域提供良性动力。
附图说明
图1为实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的内容作进一步的阐述,但不是对本发明的的限定。
实施例:
参照图1,一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,包括充电控制单元和与充电控制单元连接的铝空气电池组和锂离子电池组,铝空气电池组和锂离子电池组均外接接热管理单元,其中铝空气电池组按照顺序设置连接的第一电磁阀及电解液供给泵与电解液储液罐连通,铝空气电池组还通过第二电磁阀与回流液罐连通,铝空气电池组还按照顺序设置连接的第三电磁阀、清洗液循环泵与清洗液储液罐连通,电解液储液罐通过单吸泵与海水连通。
所述铝空气电池组由空气电极和铝电极组成,其中铝电极部分为插卡式可更换负极金属板,插卡式可更换负极金属板易于装卸,方便铝空气电池组快速完成“充电”工作。
所述热管理单元设有散热介质、散热通道和温度传感器,当热管理单元中的温度传感器监测到锂离子电池组内部温度低于-10℃时,将加热升温信号传输到铝空气电池组,本例中,温度传感器采用热电偶温度传感器,型号为WRM-101、WRN-101,本例热管理单元为现有技术,一般内部设有常规的IGBT散热芯片,采用型号为SIGC156T60NR2C(600V,200A)。
所述充电控制单元采用TP4057、SL1053、HL7016充电芯片的任意一种。
所述锂离子电池组设有电量传感器,电量传感器为分流器或电阻分压器的一种,电量传感器监测到锂离子电池组剩余电量小于30%时,将充电信号反馈给铝空气电池组。
所述锂离子电池组设有加热板。
本例锂离子电池采用B1-1P36S,电量传感器采用JCE400-ASS/E。
铝空气电池组选用海水作为电解液,利用单吸泵抽取海水输送到电解液储液罐,另外,采用海水作为散热介质,以循环水的方式,通过热管理系统中的散热通道将铝空气电池组产生的热量传送到锂离子电池组。
电量传感器监测到锂离子电池组电量不足时,及时将充电信号反馈给铝空气电池组,铝空气电池组对锂离子电池组进行电量补充,此时,第一电磁阀开启,第二电磁阀、第三电磁阀呈关闭状态,电解液由电解液供给泵控制,从电解液储液罐中输出进入到铝空气电池组,产生电能,电能经过充电控制单元,输入到锂离子电池组中,为锂离子电池组进行充电;充电工作结束后,进入到电解液回流状态,此时,第二电磁阀开启,第一电磁阀、第三电磁阀呈关闭状态,剩余电解液进入到回流液罐中,回流结束后,将第二电磁阀关闭,第三电磁阀开启,清洗液循环泵控制清洗液从清洗液储液罐输出,进入到铝空气电池组,对铝空气电池组进行清洗。
热管理单元中的温度传感器将铝空气电池组产生的电能和热量实现有效利用,由于锂离子电池组内部温度过低会导致整个电池组放不出电或放电效率偏低,影响锂离子电池组的使用寿命,此时,在锂离子电池组中设有配套的加热板,当热管理单元中的温度传感器监测到锂离子电池组内部温度较低时,将加热升温信号传输到铝空气电池组,铝空气电池组开启放电工作模式,通过充电控制单元给锂离子电池组中的加热板供电,从而升高锂离子电池组的内部温度,与此同时,利用海水作为散热介质,通过散热通道,将铝空气电池组产生的热量以循环水的方式传送到锂离子电池组中,进一步的提高锂离子电池组的整体温度,一方面可以解决锂离子电池组因温度较低导致放不出电或者放电效率不高的缺点,另一方面会将铝空气电池组产生的热量快速、有效的扩散出去。
Claims (6)
1.一种船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,其特征是,包括充电控制单元和与充电控制单元连接的铝空气电池组及锂离子电池组,铝空气电池组和锂离子电池组均外接接热管理单元,其中铝空气电池组按照顺序设置连接的第一电磁阀及电解液供给泵与电解液储液罐连通,铝空气电池组还通过第二电磁阀与回流液罐连通,铝空气电池组还按照顺序设置连接的第三电磁阀、清洗液循环泵与清洗液储液罐连通,电解液储液罐通过单吸泵与海水连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,其特征是,所述铝空气电池组设有空气电极和铝电极,其中铝电极为插卡式可更换负极金属板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,其特征是,所述热管理单元设有散热介质、散热通道和温度传感器,当热管理单元中的温度传感器监测到锂离子电池组内部温度低于-10℃时,将加热升温信号传输到铝空气电池组。
4.根据权利要求1所述的船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,其特征是,所述充电控制单元采用TP4057、SL1053、HL7016充电芯片的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,其特征是,所述锂离子电池组设有电量传感器,电量传感器为分流器或电阻分压器的一种,电量传感器监测到锂离子电池组剩余电量小于30%时,将充电信号反馈给铝空气电池组。
6.根据权利要求1所述的船用铝空气电池—锂离子电池混合动力系统,其特征是,所述锂离子电池组设有加热板。
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