CN110053183A - Waste plastic recyclable device and recovery method - Google Patents

Waste plastic recyclable device and recovery method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110053183A
CN110053183A CN201910339576.3A CN201910339576A CN110053183A CN 110053183 A CN110053183 A CN 110053183A CN 201910339576 A CN201910339576 A CN 201910339576A CN 110053183 A CN110053183 A CN 110053183A
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plastic
nozzle
shell
outlet
cooling
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黄坤荣
龙发勇
李斌
匡敏军
彭骞
王克贤
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University of South China
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University of South China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/02Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

Waste plastic recyclable device, including crush and melt mechanism, plastic extruder, discharging cooling body and cutting mechanism;Thawing mechanism, plastic extruder and discharging cooling body is crushed to be sequentially communicated;Cutting mechanism is located at the discharge end of discharging cooling body, to cut off the continuous threaded plastic of discharging cooling body discharge.Waste plastic recovery method, applied to above-mentioned waste plastic recyclable device.The present invention realizes the recycling of waste plastic, puts into waste plastic from feed hopper, can be from nozzle outputting granular solid plastic, and the granular solids plastics of output can be directly as industrial production or the raw material of 3D printing.

Description

废弃塑料回收装置及回收方法Waste plastic recycling device and recycling method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及垃圾回收机械领域,特别是一种废弃塑料回收装置及回收方法。The invention relates to the field of garbage recycling machinery, in particular to a waste plastic recycling device and a recycling method.

背景技术Background technique

随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,垃圾的产出量也越来越高,如何有效回收利用垃圾已经成为了社会越来越关注的问题。With the development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the output of garbage is also getting higher and higher. How to effectively recycle garbage has become a problem that the society pays more and more attention to.

其中,不可降解的塑料是组成垃圾最主要的成分,而塑料废弃品在自然条件下不容易被分解,所产生的白色污染已经成为全球性的公害,对生态环境造成了严重的影响。Among them, non-degradable plastic is the most important component of garbage, and plastic waste is not easy to be decomposed under natural conditions, and the resulting white pollution has become a global public hazard, which has a serious impact on the ecological environment.

传统的压缩深埋地下的处理方式占用空间较大,降解速度缓慢,回收利用率为零,已经不能满足日益增长的废弃塑料垃圾量的处理需求。The traditional method of compression and deep burial takes up a lot of space, the degradation speed is slow, and the recycling rate is zero, which can no longer meet the processing needs of the growing amount of waste plastic waste.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足,而提供一种废弃塑料回收装置及回收方法,它解决了传统的废弃塑料垃圾回收利用难的问题,它以废弃塑料做为原材料,可产出符合工业应用的颗粒状塑料原料。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a waste plastic recycling device and a recycling method, which solves the problem that the traditional waste plastic waste is difficult to recycle and utilize. Granular plastic raw materials for industrial applications.

本发明的技术方案是:废弃塑料回收装置,包括粉碎融化机构、塑料挤出机、出料冷却机构及切断机构;粉碎融化机构、塑料挤出机及出料冷却机构依次连通;切断机构设在出料冷却机构的出料端处,以切断出料冷却机构排出的连续条状塑料。The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a waste plastic recycling device includes a crushing and melting mechanism, a plastic extruder, a discharging cooling mechanism and a cutting mechanism; the crushing and melting mechanism, the plastic extruder and the discharging cooling mechanism are connected in sequence; the cutting mechanism is located in the The discharge end of the discharge cooling mechanism is used to cut off the continuous strip of plastic discharged from the discharge cooling mechanism.

本发明进一步的技术方案是:粉碎融化机构包括进料斗、破碎滚筒组、驱动组件和电热板;进料斗上端设有进料口,下端设有出料口,进料斗在内腔下端靠近出料口处设有用于过滤杂质的筛板;破碎滚筒组包括两个滚筒,滚筒外壁上均布有多个钉齿,两个滚筒分别通过转轴安装在进料斗的内腔中,两个滚筒之间设有条形间隙;驱动组件设在进料斗外并与两个滚筒的转轴关联,以驱动两个滚筒同步反向转动;电热板倾斜设在进料斗的内腔中,并位于破碎滚筒组的下端,其与进料斗的内腔之间形成下落口。The further technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the crushing and melting mechanism includes a feeding hopper, a crushing roller group, a driving component and an electric heating plate; the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding port at the upper end, and the lower end is provided with a discharging port, and the feeding hopper is provided at the lower end of the inner cavity There is a sieve plate for filtering impurities near the discharge port; the crushing drum group includes two drums, and a plurality of nail teeth are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the drum. A strip-shaped gap is arranged between the rollers; the driving component is arranged outside the feeding hopper and is associated with the rotating shafts of the two rollers to drive the two rollers to rotate in the opposite direction; the electric heating plate is inclined in the inner cavity of the feeding hopper, It is located at the lower end of the crushing drum group, and a drop opening is formed between it and the inner cavity of the feeding hopper.

本发明再进一步的技术方案是:驱动组件包括电机A、齿轮A及齿轮B;电机A安装在进料斗的外壁上,并通过联轴器与滚筒的转轴连接;齿轮A和齿轮B分别安装在两个滚筒的转轴上,且相互啮合。A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the drive assembly includes a motor A, a gear A and a gear B; the motor A is installed on the outer wall of the feeding hopper, and is connected with the rotating shaft of the drum through a coupling; the gear A and the gear B are respectively installed On the rotating shafts of the two drums and meshing with each other.

本发明更进一步的技术方案是:出料冷却机构包括管壳式换热器、水泵、水箱、喷嘴及冷却管;管壳式换热器内设有互不连通的管程腔体和壳程腔体,管程腔体在管壳式换热器外壁上设有管程入口和管程出口,壳程腔体在管壳式换热器外壁上设有冷却液入口和冷却液出口;水泵一端为进水端,另一端为出水端;水箱外壁上设有连通至其内腔的进水口和出水口,进水口与管壳式换热器的管程出口连通,出水口与水泵的进水端连通;喷嘴呈两端开口的管形,其一端为进料端,另一端为出料端;冷却管螺旋盘绕在喷嘴上,其两端分别与管壳式换热器的管程入口及水泵的出水端连通。A further technical solution of the present invention is: the discharge cooling mechanism includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a water pump, a water tank, a nozzle and a cooling pipe; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is provided with a tube-side cavity and a shell-side that are not connected to each other. The tube side cavity is provided with a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet on the outer wall of the shell and tube heat exchanger, and the shell side cavity is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet on the outer wall of the shell and tube heat exchanger; the water pump One end is the water inlet end, and the other end is the water outlet end; the outer wall of the water tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet connected to its inner cavity, the water inlet is connected with the tube side outlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the water outlet is connected with the inlet of the pump. The water end is connected; the nozzle is in the shape of a tube with two open ends, one end of which is the feed end and the other end is the discharge end; the cooling pipe is spirally wound on the nozzle, and its two ends are respectively connected to the tube side inlet of the shell and tube heat exchanger. It is connected with the water outlet of the pump.

本发明更进一步的技术方案是:出料冷却机构还包括设在喷嘴两侧相对布置的冷却风扇。A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the discharging cooling mechanism further comprises cooling fans arranged oppositely on both sides of the nozzle.

本发明更进一步的技术方案是:塑料挤出机一端设有进口,另一端设有出口,塑料挤出机的进口与进料斗的出料口连通,塑料挤出机的出口与喷嘴的进料端连通。The further technical scheme of the present invention is: one end of the plastic extruder is provided with an inlet, the other end is provided with an outlet, the inlet of the plastic extruder is connected with the discharge port of the feeding hopper, and the outlet of the plastic extruder is connected with the inlet of the nozzle. The material end is connected.

本发明更进一步的技术方案是:切断机构包括电机B和安装在电机B的机轴上的切刀,切刀正对喷嘴的出料端。A further technical solution of the present invention is that the cutting mechanism includes a motor B and a cutter installed on the shaft of the motor B, and the cutter is directly opposite the discharge end of the nozzle.

本发明的技术方案是:废弃塑料回收方法,应用于上述的废弃塑料回收装置;回收废弃塑料之前,先进行以下几项操作:The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a waste plastic recycling method is applied to the above-mentioned waste plastic recycling device; before recycling the waste plastic, the following operations are performed first:

a、启动电热板,进行预热;a. Start the electric heating plate for preheating;

b、启动电机A,使破碎滚筒组的两个滚筒同步反向转动;b. Start the motor A to make the two drums of the crushing drum group rotate in the opposite direction synchronously;

c、为塑料挤出机通电,使其待机;c. Power on the plastic extruder to make it stand by;

d、启动水泵,使冷却介质在冷却管中流动;d. Start the water pump to make the cooling medium flow in the cooling pipe;

e、在管壳式换热器的壳程腔体内通入冷却液,当冷却液填充满管壳式换热器的壳程腔体后,保持从冷却液入口输入的冷却液流量与冷却液出口输出的冷却液流量一致;e. The cooling liquid is introduced into the shell side cavity of the shell and tube heat exchanger. When the cooling liquid fills the shell side cavity of the shell and tube heat exchanger, the cooling liquid flow and the cooling liquid input from the cooling liquid inlet are maintained. The coolant flow output from the outlet is consistent;

f、启动电机,以驱动切刀做回转运动;f. Start the motor to drive the cutter to rotate;

回收步骤如下:The recycling steps are as follows:

S1、将废弃塑料从进料斗上端的进料口投入进料斗的内腔中,废弃塑料被同步反向转动的两个滚筒碾碎,并从两个滚筒之间的条形缝隙下落在电热板上,碾碎的废弃塑料在电热板上被加热至融化,融化塑料顺着电热板的斜度从下落口处滴落,通过筛板后,从出料口排出;S1. Put the waste plastic into the inner cavity of the feed hopper from the feed port at the upper end of the feed hopper. The waste plastic is crushed by the two rollers that rotate in opposite directions, and falls from the strip gap between the two rollers. On the electric heating plate, the crushed waste plastic is heated on the electric heating plate to melt, and the melted plastic drips from the drop port along the slope of the electric heating plate, and is discharged from the discharge port after passing through the sieve plate;

S2、从进料斗的出料口排出的融化塑料通过塑料挤出机进口进入塑料挤出机内腔中,然后通过推挤从塑料挤出机出口排出;S2. The melted plastic discharged from the discharge port of the feeding hopper enters the inner cavity of the plastic extruder through the plastic extruder inlet, and then is discharged from the plastic extruder outlet by pushing;

S3、从塑料挤出机出口排出的液态塑料通过喷嘴进料端进入喷嘴内腔,并在塑料挤出机的推挤作用下向喷嘴出料端移动,液态塑料在喷嘴内腔中移动的过程中,通过冷却管内循环流动的水不断被带走热量,从喷嘴出料端排出时冷却硬化为固体;S3. The liquid plastic discharged from the outlet of the plastic extruder enters the inner cavity of the nozzle through the feeding end of the nozzle, and moves to the discharging end of the nozzle under the pushing action of the plastic extruder. During the process of moving the liquid plastic in the inner cavity of the nozzle , through the circulating water in the cooling pipe, the heat is continuously taken away, and when it is discharged from the discharge end of the nozzle, it cools and hardens into a solid;

S4、从喷嘴出料端排出的条状的固体塑料通过切刀切断为颗粒状固体塑料。S4. The strip-shaped solid plastic discharged from the discharge end of the nozzle is cut into granular solid plastic by a cutter.

本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1、实现了废弃塑料的回收利用,从进料斗投入废弃塑料,便可从喷嘴输出颗粒状固体塑料,输出的颗粒状固体塑料可直接作为工业生产或3D打印的原材料。1. The recycling of waste plastics is realized, and the waste plastics are put into the feed hopper, and granular solid plastics can be output from the nozzle, and the output granular solid plastics can be directly used as raw materials for industrial production or 3D printing.

2、通过调节切刀转速、塑料挤出机的挤出速率、或更换不同内径的喷嘴即可输出不同尺寸的颗粒状固体塑料,以适应不同应用场景的工业生产或3D打印原材料需求。2. Granular solid plastics of different sizes can be output by adjusting the rotational speed of the cutter, the extrusion rate of the plastic extruder, or by changing nozzles with different inner diameters to meet the needs of industrial production or 3D printing raw materials in different application scenarios.

以下结合图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below with reference to figures and embodiments.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

图2为粉碎融化机构的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pulverizing and melting mechanism;

图3为出料冷却机构的连接关系示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the discharge cooling mechanism.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1:Example 1:

如图1-3所示,废弃塑料回收装置,包括粉碎融化机构、塑料挤出机2、出料冷却机构及切断机构。As shown in Figure 1-3, the waste plastic recycling device includes a crushing and melting mechanism, a plastic extruder 2, a discharge cooling mechanism and a cutting mechanism.

粉碎融化机构包括进料斗11、破碎滚筒组、驱动组件和电热板14。进料斗11上端设有进料口111,下端设有出料口112,进料斗11在内腔下端靠近出料口112处设有用于过滤杂质的筛板113。破碎滚筒组包括两个滚筒121,滚筒121外壁上均布有多个钉齿1211,两个滚筒121分别通过转轴122安装在进料斗11的内腔中,两个滚筒121之间设有条形间隙15,条形间隙15可供碾碎的塑料通过并下落。驱动组件设在进料斗11外并与两个滚筒121的转轴122关联,以驱动两个滚筒121同步反向转动,驱动组件包括电机A131、齿轮A132及齿轮B133,电机A131安装在进料斗11的外壁上,并通过联轴器与滚筒121的转轴122连接,齿轮A132和齿轮B133分别安装在两个滚筒121的转轴122上,且相互啮合。电热板14倾斜设在进料斗11的内腔中,并位于破碎滚筒组的下端,其与进料斗11的内腔之间形成下落口16。The crushing and melting mechanism includes a feeding hopper 11 , a crushing drum group, a driving component and an electric heating plate 14 . The upper end of the feeding hopper 11 is provided with a feeding port 111, and the lower end is provided with a feeding port 112. The feeding hopper 11 is provided with a sieve plate 113 for filtering impurities at the lower end of the inner cavity near the feeding port 112. The crushing drum set includes two drums 121 , a plurality of nail teeth 1211 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the drum 121 , the two drums 121 are respectively installed in the inner cavity of the feeding hopper 11 through the rotating shaft 122 , and there is a bar between the two drums 121 Shaped gap 15, strip-shaped gap 15 for the crushed plastic to pass and fall. The drive assembly is arranged outside the feeding hopper 11 and is associated with the shafts 122 of the two drums 121 to drive the two drums 121 to rotate in opposite directions. The driving assembly includes a motor A131, a gear A132 and a gear B133. The motor A131 is installed in the feeding hopper. 11, and is connected with the rotating shaft 122 of the drum 121 through a coupling. The gear A132 and the gear B133 are respectively installed on the rotating shafts 122 of the two drums 121 and mesh with each other. The electric heating plate 14 is obliquely arranged in the inner cavity of the feeding hopper 11 and is located at the lower end of the crushing drum group, and a drop opening 16 is formed between it and the inner cavity of the feeding hopper 11 .

出料冷却机构包括管壳式换热器31、水泵32、水箱33、喷嘴34及冷却管35。管壳式换热器31内设有互不连通的管程腔体和壳程腔体,管程腔体在管壳式换热器31外壁上设有管程入口311和管程出口312,壳程腔体在管壳式换热器31外壁上设有冷却液入口313和冷却液出口314。水泵32一端为进水端,另一端为出水端。水箱33外壁上设有连通至其内腔的进水口331和出水口332,进水口331与管壳式换热器31的管程出口312连通,出水口332与水泵32的进水端连通。喷嘴34呈两端开口的管形,其一端为进料端,另一端为出料端。冷却管35螺旋盘绕在喷嘴34上,其两端分别与管壳式换热器31的管程入口311及水泵32的出水端连通。The discharge cooling mechanism includes a shell and tube heat exchanger 31 , a water pump 32 , a water tank 33 , a nozzle 34 and a cooling pipe 35 . The shell-and-tube heat exchanger 31 is provided with a tube-side cavity and a shell-side cavity that are not connected to each other, and the tube-side cavity is provided with a tube-side inlet 311 and a tube-side outlet 312 on the outer wall of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 31 , The shell side cavity is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 313 and a cooling liquid outlet 314 on the outer wall of the shell and tube heat exchanger 31 . One end of the water pump 32 is the water inlet end, and the other end is the water outlet end. The outer wall of the water tank 33 is provided with a water inlet 331 and a water outlet 332 connected to its inner cavity. The nozzle 34 is in the shape of a tube with two ends open, one end of which is the feeding end and the other end is the discharging end. The cooling pipe 35 is spirally wound on the nozzle 34 , and two ends of the cooling pipe 35 are respectively communicated with the pipe side inlet 311 of the shell and tube heat exchanger 31 and the water outlet end of the water pump 32 .

塑料挤出机2一端设有进口,另一端设有出口,塑料挤出机2的进口与进料斗11的出料口112连通,塑料挤出机2的出口与喷嘴34的进料端连通。One end of the plastic extruder 2 is provided with an inlet, and the other end is provided with an outlet. The inlet of the plastic extruder 2 is communicated with the discharge port 112 of the feeding hopper 11, and the outlet of the plastic extruder 2 is communicated with the feed end of the nozzle 34. .

切断机构包括电机B41和安装在电机B41的机轴上的切刀42,切刀42正对喷嘴34的出料端,电机B41驱动切刀42做回转运动,以切断喷嘴34的出料端排出的连续条状塑料。The cutting mechanism includes a motor B41 and a cutter 42 installed on the shaft of the motor B41. The cutter 42 is facing the discharge end of the nozzle 34. The motor B41 drives the cutter 42 to make a rotary motion to cut off the discharge end of the nozzle 34. continuous strips of plastic.

优选,出料冷却机构还包括设在喷嘴34两侧相对布置的冷却风扇36。Preferably, the discharge cooling mechanism further includes cooling fans 36 disposed on opposite sides of the nozzle 34 .

简述本发明的工作过程:Briefly describe the working process of the present invention:

回收废弃塑料之前,先进行以下几项操作:Before recycling waste plastic, do the following:

a、启动电热板14,进行预热;a. Start the electric heating plate 14 for preheating;

b、启动电机A131,使破碎滚筒组的两个滚筒121同步反向转动;b. Start the motor A131 to make the two drums 121 of the crushing drum group rotate synchronously and reversely;

c、为塑料挤出机2通电,使其待机;c. Power on the plastic extruder 2 to make it stand by;

d、启动水泵32,使冷却介质在冷却管35中流动;d. Start the water pump 32 to make the cooling medium flow in the cooling pipe 35;

e、在管壳式换热器31的壳程腔体内通入冷却液,当冷却液填充满管壳式换热器31的壳程腔体后,保持从冷却液入口313输入的冷却液流量与冷却液出口314输出的冷却液流量一致;e. The cooling liquid is introduced into the shell side cavity of the shell and tube heat exchanger 31. After the cooling liquid fills the shell side cavity of the shell and tube heat exchanger 31, the flow rate of the cooling liquid input from the cooling liquid inlet 313 is maintained. Consistent with the coolant flow output from the coolant outlet 314;

f、启动电机B41,以驱动切刀42做回转运动。f. Start the motor B41 to drive the cutter 42 to make a rotary motion.

1、将废弃塑料从进料斗11上端的进料口111投入进料斗11的内腔中,废弃塑料被同步反向转动的两个滚筒121碾碎,并从两个滚筒121之间的条形缝隙下落在电热板上,碾碎的废弃塑料在电热板14上被加热至融化,融化塑料顺着电热板14的斜度从下落口16处滴落,通过筛板113后,从出料口112排出。1. Put the waste plastic into the inner cavity of the feed hopper 11 from the feed port 111 at the upper end of the feed hopper 11, the waste plastic is crushed by the two rollers 121 that rotate in opposite directions, and the waste plastic is crushed from the space between the two rollers 121. The strip-shaped gap falls on the electric heating plate, and the crushed waste plastic is heated on the electric heating plate 14 to melt, and the melted plastic drips from the drop port 16 along the slope of the electric heating plate 14, and after passing through the sieve plate 113, it flows out from the outlet. The material port 112 is discharged.

2、从进料斗11的出料口112排出的融化塑料通过塑料挤出机2进口进入塑料挤出机2内腔中,然后通过推挤从塑料挤出机2出口排出。2. The melted plastic discharged from the discharge port 112 of the feeding hopper 11 enters the inner cavity of the plastic extruder 2 through the inlet of the plastic extruder 2, and is then discharged from the outlet of the plastic extruder 2 by pushing.

3、从塑料挤出机2出口排出的液态塑料通过喷嘴34进料端进入喷嘴34内腔,并在塑料挤出机2的推挤作用下向喷嘴34出料端移动,液态塑料在喷嘴34内腔中移动的过程中,通过冷却管35内循环流动的水不断被带走热量,从喷嘴34出料端排出时冷却硬化为固体。3. The liquid plastic discharged from the outlet of the plastic extruder 2 enters the inner cavity of the nozzle 34 through the feeding end of the nozzle 34, and moves to the discharging end of the nozzle 34 under the pushing action of the plastic extruder 2, and the liquid plastic is in the nozzle 34. During the process of moving in the inner cavity, the water circulating through the cooling pipe 35 is continuously taken away heat, and when it is discharged from the discharge end of the nozzle 34, it cools and hardens into a solid.

4、从喷嘴34出料端排出的条状的固体塑料通过切刀42切断为颗粒状固体塑料。4. The strip-shaped solid plastic discharged from the discharge end of the nozzle 34 is cut into granular solid plastic by the cutter 42 .

Claims (8)

1.废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是:包括粉碎融化机构、塑料挤出机、出料冷却机构及切断机构;粉碎融化机构、塑料挤出机及出料冷却机构依次连通;切断机构设在出料冷却机构的出料端处,以切断出料冷却机构排出的连续条状塑料。1. The waste plastic recycling device is characterized in that: it comprises a crushing and melting mechanism, a plastic extruder, a discharging cooling mechanism and a cutting mechanism; the crushing and melting mechanism, the plastic extruder and the discharging cooling mechanism are communicated successively; At the discharge end of the material cooling mechanism, to cut off the continuous strip of plastic discharged from the material cooling mechanism. 2.如权利要求1所述的废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是:粉碎融化机构包括进料斗、破碎滚筒组、驱动组件和电热板;进料斗上端设有进料口,下端设有出料口,进料斗在内腔下端靠近出料口处设有用于过滤杂质的筛板;破碎滚筒组包括两个滚筒,滚筒外壁上均布有多个钉齿,两个滚筒分别通过转轴安装在进料斗的内腔中,两个滚筒之间设有条形间隙;驱动组件设在进料斗外并与两个滚筒的转轴关联,以驱动两个滚筒同步反向转动;电热板倾斜设在进料斗的内腔中,并位于破碎滚筒组的下端,其与进料斗的内腔之间形成下落口。2. The waste plastic recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing and melting mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a crushing roller group, a driving assembly and an electric heating plate; the upper end of the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding port, and the lower end is provided with an outlet The feed hopper is provided with a sieve plate for filtering impurities at the lower end of the inner cavity near the discharge port; the crushing drum group includes two drums, and the outer wall of the drum is evenly distributed with a plurality of nail teeth, and the two drums are respectively installed through the rotating shaft In the inner cavity of the feeding hopper, a strip-shaped gap is set between the two drums; the driving component is arranged outside the feeding hopper and is associated with the rotating shafts of the two drums to drive the two drums to rotate synchronously and reversely; the electric heating plate is inclined It is arranged in the inner cavity of the feeding hopper and located at the lower end of the crushing drum group, and a drop opening is formed between it and the inner cavity of the feeding hopper. 3.如权利要求2所述的废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是:驱动组件包括电机A、齿轮A及齿轮B;电机A安装在进料斗的外壁上,并通过联轴器与滚筒的转轴连接;齿轮A和齿轮B分别安装在两个滚筒的转轴上,且相互啮合。3. The waste plastic recycling device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the driving component comprises a motor A, a gear A and a gear B; Connection; gear A and gear B are respectively installed on the rotating shafts of the two rollers and mesh with each other. 4.如权利要求2或3所述的废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是:出料冷却机构包括管壳式换热器、水泵、水箱、喷嘴及冷却管;管壳式换热器内设有互不连通的管程腔体和壳程腔体,管程腔体在管壳式换热器外壁上设有管程入口和管程出口,壳程腔体在管壳式换热器外壁上设有冷却液入口和冷却液出口;水泵一端为进水端,另一端为出水端;水箱外壁上设有连通至其内腔的进水口和出水口,进水口与管壳式换热器的管程出口连通,出水口与水泵的进水端连通;喷嘴呈两端开口的管形,其一端为进料端,另一端为出料端;冷却管螺旋盘绕在喷嘴上,其两端分别与管壳式换热器的管程入口及水泵的出水端连通。4. The waste plastic recycling device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the discharging cooling mechanism comprises a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a water pump, a water tank, a nozzle and a cooling pipe; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is provided with The tube-side cavity and the shell-side cavity are not connected to each other. The tube-side cavity is provided with a tube-side inlet and a tube-side outlet on the outer wall of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the shell-side cavity is on the outer wall of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. There is a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet; one end of the water pump is the water inlet end, and the other end is the water outlet end; the outer wall of the water tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet connected to its inner cavity, and the water inlet is connected to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The outlet of the tube side is connected, and the water outlet is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump; the nozzle is in the shape of a tube with two open ends, one end of which is the feeding end and the other end is the discharging end; the cooling pipe is spirally coiled on the nozzle, and its two ends are respectively It is communicated with the tube side inlet of the shell and tube heat exchanger and the water outlet end of the water pump. 5.如权利要求4所述的废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是:出料冷却机构还包括设在喷嘴两侧相对布置的冷却风扇。5 . The waste plastic recycling device according to claim 4 , wherein the discharging cooling mechanism further comprises cooling fans arranged on opposite sides of the nozzle. 6 . 6.如权利要求5所述的废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是:塑料挤出机一端设有进口,另一端设有出口,塑料挤出机的进口与进料斗的出料口连通,塑料挤出机的出口与喷嘴的进料端连通。6. The waste plastic recycling device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: one end of the plastic extruder is provided with an inlet, the other end is provided with an outlet, the inlet of the plastic extruder is communicated with the discharge port of the feeding hopper, and the plastic The outlet of the extruder communicates with the feed end of the nozzle. 7.如权利要求6所述的废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是:切断机构包括电机B和安装在电机B的机轴上的切刀,切刀正对喷嘴的出料端。7 . The waste plastic recycling device according to claim 6 , wherein the cutting mechanism comprises a motor B and a cutter installed on the shaft of the motor B, and the cutter is facing the discharge end of the nozzle. 8 . 8.废弃塑料回收方法,应用于权利要求1-7中任一项所述的废弃塑料回收装置,其特征是,回收废弃塑料之前,先进行以下几项操作:8. A method for recycling waste plastics, which is applied to the device for recycling waste plastics according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the following operations are performed before recycling waste plastics: a、启动电热板,进行预热;a. Start the electric heating plate for preheating; b、启动电机A,使破碎滚筒组的两个滚筒同步反向转动;b. Start the motor A to make the two drums of the crushing drum group rotate in the opposite direction synchronously; c、为塑料挤出机通电,使其待机;c. Power on the plastic extruder to make it stand by; d、启动水泵,使冷却介质在冷却管中流动;d. Start the water pump to make the cooling medium flow in the cooling pipe; e、在管壳式换热器的壳程腔体内通入冷却液,当冷却液填充满管壳式换热器的壳程腔体后,保持从冷却液入口输入的冷却液流量与冷却液出口输出的冷却液流量一致;e. The cooling liquid is introduced into the shell side cavity of the shell and tube heat exchanger. When the cooling liquid fills the shell side cavity of the shell and tube heat exchanger, the cooling liquid flow and the cooling liquid input from the cooling liquid inlet are maintained. The coolant flow output from the outlet is consistent; f、启动电机,以驱动切刀做回转运动;f. Start the motor to drive the cutter to rotate; 回收步骤如下:The recycling steps are as follows: S1、将废弃塑料从进料斗上端的进料口投入进料斗的内腔中,废弃塑料被同步反向转动的两个滚筒碾碎,并从两个滚筒之间的条形缝隙下落在电热板上,碾碎的废弃塑料在电热板上被加热至融化,融化塑料顺着电热板的斜度从下落口处滴落,通过筛板后,从出料口排出;S1. Put the waste plastic into the inner cavity of the feed hopper from the feed port at the upper end of the feed hopper. The waste plastic is crushed by the two rollers that rotate in opposite directions, and falls from the strip gap between the two rollers. On the electric heating plate, the crushed waste plastic is heated on the electric heating plate to melt, and the melted plastic drips from the drop port along the slope of the electric heating plate, and is discharged from the discharge port after passing through the sieve plate; S2、从进料斗的出料口排出的融化塑料通过塑料挤出机进口进入塑料挤出机内腔中,然后通过推挤从塑料挤出机出口排出;S2. The melted plastic discharged from the discharge port of the feeding hopper enters the inner cavity of the plastic extruder through the plastic extruder inlet, and then is discharged from the plastic extruder outlet by pushing; S3、从塑料挤出机出口排出的液态塑料通过喷嘴进料端进入喷嘴内腔,并在塑料挤出机的推挤作用下向喷嘴出料端移动,液态塑料在喷嘴内腔中移动的过程中,通过冷却管内循环流动的水不断被带走热量,从喷嘴出料端排出时冷却硬化为固体;S3. The liquid plastic discharged from the outlet of the plastic extruder enters the inner cavity of the nozzle through the feeding end of the nozzle, and moves to the discharging end of the nozzle under the pushing action of the plastic extruder. During the process of moving the liquid plastic in the inner cavity of the nozzle , through the circulating water in the cooling pipe, the heat is continuously taken away, and when it is discharged from the discharge end of the nozzle, it cools and hardens into a solid; S4、从喷嘴出料端排出的条状的固体塑料通过切刀切断为颗粒状固体塑料。S4. The strip-shaped solid plastic discharged from the discharge end of the nozzle is cut into granular solid plastic by a cutter.
CN201910339576.3A 2019-04-25 2019-04-25 Waste plastic recyclable device and recovery method Pending CN110053183A (en)

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CN111186115A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-22 韩冰 Extruder for plastic processing
CN112238539A (en) * 2020-08-31 2021-01-19 福建泉州新耀新材料科技有限公司 Production device and production process of high-rigidity low-warpage polypropylene modified plastic

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CN208468790U (en) * 2018-04-08 2019-02-05 河南松亚新材料科技有限公司 A kind of plastic granulating equipment
CN208497407U (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-02-15 苏州市丽苏塑胶科技有限公司 A kind of plastic crusher of automatic ration charging
CN210082165U (en) * 2019-04-25 2020-02-18 南华大学 Waste plastic recycling device

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CN208497407U (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-02-15 苏州市丽苏塑胶科技有限公司 A kind of plastic crusher of automatic ration charging
CN208468790U (en) * 2018-04-08 2019-02-05 河南松亚新材料科技有限公司 A kind of plastic granulating equipment
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN111186115A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-22 韩冰 Extruder for plastic processing
CN112238539A (en) * 2020-08-31 2021-01-19 福建泉州新耀新材料科技有限公司 Production device and production process of high-rigidity low-warpage polypropylene modified plastic

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