CN110016637A - 一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺 - Google Patents
一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110016637A CN110016637A CN201910443932.6A CN201910443932A CN110016637A CN 110016637 A CN110016637 A CN 110016637A CN 201910443932 A CN201910443932 A CN 201910443932A CN 110016637 A CN110016637 A CN 110016637A
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- Prior art keywords
- pump shaft
- automobile engine
- engine pump
- furnace
- gas carburizing
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- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound 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O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanogen Chemical class 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- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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 [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003961 penetration enhancing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/04—Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，包括如下步骤：（A）非碳氮共渗部分局部涂防渗剂，将汽车发动机泵轴的顶端取长度为L1的区域均匀刷上水溶性防渗剂后进行自然风干，风干时长为30‑40min;（B）预热井式气体渗碳炉，将井式气体渗碳炉加热到W1保持10‑20min;（C）加热工件，井式气体渗碳炉预热结束后，向炉底滴入煤油15‑25ml，等待T1时间后，将风干后的汽车发动机泵轴放入井式气体渗碳炉内，关闭炉盖，再进行加热,时长持续T2。本发明局部碳氮共渗及冷处理，耗时短，工件所需局部硬度提高，渗层深度深，产品品质好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺技术领域，具体为一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺。
背景技术
向钢件表面同时渗入碳、氮的化学表面热处理工艺。以渗碳为主，渗入 少量氮。因碳氮共渗工艺早期采用过氰盐或含氰气氛作为渗剂，故又称“氰化”。按共渗介质状态分为气体、液体 及固体3类。固体和液体碳氮共渗已 很少使用。气体碳氮共渗法不用氰盐 ，容易控制表面质量，可实现机 械化、自动化，应用较广泛。与渗碳相 比，具有较快的渗入速度，较高的渗层 的淬透性和回火抗力，耐磨性和抗疲 劳性能好等优点，处理温度较低，常用来代替渗碳处理。
但是，现有的碳氮共渗对于汽车发动机泵轴的处理产品不理想，加工效率低；因此，不满足现有的需求，对此我们提出了一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，以解决上述背景技术中提出的现有的碳氮共渗对于汽车发动机泵轴的处理产品不理想，加工效率低等问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，包括如下步骤：
（A）非碳氮共渗部分局部涂防渗剂，将汽车发动机泵轴的顶端取长度为L1的区域均匀刷上水溶性防渗剂后进行自然风干，风干时长为30-40min;
（B）预热井式气体渗碳炉，将井式气体渗碳炉加热到W1保持10-20min;
（C）加热工件，井式气体渗碳炉预热结束后，向炉底滴入煤油15-25ml，等待T1时间后，将风干后的汽车发动机泵轴放入井式气体渗碳炉内，关闭炉盖，再进行加热,时长持续T2;
（D）向井式气体渗碳炉通入氨气1，从井式气体渗碳炉顶上方进气管通入氨气1，炉内气压达到P1时停止通气，并继续保持炉内温度W1，时间持续T3;
（E）直接淬火，打开炉顶，直接将温度W1的工件取出后，直接淬入130-210°C的热油中淬火3-15min，取出工件置于-75°到-65°的介质中进行冷处理5-10min;
（F）低温回火稳定尺寸，将回火炉加热至W2，将冷处理后的汽车发动机泵轴置于回火炉中进行回火，时间持续2-3h。
优选的，所述工艺中涉及到的温度W1:830-870°C，所述工艺中涉及到的时间T1：10-50s；T2:1-1.5h；T3:1-2h。
优选的，所述工艺中涉及到的长度L1:10-20cm，所述工艺中涉及到的气压为P1:0.4-1.3kpa。
优选的，所述（D）步骤中的氨气1为氮气与氨气的混合气体，所述氨气的占比为75-90%。
优选的，所述（E）步骤中的介质为用干冰配置的冷冻液。
优选的，所述氨气在W1温度下受热分解，公式为：NH3→N+3/2H2。
优选的，所述（F）步骤中回火操作每间隔15min将汽车发动机泵轴绕轴转动90°角。
本发明的优点在于：该种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，对于汽车发动机泵轴的局部有需求的部分进行碳氮共渗，工件表面可以得到较为均匀的碳氮共渗层，且深度比渗碳层要深，冷处理工步大幅度提高工件稳定性，降低淬火应力、提高强度的作用，且减少表层残留奥氏体，提高了汽车发动机泵轴表面的硬度和稳定了尺寸，提高了汽车发动机泵轴的品质。
附图说明
图1为本发明整体的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
请参阅图1，本发明提供的一种实施例：一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，包括如下步骤：
（A）非碳氮共渗部分局部涂防渗剂，将汽车发动机泵轴的顶端取长度为L1的区域均匀刷上水溶性防渗剂后进行自然风干，风干时长为30-40min;
（B）预热井式气体渗碳炉，将井式气体渗碳炉加热到W1保持10-20min;
（C）加热工件，井式气体渗碳炉预热结束后，向炉底滴入煤油15-25ml，等待T1时间后，将风干后的汽车发动机泵轴放入井式气体渗碳炉内，关闭炉盖，再进行加热,时长持续T2;
（D）向井式气体渗碳炉通入氨气1，从井式气体渗碳炉顶上方进气管通入氨气1，炉内气压达到P1时停止通气，并继续保持炉内温度W1，时间持续T3;
（E）直接淬火，打开炉顶，直接将温度W1的工件取出后，直接淬入130-210°C的热油中淬火3-15min，取出工件置于-75°到-65°的介质中进行冷处理5-10min，大幅度提高工件稳定性，降低淬火应力，起到提高强度的作用;
（F）低温回火稳定尺寸，将回火炉加热至W2，将冷处理后的汽车发动机泵轴置于回火炉中进行回火，时间持续2-3h，减少表层残留奥氏体，提高硬度，稳定尺寸，提高产品品质。
将汽车发动机泵轴从回火炉中取出，在空气中自然冷却至常温，完成碳氮共渗工艺，使汽车发动机泵轴得到稳定的碳氮共渗层。
在本实施中，工艺中涉及到的温度W1:830-870°C，工艺中涉及到的时间T1：10-50s；T2:1-1.5h；T3:1-2h。
在本实施中，工艺中涉及到的长度L1:10-20cm，工艺中涉及到的气压为P1:0.4-1.3kpa。
在本实施中，（D）步骤中的氨气1为氮气与氨气的混合气体，氨气的占比为75-90%。
在本实施中，（E）步骤中的介质为用干冰配置的冷冻液，冷处理效果好。
在本实施中，氨气在W1温度下受热分解，公式为：NH3→N+3/2H2。
在本实施中，（F）步骤中回火操作每间隔15min将汽车发动机泵轴绕轴转动90°角，提高回火效果。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
Claims (7)
1.一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（A）非碳氮共渗部分局部涂防渗剂，将汽车发动机泵轴的顶端取长度为L1的区域均匀刷上水溶性防渗剂后进行自然风干，风干时长为30-40min;
（B）预热井式气体渗碳炉，将井式气体渗碳炉加热到W1保持10-20min;
（C）加热工件，井式气体渗碳炉预热结束后，向炉底滴入煤油15-25ml，等待T1时间后，将风干后的汽车发动机泵轴放入井式气体渗碳炉内，关闭炉盖，再进行加热,时长持续T2;
（D）向井式气体渗碳炉通入氨气1，从井式气体渗碳炉顶上方进气管通入氨气1，炉内气压达到P1时停止通气，并继续保持炉内温度W1，时间持续T3;
（E）直接淬火，打开炉顶，直接将温度W1的工件取出后，直接淬入130-210°C的热油中淬火3-15min，取出工件置于-75°到-65°的介质中进行冷处理5-10min;
（F）低温回火稳定尺寸，将回火炉加热至W2，将冷处理后的汽车发动机泵轴置于回火炉中进行回火，时间持续2-3h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，其特征在于：所述工艺中涉及到的温度W1:830-870°C，所述工艺中涉及到的时间T1：10-50s；T2:1-1.5h；T3:1-2h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，其特征在于：所述工艺中涉及到的长度L1:10-20cm，所述工艺中涉及到的气压为P1:0.4-1.3kpa。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，其特征在于：所述（D）步骤中的氨气1为氮气与氨气的混合气体，所述氨气的占比为75-90%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，其特征在于：所述（E）步骤中的介质为用干冰配置的冷冻液。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，其特征在于：所述氨气在W1温度下受热分解，公式为：NH3→N+3/2H2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车发动机泵轴的碳氮共渗工艺，其特征在于：所述（F）步骤中回火操作每间隔15min将汽车发动机泵轴绕轴转动90°角。
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