CN109986952A - Hybrid drive systems and vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a hybrid drive system and a vehicle. The system includes: an engine; a first motor, which drives the first motor to generate electricity; a transmission, which includes a dual clutch, a first gear set, a second gear set, and a transmission output shaft, The output shaft of the engine is connected with the first gear set, the output shaft of the engine is connected with the second gear set, and the double clutch is provided between the first gear set and the second gear set. On the same side of the second gear set, the first gear set and the second gear set are selectively connected to the transmission output shaft through the double clutch; an output part, the output part is used for output Power transmitted by the transmission output shaft drives the vehicle.

Description

Hybrid drive systems and vehicles

technical field

The present disclosure relates to a hybrid drive system and a vehicle.

Background technique

In today's world, human beings are faced with two major challenges, energy shortage and environmental degradation. Traditional automobiles are increasingly plagued by the oil crisis. Energy conservation and environmental protection have gradually become the development theme of the automobile industry. In recent years, hybrid vehicles with two different power sources to reduce fuel consumption and emissions have been developed and applied, and put into commercial production to the market.

The hybrid drive system is generally composed of an engine, a generator, an electric motor, a power source, etc. The engine and the power source jointly provide power for the vehicle, which results in a complex structure, a large space occupation, and a high cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a hybrid drive system with a simple structure, which can realize two-speed driving of the engine.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a hybrid drive system, comprising: an engine; a first motor, the engine drives the first motor to generate electricity; a transmission, the transmission includes a dual clutch, a first gear set , the second gear set, the transmission output shaft, the output shaft of the engine is connected to the first gear set, the output shaft of the engine is connected to the second gear set, and the dual clutch is provided at the same side of the first range gear set and the second range gear set, the first range gear set and the second range gear set are selectively connectable to the transmission output shaft through the dual clutch; An output portion for outputting power transmitted by the transmission output shaft to drive the vehicle.

Optionally, the first input shaft of the dual clutch is connected to the first gear set, the second input shaft of the dual clutch is connected to the second gear set, and the transmission output shaft is connected To the output end of the dual clutch, the first input shaft of the dual clutch is idly sleeved on the second input shaft, and the second output shaft of the dual clutch is idly sleeved on the transmission output shaft.

Optionally, the transmission further includes a transmission input shaft, the transmission input shaft is connected with the first gear set, the transmission input shaft is connected with the second gear set, and the output of the engine is A shaft is connected to the transmission input shaft.

Optionally, the first gear set includes a first driving gear and a first driven gear, the second gear set includes a second driving gear and a second driven gear, and the transmission input shaft is connected to the transmission input shaft. The first driving gear is connected, the transmission input shaft is connected with the second driving gear, the first input shaft of the dual clutch is connected with the first driven gear, and the second input shaft of the dual clutch is connected Connected with the second driven gear, the output end of the dual clutch is connected with the transmission output shaft.

Optionally, the first input shaft of the double clutch is connected with the first driven gear key, the second input shaft of the double clutch is connected with the second driven gear key, and the output of the double clutch is The end is the casing of the double clutch, the transmission output shaft is keyed to the casing of the double clutch, and the transmission output shaft does not pass through the casing, the first driven gear and the second driven gear The driven gear is idle on the transmission output shaft.

Optionally, the first motor is located between the engine and the transmission, one end of the power shaft of the first motor is connected to the output shaft of the engine, and the other end of the power shaft of the first motor is connected to the engine. The transmission input shaft is connected.

Optionally, the system further includes a clutch through which the other end of the power shaft of the first motor is connected to the transmission input shaft.

Optionally, the clutch is integrated in the first electric machine.

Optionally, the output shaft of the engine is connected with the power shaft of the first motor through a gear increasing mechanism.

Optionally, the gear speed increasing mechanism includes a first speed increasing gear and a second speed increasing gear that mesh with each other, the first speed increasing gear is connected to the power shaft of the first motor, and the second speed increasing gear is The gear is connected with the output shaft of the engine, wherein the number of teeth of the first speed increasing gear is smaller than the number of teeth of the second speed increasing gear.

Optionally, the system includes a clutch through which the output shaft of the engine and the transmission input shaft are connected.

Optionally, the output shaft of the engine is connected with the first motor through a belt transmission mechanism.

Optionally, the system further includes a second electric motor that transmits power to the transmission output shaft.

Optionally, the system further includes a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear, the first transmission gear meshes with the first driven gear, the second transmission gear meshes with the second driven gear, and the first transmission gear meshes with the second driven gear. The power shaft of the second motor is connected to the first transmission gear, and the power shaft of the second motor is connected to the second transmission gear.

Optionally, the power shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected to the transmission output shaft.

In the present disclosure, through the combination of the dual clutch and the two gear sets, the switching of the two gears can be realized by controlling the dual clutch, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

The present disclosure also provides a vehicle including the hybrid drive system as described above.

Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the detailed description that follows.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the specification, and together with the following detailed description, are used to explain the present disclosure, but not to limit the present disclosure. In the attached image:

FIG. 1 is a schematic schematic diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic schematic diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

3 is a schematic schematic diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic schematic diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an assembly method of the dual clutch and the transmission output shaft.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, but not to limit the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic schematic diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure includes an engine 1 , a transmission, an output, and a first motor 2 . The power of the engine 1 is transmitted to the output part through the transmission, and the output part outputs the power to drive the vehicle.

The transmission includes a dual clutch 4 , a first gear set, a second gear set, and a transmission output shaft 10 . Among them, as shown in FIG. 1 , the output shaft of the engine 1 is connected to the first gear set, the output shaft of the engine 1 is connected to the second gear set, and the first gear set and the second gear set pass through The dual clutch 4 is selectively connected to the transmission output shaft 10 .

Specifically, the dual clutch 4 is arranged on the same side of the first gear set and the second gear set, and the dual clutch 4 has a first input shaft 42 , a second input shaft 43 , and an output end 41 . The first input shaft 42 is connected to the first gear set, the second input shaft 43 of the dual clutch 4 is connected to the second gear set, and the output end 41 of the dual clutch 4 is connected to the transmission output shaft 10 . The first input shaft 42 of the dual clutch 4 is idly mounted on the second input shaft 43 , and the second input shaft 43 is idly mounted on the transmission output shaft 10 . By coaxially hollowing the two input shafts of the dual clutch 4 with the transmission output shaft 10 , the structure of the hybrid drive system is more compact, the axial length is shortened, and the arrangement on the vehicle is facilitated.

The output end 41 of the dual clutch 4 may be the housing of the dual clutch 4, and the dual clutch 4 further includes two driven discs. The first input shaft 42 of the dual clutch 4 may be connected with one of the driven discs by a key. The dual clutch 4 The second input shaft 43 can be connected with another driven plate through a key. Generally, the housing of the dual clutch 4 may be disconnected from the two driven discs, that is, the output end 41 is disconnected from both the first input shaft 42 and the second input shaft 43 . When it is necessary to drive an input shaft to the housing, the corresponding driven disc can be controlled to engage with the housing, so that the driven disc drives the housing to rotate synchronously, that is, the output end 41 is connected to the first input shaft 42 and the second input One of the shafts 43 is drive-connected, so that the power transmitted from one of the first input shaft 42 and the second output shaft 43 can be output through the output end 41 .

It should be understood that the specific engagement state of the dual clutch 4 is affected by the control strategy. For those skilled in the art, the control strategy can be adaptively set according to the actual required transmission mode, so that the output end 41 and the two input All shafts are disconnected and the output 41 is geared to one of the two input shafts to switch between modes.

In the present disclosure, through the combination of the dual clutch 4 and the two gear sets, the switching of the two gears can be realized by controlling the dual clutch 4 . Specifically, when the transmission is required to input power in the first gear, the driven plate corresponding to the first input shaft 42 can be controlled to engage with the housing of the dual clutch 4 , so that the output of the first input shaft 42 and the dual clutch 4 can be controlled. Terminal 41 is drive connected; when the transmission needs to input power in the second gear, the driven plate corresponding to the second input shaft 43 can be controlled to engage with the housing of the dual clutch 4, so that the second input shaft 43 and the dual clutch 4 are connected. The output end 41 is drive-connected.

The first gear set includes a first driving gear 5 and a first driven gear 6. The first driving gear 5 and the first driven gear 6 can be directly meshed, or both can be meshed with the intermediate gear, so as to transmit the transmission through the intermediate gear. connect. The second gear set includes a second driving gear 7 and a second driven gear 8. The second driving gear 7 and the second driven gear 8 can be directly meshed with each other, or both can be meshed with an intermediate gear, so that the transmission is transmitted through the intermediate gear. connect. The first gear set may be a low gear set, and the second gear set may be a high gear set, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the first gear set may be a high gear The gear set of gears, and the gear set of the second gear can be a low-speed gear set.

The first driving gear 5 and the second driving gear 7 may be directly mounted on the output shaft of the engine 1 . In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the transmission further includes a transmission input shaft 9, the first driving gear 5 and the second driving gear 7 are both mounted on the transmission input shaft 9, and the output shaft of the engine 1 is connected to the transmission input shaft. 9 are coaxially connected, so that the power of the engine 1 can be simultaneously transmitted to the first gear set and the second gear set through the transmission input shaft 9 . The first drive gear 5 and the second drive gear 7 rotate in synchronization with the transmission input shaft 9 .

The first driven gear 6 and the second driven gear 8 are idle on the transmission output shaft 10. As shown in FIG. 5, the transmission output shaft 10 is keyed to the housing of the dual clutch 4, and the first input shaft of the dual clutch 4 The second input shaft 42 is sleeved on the second input shaft 43 and is keyed to the first driven gear 6. The second input shaft 43 of the dual clutch 4 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 10 and is keyed to the second driven gear. In this case, since the transmission output shaft 10 does not pass through the housing of the dual clutch 4, there is no need to additionally arrange an oil and gas sealing structure between the transmission output shaft 10 and the housing of the dual clutch 4, and the structure is simple and the sealing is reliable. powerful.

The hybrid drive system further includes a first electric motor 2, which can generate electricity driven by the engine 1 and act as an electric motor to drive the vehicle. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the first motor 2 is located between the engine 1 and the transmission, one end of the power shaft of the first motor 2 is connected to the output shaft of the engine 1 , and the other end is connected to the transmission input shaft 9 . Further, the other end of the power shaft of the first electric machine 2 may be connected with the transmission input shaft 9 through the clutch 11 . By arranging the clutch 11, when the engine 1 drives the first motor 2 to generate electricity, the clutch 11 can be controlled to disengage, so as to disengage the transmission from the power shaft of the first motor 2, thereby reducing the load and improving the power generation efficiency. In one embodiment, the clutch 11 can be integrated inside the first electric motor 2 to reduce the axial space of the hybrid power system and make the system structure more compact.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the hybrid drive system further includes a second motor 3 , and the output part is further used to output power from the second motor 3 to drive the vehicle. The second electric machine 3 can function both as an electric motor for driving the vehicle and as a generator for power generation.

The second electric machine 3 can be connected to the hybrid drive system in various ways. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , a first transmission gear 12 and a second transmission gear 13 are mounted on the power shaft of the second motor 3 , and the first transmission gear 12 and the second transmission gear 13 are connected with the second transmission gear 12 The power shaft of the motor 3 rotates synchronously, the first transmission gear 12 meshes with the first driven gear 6 of the first gear set, and the second transmission gear 13 meshes with the second driven gear 8 of the second gear set.

The output is configured to transmit power output from the transmission to wheels of the vehicle. For example, the output may include the output gear 14 and the differential 15 . The output gear 14 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 10 and rotates synchronously with the transmission output shaft 10 , and the output gear 14 meshes with the final reduction gear 16 of the differential 15 . The function of the differential 15 is to make the left and right wheels roll at different angular velocities when the vehicle is turning or driving on an uneven road, so as to ensure pure rolling motion between the wheels on both sides and the ground. A final reduction gear 16 is provided on the differential gear 15 , and the final reduction gear 16 may be arranged on the housing of the differential gear 15 , for example.

FIG. 2 is a schematic schematic diagram of a second embodiment according to the present disclosure. The main difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that: in the second embodiment, the power shaft of the first motor 2 is connected with the output shaft of the engine 1 through a gear speed increase mechanism, so that the first motor 2 The rotational speed of the engine 1 is greater than the rotational speed of the engine 1, so that the engine 1 and the first electric machine 2 are used as generators in a high-efficiency region to match, so as to improve the power generation efficiency. Specifically, a first speed-up gear 17 is installed on the power shaft of the first motor 2, and a second speed-up gear 18 is installed on the output shaft of the engine 1. The first speed-up gear 17 meshes with the second speed-up gear 18, The number of teeth of the first speed increasing gear 17 is smaller than the number of teeth of the second speed increasing gear 18 . In other embodiments not shown, the output shaft of the engine 1 may also be connected with the power shaft of the first motor 2 through a belt transmission mechanism. Specifically, the belt transmission mechanism may include a large pulley, a small pulley and a transmission belt, wherein the output shaft of the engine 1 is connected to the large pulley, and the power shaft of the first motor 2 is connected to the small pulley, so that the first motor 2 is connected to the small pulley. is greater than the speed of engine 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic schematic diagram of a third embodiment according to the present disclosure. The main difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that: in the third embodiment, the power shaft of the second motor 3 is directly coaxially connected with the transmission output shaft 10 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment according to the present disclosure. The main difference between the fourth embodiment and the second embodiment is that in the fourth embodiment, the power shaft of the second electric machine 3 is directly coaxially connected with the transmission output shaft 10 .

The hybrid drive system of the present disclosure may have the following operating conditions;

1. The second motor 3 is purely electric. Neither the engine 1 nor the first motor 2 works, and the second motor 3 drives the wheels through the differential 15 . This working condition is mainly used for conditions such as constant speed or urban road, and the battery has a high power. The advantage of this working condition is that the second motor 3 is directly driven, the transmission chain is the shortest, the components involved in the work are the least, and the highest transmission efficiency and the lowest noise can be achieved.

2. Double-motor pure electric working condition. The second motor 3 is the main power source with full power output; the first motor 2 is an auxiliary power source with limited power output. One of the two input shafts controlling the dual clutch 4 is connected to the output. The two motors adjust the rotational speed to ensure the same angular velocity transmitted to the transmission output shaft 10 . This working condition is mainly used for large load occasions such as acceleration, climbing, overtaking, high speed, etc., and the battery power is high. Compared with single-motor drive, this working condition has better dynamic performance, better economy and lower noise than hybrid drive, and the typical application that can highlight its advantages is the high-slope (winding mountain road). Congested road conditions.

3. Parallel working condition. The engine 1, the first electric machine 2 and the second electric machine 3 all drive the wheels. The two motors are adjustable in speed to match the angular velocity of the transmission output shaft 10 . The advantage of this working condition is that the three-engine engine 1, the first motor 2 and the second motor 3 are driven at the same time, which can exert the maximum power performance.

Fourth, the series working condition. The control clutch is disconnected, the engine 1 drives the first motor 2 to generate electricity, and the second motor 3 drives the wheels.

5. Engine 1 is driven independently. One of the two output shafts controlling the dual clutch 4 is connected to the input end, the first motor 2 and the second motor 3 are not working, and the gear switching can be realized through the dual clutch 4 .

6. Engine 1 drives the charging condition. On the basis of the independent driving condition of the engine 1, the first motor 2 is simultaneously driven to generate electricity.

7. Braking/deceleration feedback conditions. The second electric machine 3 generates electricity when the vehicle is braked. This condition is mainly used for vehicle downhill, braking or deceleration. The advantage of this working condition is to maximize the feedback energy when decelerating or braking.

Eight, mixed working conditions. On the one hand, the engine 1 drives the first motor 2 to generate electricity, and on the other hand transmits the power to the differential 15 through the gear set and the double clutch 4 to drive the wheels, and the second motor 3 drives the wheels through the differential 15 . This working condition is mainly used in the case of large load occasions such as acceleration and climbing, and there is not much power. The advantage of this working condition is that the full power of the engine 1 can be exerted, which not only ensures the power performance of the vehicle, but also generates power at the same time to maintain the power of the battery.

In the present disclosure, by skillfully combining the dual clutch 4 with the two gear sets, a two-speed transmission with simple structure and convenient operation can be obtained. Since the transmission can provide two gears, the speed and torque of the engine 1 can be adjusted to a certain extent, and the working efficiency of the engine 1 can be improved.

In the present disclosure, the gear shift of the transmission is realized by the dual clutch 4, which can allow the engagement process of one driven plate to overlap with the disengagement process of the other driven plate during the shift switching, thereby avoiding the need for The instantaneous interruption of torque transmission ensures the smoothness of the shifting process and the running of the vehicle. Compared with synchronizers with more complex mechanical structures, dual clutches have great advantages in terms of smoothness and reliability.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiments. Various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure. These simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, it should be noted that each specific technical feature described in the above-mentioned specific implementation manner may be combined in any suitable manner under the circumstance that there is no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present disclosure.

In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present disclosure.

Claims (16)

1. A hybrid drive system is characterized in that, comprising: engine (1); a first motor (2), wherein the engine (1) drives the first motor (2) to generate electricity; A transmission comprising a dual clutch (4), a first gear set, a second gear set, a transmission output shaft (10), the output shaft of the engine (1) and the first gear The output shaft of the engine (1) is connected with the second gear set, and the double clutch (4) is arranged on the same side of the first gear set and the second gear set , the first gear set and the second gear set are selectively connected to the transmission output shaft (10) through the dual clutch (4); The output part is used for outputting the power transmitted by the transmission output shaft (10) to drive the vehicle. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first input shaft (42) of the dual clutch (4) is connected to the first gear set, and the second input shaft (42) of the dual clutch (4) is connected to the first gear set. The second input shaft (43) is connected to the second gear set, the transmission output shaft (10) is connected to the output end (41) of the dual clutch (4), and the second output shaft (41) of the dual clutch (4) An input shaft (42) is idly sleeved on the second input shaft (43), and the second output shaft (43) of the dual clutch (4) is idly sleeved on the transmission output shaft (10). 3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the transmission further comprises a transmission input shaft (9) connected to the first gear set, the transmission input shaft (9) being The shaft (9) is connected with the second gear set, and the output shaft of the engine is connected with the transmission input shaft (9). 4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the first gear set comprises a first driving gear (5) and a first driven gear (6), and the second gear set comprises The second driving gear (7) and the second driven gear (8), the transmission input shaft (9) is connected with the first driving gear (5) and the second driving gear (7), the double clutch ( 4) The first input shaft (42) is connected with the first driven gear (6), and the second input shaft (43) of the dual clutch (4) is connected with the second driven gear (8) , the output end (41) of the double clutch (4) is connected with the transmission output shaft (10). 5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that the first input shaft (42) of the dual clutch (4) is keyed to the first driven gear (6), and the dual clutch (4) ) of the second input shaft (43) is keyed to the second driven gear (8), the output end (41) of the dual clutch (4) is the housing of the dual clutch (4), the A transmission output shaft (10) is keyed to the housing, and the transmission output shaft (10) does not pass through the housing. 6. The system according to claim 3, wherein the first motor (2) is located between the engine (1) and the transmission, and one end of the power shaft of the first motor (2) is connected to the The output shaft of the engine (1) is connected, and the other end of the power shaft of the first motor (2) is connected with the transmission input shaft (9). 7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the system further comprises a clutch (11) through which the other end of the power shaft of the first motor (2) and the transmission input shaft (9) pass through. The clutch (11) is connected. 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the clutch (11) is integrated in the first electric machine (2). 9. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the output shaft of the engine (1) is connected with the power shaft of the first motor (2) through a gear increasing mechanism. 10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that the gear speed increasing mechanism comprises a first speed increasing gear (17) and a second speed increasing gear (18) that mesh with each other, the first speed increasing gear (17) is connected to the power shaft of the first motor (2), the second speed-increasing gear (18) is connected to the output shaft of the engine (1), wherein the first speed-increasing gear (17) The number of teeth of ) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second speed increasing gear (18). 11. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that the system comprises a clutch (11) through which the output shaft of the engine (1) is connected with the transmission input shaft (9) . 12. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the output shaft of the engine (1) is connected with the first motor (2) through a belt transmission mechanism. 13. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that the system further comprises a second electric machine (3), which transmits power to the transmission output shaft (10). 14. The system according to claim 13, characterized in that the system further comprises a first transmission gear (12) and a second transmission gear (13), the first transmission gear (12) and the first driven gear The gear (6) is meshed, the second transmission gear (13) is meshed with the second driven gear (8), and the power shaft of the second motor (3) is connected to the first transmission gear (12) and the second driven gear (8). Two transmission gears (13). 15. The system according to claim 13, characterized in that the power shaft of the second electric machine (3) is coaxially connected with the transmission output shaft (10). 16. A vehicle comprising a hybrid drive system according to any one of claims 1-15.