CN109983992A - A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities - Google Patents

A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109983992A
CN109983992A CN201910281800.8A CN201910281800A CN109983992A CN 109983992 A CN109983992 A CN 109983992A CN 201910281800 A CN201910281800 A CN 201910281800A CN 109983992 A CN109983992 A CN 109983992A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
parts
greenhouse tomato
holding capabilities
cultural
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CN201910281800.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
钟凤林
尚春雨
林志远
侯毛毛
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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Priority to CN201910281800.8A priority Critical patent/CN109983992A/en
Publication of CN109983992A publication Critical patent/CN109983992A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method for promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, comprising steps of (1) organic mixture preparation, (2) are tiled, stacking, the addition of (3) microbial bacterial agent, the addition of (4) isotopic tracer, (5) the phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit are imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation.The present invention can promote microorganism and the fixing amount of nitrogen is reduced elution and is lost, and biological community structure and growing environment are changed, and the microbial biomass nitrogen of Institute of Micro-biology's fixing effectively improves.

Description

A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities
Technical field
The invention belongs to agrochemical technical fields, and in particular to a kind of greenhouse tomato cultivation for promoting nitrogen holding capabilities Method.
Background technique
Facility cultivation refers to using greenhouse, vinyl house or other facilities, by the way that plant growth and development is modified or controlled Environmental factor (illumination, temperature, moisture, carbon dioxide etc.), the new technology that plant production is regulated and controled.Facility cultivation, Fresh, high-quality, anti-season can be not only provided for people, time-out enables, safety tea garden, but also with its yield height, quality is excellent, dull season The advantages that fruit offerings price is high brings juice to operator.In recent years, protected fruit trees cultivation development is swift and violent, it has also become I A kind of important development mode of state's modern efficient fruit industry.
However facility cultivation leads to upper soll layer salification since long-term lacking rainwater elutes, and reduces yield；It reduces and sets at present The method for applying topsoil soils salinity includes biological salt reduction, closed drainage, soil conditioner etc..However line production is detecting soil When earth salt content is excessively high, still it is accustomed to the desalination in such a way that irrigation water rinses, but irrigation water flushing easily leads to topsoil How nitrogen loss utmostly reduces nitrogen loss amount, becomes critical issue urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for the problem that in facility cultivation, irrigation water rinses the nitrogen loss for easily leading to topsoil, the present invention Be designed to provide it is a kind of promoted nitrogen holding capabilities greenhouse tomato cultural method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) organic mixture preparation；
(2) tiling is stacked: organic mixture tiling is stacked and soil surface, stacks 2.5 cm of height, stacks 10-15 days；It stacks After the completion, organic materials is uniformly mixed with 5 cm thin solums；
(3) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying carbon bacterium peptide element in the soil, after being spaced 6h, applies EM stoste.
(4) isotopic tracer adds: applying in the soil15The urea of N isotope labelling simultaneously marks at application.
(5) phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit is imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation: the phase of bearing fruit imposes " 12 bacterium multienzyme biological organic fertilizer ", with root It is Soil Surrounding mixing, and small water frequent irrigation, day irrigation volume are no more than 10 mm/ days.
Step (1) organic mixture the preparation method comprises the following steps: will in parts by mass stalk section 5-10 parts, wood fragments consider 5- to be worth doing 10 parts, 4-8 parts of elm mushroom bacteria residue of 5-10 parts of chicken manure is uniformly mixed, and the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution of mass fraction 5-8% is added, It is uniformly mixed；The stalk segment length is 2-4cm；The chicken manure is the chicken manure through sterilizing of moisture content 60%；The withered grass The concentration of bacillus is 108CFU/mL。
The sowing amount of step (3) the carbon bacterium peptide element is the 5-8% of organic mixture quality, the sowing amount of the EM stoste For the 0.5-1.0% of organic mixture quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, EM stoste It is purchased from Nanjing Ai Mule environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
Step (4) is described15The sowing amount of the urea of N isotope labelling are as follows: every 80 square metres of soil application 10g；It is described15N The urea of isotope labelling is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, abundance 10%.
Impose amount of step (5) the 12 bacterium multienzyme biological organic fertilizer in the phase of entirely bearing fruit is 100 kg/ mus.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) cultural method of the present invention solves in current facility cultivation, since irrigation water flushing easily leads to the nitrogen of topsoil The problem of loss, greatly reduces nitrogen loss amount.
(2) present invention utilizes isotope-labelling method, tracks nitrogen position, fully understands the migration of nitrogen and shift to new management mechanisms.
(3) cultural method of the present invention is simple and easy, is suitable for large-scale production.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) organic mixture preparation: 5 parts of stalk section, wood fragments 10 parts will be considered to be worth doing in parts by mass, 10 parts of elm mushroom bacteria residues 8 of chicken manure Part is uniformly mixed, and the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution of mass fraction 5% is added, and is uniformly mixed；The stalk segment length is 2-4cm；Institute State the chicken manure through sterilizing that chicken manure is moisture content 60%；The concentration of the bacillus subtilis is 108CFU/mL。
(2) tiling is stacked: organic mixture tiling is stacked and soil surface, stacks 2.5 cm of height, stacks 10-15 days； After the completion of stacking, organic materials is uniformly mixed with 5 cm thin solums；
(3) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying 5% carbon bacterium peptide element of organic mixture quality in the soil, after being spaced 6h, application has The EM stoste of the 0.5% of machine mixture quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, EM stoste It is purchased from Nanjing Ai Mule environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
(4) isotopic tracer adds: every 80 square metres of soil applications15The urea 10g of N isotope labelling, and applying Place marks；It is described15The urea of N isotope labelling is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, and abundance is 10%。
(5) phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit is imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation: the phase of bearing fruit impose 100 kg/ mus " 12 bacterium multienzyme biologies have Machine fertilizer ", mixes, and small water frequent irrigation with root system Soil Surrounding, and day irrigation volume is no more than 10 mm/ days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) organic mixture preparation: 10 parts of stalk section, wood fragments 10 parts will be considered to be worth doing in parts by mass, 8 parts of elm mushroom bacteria residues 4 of chicken manure Part is uniformly mixed, and the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution of mass fraction 8% is added, and is uniformly mixed；The stalk segment length is 2-4cm；Institute State the chicken manure through sterilizing that chicken manure is moisture content 60%；The concentration of the bacillus subtilis is 108CFU/mL。
(2) tiling is stacked: organic mixture tiling is stacked and soil surface, stacks 2.5 cm of height, stacks 10-15 days； After the completion of stacking, organic materials is uniformly mixed with 5 cm thin solums；
(3) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying 8% carbon bacterium peptide element of organic mixture quality in the soil, after being spaced 6h, application has The EM stoste of the 0.8% of machine mixture quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, EM stoste It is purchased from Nanjing Ai Mule environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
(4) isotopic tracer adds: every 80 square metres of soil applications15The urea 10g of N isotope labelling, and applying Place marks；It is described15The urea of N isotope labelling is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, and abundance is 10%。
(5) phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit is imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation: the phase of bearing fruit impose 100 kg/ mus " 12 bacterium multienzyme biologies have Machine fertilizer ", mixes, and small water frequent irrigation with root system Soil Surrounding, and day irrigation volume is no more than 10 mm/ days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) organic mixture preparation: 8 parts of stalk section, wood fragments 8 parts will be considered to be worth doing in parts by mass, 10 parts of chicken manure, 4 parts of elm mushroom bacteria residue It is uniformly mixed, the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution of mass fraction 5% is added, be uniformly mixed；The stalk segment length is 2-4cm；It is described Chicken manure is the chicken manure through sterilizing of moisture content 60%；The concentration of the bacillus subtilis is 108CFU/mL。
(2) tiling is stacked: organic mixture tiling is stacked and soil surface, stacks 2.5 cm of height, stacks 10-15 days； After the completion of stacking, organic materials is uniformly mixed with 5 cm thin solums；
(3) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying 5% carbon bacterium peptide element of organic mixture quality in the soil, after being spaced 6h, application has The EM stoste of the 1.0% of machine mixture quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, EM stoste It is purchased from Nanjing Ai Mule environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
(4) isotopic tracer adds: every 80 square metres of soil applications15The urea 10g of N isotope labelling, and applying Place marks；It is described15The urea of N isotope labelling is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, and abundance is 10%。
(5) phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit is imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation: the phase of bearing fruit impose 100 kg/ mus " 12 bacterium multienzyme biologies have Machine fertilizer ", mixes, and small water frequent irrigation with root system Soil Surrounding, and day irrigation volume is no more than 10 mm/ days.
Comparative example 1 does not add organic mixture
A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying 5% carbon bacterium peptide element of organic mixture quality in the soil, after being spaced 6h, application has The EM stoste of the 0.5% of machine mixture quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, EM stoste It is purchased from Nanjing Ai Mule environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
(2) isotopic tracer adds: every 80 square metres of soil applications15The urea 10g of N isotope labelling, and applying Place marks；It is described15The urea of N isotope labelling is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, and abundance is 10%。
(3) phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit is imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation: the phase of bearing fruit impose 100 kg/ mus " 12 bacterium multienzyme biologies have Machine fertilizer ", mixes, and small water frequent irrigation with root system Soil Surrounding, and day irrigation volume is no more than 10 mm/ days.
A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) organic mixture preparation: 5 parts of stalk section, wood fragments 10 parts will be considered to be worth doing in parts by mass, 10 parts of elm mushroom bacteria residues 8 of chicken manure Part is uniformly mixed, and the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution of mass fraction 5% is added, and is uniformly mixed；The stalk segment length is 2-4cm；Institute State the chicken manure through sterilizing that chicken manure is moisture content 60%；The concentration of the bacillus subtilis is 108CFU/mL。
(2) tiling is stacked: organic mixture tiling is stacked and soil surface, stacks 2.5 cm of height, stacks 10-15 days； After the completion of stacking, organic materials is uniformly mixed with 5 cm thin solums；
(3) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying 5% carbon bacterium peptide element of organic mixture quality in the soil, after being spaced 6h, application has The EM stoste of the 0.5% of machine mixture quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, EM stoste It is purchased from Nanjing Ai Mule environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
(4) isotopic tracer adds: every 80 square metres of soil applications15The urea 10g of N isotope labelling, and applying Place marks；It is described15The urea of N isotope labelling is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, and abundance is 10%。
(5) phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit is imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation: the phase of bearing fruit impose 100 kg/ mus " 12 bacterium multienzyme biologies have Machine fertilizer ", mixes, and small water frequent irrigation with root system Soil Surrounding, and day irrigation volume is no more than 10 mm/ days.
The phase of bearing fruit of comparative example 2 does not pour, does not impose organic fertilizer
A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) organic mixture preparation: 5 parts of stalk section, wood fragments 10 parts will be considered to be worth doing in parts by mass, 10 parts of elm mushroom bacteria residues 8 of chicken manure Part is uniformly mixed, and the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution of mass fraction 5% is added, and is uniformly mixed；The stalk segment length is 2-4cm；Institute State the chicken manure through sterilizing that chicken manure is moisture content 60%；The concentration of the bacillus subtilis is 108CFU/mL。
(2) tiling is stacked: organic mixture tiling is stacked and soil surface, stacks 2.5 cm of height, stacks 10-15 days； After the completion of stacking, organic materials is uniformly mixed with 5 cm thin solums；
(3) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying 5% carbon bacterium peptide element of organic mixture quality in the soil, after being spaced 6h, application has The EM stoste of the 0.5% of machine mixture quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, EM stoste It is purchased from Nanjing Ai Mule environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
(4) isotopic tracer adds: every 80 square metres of soil applications15The urea 10g of N isotope labelling, and applying Place marks；It is described15The urea of N isotope labelling is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, and abundance is 10%。
Tomato is planted using embodiment and comparative example treated soil, test is in 2017 in Nanjing Heng Xi vegetable or flower Research institute carries out, and tomato material uses " ruby " kind, is denoted as CK without using the conventional method that any present invention is handled, and has The ratio that body nitrogen Soil profile amount accounts for total amount is as shown in table 1.
1 embodiment of table and each soil layer of comparative example15The ratio (%) of N
Different letters indicate there is significant difference (Duncan's multiple range test) in 0.05 level.Sample In15N atomic percent mass spectrograph used in Chinese Academy of Sciences's Nanjing soil is measured.Wherein
Penalty values=(crop is unabsorbed15N amount)-(in 0-80 cm soil15N amount)；
Crop is unabsorbed15N amount=(total15N applied amount)-(crop absorbs15N total amount).
As can be seen from Table 1, the embodiment of the present invention 1 handle nitrogen loss it is minimum, and largely be retained on 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layer., mainly due to wash out amount is small, loss is small, and biological community structure and growing environment are changed, micro- for this The microbial biomass nitrogen that biology is held effectively improves.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with Modification, is all covered by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method for promoting nitrogen holding capabilities, which is characterized in that specifically includes the following steps:
(1) organic mixture preparation；
(2) tiling is stacked: organic mixture tiling is stacked and soil surface, stacks 2.5 cm of height, stacks 10-15 days；It stacks After the completion, organic materials is uniformly mixed with 5 cm thin solums；
(3) microbial bacterial agent adds: applying carbon bacterium peptide element in the soil, after being spaced 6h, applies EM stoste；
(4) isotopic tracer adds: applying in the soil15The urea of N isotope labelling simultaneously marks at application；
(5) phase organic fertilizer of bearing fruit is imposed in conjunction with small water frequent irrigation: the phase of bearing fruit imposes " 12 bacterium multienzyme biological organic fertilizer ", with root system week The mixing of side soil, and small water frequent irrigation, day irrigation volume are no more than 10 mm/ days.
2. a kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method for promoting nitrogen holding capabilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) organic mixture the preparation method comprises the following steps: will in parts by mass stalk section 5-10 parts, wood fragments consider 5-10 parts to be worth doing, chicken manure 5- 10 parts 4-8 parts of elm mushroom bacteria residue are uniformly mixed, and the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution of mass fraction 5-8% is added, and are uniformly mixed；It is described Stalk segment length is 2-4cm；The chicken manure is the chicken manure through sterilizing of moisture content 60%；The bacillus subtilis it is dense Degree is 108CFU/mL。
3. a kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method for promoting nitrogen holding capabilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) sowing amount of the carbon bacterium peptide element is the 5-8% of organic mixture quality, and the sowing amount of the EM stoste is organic mixture The 0.5-1.0% of quality；Carbon bacterium peptide element is purchased from sea green three element Biotechnology Co., Ltd of edge, and it is peaceful that EM stoste is purchased from Nanjing love Happy environment friendly biological Technology Co., Ltd..
4. a kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method for promoting nitrogen holding capabilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) described15The sowing amount of the urea of N isotope labelling are as follows: every 80 square metres of soil application 10g；It is described15N isotope labelling Urea is purchased from Shanghai stable isotope Engineering Technical Research Centre, abundance 10%.
5. a kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method for promoting nitrogen holding capabilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) impose amount of the 12 bacterium multienzyme biological organic fertilizer in the phase of entirely bearing fruit is 100 kg/ mus.
CN201910281800.8A 2019-04-09 2019-04-09 A kind of greenhouse tomato cultural method promoting nitrogen holding capabilities Pending CN109983992A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN102101810A (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-06-22 北京市农林科学院 <15>N isotope labeled coated release-control fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN104059671A (en) * 2014-06-03 2014-09-24 河海大学 Facility secondary NO3<-> salinized soil improver, preparation method thereof and improving method
WO2017069717A1 (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-27 Isildak Ibrahim A biofertilizer formulation
CN106508391A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-03-22 青岛农业大学 Protected tomato planting management method
CN108083947A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-29 福建农林大学 A kind of tomato organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special material

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