CN109980643A - A kind of intelligent transformer and method based on perception low-pressure system parameter - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种基于感知低压系统参数的智能配变装置及方法，如果采集模块采集得到的二次侧的电压值超出设定范围，控制器发出调档指令，通过有载调容调压分接开关内部的电动机构来调整变压器的分接抽头，达到调压的目的；控制器根据变压器二次侧电流的大小来调整变压器的容量；本发明的智能配变装置的与有载调容调压分接开关、调容调压变压器组成有载自动调容调压配电系统，实施满足客户的负荷变化需求。有载调压系统能够保证终端用户的电压稳定在所需范围，提高供电质量。有载调容系统根据变压器终端用户的负荷调整变压器本身的功耗，达到节能的目的。
An intelligent distribution and transformation device and method based on sensing low-voltage system parameters, if the voltage value of the secondary side collected by the acquisition module exceeds the set range, the controller sends out a gear shift command, and the controller sends out a gear shift command, and passes through the inside of the on-load capacity regulating and voltage regulating tap changer. The electric motor mechanism is used to adjust the tap tap of the transformer to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation; the controller adjusts the capacity of the transformer according to the current on the secondary side of the transformer; The on-load automatic capacity and voltage regulation power distribution system is composed of the switch and the capacity regulating and regulating transformer, which can be implemented to meet the load change requirements of customers. The on-load voltage regulation system can ensure that the voltage of the end user is stable in the required range and improve the quality of power supply. The on-load capacity adjustment system adjusts the power consumption of the transformer itself according to the load of the end user of the transformer to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种智能配变装置，具体涉及一种基于感知低压系统参数的智能配变装置及方法。The invention relates to an intelligent distribution and transformation device, in particular to an intelligent distribution and transformation device and method based on sensing low-voltage system parameters.
背景技术Background technique
由于冬季采暖和夏季制冷的需求，用电客户同时使用电采暖和空调的时候，因单相供电的特性，低压配电系统今出现以下问题：Due to the demand for heating in winter and cooling in summer, when electricity customers use electric heating and air conditioning at the same time, due to the characteristics of single-phase power supply, the low-voltage power distribution system has the following problems:
末端电压合格率低：The qualified rate of terminal voltage is low:
线路实际电压偏离额定电压的大小作为电能质量重要指标之一，当实际电压偏离了正常允许波动范围时，受低电压影响，供电设备出力降低，影响用户设备正常使用，降低设备经济效益。对供电线路而言，电压降低，电流和损耗随之增大。由于农村用电受供电半径、昼夜负荷、季节负荷变化、负荷分布等因素影响，低电压现场极其普遍。The deviation of the actual voltage of the line from the rated voltage is one of the important indicators of power quality. When the actual voltage deviates from the normal allowable fluctuation range, the output of the power supply equipment will be reduced due to the influence of the low voltage, which will affect the normal use of the user equipment and reduce the economic benefits of the equipment. For supply lines, the voltage decreases, and the current and losses increase. Due to the influence of power supply radius, day and night load, seasonal load change, load distribution and other factors on rural electricity consumption, low-voltage sites are extremely common.
功率因数补偿欠补或过补：Power factor compensation under-compensation or over-compensation:
对变压器做无功功率补偿是台区的标配之一，无功补偿能有效减少变压器输出的视在功率，提高有功电能输送效率。目前配网的无功补偿普遍采用电容器补偿的方式，存在精度低，阶梯补偿，出现欠补和过补现象。Reactive power compensation for transformers is one of the standard configurations in Taiwan. Reactive power compensation can effectively reduce the apparent power output by the transformer and improve the transmission efficiency of active power. At present, the reactive power compensation of the distribution network generally adopts the capacitor compensation method, which has low precision, step compensation, and the phenomenon of under-compensation and over-compensation.
降低了供电可靠性：Reduced power supply reliability:
人工调整负荷的时候，接线过程费时费力，且需要不断反复进行接线工作，从而降低了供电可靠性。When manually adjusting the load, the wiring process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the wiring work needs to be repeated repeatedly, thereby reducing the reliability of the power supply.
现有技术如下：The prior art is as follows:
(1)一种智能有载调容调压变压器(CN207719034U)(1) An intelligent on-load capacity regulating and voltage regulating transformer (CN207719034U)
一种智能有载调容调压变压器，结构上调容调压装置，设有垫板的上表面设有调容调压装置，当智能有载调容调压变压器通电时，通过调容调压装置上的铁芯通电后，电流在上、下部铁芯中产生方向相反的磁通，它们分别通过铁芯各自构成闭合回路，通过活动绕组移至铁芯下端时，活动绕组和二级绕组交接，在二级绕组内感应的电流产生和相反的磁通，其大小一样，所以一级绕组的磁通为零，即电压为零，电容变小，所以通过活动绕组由下端向上移动来智能调节电容和电压，从而提高在调容调压方面的效果。An intelligent on-load capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating transformer is structured with a capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating device. The upper surface provided with a backing plate is provided with a capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating device. After the iron core on the device is energized, the current generates magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the upper and lower iron cores, which respectively form a closed loop through the iron core. , the current induced in the secondary winding produces and the opposite magnetic flux, and its size is the same, so the magnetic flux of the primary winding is zero, that is, the voltage is zero, and the capacitance becomes smaller, so the active winding moves from the lower end upward to intelligently adjust Capacitance and voltage, thereby improving the effect of capacity regulation and voltage regulation.
(2)有载自动调容调压电力变压器(CN106952713A)(2) On-load automatic capacity and voltage regulation power transformer (CN106952713A)
有载自动调容调压电力变压器，包括壳体，设置于壳体内的变压模块，具有低压绕组线圈及高压绕组线圈，所述高压绕组线圈与低压绕组线圈可分别通过星-角联结变换于串-并联变换以实现所述变压模块的电容转换，所述高压绕组线圈具有若干个分接头，所述高压绕组线圈通过接通不同分接头实现所述变压模块的电压转换。The on-load automatic capacity and voltage regulation power transformer includes a casing, and a transformer module arranged in the casing has a low-voltage winding coil and a high-voltage winding coil, and the high-voltage winding coil and the low-voltage winding coil can be respectively transformed into The series-parallel conversion is used to realize the capacitance conversion of the transformer module, the high-voltage winding coil has several taps, and the high-voltage winding coil realizes the voltage conversion of the transformer module by connecting different taps.
所述变压模块电性连接的调节模块，包括调容单元及调压单元，所述调容单元用于根据所述低压绕组线圈所输出的电压，使所述高压绕组线圈的星-角联结变换或低压绕组线圈的串-并联变换，以调节所述变压模块的电容；所述调压单元用于根据所述低压绕组线圈所输出的电压，择一地选择所述高压绕组线圈的分接头接通，以调节所述变压模块的电压。除此之外还包括电压监测单元，与所述低压绕组线圈的电压输出端电性连接，用于监测所述低压绕组线圈的输出端电压。The regulating module electrically connected to the transformer module includes a capacity regulating unit and a voltage regulating unit, and the capacity regulating unit is used to connect the star-delta of the high-voltage winding coil according to the voltage output by the low-voltage winding coil transformation or series-parallel transformation of the low-voltage winding coil to adjust the capacitance of the transformer module; the voltage regulating unit is used to selectively select the voltage of the high-voltage winding coil according to the output voltage of the low-voltage winding coil. The connector is turned on to regulate the voltage of the transformer module. Besides, it also includes a voltage monitoring unit, which is electrically connected to the voltage output terminal of the low-voltage winding coil and used for monitoring the output terminal voltage of the low-voltage winding coil.
所述调容单元及所述调压单元设置为一体化结构，所述调容单元具有用于使所述高压绕组线圈的星-角联结变换或低压绕组线圈的串-并联变换的调容开关，所述调压单元具有择一地选择所述高压绕组线圈的分接头接通的调压开关。具有隔离油的腔体，用于容纳所述调容开关或所述调压开关，以使所述调容开关或所述调压开关与外界隔离。位于所述腔体外部的调容驱动部件及调压驱动部件，分别用以驱动所述调容开关及所述调压开关动作。所述调容开关或所述调压开关置于立式圆筒式结构内，采用复合式电阻过渡埋入式有载调节方式。The capacity regulating unit and the voltage regulating unit are arranged in an integrated structure, and the capacity regulating unit has a capacity regulating switch for converting the star-delta connection of the high-voltage winding coil or the series-parallel conversion of the low-voltage winding coil , the voltage regulating unit has a voltage regulating switch that selectively selects the taps of the high-voltage winding coils to be turned on. A cavity with oil isolation is used for accommodating the capacity adjusting switch or the pressure adjusting switch, so as to isolate the capacity adjusting switch or the pressure adjusting switch from the outside world. The capacity-adjusting driving component and the pressure-adjusting driving component located outside the cavity are respectively used to drive the capacity-adjusting switch and the pressure-adjusting switch to act. The capacity regulating switch or the voltage regulating switch is placed in a vertical cylindrical structure, and adopts a composite resistance transition buried on-load regulation mode.
上述现有技术的缺点Disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art
1、上述方案一(CN207719034U)将调节开关置于变压器油箱外，这于将开关内置于油箱内相比，使得分接开关断电弧能力下降，可靠性降低。1. The above-mentioned solution 1 (CN207719034U) places the adjustment switch outside the transformer tank, which reduces the ability of the tap changer to break arcs and reduces the reliability compared with the switch built into the tank.
2、上述方案一和方案二(CN207719034U和CN106952713A)均不具备通过云控平台进行本地智能操作或远程监测遥控的技术。2. The above-mentioned solutions 1 and 2 (CN207719034U and CN106952713A) do not have the technology of performing local intelligent operation or remote monitoring and remote control through the cloud control platform.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于感知低压系统参数的智能配变装置及方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent distribution and transformation device and method based on sensing low-voltage system parameters.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
一种基于感知低压系统参数的智能配变装置，包括采集模块、调压模块、调容模块、滤油模块以及控制器；其中，采集模块、调压模块、调容模块以及的滤油模块一端均与变压器相连，另一端均与控制器相连；其中，An intelligent distribution and transformation device based on sensing low-voltage system parameters, comprising an acquisition module, a pressure regulating module, a capacity regulating module, an oil filter module and a controller; wherein, the acquisition module, the pressure regulating module, the capacity regulating module and one end of the oil filtering module Both are connected to the transformer, and the other end is connected to the controller; among them,
采集模块用于采集变压器的三相电压、三相电流、三相有功功率、三相无功功率、总有功功率、总无功功率、总视在功率、三相功率因数以及线频率参数；The acquisition module is used to collect the three-phase voltage, three-phase current, three-phase active power, three-phase reactive power, total active power, total reactive power, total apparent power, three-phase power factor and line frequency parameters of the transformer;
调压模块用于工作于自动、手动、远控三种方式；手动和远控为人工调整分接位置，从而达到调压的目的；在自动模式下如果变压器的三相相电压平均值大于电压上限时，控制器开始降档延时；降档延时时间到，控制器发出降档指令，使分接开关的档位下降一档；变压器的输出电压降底；三相平均电压小于电压下限时，经过延时后控制器将使分接开关上升一档，从而使变压器输出电压上升；The voltage regulation module is used to work in three modes: automatic, manual and remote control; manual and remote control are manual adjustment of the tap position, so as to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation; in the automatic mode, if the average value of the three-phase phase voltage of the transformer is greater than the voltage When the upper limit is reached, the controller starts the downshift delay; when the downshift delay time expires, the controller sends a downshift command to lower the gear position of the tap changer by one gear; the output voltage of the transformer drops to the bottom; the three-phase average voltage is less than the voltage Time limit, after the delay, the controller will increase the tap changer by one gear, so that the output voltage of the transformer will increase;
调容模块用于工作于自动、手动、远控三种方式；手动和远控为人工调整变压器容量；在自动模式下，控制器根据采集的三相电流中最大值来调整变压器的容量；The capacity adjustment module is used to work in three modes: automatic, manual and remote control; manual and remote control are manual adjustment of the transformer capacity; in the automatic mode, the controller adjusts the transformer capacity according to the maximum value of the collected three-phase currents;
滤油模块用于工作在自动模式，当调容次数与加调压次数达到滤油间隔菜单设置的次数后，控制器将启动一次滤油。The oil filter module is used to work in automatic mode. When the times of volume adjustment and pressure adjustment reach the times set in the oil filter interval menu, the controller will start oil filter once.
本发明进一步的改进在于，三相电流中的最大值小于设定的电流下限时，控制器开始降容延时；降容延时完成后，控制器发出降容指令，分接开关动作，变压器降到低容运行；三相电流中的最大值大于设定的电流上限时，控制器将使变压器工作于大容量状态。A further improvement of the present invention is that when the maximum value of the three-phase current is less than the set current lower limit, the controller starts derating and delaying; Reduce to low-capacity operation; when the maximum value of the three-phase current is greater than the set current upper limit, the controller will make the transformer work in a large-capacity state.
本发明进一步的改进在于，滤油运行时间由滤油间隔菜单中滤油时间设定。A further improvement of the present invention is that the oil filtering operation time is set by the oil filtering time in the oil filtering interval menu.
本发明进一步的改进在于，该装置还包括事件记录模块，事件记录模块与控制器相连；A further improvement of the present invention is that the device further comprises an event recording module, and the event recording module is connected with the controller;
事件记录模块用于记录SOE记录；包括升容、降容、升压、降压、滤油动作，并且记录动作发生时的三相电压、三相电流、功率以及高低容运行时间。The event recording module is used to record SOE records; it includes the actions of increasing, decreasing, boosting, decreasing, and filtering oil, and records the three-phase voltage, three-phase current, power, and high- and low-capacity running time when the action occurs.
本发明进一步的改进在于，控制器包括研判模块与通讯模块；研判模块运用逻辑算法，根据采集电压电流量，通过将采集数据与设定值比较，如果变压器处于电压过低或过高、容量过低或者过高，进行调压/调容动作，以调节变压器到正常状态。A further improvement of the present invention is that the controller includes a judgment module and a communication module; the judgment module uses a logic algorithm to compare the collected data with the set value according to the collected voltage and current, if the voltage of the transformer is too low or too high, and the capacity is too high If it is too low or too high, adjust the voltage/capacity to adjust the transformer to the normal state.
本发明进一步的改进在于，如果采集模块采集得到的二次侧的电压值超出设定范围，控制器发出调档指令，通过有载调容调压分接开关内部的电动机构来调整变压器的分接抽头，达到调压的目的；The further improvement of the present invention is that if the voltage value of the secondary side collected by the acquisition module exceeds the set range, the controller sends out a gear shift instruction, and adjusts the voltage of the transformer through the motor mechanism inside the on-load capacity and voltage tap changer. Connect the tap to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation;
控制器根据变压器二次侧电流的大小来调整变压器的容量；当三相中的最大电流小于变压器小容量电流的60％时，控制器将发出降容指令，使有载调容调压分接开关动作，调整变压器到低容量运行；当三相中的最大电流大于变压器小容量的60％时，控制器发出升容指令，使变压器升到高容量运行。The controller adjusts the capacity of the transformer according to the current on the secondary side of the transformer; when the maximum current in the three-phase is less than 60% of the small capacity current of the transformer, the controller will issue a derating command to make the on-load capacity regulation and voltage regulation tap. Switch action, adjust the transformer to low-capacity operation; when the maximum current in the three-phase is greater than 60% of the transformer's small capacity, the controller sends a capacity-raising command to make the transformer run at high-capacity.
本发明进一步的改进在于，通讯模块的通讯接口为两个为标准的RS485接口，通讯协仪为MODBUS RTU模式；用于远程传输云端控制，也用于就地组网，实现在中控室远程控制。The further improvement of the present invention lies in that the communication interfaces of the communication module are two standard RS485 interfaces, and the communication protocol instrument is in the MODBUS RTU mode; it is used for remote transmission cloud control, and also used for local networking to realize remote control in the central control room. .
一种基于上述智能配变装置的方法，如果采集模块采集得到的二次侧的电压值超出设定范围，控制器发出调档指令，通过有载调容调压分接开关内部的电动机构来调整变压器的分接抽头，达到调压的目的；A method based on the above-mentioned intelligent distribution and transformation device, if the voltage value of the secondary side collected by the acquisition module exceeds the set range, the controller sends a gear shift command, and the electric mechanism inside the on-load capacity and voltage tap-changer is used to adjust the voltage. Adjust the tap of the transformer to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation;
本发明进一步的改进在于，控制器根据变压器二次侧电流的大小来调整变压器的容量；当三相中的最大电流小于变压器小容量电流的60％时，控制器将发出降容指令，使有载调容调压分接开关动作，调整变压器到低容量运行；当三相中的最大电流大于变压器小容量的60％时，控制器发出升容指令，使变压器升到高容量运行。A further improvement of the present invention is that the controller adjusts the capacity of the transformer according to the magnitude of the current on the secondary side of the transformer; when the maximum current in the three phases is less than 60% of the small capacity current of the transformer, the controller will issue a derating command to make the The load-capacity and voltage-regulating tap-changer acts to adjust the transformer to low-capacity operation; when the maximum current in the three-phase is greater than 60% of the transformer's small capacity, the controller sends a capacity-increasing command to raise the transformer to high-capacity operation.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明通过设置采集模块，采集变压器的三相电压、三相电流、三相有功功率、三相无功功率、总有功功率、总无功功率、总视在功率、三相功率因数以及线频率等参数，如果采集模块采集得到的二次侧的电压值超出设定范围，控制器发出调档指令，通过有载调容调压分接开关内部的电动机构来调整变压器的分接抽头，达到调压的目的；控制器根据变压器二次侧电流的大小来调整变压器的容量；当三相中的最大电流小于变压器小容量电流的60％时，控制器将发出降容指令，使有载调容调压分接开关动作，调整变压器到低容量运行；当三相中的最大电流大于变压器小容量的60％时，控制器发出升容指令，使变压器升到高容量运行。本发明通过智能控制器，自动研判系统运行状态并进行调节。第一时间调整台区变压器运行状态，反应迅速，保证了系统安全运行，降低线路、变压器损耗，且无需人工操作，节省人力。The invention collects the three-phase voltage, three-phase current, three-phase active power, three-phase reactive power, total active power, total reactive power, total apparent power, three-phase power factor and line frequency of the transformer by setting the acquisition module. and other parameters, if the voltage value of the secondary side collected by the acquisition module exceeds the set range, the controller issues a gear shift command, and adjusts the tap tap of the transformer through the motor mechanism inside the on-load capacity and voltage tap-changer to achieve The purpose of voltage regulation; the controller adjusts the capacity of the transformer according to the current on the secondary side of the transformer; when the maximum current in the three-phase is less than 60% of the small capacity current of the transformer, the controller will issue a derating command to make the on-load regulation The capacity and voltage regulating tap-changer acts to adjust the transformer to low-capacity operation; when the maximum current in the three-phase is greater than 60% of the transformer's small capacity, the controller sends a capacity-raising command to increase the transformer to high-capacity operation. The invention automatically judges and adjusts the operating state of the system through the intelligent controller. Adjust the operation status of the transformer in the station area at the first time, and respond quickly, which ensures the safe operation of the system, reduces the loss of lines and transformers, and does not require manual operation, saving manpower.
本发明中根据研判结果的不同将信息发送至调容调压变压器，第一时间调整台区变压器运行状态，保证系统安全运行，降低线路、变压器损耗。同时，通讯模块将研判结果上送至后台终端，并在后台下发操作指令时及时反馈。本发明的智能配变装置中的控制器与有载调容调压分接开关、调容调压变压器组成有载自动调容调压配电系统，实施满足客户的负荷变化需求。有载调压系统能够保证终端用户的电压稳定在所需范围，提高供电质量。有载调容系统根据变压器终端用户的负荷调整变压器本身的功耗，达到节能的目的。In the present invention, information is sent to the capacity regulating and voltage regulating transformer according to the difference of the research and judgment results, and the operation state of the transformer in the station area is adjusted at the first time, so as to ensure the safe operation of the system and reduce the loss of lines and transformers. At the same time, the communication module uploads the research and judgment results to the background terminal, and provides timely feedback when the operation command is issued in the background. The controller in the intelligent distribution and transformation device of the present invention, the on-load capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating tap-changer, and the capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating transformer form an on-load automatic capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating power distribution system, which can be implemented to meet the load change requirements of customers. The on-load voltage regulation system can ensure that the voltage of the end user is stable in the required range and improve the quality of power supply. The on-load capacity regulation system adjusts the power consumption of the transformer itself according to the load of the end user of the transformer to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
图2为控制器的接线原理图。Figure 2 is the wiring diagram of the controller.
图3为本发明的智能配变装置的面板示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a panel of the intelligent distribution and transformation device of the present invention.
图中，1为采集模块，2为调压模块，3为调容模块，4为滤油模块，5为通讯模块，7为事件记录模块，8为控制器，9为变压器。In the figure, 1 is the acquisition module, 2 is the voltage regulating module, 3 is the capacity regulating module, 4 is the oil filter module, 5 is the communication module, 7 is the event recording module, 8 is the controller, and 9 is the transformer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本发明中变压器为调容调压变压器。The transformer in the present invention is a capacity regulating and voltage regulating transformer.
参见图1，本发明的基于感知低压系统参数并自行调整运行状态智能配变装置主要由采集模块1、调压模块2、调容模块3、滤油模块4、事件记录模块7以及控制器8等组成。其中，采集模块1、调压模块2、调容模块3以及的滤油模块4一端均与变压器9相连，另一端均与控制器8相连，事件记录模块7与控制器8相连。具体的，控制器8与变压器9通过jx2航插连接。Referring to FIG. 1 , the intelligent distribution and transformation device based on sensing low-voltage system parameters and self-adjusting the operating state of the present invention is mainly composed of an acquisition module 1, a pressure regulation module 2, a capacity regulation module 3, an oil filter module 4, an event recording module 7 and a controller 8 etc. composition. Among them, the acquisition module 1 , the voltage regulation module 2 , the capacity regulation module 3 and the oil filter module 4 are all connected to the transformer 9 at one end, and the other end is connected to the controller 8 , and the event recording module 7 is connected to the controller 8 . Specifically, the controller 8 and the transformer 9 are connected through a jx2 aerial plug.
采集模块1—本终端可用于采集变压器9的三相电压、三相电流、三相有功功率、三相无功功率、总有功功率、总无功功率、总视在功率、三相功率因数、线频率等电量参数。Collection module 1—This terminal can be used to collect the three-phase voltage, three-phase current, three-phase active power, three-phase reactive power, total active power, total reactive power, total apparent power, three-phase power factor, Line frequency and other electrical parameters.
调压模块2—调压模块可用于工作于自动、手动、远控三种方式。手动和远控为人工调整分接位置，从而达到调压的目的。在自动模式下如果变压器的三相相电压平均值大于电压上限(可设置)时，控制器开始降档延时(可设置)。降档延时时间到，控制器发出降档指令，使分接开关的档位下降一档。变压器的输出电压降底。三相平均电压小于电压下限时，经过延时后控制器将使分接开关上升一档，从而使变压器9输出电压上升。Voltage regulating module 2 - The voltage regulating module can be used in three modes: automatic, manual and remote control. Manual and remote control are used to manually adjust the tap position, so as to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation. In the automatic mode, if the average value of the three-phase voltage of the transformer is greater than the upper limit of the voltage (can be set), the controller will start the downshift delay (can be set). When the downshift delay time expires, the controller sends a downshift command to lower the gear position of the tap changer by one gear. The output voltage of the transformer drops to the bottom. When the three-phase average voltage is less than the lower voltage limit, the controller will increase the tap changer by one step after a delay, so that the output voltage of the transformer 9 will increase.
调容模块3—调容模块也可以用于工作于自动、手动、远控三种方式。手动和远控为人工调整变压器容量。在自动模式下，控制器8根据采集的三相电流中最大值来调整变压器9的容量。最大值小于设定的电流下限时，控制器开始降容延时。降容延时完成后，控制器发出降容指令，分接开关动作，变压器降到低容运行。Volume adjustment module 3—The volume adjustment module can also be used to work in three modes: automatic, manual, and remote control. Manual and remote control for manual adjustment of transformer capacity. In the automatic mode, the controller 8 adjusts the capacity of the transformer 9 according to the maximum value of the collected three-phase currents. When the maximum value is less than the set current lower limit, the controller starts derating delay. After the derating delay is completed, the controller sends a derating command, the tap changer operates, and the transformer is reduced to low-capacity operation.
三相电流的最大值大于设定的电流上限时，控制器8将使变压器9工作于大容量状态。When the maximum value of the three-phase current is greater than the set current upper limit, the controller 8 will make the transformer 9 work in a large-capacity state.
滤油模块4—滤油模块用于工作在自动模式，当调容次数与加调压次数达到“滤油间隔”菜单设置的次数后，控制器8将启动一次滤油。滤油运行时间由菜单“滤油时间”设定。Oil filter module 4—The oil filter module is used to work in automatic mode. When the number of times of volume adjustment and pressure increase reaches the times set in the “oil filter interval” menu, the controller 8 will start the oil filter once. The oil filter operation time is set by the menu "oil filter time".
事件记录模块7—本装置可以用于记录3000条SOE记录；包括升容、降容、升压、降压、滤油动作，并且记录动作发生时的三相电压、三相电流、功率以及高低容运行时间等信息。Event recording module 7—This device can be used to record 3000 SOE records; including capacity-raising, derating, voltage-boosting, step-down, and oil-filtering actions, and records the three-phase voltage, three-phase current, power, and level when the action occurs information such as running time.
其它—本装置还用于分接开关故障输出，并具有过电压、过电流、失电压报警输出。Others—The device is also used for tap changer fault output, and has over-voltage, over-current, and voltage-loss alarm outputs.
控制器8包括研判模块与通讯模块5。研判模块运用逻辑算法，判断当下系统处于何种状态，并将研判结果传送至通讯模块。The controller 8 includes a judgment module and a communication module 5 . The research and judgment module uses a logic algorithm to judge the current state of the system, and transmits the judgment result to the communication module.
通讯模块5—本装置通讯接口为两个为标准的RS485接口，通讯协仪为MODBUS RTU模式。Communication module 5—The communication interface of the device is two standard RS485 interfaces, and the communication protocol is MODBUS RTU mode.
有载调容调压分接开关是一种复合式电阻过渡埋入式有载调容分接开关，开关又隔离于变压器的单独油室，利用变压器油作绝缘和灭弧介质，其结构简单，体积紧凑，便于用户检修和换油。开关的安装法兰上面，即露出变压器油箱平面的那一部分，是机械传动部分，由单相电机带动二级蜗轮蜗杆做减速传动，利用弹簧“过死点”后释放的能量推动拨槽件由拨槽件推动槽轮，作传动一定角度的运动，完成开关的操作任务。在动触头支架的主动触头和辅助触头之间，由过渡电阻作切换过程中的限流作用；开关的动静触头上镶嵌铜钨合金，使开关的电气寿命足以能完成所规定的技术指标。The on-load capacity regulating tap-changer is a composite resistance transition buried on-load capacity regulating tap-changer. The switch is isolated from the separate oil chamber of the transformer. The transformer oil is used as insulation and arc extinguishing medium, and its structure is simple. , The volume is compact, which is convenient for users to overhaul and change the oil. The top of the installation flange of the switch, that is, the part that exposes the plane of the transformer tank, is the mechanical transmission part. The slotting member pushes the sheave to drive a certain angle of movement to complete the operation task of the switch. Between the active contact and the auxiliary contact of the movable contact bracket, the transition resistance is used to limit the current during the switching process; the dynamic and static contacts of the switch are inlaid with copper-tungsten alloy, so that the electrical life of the switch is sufficient to complete the specified technical indicators.
具体的，控制器8中的研判模块判断当下系统处于何种状态的具体过程如下：如果采集模块1采集得到的二次侧的电压值超出设定范围，控制器8发出调档指令，通过有载调容调压分接开关内部的电动机构来调整变压器8的分接抽头，达到调压的目的。通过该装置自动研判系统运行状态并进行调节。Specifically, the specific process for the judgment module in the controller 8 to determine what state the current system is in is as follows: if the voltage value of the secondary side collected by the acquisition module 1 exceeds the set range, the controller 8 issues a gear shift instruction, The electric mechanism inside the load-capacity and voltage-regulating tap-changer adjusts the tap of the transformer 8 to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation. Through this device, the system operating state is automatically judged and adjusted.
控制器8根据变压器9二次侧电流的大小来调整变压器9的容量。当三相中的最大电流小于变压器小容量电流的60％时，控制器将发出降容指令，使有载调容调压分接开关动作，调整变压器到低容量运行。当三相中的最大电流大于变压器小容量的60％时，控制器8发出升容指令，使变压器9升到高容量运行。The controller 8 adjusts the capacity of the transformer 9 according to the magnitude of the secondary side current of the transformer 9 . When the maximum current in the three-phase is less than 60% of the transformer's small-capacity current, the controller will issue a derating command to make the on-load capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating tap-changer operate to adjust the transformer to low-capacity operation. When the maximum current in the three phases is greater than 60% of the small capacity of the transformer, the controller 8 sends a capacity-raising command to make the transformer 9 run at a high capacity.
根据研判结果的不同将信息发送至调容调压变压器1，第一时间调整台区变压器运行状态，保证系统安全运行，降低线路、变压器损耗。同时，通讯模块5将研判结果上送至后台终端，并在后台下发操作指令时及时反馈。According to the difference of the research and judgment results, the information is sent to the capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating transformer 1, and the operation status of the transformer in the station area is adjusted at the first time, so as to ensure the safe operation of the system and reduce the loss of lines and transformers. At the same time, the communication module 5 uploads the research and judgment results to the background terminal, and gives feedback in time when the operation instruction is issued in the background.
本发明基于上述智能配变装置的方法为：如果采集模块1采集得到的二次侧的电压值超出设定范围，控制器8发出调档指令，通过有载调容调压分接开关内部的电动机构来调整变压器9的分接抽头，达到调压的目的。通过该装置自动研判系统运行状态并进行调节。The method of the present invention based on the above-mentioned intelligent distribution and transformation device is as follows: if the voltage value of the secondary side collected by the collection module 1 exceeds the set range, the controller 8 issues a gear shift instruction, and the controller 8 sends out a gear shift command, and the The electric mechanism is used to adjust the tap tap of the transformer 9 to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation. Through this device, the system operating state is automatically judged and adjusted.
控制器8根据变压器9二次侧电流的大小来调整变压器9的容量。当三相中的最大电流小于变压器小容量电流的60％时，控制器将发出降容指令，使有载调容调压分接开关动作，调整变压器到低容量运行。当三相中的最大电流大于变压器小容量的60％时，控制器8发出升容指令，使变压器9升到高容量运行。The controller 8 adjusts the capacity of the transformer 9 according to the magnitude of the secondary side current of the transformer 9 . When the maximum current in the three-phase is less than 60% of the transformer's small-capacity current, the controller will issue a derating command to make the on-load capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating tap-changer operate to adjust the transformer to low-capacity operation. When the maximum current in the three phases is greater than 60% of the small capacity of the transformer, the controller 8 sends a capacity-raising command to make the transformer 9 run at a high capacity.
本发明的智能配变装置的控制器与有载调容调压分接开关、调容调压变压器组成有载自动调容调压配电系统，实施满足客户的负荷变化需求。有载调压系统能够保证终端用户的电压稳定在所需范围，提高供电质量。有载调容系统根据变压器终端用户的负荷调整变压器本身的功耗，达到节能的目的。The controller of the intelligent distribution and transformation device of the present invention, the on-load capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating tap-changer, and the capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating transformer constitute an on-load automatic capacity-regulating and voltage-regulating power distribution system, which can be implemented to meet the load change requirements of customers. The on-load voltage regulation system can ensure that the voltage of the end user is stable in the required range and improve the quality of power supply. The on-load capacity regulation system adjusts the power consumption of the transformer itself according to the load of the end user of the transformer to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
本发明通过智能控制器，自动研判系统运行状态并进行调节。第一时间调整台区变压器运行状态，反应迅速，保证了系统安全运行，降低线路、变压器损耗，且无需人工操作，节省人力。The invention automatically judges and adjusts the operating state of the system through the intelligent controller. Adjust the operation status of the transformer in the station area at the first time, and respond quickly, which ensures the safe operation of the system, reduces the loss of lines and transformers, and does not require manual operation, saving manpower.
本发明中的控制器8接线原理，参见图2，控制器接线时需要注意以下方面：The wiring principle of the controller 8 in the present invention, referring to Fig. 2, the following aspects need to be paid attention to when wiring the controller:
1.电流输入的各相和极性必须与控制器的接线端子相符。1. The phases and polarities of the current input must be consistent with the wiring terminals of the controller.
2.电流互感器的变比根据变压器的容量选择，并且电流互感器回路应该通过短路片或试验端子再接入控制器。2. The transformation ratio of the current transformer is selected according to the capacity of the transformer, and the circuit of the current transformer should be connected to the controller through a short-circuit piece or a test terminal.
3.电流互感器的端子应该可靠接地。3. The terminals of the current transformer should be grounded reliably.
4.变压器在做高压试验时，低压侧到控制器的所有连线应该取消，分接开关与控制器的连接电缆也应拔出。4. During the high-voltage test of the transformer, all connections from the low-voltage side to the controller should be cancelled, and the connecting cable between the tap changer and the controller should also be pulled out.
本发明的智能配变装置的面板参见图3。The panel of the intelligent distribution and transformation device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3 .
对图3中的接线端子的说明，参见表1。See Table 1 for a description of the terminals in Figure 3.
表1接线端子说明Table 1 Description of Terminals
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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| CN111769548A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 | Remote intelligent regulation and control system and method for distribution transformer |
| CN111953249A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-17 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A Parameter Setting Method of On-load Voltage Regulator Transformer Considering Voltage Qualification Rate |
| CN112420361A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-26 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | On-load voltage regulation oil-immersed power transformer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111769548A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 | Remote intelligent regulation and control system and method for distribution transformer |
| CN111953249A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-17 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A Parameter Setting Method of On-load Voltage Regulator Transformer Considering Voltage Qualification Rate |
| CN112420361A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-26 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | On-load voltage regulation oil-immersed power transformer |
| CN112420361B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-01-04 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | On-load voltage regulation oil-immersed power transformer |
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