CN109964751A - A kind of method of the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements - Google Patents
A kind of method of the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN109964751A CN109964751A CN201910212608.3A CN201910212608A CN109964751A CN 109964751 A CN109964751 A CN 109964751A CN 201910212608 A CN201910212608 A CN 201910212608A CN 109964751 A CN109964751 A CN 109964751A
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- water chestnut
- rejuvenation
- mineral elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
Abstract
The invention discloses the methods of a kind of preserving seed of Mineral elements and purification and rejuvenation, belong to preserving seed technical field.The described method includes: (1) construction preserving seed pond, identification pond, rejuvenation pond and cultivar growth pool；(2) the aging kind of water chestnut with Mineral elements breediness is collected；(3) the water chestnut kind of Collection and conservation is subjected to Pregermination and seedling breeding, transplanted into Germplasm Identification pond, cultivated, screening meets the water chestnut kind of Mineral elements appearance characteristics；(4) rejuvenation of Mineral elements kind water chestnut；(5) will purificate and rejuvenate original seed nursery, and transplanting is cultivated in cultivar growth pool, and screening is reserved seed for planting, as purification and rejuvenation cultivar.The present invention provides the method for a kind of Mineral elements preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation, to the acquisition of Mineral elements resource, identifies and methods of reserving seed for planting are standardized, can effectively save original kind of property of Mineral elements；By the production to cultivar, the purity of Mineral elements production kind can effectively ensure that.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to preserving seed technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preserving seed of Mineral elements and the side of purification and rejuvenation
Method.
Background technique
Mineral elements belong to acerous water chestnut also known as won ton water chestnut, circle water chestnut, He Shangling, because major production areas concentrates on Jia Xingnan in history for it
Lake and surrounding body and gain the name, color of the leather is emerald green, and both ends are round and smooth, and with thin skin, meat tenderness, juice is more, sweet tea is crisp, faint scent and be better than other
Kind is treasure in water chestnut frequently as the specialty fruit of fresh food.
Mineral elements have long cultivation history in Jiaxing, according to records, the unearthed acerous charcoal in Jiaxing Majiabang Culture ruins
Change water chestnut away from modern existing more than 6,000 years history.Mineral elements have dense as the indigenous specialty in one, Jiaxing in locality
Cultural deposits, and be uniquely to enjoy great prestige China and foreign countries with the agricultural product of ' South Lake ' name, there is apparent local product characteristic, has become
For the Name card of city in Jiaxing.
Since 21 century, after fisherman's disembarkation, the unified management of South Lake scenic spot, original South Lake and its surrounding body South Lake
Expansion is gradually swung to the periphery small towns lake of Xiuzhou District, Nanhu District in a large amount of atrophys of water chestnut cultivated area, Mineral elements major production areas, preferably
The market supply of Jiaxing Mineral elements is ensured.But due to after cultivating water chestnut peasant water chestnut plant residue is not located in time
Reason, is allowed to plant waste and freely rots on river, larger to water quality impact over a period to come, therefore, local in recent years
Cultivating water chestnut on some main rivers is limited, Mineral elements cultivated area is caused constantly to reduce.
With the decline of Mineral elements cultivated area and leaving for some traditional farmers, the preservation to Mineral elements germplasm
Equal work are not carried out very well, the Mineral elements bought in the market phenomena such as there is long angles, and the kind characteristic of Mineral elements has into one
Walk the risk lost.
In addition, there is commodity variation, plantation effects after the cultivation of the pool in the limited and Mineral elements of outer river Mineral elements cultivation
The problems such as more other water chestnut kinds of benefit are poor, causes part peasant household that would rather plant the kinds such as red water chestnut, two corners blueness water chestnut, and with other water chestnuts
The plantation of angle kind, Mineral elements germplasm are influenced by its biological characteristics, cannot be isolated very well between different cultivars and be led to South Lake
Water chestnut germ plasm resource is polluted by other Varieties in Pollen Morphology, leads to variety deterioration.And peasant household has no ability to carry out south in the course of cultivation
The purification and rejuvenation of lake water chestnut kind eventually lead to and are difficult to buy pure Mineral elements product on Vehicles Collected from Market.
To sum up, Mineral elements can plant as Ways of Special Agricultural Products by the Name card of city and Red Boat on the Southern Lake of Jiaxing City there is no ground and
The risk that germ plasm resource is lost.Therefore, a kind of preserving seed of Mineral elements is badly in need of in this field and the method for purification and rejuvenation retains south
The biological characteristics of lake water chestnut are of great significance to the industry development of Mineral elements.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Mineral elements preserving seed and the effective ways of purification and rejuvenation, specifically include south
The collection of lake water chestnut germplasm and preservation, to the identification of breediness and product commodity, purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements kind and excellent
The supply of matter Mineral elements seed seedling, to ensure the purity of Mineral elements germplasm and its pure, the promotion Mineral elements industry of commodity
Sound development.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of method of the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements, comprising the following steps:
(1) preserving seed pond, identification pond, rejuvenation pond and cultivar growth pool are built；
(2) in Mineral elements period of high birth, the aging kind of water chestnut with Mineral elements breediness is collected, according to area, time to water chestnut
Kind is classified, and is stored in preserving seed pond；
(3) the water chestnut kind of Collection and conservation is subjected to Pregermination and seedling breeding, single plant is divided to transplant into Germplasm Identification pond, cultivated to adopting for the first time
Receive, screen first water chestnut fruit meet Mineral elements appearance characteristics water chestnut disk carry out bagging isolation continue to cultivate, in time harvest bagging water chestnut
Water chestnut kind that is aging on disk, meeting Mineral elements appearance characteristics is classified according to water chestnut disk, is stored in preserving seed pond；
(4) it by the water chestnut kind Pregermination and seedling breeding of step (3) Collection and conservation, plants according to same water chestnut disk seedling in same rejuvenation pond
Mode is planted, and flowering stage carries out fly net isolation, and fruiting period selection water chestnut fruit does not have proboscideous rejuvenation pond, harvests in each water chestnut disk the
The aging water chestnut fruit of fruit type rounding is reserved seed for planting in 2-4 water chestnut fruit, as purification and rejuvenation original seed；
(5) will purificate and rejuvenate original seed nursery, and transplanting is cultivated to as a result, 3-4 to each water chestnut disk in cultivar growth pool
A water chestnut fruit carries out screening and reserves seed for planting, as purification and rejuvenation cultivar.
The method of the present invention is suitable for Mineral elements germplasm collection preservation and the renovation of variety, it is necessary to be equipped with preserving seed pond, kind
Identify that pond, variety rejuvenation pond and cultivar produce pond.All equal irrigation and drainage in pond are convenient, moisture holding capacity and fertilizer conservation performance are strong,
Flood season is not submerged.
Preferably, the depth in the preserving seed pond is not less than 1m, the mud that bottom of pond has with a thickness of 10~20cm；
The depth in the identification pond is not less than 1m, and area is not less than 10m2；The depth in the rejuvenation pond is not less than 1m, and area is not less than
40m2, rejuvenation pond periphery has the frame for being laid with fly net, specifically, the frame of the 4 weeks high 1.5m of setting in pond, in order to water chestnut
Florescence lid fly net carries out insect isolation；The depth of the cultivar growth pool is not less than 0.8m, and area is not less than 667m2,
And periphery 1000m does not plant other water chestnut kinds, which can not plant water chestnut early period, can be changed by fish pond or paddy field
It makes.
In step (2), the specific germ plasm resource of Mineral elements is collected, and save, specifically:
In 9-10 month, Mineral elements abound with period, arrive Mineral elements main production area, screening, which is collected, has Mineral elements kind
Aging kind of water chestnut of characteristic, and pickup area, acquisition time, acquisition people etc. are recorded one by one.Kind water chestnut requires acerous, fruit properties
Meet Mineral elements kind characteristic, 13 grams of single fruit weight or more of aging fruit, fruit close to plant is detached from naturally, and water chestnut fruit density is big, energy
Naturally it is sunken to the bottom.Water chestnut kind carries out Unified number after collecting, and water chestnut kind is placed in mesh bag, is stored in preserving seed pond, no
It is opened with the water chestnut kind splitting dress that area, different time are collected.
Preferably, the water chestnut kind of different classifications is placed in different mesh bags, it is retained separately.
In step (3), the identification of Mineral elements germplasm is carried out to the water chestnut kind of preservation and is reserved seed for planting.
Pregermination and seedling breeding carries out in greenhouse mid-March next year, and left and right divides single plant to transplant into Germplasm Identification pond by the end of April,
Its agrobiology character is carefully recorded, preferably, one plant of plant is only planted in each Germplasm Identification pond, it is ensured that the list of cultivar origin
One.
It checks the shape of water chestnut one by one by water chestnut disk when primary recovery, eliminates the single plant of commodity difference, it is good to commodity
Single plant screening growing way is good, and first water chestnut meets the water chestnut disk of Mineral elements appearance characteristics, carries out bagging isolation, guarantees its subsequent water chestnut
Do not mixed by alien insect pollination.Preferably, the bagging isolation is not more than the insect prevention mesh bag of 60 mesh using mesh.
Water chestnut kind that is aging, meeting Mineral elements appearance characteristics on harvest bagging water chestnut disk, each water chestnut disk retain 3-5 water chestnut in time
Kind, the water chestnut kind of different water chestnut disks is placed in different mesh bags, water chestnut disk is divided to save.
In step (4), the purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements germplasm.
By the water chestnut kind of Collection and conservation after bagging isolation in step (3), seeding and seedling raising is carried out by the seeding method of step (3),
And it is planted by the method that a water chestnut disk water chestnut kind is planted in each purification and rejuvenation pond, and carefully record its agrobiology characteristic.
Each rejuvenation pond plant same water chestnut disk seedling, it is ensured that the purity of water chestnut kind, effectively prevent as parent is impure and caused by mix.
Flowering stage carries out fly net isolation, prevention and treatment foreign pollen pollution to rejuvenation pond.
Water chestnut fruiting period strictly carries out verification identification to each water chestnut disk, and screening does not have a proboscideous rejuvenation pond, and by its first
Water chestnut harvesting fall, emphasis on each water chestnut disk second, third, the 4th water chestnut fruit screen, select 13 grams of water chestnut fruit single fruit weight
More than, fruit type rounding, aging water chestnut fruit is reserved seed for planting, as purification and rejuvenation original seed.
In step (5), the production of Mineral elements purification and rejuvenation cultivar.
Culturing and transplanting seedlings are carried out to purification and rejuvenation original seed by the type of seeding of step (3), are carefully dug the whole strain of water chestnut seedling when transplanting
It rises, pays attention to not damaging the root that grows directly from seeds as far as possible, preferably, being planted in such a way that the spacing of 2m × 3m, every clump plant 2 plants when transplanting
Kind.Early period can not apply fertilizer material after plantation, while gradually deepen water level depending on sprouting water chestnut seedling growing state, water level highest when summer high temperature.
Post flowering, imposes foliar fertilizer 2-3 times.The foliar fertilizer is phosphorus potash fertilizer, promotes water chestnut fruit setting.
Mid or late August carries out harvesting as commodity link pin to first, second batch of water chestnut fruit, that is, each water chestnut disk, first and second fruit
It sells, emphasis screening is carried out to third, the 4th batch of water chestnut fruit, select fruit type rounding, 13 grams of single fruit weight or more of aging water chestnut fruit to reserve seed for planting, make
For purification and rejuvenation cultivar supply production.
After water chestnut growth period, the water in cultivar growth pool is drained, after waiting the water chestnuts pool slightly dry, is fallen to harvesting not in time
The old water chestnut fruit fallen is screened, and eliminates that some fruit type are small, the old water chestnut of commodity difference, continues to employ fruit type rounding, 13 grams of single fruit weight or more
Aging water chestnut fruit, support thin water and pass the winter, germinate naturally to second year, as cultivar seedling supply produce.
It is that the present invention has the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention provides the methods of a kind of Mineral elements preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation, acquisition, mirror to Mineral elements resource
Fixed and methods of reserving seed for planting are standardized, and can effectively be saved original kind of property of Mineral elements, be prevented water chestnut kind resource by external
The pollution of pollen, while by serial procedures such as acquisition, identification, purifying and rejuvenation, the germplasm purity of Mineral elements can be effectively improved,
Simultaneously by the production to cultivar, the purity of Mineral elements production kind can effectively ensure that.
By means of the present invention, the provenance quality for producing upper Mineral elements can be effectively promoted, Mineral elements germplasm is conducive to
It saves and innovates.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Mineral elements after being purificated and rejuvenated using the method for the present invention figure compared with market sale Mineral elements, and wherein A is
Mineral elements after purification；B is market sale Mineral elements.
Fig. 2 is nine parts of grab sample photos of market sale Mineral elements.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, following embodiment be explanation of the invention and
The invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of Mineral elements preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation, concrete mode are as follows:
A. the construction in preserving seed pond and pond of purificating and rejuvenating
In order to carry out the collection of Mineral elements germ plasm resource, identification, preservation and purification and rejuvenation, in this example, project implementation unit
60 have been built having a size of 6m × 8m, area 48m2, maximum water-storage depth up to 1.2m cement pit, be used for Mineral elements germplasm
Resource is collected, is identified, purification and rejuvenation and preserving seed, cement pit can be used individually as Mineral elements purification and rejuvenation pond, can also
4 areas are isolated into carry out simple physical as 12m2Preserving seed pond and cultivar identification pond, the reserved copper pipe of each pond surrounding
Jack can be used for installing isolation facility；In addition, also construction have 4 having a size of 60m × 80m, South Lake of the maximum water depth up to 1m
Water chestnut water chestnut kind produces pond.
All equal irrigation and drainage in pond are convenient, moisture holding capacity and fertilizer conservation performance are strong, flood season is not submerged.
B. the collection and identification of Mineral elements germplasm materials
At the beginning of 2016, it is collected by the Mineral elements production kind to the main Mineral elements producing region of Jiaxing City, is collected into south altogether
Region is swung in lake region domain, Nanhu District Xiang Jia and thousand mu of Xiuzhou District swings 8 parts of region Mineral elements, and after the screening of preliminary fruit shape, screening has
The water chestnut kind of typical Mineral elements character carries out nursery after number, and divides single-strain planting in cement pit at the end of April, at the end of July to south
Lake water chestnut plant forms are measured, and are screened when late August water chestnut primary recovery to water chestnut fruit, and the long angle plant of water chestnut fruit is eliminated,
Bagging is carried out to the single plant water chestnut disk for meeting Mineral elements character, the kind water chestnut in bagging water chestnut disk is screened mid-October, is sieved altogether
4 parts of bagging water chestnut kinds are chosen, every part of water chestnut kind respectively includes 3-5 Mineral elements kind water chestnut.
C. the rejuvenation of Mineral elements kind water chestnut
The 4 parts of bagging water chestnut kinds screened are numbered respectively and carry out nursery, are colonized in South Lake in late April in March, 2017
Water chestnut is purificated and rejuvenated in pond, plants 4 48m altogether2Cement pit, wherein No. 1 pond plants 3 plants, 2,3, No. 4 ponds plant 4 plants, when field planting
It is required that the water level of 30cm or so, gradually deepens water level to 80~100cm, just spends in early July water chestnut after increasing to temperature in June
Phase, cement pit was isolated with fly net, was checked one by one each purification and rejuvenation pond water chestnut disk at the end of August, found 2, No. 3
Rejuvenation pond water chestnut fruit is big, and fruit marketability is good, starts to carry out the harvesting of aging water chestnut kinds to 2, No. 3 mid-September, and to water chestnut fruit into
Row commodity property is investigated, and 2 pond water chestnut fruit shapes are consistent, and single fruit weight is average at 13.5 grams or so, respectively selects and remain kind of water chestnut 300
Or more as original seed it is spare.
D. Mineral elements purification kind is planted experimentally
In March, 2018 selects and remain the purification of kind with last year in Jiaxing City academy of agricultural sciences, aquatic vegetable crop belts, the garden Gu Tang
Original seed is kind of an original, by the way of culturing and transplanting seedlings, plants Mineral elements 1200m2, the whole strain of water chestnut seedling carefully dug, paid attention to by when transplanting
The root that grows directly from seeds is not damaged as far as possible, is planted by the spacing of 2m × 3m, and every clump is planted 2 plants, and early period can not apply fertilizer material after plantation, is regarded simultaneously
Sprout water chestnut seedling growing state and gradually deepen water level, water level highest when summer high temperature, Post flowering can impose foliar fertilizer 2-3 times, top dressing with
Based on phosphorus potash fertilizer, promote water chestnut fruit setting, mid or late August carries out first, second batch of water chestnut fruit, that is, each water chestnut disk, first and second fruit
Harvesting is sold as commodity link pin, is carried out emphasis screening to third, the 4th batch of water chestnut fruit and is reserved seed for planting, as purification and rejuvenation cultivar supply life
It produces.
It is counted by the malformed fruit rate of first and second batch of water chestnut fruit to harvesting, as a result as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, passes through this
Water chestnut kind of the invention after the purification of 2 generations, the malformed fruit rate of water chestnut fruit is 5% or so after cultivation, and the same period is available on the market to Jiaxing
Mineral elements carry out stochastical sampling, and count to malformed fruit rate, in the sample of 10 sampled as the result is shown, Mineral elements commodity
Malformed fruit rate differs greatly between different samples between 11.8%~61.8%, also has 11.8% wherein minimum, up to
To 61.8%, the siliqua rate of most of sample is 40% or so.The above results, which show to purificate and rejuvenate using the method for the present invention, imitates
Fruit is obvious.
The present invention was tested in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Xiuzhou District Jiaxing City academy of agricultural sciences test garden, from 2018
Actual effect sees that the Mineral elements seedling provided through the invention has the characteristics that fruit is big, acerous, commodity is good.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preserving seed pond, identification pond, rejuvenation pond and cultivar growth pool are built；
(2) in Mineral elements period of high birth, collect the aging kind of water chestnut with Mineral elements breediness, according to area, the time to water chestnut kind into
Row classification, is stored in preserving seed pond；
(3) the water chestnut kind of Collection and conservation is subjected to Pregermination and seedling breeding, single plant is divided to transplant into Germplasm Identification pond, cultivated to primary recovery,
Screen first water chestnut fruit meet Mineral elements appearance characteristics water chestnut disk carry out bagging isolation continue to cultivate, in time harvest bagging water chestnut disk on
Water chestnut kind that is aging, meeting Mineral elements appearance characteristics is classified according to water chestnut disk, is stored in preserving seed pond；
(4) by the water chestnut kind Pregermination and seedling breeding of step (3) Collection and conservation, in such a way that same water chestnut disk seedling is planted in same rejuvenation pond
Plantation, flowering stage carry out fly net isolation, and fruiting period selection water chestnut fruit does not have proboscideous rejuvenation pond, harvests 2-4 in each water chestnut disk
The aging water chestnut fruit of fruit type rounding is reserved seed for planting in a water chestnut fruit, as purification and rejuvenation original seed；
(5) will purificate and rejuvenate original seed nursery, and transplanting is cultivated to as a result, the 3-4 water chestnut to each water chestnut disk in cultivar growth pool
Fruit carries out screening and reserves seed for planting, as purification and rejuvenation cultivar.
2. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1),
The depth in the preserving seed pond is not less than 1m, and bottom of pond has the mud of 10~20cm thickness；The depth in the identification pond is not small
In 1m, area is not less than 10m2；The depth in the rejuvenation pond is not less than 1m, and area is not less than 40m2, rejuvenation pond periphery, which has, to be laid with
The frame of fly net；The depth of the cultivar growth pool is not less than 0.8m, and area is not less than 667m2, and periphery 1000m is not planted
Plant other water chestnut kinds.
3. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2),
The aging kind of water chestnut is acerous, fruit close to being detached from plant naturally, and water chestnut fruit density is big, 13 grams of single fruit weight or more of aging fruit.
4. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2),
The water chestnut kind of different classifications is placed in different mesh bags, is retained separately.
5. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3)-
(5) in, nursery carries out in greenhouse mid-March next year.
6. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3),
The bagging isolation is not more than the insect prevention mesh bag of 60 mesh using mesh.
7. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3),
Each water chestnut disk is reserved seed for planting 3-5.
8. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4),
13 grams of single fruit weight or more as the water chestnut fruit reserved seed for planting.
9. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5),
When transplanting, planted in such a way that the spacing of 2m × 3m, every clump plant 2 plants；Post flowering, imposes foliar fertilizer 2-3 times.
10. the method for the preserving seed and purification and rejuvenation of Mineral elements as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5)
In, after water chestnut growth period, the water in cultivar growth pool is drained, continues to employ fruit type rounding, 13 grams of single fruit weight or more aging
Water chestnut fruit supports thin water and passes the winter, and germinates naturally to second year, as cultivar seedling.
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| CN201910212608.3A CN109964751B (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2019-03-20 | Method for germplasm preservation, purification and rejuvenation of Trapa acornis |
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| CN201910212608.3A CN109964751B (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2019-03-20 | Method for germplasm preservation, purification and rejuvenation of Trapa acornis |
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| JP2010124816A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Fujita Corp | Method for regenerating submerged plant, and method for cultivating submerged plant, plant regenerating base, planting base, and floating island to be used for the method |
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| JP2010124816A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Fujita Corp | Method for regenerating submerged plant, and method for cultivating submerged plant, plant regenerating base, planting base, and floating island to be used for the method |
| CN107155585A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-15 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Trapa natans cultural method |
| CN107173016A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-19 | 刘胜范 | Narrow leaf Herba Stachydis introduce a fine variety artificial purification and rejuvenation implantation methods |
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