CN109964657B - Millet single-spike threshing machine - Google Patents

Millet single-spike threshing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109964657B
CN109964657B CN201910407518.XA CN201910407518A CN109964657B CN 109964657 B CN109964657 B CN 109964657B CN 201910407518 A CN201910407518 A CN 201910407518A CN 109964657 B CN109964657 B CN 109964657B
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China
Prior art keywords
threshing
millet
wheel
rotating shaft
cleaning device
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CN201910407518.XA
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CN109964657A (en
Inventor
赵凯
独俊娥
马建萍
闫凯
吕建珍
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College Of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Institute Of Crop Science Shanxi Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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College Of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Institute Of Crop Science Shanxi Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/18Threshing devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F7/00Threshing apparatus
    • A01F7/02Threshing apparatus with rotating tools
    • A01F7/04Threshing apparatus with rotating tools with axles transverse to the feeding direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B5/00Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
    • B08B5/02Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of millet single-ear threshing machines, and discloses a millet single-ear threshing machine. Comprises a feeding port, a threshing device, a grain cleaning device, a transmission device and a frame; the lower end of the feeding port is communicated with a threshing device, the lower part of the threshing device is communicated with a grain cleaning device, a frame is arranged below the grain cleaning device, three wheel axle sheets are arranged, a threshing wheel rubber plate is arranged on the wheel axle sheet far away from one end of the rotating shaft, and one side of the threshing wheel rubber plate extends out of the wheel axle sheet to be in contact with the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder; a plurality of strip-shaped bulges are arranged on the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder connected with the discharge hole, and are mutually arranged at intervals and are parallel to the rotating shaft; the lower end of the glume outlet is provided with a sectional air-guide chaff collecting bag. The invention effectively solves the problems that the millet fat is easy to be stuck and remain and the millet is easy to be damaged in the threshing process, and greatly improves the working efficiency of millet threshing.

Description

Millet single-spike threshing machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of millet single-ear threshing machines, in particular to a millet single-ear threshing machine.
Background
The seed threshing test is one of the very critical projects in the agricultural breeding link, and can effectively judge the maturity and quality of crops. In the past, people in this link are more adopting manual threshing because of the lack of support of scientific instruments, the efficiency is very low, and the people are often influenced by external factors. In recent years, single-plant threshing machines are widely applied, which brings great convenience to threshing tests of seeds. A single-ear threshing machine, also called a single-plant threshing machine, is a small electric threshing machine for threshing rice, wheat, soybean, millet or other grains. The existing single-ear threshing machine or threshing machine in the current market is mainly used for corn and wheat. Gu Zili is small, the fat content is high, the bran and dust amount is large, part of germ plasm seed coats are fragile and drop, the influence of static electricity is large, the time and the labor are consumed for manual threshing, and the manual threshing is very easy to mix, but mechanical production of millet in China is late in starting and low in level, and especially mechanical equipment for experiments is high in required precision, but the sales amount is small, so that the related research and development production has blank. At present, manual kneading threshing, dustpan cleaning and barely using wheat and rice threshing machines are mainly adopted. The working efficiency of manual kneading threshing and dustpan cleaning is extremely low, and the wheat thresher is adopted to thresh millet, because the wheat thresher is limited, the following problems exist: millet fat is easy to adhere to the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder and between wheel shafts; the wheel axle is easy to damage the seed coats of the millet; millet is easy to mix in a threshing bin, and if the millet cannot be cleaned in time, the threshing effect is affected; when fine and light impurities such as chaff are blown out of the machine, static electricity and dust pollution are easily caused. Moreover, when the existing wheat thresher is used for threshing millet, the work is not high.
Wheat thresher generally comprises the following main parts: threshing device, separating device, grain cleaning device, driving device and frame. Wherein, the threshing device, the separating device and the grain cleaning device are three components of the threshing machine. The working principle of the threshing machine is as follows: after entering a threshing device consisting of a threshing cylinder and concave plates through a feeding port of the threshing machine for beating and rubbing, short-grain threshing objects enter a grain cleaning device consisting of a cleaning sieve and a fan through a grid-shaped concave plate for cleaning; the long-out matters enter a separating device to separate the stalks from the seeds, the long stalks are discharged out of the machine, and the short-out matters such as the seeds enter a grain cleaning device below through sieve holes on the separating device to be cleaned; under the combined action of the fan and the cleaning sieve, small and light impurities such as glumes and the like are blown out of the machine, and clean seeds enter the grain collecting device through the seed collecting device.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the problems existing in the prior threshing Gu Zishi by adopting a wheat thresher, improves the prior wheat thresher, and obtains the millet single-ear thresher.
The millet single-ear threshing machine is actually combined with scientific research test work, is innovatively researched and developed for solving the problems existing in the current millet scientific research production, and solves the problem that small grain seeds are easy to mix by enlarging an inlet of a threshing bin, adjusting an included angle of a threshing axle, adding a flexible loading and taking observation window to the threshing bin and increasing the abrasion resistance of the observation window of the threshing bin; the influence of static electricity on special millet materials is solved through the flexible metal millet outlet; the problem of chaff raise dust collection is solved through the segmentation air guide chaff collection bag.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
A millet single-ear threshing machine comprises a feeding port, a threshing device, a grain cleaning device, a transmission device and a frame; the lower end of the feeding port is communicated with a threshing device, the lower part of the threshing device is communicated with a grain cleaning device, and the lower part of the grain cleaning device is provided with the frame; the transmission device comprises an electric motor; the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder and a threshing bin, a threshing wheel shaft is rotatably arranged in the threshing cylinder, the threshing wheel shaft comprises a rotating shaft and a wheel shaft piece fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a coupler; the lower end of the threshing cylinder is communicated with a discharge hole; the grain cleaning device comprises a cleaning sieve and a fan, one end of the grain cleaning device is connected with the chaff outlet, and the other end of the grain cleaning device is connected with the discharge hole;
The number of the wheel axle sheets is three, the included angles among the three wheel axle sheets are obtuse angles, a threshing wheel rubber plate is arranged on the wheel axle sheet far away from one end of the rotating shaft, and one side of the threshing wheel rubber plate extends out of the wheel axle sheets to be in contact with the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder;
A plurality of strip-shaped bulges are arranged on the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder communicated with the discharge hole, and are mutually arranged at intervals and are parallel to the rotating shaft; the lower end of the glume outlet is provided with a sectional air-guide chaff collecting bag.
The sectional air-guide chaff collecting bag comprises a compact mesh bag and a residue sealing collecting bag which is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the compact mesh bag, the upper end of the compact mesh bag is connected with the chaff outlet, and the lower end of the residue sealing collecting bag is communicated with the outside.
The density of the holes of the compact mesh bag is 50-70 meshes.
The upper surface of discharge gate is movable netted board, netted board articulates in the lateral part of discharge gate and is located the upper end of discharge gate.
The side wall of the threshing bin is provided with a threshing bin cleaning air hole.
The size of the feeding port is 8-10cm.
The front side surface of the millet single-spike threshing machine is detachably provided with a transparent composite board.
The transparent composite board comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the outer layer is an acrylic board, and the inner layer is a glass board.
The wheel axle piece far away from one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a fixing plate, and a threshing wheel rubber plate is fixedly arranged between the fixing plate and the wheel axle piece through a screw.
The motor is arranged on the frame.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The included angle between the three wheel axle sheets is an obtuse angle, so that the problems that millet fat is easy to adhere and remain and millet is mixed can be effectively solved, in addition, as the wheel axle sheet far away from one end of the rotating shaft is provided with the threshing wheel rubber plate, one side of the threshing wheel rubber plate extends out of the wheel axle sheet to be in contact with the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder, and when the rotating shaft rotates for threshing, the problem that the seed coats of the millet are easy to damage in the threshing process is solved due to the existence of the threshing wheel rubber plate; (2) The strip-shaped bulge is used for increasing friction of the grain ears in the threshing machine bin, so that the grain ears are more easily and quickly separated from the ear codes; the dense net bag can effectively prevent chaff from flying out, has good air permeability, does not hold back the air at the chaff outlet, and influences the suction force of the chaff outlet, namely, the net bag solves the problem that the suction force is not influenced, and can not fly out chaff dust, and residues such as chaff flying out from the chaff outlet are collected by the residue sealing collecting bag, so that the problems of suction force adjustment and dust pollution prevention are jointly solved by the dense net bag and the residue sealing collecting bag; (3) The application adopts the transparent composite board, and the personnel using the application can observe the conditions in the threshing machine in time through the transparent composite board, and can detach the transparent composite board once the mixing is found, so as to clean the threshing machine in time. The threshing bin cleaning air hole can timely clean residues in the threshing bin, namely when residues are found, a user blows air into the threshing bin from the threshing bin cleaning air hole, so that the threshing bin cleaning effect is achieved timely; (4) Because the upper surface of the discharge hole is the movable reticular plate, the metal reticular plate can reduce static electricity, the reticular plate is opened to facilitate the cleaning of the inside of the machine body such as arms, and the reticular plate can prevent grains from popping out of the discharge hole and scattering, thereby collecting the grains in a container in a concentrated way.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view between the spindle and the hub plate;
FIG. 3 is a partial front view of the threshing cylinder;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the lower end of the collection bag, i.e., the outlet of the sealed collection bag, being pinned;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the lower end of the collection bag, i.e., the outlet of the residue sealed collection bag, open;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the discharge port;
In the figure: 1. a feeding port; 2. a threshing cylinder; 3. a threshing bin; 4. a threshing wheel shaft; 5. a rotating shaft; 6. wheel axle pieces; 7. a blower; 8. a glume outlet; 9. a discharge port; 10. a motor; 11. a frame; 12. a threshing wheel rubber plate; 13. a strip-shaped protrusion; 14. a collection bag; 14-1, a compact mesh bag; 14-2, sealing a residue collection bag; 15. a mesh plate; 16. and a fixing plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The millet single-ear thresher is actually combined with scientific research test work, is innovatively researched and developed for solving the problems existing in the current millet scientific research production, and solves the problem that small grain seeds are easy to mix by enlarging an inlet of a threshing bin, adjusting an included angle of a threshing axle, adjusting tightness of the threshing bin, adding a flexible loading and taking observation window to the threshing bin and increasing wear resistance of the observation window of the threshing bin; the influence of static electricity on special millet materials is solved through the flexible metal millet outlet; the problem of chaff raise dust collection is solved through the segmentation air guide chaff collection bag.
The threshing machine solves the problems that the threshing of the millet by single ear cannot be mechanized, is easy to mix, has high breakage rate and heavy dust pollution of chaff, saves 30 to 50 labor in the threshing process, effectively reduces the mixing rate and realizes the mechanization of the threshing of the millet by single ear.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a millet single-spike threshing machine comprises a feeding port 1, a threshing device, a grain cleaning device, a transmission device and a frame; the lower end of the feeding port 1 is provided with a communicated threshing device, a communicated grain cleaning device is arranged below the threshing device, the transmission device comprises a motor 10, the motor 10 is arranged on the frame 11, the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder 2 and a threshing bin 3, a threshing wheel shaft 4 is rotatably arranged in the threshing cylinder 2, the threshing wheel shaft 4 comprises a rotating shaft 5 and a wheel shaft sheet 6 fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 5; the output shaft of the motor 10 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 5 through a coupler; the lower end of the threshing cylinder 2 is communicated with a discharge port 9; the grain cleaning device comprises a cleaning sieve and a fan 7, one end of the grain cleaning device is connected with a chaff outlet 8, and the other end is connected with a discharge hole 9.
The front side surface of the millet single-spike threshing machine is detachably provided with a transparent compound. The transparent composite board comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the outer layer is an acrylic board, and the inner layer is a glass board. The personnel using the application can observe the condition in the threshing machine in time through the transparent composite board, and once the situation that the transparent composite board is mixed is found, the transparent composite board can be detached, and the threshing machine is cleaned in time.
The size of the feeding port 1 is 8-10cm; the feeding port is enlarged, the grain ears are easy to enter, and the problem of small grain clamping and mixing residues is solved. A threshing bin cleaning air hole is formed in the side wall of the threshing bin 3; the threshing bin cleaning air hole can timely clean residues in the threshing bin, namely when residues are found, a user blows air into the threshing bin from the threshing bin cleaning air hole, so that the threshing bin cleaning effect is achieved timely.
The axle pieces 6 are provided with three, the included angles among the three axle pieces 6 are obtuse angles, the axle piece 6 far away from one end of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with a threshing wheel rubber plate 12, and one side of the threshing wheel rubber plate 12 extends out of the axle piece 6 to be in contact with the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder 2; because the included angle between the three wheel axle plates is an obtuse angle, the problems that millet fat is easy to be sticky and remains and millet is mixed can be effectively solved. In addition, the threshing wheel rubber plate is arranged on the wheel shaft piece far away from one end of the rotating shaft, one side of the threshing wheel rubber plate extends out of the wheel shaft piece to be in contact with the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder, and when the rotating shaft rotates for threshing, the problem that the millet seed coats are easy to damage in the threshing process is solved due to the threshing wheel rubber plate.
A plurality of strip-shaped bulges 13 are arranged on the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder 2 communicated with the discharge hole 9, and the strip-shaped bulges 13 are mutually arranged at intervals and are parallel to the rotating shaft 5; the strip-shaped bulges are used for increasing friction, so that grains are separated from the grain codes conveniently;
The lower end of the glume outlet 8 is provided with a collection bag 14; the collecting bag 14 comprises a compact net bag 14-1 and a residue sealing collecting bag 14-2 fixedly arranged at the lower end of the compact net bag 14-1, wherein the upper end of the compact net bag 14-1 is connected with the glume outlet 8, and the lower end of the residue sealing collecting bag 14-2 is communicated with the outside; the dense mesh bag 14-1 has a pore density of 50 mesh to 70 mesh. The compact net bag can effectively prevent chaff from flying out, has good air permeability, and does not hold the air at the glume outlet so as not to influence the suction force of the glume outlet. The residue sealing collecting bag collects residues such as chaff flying out from the chaff outlet, and the dense net bag and the residue sealing collecting bag jointly solve the problems of suction adjustment and dust pollution prevention.
The upper surface of discharge gate 9 is movable reticular lamina 15, and reticular lamina 15 articulates in the lateral part of discharge gate 9 and is located the upper end of discharge gate 9. Thus, the antistatic effect can be achieved.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, a fixed plate 16 is arranged on the wheel axle piece 6 far away from one end of the rotating shaft 5, and a threshing wheel rubber plate 12 is fixedly arranged between the fixed plate 16 and the wheel axle piece 6 through screws. The threshing wheel rubber sheet 12 is convenient to replace.
In summary, the device of the application is improved on the basis of the existing wheat threshing machine, and solves the problem that millet fat is easy to adhere to the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder and between wheel shafts; the wheel axle is easy to damage the seed coats of the millet; the millet is easy to mix in the threshing bin, so that when the device is used for threshing the millet, the workload of 10 days of the previous 10 skilled workers is shortened to 4 common workers, the working efficiency of threshing the millet is greatly improved, and the mixing and seed damage are avoided.
The above disclosure is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes can be made by those skilled in the art, which should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A millet single-ear threshing machine comprises a feeding port (1), a threshing device, a grain cleaning device, a transmission device and a frame (11);
The lower end of the feeding port (1) is communicated with a threshing device, the lower part of the threshing device is communicated with a grain cleaning device, and the lower part of the grain cleaning device is provided with a frame (11); the transmission comprises an electric motor (10); the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder (2) and a threshing bin (3), a threshing wheel shaft (4) is rotatably arranged in the threshing cylinder (2), the threshing wheel shaft (4) comprises a rotating shaft (5) and wheel shaft pieces (6) fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (5), and an output shaft of a motor (10) is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft (5) through a coupler; the lower end of the threshing cylinder (2) is communicated with a discharge port (9); the grain cleaning device comprises a cleaning sieve and a fan (7), one end of the grain cleaning device is connected with a chaff outlet (8), and the other end of the grain cleaning device is connected with a discharge hole (9);
The millet flour milling machine is characterized in that the number of the wheel axle pieces (6) is three, the wheel axle pieces are connected in pairs, and the included angle between the three wheel axle pieces (6) is an obtuse angle, so that the problems that millet fat is easy to adhere and remain and millet is mixed can be effectively solved;
A threshing wheel rubber plate (12) is arranged on the wheel shaft (6) far away from one end of the rotating shaft (5), and one side of the threshing wheel rubber plate (12) extends out of the wheel shaft (6) to be in contact with the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder (2);
A plurality of strip-shaped protrusions (13) are arranged on the inner side wall of the threshing cylinder (2), and the strip-shaped protrusions (13) are arranged at intervals and are parallel to the rotating shaft (5); the lower end of the glume outlet (8) is provided with a segmented air guide chaff collection bag (14);
the sectional air-guide chaff collection bag (14) comprises a compact mesh bag (14-1) and a residue sealing collection bag (14-2) fixedly arranged at the lower end of the compact mesh bag (14-1), the upper end of the compact mesh bag (14-1) is connected with the chaff outlet (8), and the lower end of the residue sealing collection bag (14-2) is communicated with the outside;
the upper surface of the discharge hole (9) is a movable reticular plate (15), and the reticular plate (15) is hinged to the side part of the discharge hole (9) and is positioned at the upper end of the discharge hole (9);
A threshing bin cleaning air hole is formed in the side wall of the threshing bin (3);
The front side surface of the millet single-ear threshing machine is detachably provided with a transparent composite board; the transparent composite board comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the outer layer is an acrylic board, and the inner layer is a glass board;
the wheel axle (6) is provided with a fixed plate (16) at one end far away from the rotating shaft (5), and a threshing wheel rubber plate (12) is fixedly arranged between the fixed plate (16) and the wheel axle (6) through screws.
2. Millet heading thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that the dense mesh bag (14-1) has a pore density of 50-70 mesh.
3. Millet single-ear thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the feed inlet (1) is 8-10cm.
4. Millet heading thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor (10) is arranged on the frame (11).
CN201910407518.XA 2019-05-15 2019-05-15 Millet single-spike threshing machine Active CN109964657B (en)

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CN109964657B true CN109964657B (en) 2024-06-11

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114375696A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-04-22 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 Thresher for single ear of millet
CN116420513A (en) * 2023-04-03 2023-07-14 绵阳市朝育机械有限公司 A single-branch non-mixing thresher for rapeseed breeding

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CN2035558U (en) * 1988-09-01 1989-04-12 李玉春 Axial flow roll thresher with returning unthreshed grain system
CN200976757Y (en) * 2006-10-19 2007-11-21 张文凯 Ear seeds thresher
CN101715677A (en) * 2009-12-01 2010-06-02 河南农业大学 Single wheat/rice plant threshing device
CN103650788A (en) * 2013-11-25 2014-03-26 河南农业大学 Indoor single-soybean-plant threshing machine
CN204338328U (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-05-20 田野创新股份有限公司 A kind of dehydrated vegetables screening installation
CN205005514U (en) * 2015-08-14 2016-02-03 盛铁丰 Corn threshing dust removal all -in -one
CN109328664A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-02-15 山东理工大学 A soybean thresher
CN209964680U (en) * 2019-05-15 2020-01-21 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所 Millet single ear of grain thresher

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Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2035558U (en) * 1988-09-01 1989-04-12 李玉春 Axial flow roll thresher with returning unthreshed grain system
CN200976757Y (en) * 2006-10-19 2007-11-21 张文凯 Ear seeds thresher
CN101715677A (en) * 2009-12-01 2010-06-02 河南农业大学 Single wheat/rice plant threshing device
CN103650788A (en) * 2013-11-25 2014-03-26 河南农业大学 Indoor single-soybean-plant threshing machine
CN204338328U (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-05-20 田野创新股份有限公司 A kind of dehydrated vegetables screening installation
CN205005514U (en) * 2015-08-14 2016-02-03 盛铁丰 Corn threshing dust removal all -in -one
CN109328664A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-02-15 山东理工大学 A soybean thresher
CN209964680U (en) * 2019-05-15 2020-01-21 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所 Millet single ear of grain thresher

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