CN109959579A - The measurement of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production and gas collector - Google Patents
The measurement of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production and gas collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN109959579A CN109959579A CN201910236575.6A CN201910236575A CN109959579A CN 109959579 A CN109959579 A CN 109959579A CN 201910236575 A CN201910236575 A CN 201910236575A CN 109959579 A CN109959579 A CN 109959579A
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- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
- G01N7/14—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference
- G01N7/16—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by heating the material
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Abstract
The invention belongs to safety control technology fields, and in particular to a kind of measurement of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production and gas collector.Described device includes: pressure explosion-proof container;Heating device;Battery suspension apparatus;Inert gas circulator;Battery charging and discharging module;Detection device;Explosion-proof relief module;Control system;Gas collection module.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following the utility model has the advantages that can carry out gas production measurement and gas collection by the gas that high temperature, overcharge, overdischarge triggering thermal runaway generate to lithium ion battery;Can real-time monitoring lithium ion battery thermal runaway process temperature and voltage change situation, reliable data supporting can be provided for the analysis of lithium ion battery thermal runaway.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to safety control technology fields, and in particular to a kind of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement
And gas collector.
Background technique
In recent years, electric car industry is developed rapidly in the world, the core component of electric car is
Power battery;In China, electric automobile power battery mainly uses lithium ion battery.However, cause due to lithium ion battery
On fire, the existing report of explosion accident frequency, safety problem are concerned.The safety issue of lithium ion battery is mainly since heat is lost
Caused by control, high temperature, overcharge, overdischarge etc. are to cause the major reason of lithium ion battery thermal runaway, high-temperature lithium ion battery
Lower thermal runaway generates gas, is one of the important means of research battery thermal runaway mechanism about its gas analysis.
Currently about lithium ion battery high temperature thermal runaway generate gas flow measurement and gas collector on the market
It is also nearly at blank, researcher usually builds easy device and carries out battery producing gas measurement and gas collection, to carry out lithium
The research of ion battery thermal runaway.However, gaseous impurity collected by easy device is more, the accuracy of gas production measurement result is not
Height causes subsequent gases composition analysis result and legitimate reading error larger.Therefore, it is necessary to for high-temperature lithium ion battery,
The thermal runaway that overcharge, overdischarge cause, special exploitation generates measurement and the collection device of the amount of gas, for battery thermal runaway
Analysis provides accurate data.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
It can be to lithium ion battery by high temperature, overcharge, over-discharge the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide one kind
The carry out quantitative measurment of gas produced by electricity triggering thermal runaway and collection device.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of measurement of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production and gas
Collection device, described device include:
Pressure explosion-proof container comprising chamber wall, top cover, pedestal form closed space;
Heating device comprising equally distributed multiple heating modules on circumference in the middle part of chamber wall, 1 be placed on top cover
Heating module, 1 heating module being placed on pedestal and 1 heating module being placed on battery;
Battery suspension apparatus is placed in inside pressure explosion-proof container comprising the string bag, upper end are suspended to container cap;
Inert gas circulator, the inert gas circulator and pressure explosion-proof reservoir, and there is indifferent gas
Body enters channel and inert gas passing away, and inert gas enters channel and inert gas passing away is respectively communicated with pressure and prevents
Quick-fried container intracavity;
Battery charging and discharging module comprising 2 binding posts and the charging/discharging apparatus being placed on chamber wall, 2 binding posts exist
Part in container is separately connected battery plus-negative plate;Outside vessel wall part connects charging/discharging apparatus, and the voltage of charging/discharging apparatus is adopted
Line concentration is connected on the binding post outside chamber wall;
Detection device comprising multiple temperature detecting modules, 1 air pressure detection module, multiple detection of gas flow rate modules;
The multiple temperature detecting module is placed near multiple heating modules one by one respectively, acquires the temperature near corresponding heating module respectively
Degree, wherein the temperature detecting module near the heating module on battery is placed on battery, for detecting the temperature of battery;Described 1
A air pressure detection module is placed in container cap;The multiple detection of gas flow rate module be respectively placed in inert gas enter channel,
On inert gas passing away;
Control system comprising power governor and control module, the control module are electrically connected with power governor;
The control system is electrically connected with heating device, battery charging and discharging module and detection device.
Wherein, the quantity of equally distributed heating module is 3 on circumference in the middle part of the chamber wall.
Wherein, the string bag is the high temperature resistant string bag.
Wherein, the high temperature resistant string bag is the insulation string bag.
Wherein, the inert gas enters channel and inert gas passing away in the same horizontal line.
Wherein, the quantity of the temperature detecting module is identical as heating module.
Wherein, described device further includes explosion-proof relief module, with pressure explosion-proof reservoir.
Wherein, the explosion-proof relief module includes explosion-proof relief channel, safety valve and explosion-proof relief container.
Wherein, described device further includes gas collection module, with pressure explosion-proof reservoir.
Wherein, the gas collection module includes gas collection valve, gas collection channel, condenser, gas collection steel
Bottle and vacuum pump;
In the detection of gas flow rate module that the detection device is included, including the gas being set on gas collection channel
Flow detection module.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
Gas production survey can be carried out by the gas that high temperature, overcharge, overdischarge triggering thermal runaway generate to lithium ion battery
Amount and gas collection;
Can real-time monitoring lithium ion battery thermal runaway process temperature and voltage change situation, can for lithium ion battery heat lose
The analysis of control provides reliable data supporting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the knot of a kind of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement provided by the invention and gas collector
Structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purpose of the present invention, content and advantage clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, to of the invention
Specific embodiment is described in further detail.
To solve prior art problem, the present invention provides a kind of measurement of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production and gas
Collection device, as shown in Figure 1, described device includes:
Pressure explosion-proof container comprising chamber wall, top cover, pedestal form closed space;
Heating device comprising equally distributed multiple heating modules on circumference in the middle part of chamber wall, 1 be placed on top cover
Heating module, 1 heating module being placed on pedestal and 1 heating module being placed on battery;
Battery suspension apparatus is placed in inside pressure explosion-proof container comprising the string bag, upper end are suspended to container cap;
Inert gas circulator, the inert gas circulator and pressure explosion-proof reservoir, and there is indifferent gas
Body enters channel and inert gas passing away, and inert gas enters channel and inert gas passing away is respectively communicated with pressure and prevents
Quick-fried container intracavity;
Battery charging and discharging module comprising 2 binding posts and the charging/discharging apparatus being placed on chamber wall, 2 binding posts exist
Part in container is separately connected battery plus-negative plate;Outside vessel wall part connects charging/discharging apparatus, and the voltage of charging/discharging apparatus is adopted
Line concentration is connected on the binding post outside chamber wall;
Detection device comprising multiple temperature detecting modules, 1 air pressure detection module, multiple detection of gas flow rate modules;
The multiple temperature detecting module is placed near multiple heating modules one by one respectively, acquires the temperature near corresponding heating module respectively
Degree, wherein the temperature detecting module near the heating module on battery is placed on battery, for detecting the temperature of battery;Described 1
A air pressure detection module is placed in container cap;The multiple detection of gas flow rate module be respectively placed in inert gas enter channel,
On inert gas passing away;
Control system comprising power governor and control module, the control module are electrically connected with power governor;
The control system is electrically connected with heating device, battery charging and discharging module and detection device.
Wherein, the quantity of equally distributed heating module is 3 on circumference in the middle part of the chamber wall.
Wherein, the string bag is the high temperature resistant string bag.
Wherein, the high temperature resistant string bag is the insulation string bag.
Wherein, the inert gas enters channel and inert gas passing away in the same horizontal line.
Wherein, the quantity of the temperature detecting module is identical as heating module.
Wherein, described device further includes explosion-proof relief module, with pressure explosion-proof reservoir.
Wherein, the explosion-proof relief module includes explosion-proof relief channel, safety valve and explosion-proof relief container.
Wherein, described device further includes gas collection module, with pressure explosion-proof reservoir.
Wherein, the gas collection module includes gas collection valve, gas collection channel, condenser, gas collection steel
Bottle and vacuum pump;
In the detection of gas flow rate module that the detection device is included, including the gas being set on gas collection channel
Flow detection module.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of measurement of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production and gas collection dresses
It sets, comprising:
Pressure explosion-proof container A with enclosure space, including top cover A1, chamber wall A2 and pedestal A3, the pressure explosion-proof
The internal volume V of containerContainer=1.0L, pressure limit are that 0 atmosphere is depressed into 6 atmospheric pressure;
The heating device B that muti-piece is used to heat pressure explosion-proof container A and lithium ion battery to be measured, the heating dress
It sets including equally distributed 3 heating module B1-B3 on circumference in the middle part of chamber wall, 1 heating module B4 being placed on top cover, set
Heater strip is connected in the heating module on 1 heating module B5 on pedestal and 1 heating module B6 being placed on battery, battery
It is wound on battery.The temperature range of heating module is 0 DEG C~480 DEG C, and the controllable rate of heat addition is 0 DEG C/min~60 DEG C/min;
For placing the battery suspension apparatus C of lithium ion battery, the insulation string bag is suspended to top cover, is placed among container
Position;
Inert gas circulator D, the inert gas circulator D is connected to pressure explosion-proof container A, and has inertia
Gas inlet passages module D1 and inert gas passing away module D2.
Battery charging and discharging module E, including 2 binding posts E1, the E2 and charging/discharging apparatus E3 being placed on chamber wall, 2 are connect
Part of the terminal in container connects battery plus-negative plate, and outside vessel wall part connects charging/discharging apparatus, and voltage acquisition line is connected to
On binding post outside chamber wall;
Detection device F, including 6 temperature detecting module F1-F6,1 air pressure detect F7,3 detection of gas flow rate modules
F8-F10;
6 temperature detecting module F1-F6 are respectively placed near 6 heating module B1-B6, acquire heating module respectively
Neighbouring temperature, wherein the temperature detecting module F6 near battery heating module B6 is placed on battery, for detecting the temperature of battery
Degree detection, the sensitivity of the temperature detecting module are 0.002 DEG C of temperature resolution;
1 air pressure F7 detection module is placed in container inner wall;
3 detection of gas flow rate modules F8-F10 be respectively placed in inert gas enter channel, gas collection channel and
On inert gas passing away;
Explosion-proof relief module G, including explosion-proof relief channel G1, safety valve G2 and explosion-proof relief container G3;
Gas collection module H, including gas collection valve H1, channel H2, condenser H3, gas collection bottle H4 and vacuum pump
H5;
Control system I, the control system include power governor and control module, the control module and power regulation
Device electrical connection;
The control system is electrically connected with heating device, battery charging and discharging module and detection device.
Using measurement lithium ion battery gas production as described above and the device of gas is collected to lithium ion battery gas production
It measures and collects gas step and include:
Step 1: measuring the weight and size of lithium ion battery to be measured, calculate battery volume.
Step 2: the lithium ion battery being placed in the battery suspension apparatus C of pressure explosion-proof container A, battery heated mould
Block B6 connection heater strip is wound on battery, and battery temperature detection module F6 is placed on battery, and battery plus-negative plate passes through wiring
Column E1, E2 are electrically connected with battery charging and discharging equipment E3, connect voltage acquisition line E4, E5, pressure explosion-proof container A is sealed.
Step 3: opening inert gas inlet and outlet valve, be passed through inert gas for a period of time, empty the sky in container
Gas makes full of inert gas in container, and keeping chamber pressure is about 1 atmospheric pressure, turns off inert gas inlet and outlet valve
Door.
Step 4: setup parameter sets starting and final temperature, heating rate, heating mode etc. according to test needs, if
Determine the parameters such as charging and discharging currents, blanking voltage.
Step 5: starting heating and charge-discharge procedures, by detect and control system record the time, temperature, heating rate,
Air pressure, electric current, voltage specific value;
Step 6: after thermal runaway process, naturally cooling to certain temperature to container;
Step 7: gas collection bottle H4 being vacuumized, the valve H1 and condenser H3 in gas collection channel are opened, closes valve
Door, the gas that collection part lithium ion battery thermal runaway process generates.
Described that lithium ion battery gas production is measured and collected in the step 2, step 4, step 5 of gas, heat up journey
The connection of sequence and charge and discharge, setting and starting can individually or simultaneously carry out the relevant operation of heating and charge and discharge, i.e., as needed
Heating and charge and discharge individually or simultaneously are carried out to battery.
Embodiment 2
The quality and size of lithium ion battery are measured, quality is denoted as m, and calculating its volume is V;
The lithium ion battery is placed in the battery suspension apparatus C of pressure explosion-proof container A, the pressure explosion-proof container
Internal volume VContainer=1.0L, battery heating module B6 connection heater strip are simultaneously wound on battery, battery temperature detection module F6
It is placed on battery, battery plus-negative plate is connected by binding post E1, E2 and voltage acquisition line, and pressure explosion-proof container A is sealed;
Inert gas inlet and outlet valve is opened, is passed through inert gas for a period of time, the air in container is emptied, makes to hold
Inert gas is full of in device, and keeping chamber pressure is about 1 atmospheric pressure, turns off inert gas inlet and outlet valve;At this time
Pressure is denoted as p0, temperature T0;
Initial temperature and final temperature are set, final temperature needs battery thermal runaway temperature, and heating rate and heating is arranged
Mode;
Start temperature program, the system that detects and controls record in real time the time, temperature, heating rate, air pressure, voltage it is specific
Numerical value;
After thermal runaway process, naturally cool to certain temperature to container, air pressure at this time be p, temperature T,
The amount of the substance of gas caused by lithium ion battery thermal runaway are as follows:
N=p0(VContainer-V)/(RT)-p(VContainer-V)/(RT);
Gas collection bottle H4 is vacuumized, the valve H1 and condenser H3 for opening gas collection channel make the gas in container
Into gas collection bottle H4, close valve, the gas that the lithium ion battery thermal runaway process of collection generates in case carry out gas at
Analysis.
Embodiment 3
The quality and size of lithium ion battery are measured, quality is denoted as m, and calculating its volume is V;
The lithium ion battery is placed in the battery suspension apparatus C of pressure explosion-proof container A, the pressure explosion-proof container
The internal volume V of AContainer=1.0L, battery temperature detection module F6 are placed on battery, and battery plus-negative plate passes through binding post E1, E2
It is electrically connected with battery charging and discharging equipment E3, connects voltage acquisition line, pressure explosion-proof container A is sealed;
Inert gas inlet and outlet valve is opened, is passed through inert gas for a period of time, the air in container is emptied, makes to hold
Inert gas is full of in device, and keeping chamber pressure is about 1 atmospheric pressure, turns off inert gas inlet and outlet valve;At this time
Pressure is denoted as p0, temperature T0;
Set battery charging and discharging program;
Start battery charging and discharging program, detects and controls system and record time, temperature, heating rate, air pressure, electricity in real time
The specific value of stream, voltage;
After thermal runaway process, naturally cool to certain temperature to container, air pressure at this time be p, temperature T,
The amount of the substance of gas caused by lithium ion battery thermal runaway are as follows:
N=p0(VContainer-V)/(RT)-p(VContainer-V)/(RT);
Gas collection bottle H4 is vacuumized, the valve H1 and condenser H3 in gas collection channel is opened, makes the gas in container
Body enters gas collection bottle H4, closes valve, and the gas that the lithium ion battery thermal runaway process of collection generates is in case carry out gas
Constituent analysis;
Embodiment 4
The quality and size of lithium ion battery are measured, quality is denoted as m, and calculating its volume is V;
The lithium ion battery is placed in the battery suspension apparatus C of pressure explosion-proof container A, the pressure explosion-proof container
The internal volume V of AContainer=1.0L, battery heating module B6 connection heater strip are simultaneously wound on battery, battery temperature detection module
F6 is placed on battery, and battery plus-negative plate is electrically connected by binding post E1, E2 with battery charging and discharging equipment E3, connects voltage acquisition
Line seals pressure explosion-proof container A;
Inert gas inlet and outlet valve is opened, is passed through inert gas for a period of time, the air in container is emptied, makes to hold
Inert gas is full of in device, and keeping chamber pressure is about 1 atmospheric pressure, turns off inert gas inlet and outlet valve;At this time
Pressure is denoted as p0, temperature T0;
Initial temperature and final temperature are set, final temperature needs battery thermal runaway temperature, and heating rate and heating is arranged
Mode sets battery charging and discharging program;
Dynamic temperature program and charge-discharge procedures simultaneously, the system that detects and controls record in real time the time, temperature, heating rate,
Air pressure, electric current, voltage specific value;
After thermal runaway process, naturally cool to certain temperature to container, air pressure at this time be p, temperature T,
The amount of the substance of gas caused by lithium ion battery thermal runaway are as follows:
N=p0(VContainer-V)/(RT)-p(VContainer-V)/(RT);
Gas collection bottle H4 is vacuumized, the valve H1 and condenser H3 in gas collection channel is opened, makes the gas in container
Body enters gas collection bottle H4, closes valve, and the gas that the lithium ion battery thermal runaway process of collection generates is in case carry out gas
Constituent analysis.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement and gas collector, which is characterized in that described device packet
It includes:
Pressure explosion-proof container comprising chamber wall, top cover, pedestal form closed space;
Heating device comprising equally distributed multiple heating modules, 1 heating being placed on top cover on the circumference of chamber wall middle part
Module, 1 heating module being placed on pedestal and 1 heating module being placed on battery;
Battery suspension apparatus is placed in inside pressure explosion-proof container comprising the string bag, upper end are suspended to container cap;
Inert gas circulator, the inert gas circulator and pressure explosion-proof reservoir, and have inert gas into
Enter channel and inert gas passing away, inert gas enters channel and inert gas passing away is respectively communicated with pressure explosion-proof appearance
Device inner cavity;
Battery charging and discharging module comprising 2 binding posts and the charging/discharging apparatus being placed on chamber wall, 2 binding posts are in container
Interior part is separately connected battery plus-negative plate;Outside vessel wall part connects charging/discharging apparatus, the voltage acquisition line of charging/discharging apparatus
It is connected on the binding post outside chamber wall;
Detection device comprising multiple temperature detecting modules, 1 air pressure detection module, multiple detection of gas flow rate modules;It is described
Multiple temperature detecting modules are placed near multiple heating modules one by one respectively, acquire the temperature near corresponding heating module respectively,
Wherein the temperature detecting module near the heating module on battery is placed on battery, for detecting the temperature of battery;1 gas
Pressure detection module is placed in container cap;The multiple detection of gas flow rate module is respectively placed in inert gas and enters channel, inertia
On gas outlet channels;
Control system comprising power governor and control module, the control module are electrically connected with power governor;
The control system is electrically connected with heating device, battery charging and discharging module and detection device.
2. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as described in claim 1 and gas collector, feature exist
In the quantity of equally distributed heating module is 3 on circumference in the middle part of the chamber wall.
3. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as described in claim 1 and gas collector, feature exist
In the string bag is the high temperature resistant string bag.
4. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as claimed in claim 3 and gas collector, feature exist
In the high temperature resistant string bag is the insulation string bag.
5. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as described in claim 1 and gas collector, feature exist
In the inert gas enters channel and inert gas passing away in the same horizontal line.
6. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as described in claim 1 and gas collector, feature exist
In the quantity of the temperature detecting module is identical as heating module.
7. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as described in claim 1 and gas collector, feature exist
In described device further includes explosion-proof relief module, with pressure explosion-proof reservoir.
8. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as claimed in claim 7 and gas collector, feature exist
In the explosion-proof relief module includes explosion-proof relief channel, safety valve and explosion-proof relief container.
9. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as described in claim 1 and gas collector, feature exist
In described device further includes gas collection module, with pressure explosion-proof reservoir.
10. lithium ion battery thermal runaway process gas production measurement as claimed in claim 9 and gas collector, feature exist
In the gas collection module includes gas collection valve, gas collection channel, condenser, gas collection steel cylinder and vacuum pump;
In the detection of gas flow rate module that the detection device is included, including the gas flow being set on gas collection channel
Detection module.
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