CN109944593B - Reinforcing method for shield tunnel to penetrate existing building - Google Patents
Reinforcing method for shield tunnel to penetrate existing building Download PDFInfo
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- CN109944593B CN109944593B CN201910137909.4A CN201910137909A CN109944593B CN 109944593 B CN109944593 B CN 109944593B CN 201910137909 A CN201910137909 A CN 201910137909A CN 109944593 B CN109944593 B CN 109944593B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction methods, in particular to a reinforcing method for a shield tunnel to penetrate through an existing building. Constructing reinforcing piles on two transverse sides of an existing building, penetrating anchor cables in soil between the existing building and a shield tunnel, stretching the anchor cables to a designed strength, fixing two ends of each anchor cable on the reinforcing piles, then grouting into the soil below the existing building, wrapping the anchor cables by grouting to form a reinforced concrete structure for bearing the existing building, and finishing the reinforcement of the existing building after the grouting reaches the designed strength. The reinforcing structure is simple, the pile foundation and the internal structure of the existing building are completely avoided, the existing building is prevented from being damaged, the integrity and the safety of the existing building are completely protected, and the reinforcing structure has great popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction methods, in particular to a reinforcing method for a shield tunnel to penetrate through an existing building.
Background
With the increasing subway construction in China, the shield tunnel passes through the existing building and is difficult to avoid. When the existing building is penetrated under the shield tunnel, sleeve valve pipe grouting is conducted around the house in the traditional method, the geology below the existing building is restrained, and the bearing capacity of the whole geology is improved. However, due to the fact that the weight of the existing building is increased, uneven settlement of the existing building is too large due to poor geology below the existing building, and cracking of the wall of the existing building to be penetrated through is caused, so that the existing building becomes a dangerous house, and particularly, the existing building is very expensive in the north, the top, the wide and the deep house price in the first-line city.
Aiming at the problem, the Chinese invention patent with the patent number of CN107119732A named as a group beam active underpinning method of a shield tunnel underpass building provides a method for reinforcing the shield tunnel underpass building, the method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out earth excavation and reinforcing and waterproofing treatment on an indoor ground bottom, then constructing a pile foundation, and then manufacturing a main beam on the pile foundation; then embedding a secondary beam on a foundation upright column to be underpinned at the bottom of the building, wherein two ends of the secondary beam are respectively erected on a main beam through hydraulic jacks, and the building in the area affected by the subway tunnel is supported by the pile foundation, the main beam and the secondary beam; finally, monitoring the settlement condition of the upright columns in real time, and if the upright columns are settled, adjusting the settlement of the main beams and the house through a hydraulic jack; and if the stand column does not settle or does not settle any more, cutting the original stand column of the house below the secondary beam through the shield tunneling machine, and enabling the tunnel to pass through the lower part of the house. The method can well control the settlement of the whole building, but the indoor bottom of the building needs to be excavated, so that the damage to the whole building is large, the method is not beneficial to popularization and use, and particularly for ancient buildings, the indoor excavation method is difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing building is damaged greatly and is difficult to popularize in the reinforcing method for the shield tunnel lower-penetrating building in the prior art, and provides the reinforcing method for the shield tunnel lower-penetrating existing building.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a reinforcing method for a shield tunnel to penetrate through an existing building is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing reinforcing piles on two transverse sides of an existing building, penetrating anchor cables in soil between the existing building and a shield tunnel, stretching the anchor cables to a designed strength, fixing two ends of each anchor cable on the reinforcing piles, then grouting into the soil below the existing building, wrapping the anchor cables by grouting to form a reinforced concrete structure for bearing the existing building, and finishing the reinforcement of the existing building after the grouting reaches the designed strength.
Further, the method for constructing the reinforcing piles on the two transverse sides of the existing building comprises the following steps: and constructing steel cofferdams on two transverse sides of the existing building as construction platforms, and constructing a plurality of reinforcing piles in the steel cofferdams at intervals along the advancing direction of the shield tunnel.
The method for further penetrating the anchor cable in the soil body between the existing building and the shield tunnel comprises the following steps: drilling a hole in the soil body between the existing building and the shield tunnel, penetrating a longitudinal pipeline arranged along the advancing direction of the shield tunnel and a transverse pipeline vertical to the advancing direction of the shield tunnel into the drilled hole, and penetrating an anchor cable through the transverse pipeline.
If there is no supporting pile foundation under the existing building, the transverse supporting structure is only arranged with transverse pipes.
The further method for drilling the soil body between the existing building and the shield tunnel comprises the following steps: and drilling along the advancing direction of the shield tunnel and the advancing direction vertical to the shield tunnel, wherein the drilling hole avoids the pile foundation below the existing building.
The further method for penetrating the transverse pipeline vertical to the advancing direction of the shield tunnel into the drill hole comprises the following steps: and (3) penetrating a transverse pipeline into the drill hole along the advancing direction of the vertical shield tunnel, so that pipe bodies of pore-free parts at two ends of the transverse pipeline are positioned at the pile top of the reinforcing pile.
The further method for tensioning the anchor cable comprises the following steps: and pouring a connecting beam at the pile top of the reinforcing pile, connecting a row of reinforcing piles at the same side of the existing building into a whole, pouring a pipe body of the transverse pipeline at the pile top of the reinforcing pile into the connecting beam, and stretching the anchor cable by depending on the connecting beam after the connecting beam reaches the design strength.
The further method for pouring the connecting beam on the pile top of the reinforced pile comprises the following steps: connecting steel bars are reserved at the pile top of the reinforcing pile during construction of the reinforcing pile, a steel bar framework of the connecting beam is bound on the reserved connecting steel bars, and then concrete is poured to form the connecting beam.
The further method for grouting into the soil below the existing building comprises the following steps: and grouting into the longitudinal pipeline and the transverse pipeline, wherein grouting slurry enters the soil body below the existing building through grouting through holes in the grouting pipes in the longitudinal pipeline and the transverse pipeline, and the soil body below the existing building is reinforced.
And further inserting sleeve valve pipes at two transverse sides of the existing building, grouting into soil at two transverse sides of the existing building through the sleeve valve pipes to form a waterproof curtain, and constructing reinforcing piles at one side of the waterproof curtain away from the existing building after the waterproof curtain reaches the design strength.
The invention constructs reinforcing piles at two transverse sides of an existing building, transverse and longitudinal pipelines are arranged in a soil body between the existing building and a shield tunnel in a penetrating mode, the pipelines are grouting pipes, the transverse pipelines penetrate anchor ropes, two ends of each transverse pipeline are fixed on a connecting beam at the top end of each reinforcing pile, the anchor ropes are tensioned after the concrete strength of the connecting beams reaches the tensile strength, then the pipelines are grouted, slurry enters the soil body around the pipelines, the anchor ropes are wrapped by the grouting to form a reinforced concrete structure for bearing the existing building, and the existing building is reinforced after the grouting reaches the designed strength. The supporting force formed by the tensile force of the anchor cable is converted into the supporting force formed by the reverse friction force of the reinforced pile foundation through the reinforcing pile, so that the effect of supporting the existing building is achieved. Meanwhile, the pipeline is grouted after being tensioned, and the grouting body is injected into the soil body through the grouting holes to form a reinforcing layer, so that the effect of blocking the sand settlement above the reinforcing body is achieved.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. according to the invention, portal structures are arranged on the two transverse sides and below the existing building to support and fix the existing building, so that the problem that the existing building is damaged when being excavated is avoided;
2. according to the invention, the vertical supporting structures on the two sides are provided with the tensioning structures, so that the transverse supporting structure below the existing building is tensioned, the sinking acting force of the existing building is effectively transmitted to the reinforcing pile foundation reverse friction force, and the risks of the sinking of the existing building and the soil change to the shield tunnel construction are avoided;
3. the invention carries out grouting reinforcement on the soil body below the existing building through the grouting pipeline, and firstly, a reinforcing layer is formed to obstruct sandy soil settlement above the reinforcing body, so that sandy soil settlement caused by water loss when the shield passes through the building is avoided. Secondly, the rigidity of the soil body below can be enhanced to avoid the sinking problem, and thirdly, a stable supporting structure can be formed to support the existing building;
4. according to the invention, the steel cofferdam is used as a construction platform for reinforcing piles and connecting beams, so that the construction risk problem caused by the sinking and water seepage of the roadbed at two sides of the existing building is avoided, the safety problem of constructors is ensured, and the efficiency and safety of construction operation are improved;
5. the sleeve valve pipes are used for grouting and reinforcing the soil body between the vertical supporting structure and the existing building to form a water (soil) stop curtain structure, so that the problem of large ground surface settlement possibly caused by a water-rich sand layer in the construction process is solved;
6. the reinforcing method provided by the invention is wide in application range, is suitable for reinforcing various structures, and can be used for reinforcing whether the structures are tall or tall and the stratum is complex or whether the building has a pile foundation or not.
The reinforcing structure is simple, the problem that the water-rich sand layer below the house pile foundation is dehydrated and settled due to shield construction is completely solved, the pile foundation and the internal structure of the existing building are completely avoided, the damage to the existing building is avoided, the integrity and the safety of the existing building are completely protected, and the reinforcing structure has great popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a front view of the reinforcement structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2: the reinforcing structure of the present invention is schematically illustrated from a top view;
wherein: 1-longitudinal pipeline; 2-a transverse duct; 3, reinforcing piles; 4-connecting the beam; 5, steel cofferdam; 6-existing building; 7-pile foundation.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the existing building 6 is penetrated under the shield tunnel for reinforcement, if the soil layer under the existing building 6 is a water-rich sand layer, in order to avoid the problem of the subsurface layer caused by excessive precipitation in the construction process, waterproof curtains need to be constructed on the two transverse sides of the existing building 6 in advance, sleeve valve pipes are inserted into the soil around the 1-meter interval of the existing building 6, and then the soil is reinforced by grouting.
If the soil under the existing building 6 is not a water-rich soil layer, the construction of the waterproof curtain is not needed. The reinforcing structure is in fact a portal structure comprising vertical support structures located on both lateral sides of the existing building 6 and lateral support structures located in the soil body between the lower side of the existing building 6 and the upper side of the shield tunnel. As shown in fig. 1-2, in this embodiment, before constructing a vertical supporting structure, steel cofferdams 5 are constructed on two lateral sides of an existing building 6 in advance to serve as a construction platform, reinforcing piles 3 are inserted into the steel cofferdams 5, a plurality of reinforcing piles 3 are arranged at intervals along the advancing direction of a shield tunnel, and reinforcing steel bars of about 1m are reserved at the upper ends of the reinforcing piles 3 to prepare for a continuous beam 4 for subsequent construction.
As shown in fig. 2, the transverse supporting structure of the present embodiment includes a plurality of longitudinal pipes 1 arranged along the traveling direction of the shield tunnel and a plurality of transverse pipes 2 perpendicular to the traveling direction of the shield tunnel, the longitudinal pipes 1 and the transverse pipes 2 are grouting pipes having a plurality of grouting through holes uniformly distributed on the pipe body, and the longitudinal pipes 1 and the transverse pipes 2 are arranged in a criss-cross manner and hooked together by grouting into the pipes to form a reinforced concrete structure supporting the existing building 6. The longitudinal pipeline 1 and the transverse pipeline 2 are grouting pipelines which penetrate through gaps of a pile foundation 7 below an existing building 6.
Firstly, anchor cable holes are drilled by utilizing automatic guiding drilling equipment, then a longitudinal pipeline 1 with holes and a transverse pipeline 2 are penetrated, anchor cables are penetrated into the transverse pipeline 2, and the anchor cables are connected with a tensioning anchorage device in a steel cofferdam 5. After all the longitudinal pipelines 1 and the transverse pipelines 2 are constructed, firstly, the anchor cable is stretched and fixed by using a stretching anchorage device, then grouting is carried out in the transverse pipelines 2, grouting slurry permeates into soil below the existing building 6 through a grouting through hole, the soil is reinforced, the slurry flows into the soil to form a soil stopping curtain, and the settlement of the soil on the upper part of the anchor cable caused by the settlement of the lower part of the anchor cable is prevented.
A hollow block with the width of 3 meters is reserved on the inner side of the existing building 6 to be used as a connecting beam 4, the width of the connecting beam 4 depends on the tensile force of the anchor cable, the purpose is to resist the tensile force of the anchor cable and reduce the bending moment on the reinforcing pile 3, the connecting beam 4 is of a reinforced concrete structure, and the reinforcing steel bars inside the connecting beam and the reinforcing pile foundation are reserved with reinforcing steel bars with the height of 1 meter to be bound with each other. As shown in fig. 1, the tie beam 4 is cast on the upper end of a row of reinforcing piles 3 on the same side of an existing building 6.
In the embodiment, two ends of the anchor cable and the transverse steel pipe 2 are partially poured and fixed in the connecting beam 4, and in order to avoid hole blockage, the pipe body extending from the transverse steel pipe 2 to the connecting beam 4 is of a closed pipeline structure with a pore-free surface.
During actual construction: 1. constructing steel cofferdams 5 on two transverse sides of an existing building 6 to serve as construction platforms;
2. constructing a reinforcing pile 3 in the steel cofferdam 5, and reserving pile top reinforcing steel bars of the reinforcing pile 3;
3. drilling a soil body between the existing building 6 and the shield tunnel, penetrating a transverse pipeline 2 and a longitudinal pipeline 1 into the drilled hole, and penetrating an anchor cable into the transverse pipeline 2;
4. binding connecting beam 4 steel bars at the pile top of the reinforcing pile 3, binding and fixing the connecting beam 4 steel bars and the pile top steel bars together, pouring the connecting beam 4, and enabling the non-porous parts at the two ends of the transverse pipeline 2 to penetrate through the connecting beam 4;
5. and after the strength of the connecting beam 4 meets the requirement, tensioning the anchor cable, grouting into the transverse pipeline 2 and the longitudinal pipeline 1 after the design requirement is met, and finishing the construction of the reinforced structure after the grouting reaches the design strength.
As shown in fig. 2, the longitudinal direction of the present embodiment refers to a traveling direction of the shield tunnel, i.e., a left-right direction in fig. 2, and the lateral direction refers to a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the shield tunnel, i.e., an up-down direction in fig. 2.
The shield tunnel described in this embodiment passes through the existing building on the front side, and if the reinforcing structures are not convenient to arrange in the positions of the existing building on both sides of the shield tunnel, actually, the reinforcing structures can also be arranged on the shield tunnel, that is, the reinforcing piles are not inserted into the positions overlapping with the shield tunnel in a crossing manner, so as to avoid the passing positions of the shield tunnel, and in order to ensure the stability of the whole reinforcing structure, the inserting and punching ranges of other reinforcing piles can be properly extended, and the length of the connecting beam can be extended.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A reinforcing method for a shield tunnel to penetrate through an existing building is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing reinforcing piles (3) on two transverse sides of an existing building (6), penetrating anchor cables in soil between the existing building (6) and a shield tunnel, stretching the anchor cables to a designed strength, fixing two ends of each anchor cable on the reinforcing piles (3), then grouting into the soil below the existing building (6), wrapping the anchor cables by grouting to form a reinforced concrete structure for bearing the existing building (6), and finishing the reinforcement of the existing building (6) after the grouting reaches the designed strength;
the method for penetrating the anchor cable in the soil body between the existing building (6) and the shield tunnel comprises the following steps: drilling a hole in a soil body between an existing building (6) and a shield tunnel, penetrating a longitudinal pipeline (1) arranged along the advancing direction of the shield tunnel and a transverse pipeline (2) vertical to the advancing direction of the shield tunnel into the drilled hole, and penetrating an anchor rope through the transverse pipeline (2);
the method for penetrating the transverse pipeline (2) vertical to the advancing direction of the shield tunnel into the drill hole comprises the following steps: and (3) penetrating the transverse pipeline (2) into the drill hole along the advancing direction of the vertical shield tunnel, so that the pipe body of the non-porous part at the two ends of the transverse pipeline (2) is positioned at the pile top of the reinforcing pile (3).
2. The method for reinforcing the shield tunnel through the existing building according to claim 1, wherein: the method for constructing the reinforcing piles (3) on the two transverse sides of the existing building (6) comprises the following steps: and constructing steel cofferdams (5) on two transverse sides of the existing building (6) to serve as construction platforms, and constructing a plurality of reinforcing piles (3) which are arranged at intervals in the advancing direction of the shield tunnel in the steel cofferdams (5).
3. The method for reinforcing the shield tunnel through the existing building according to claim 1, wherein: the method for drilling the soil body between the existing building (6) and the shield tunnel comprises the following steps: and drilling along the advancing direction of the shield tunnel and the advancing direction vertical to the shield tunnel, wherein the drilled holes avoid the pile foundation (7) below the existing building (6).
4. The method for reinforcing the shield tunnel through the existing building according to claim 1, wherein: the anchor cable tensioning method comprises the following steps: pouring a connecting beam (4) on the pile top of the reinforcing pile (3), connecting a row of reinforcing piles (3) on the same side of the existing building (6) into a whole, pouring a pipe body of the transverse pipeline (2) on the pile top of the reinforcing pile (3) into the connecting beam (4), and stretching the anchor cable by means of the connecting beam (4) after the connecting beam (4) reaches the design strength.
5. The method for reinforcing the shield tunnel through the existing building according to claim 4, wherein: the method for pouring the connecting beam (4) on the pile top of the reinforced pile (3) comprises the following steps: connecting steel bars are reserved on the pile top of the reinforcing pile (3) during construction of the reinforcing pile (3), a steel bar framework of the connecting beam (4) is bound on the reserved connecting steel bars, and then concrete is poured to form the connecting beam (4).
6. The method for reinforcing the shield tunnel through the existing building according to claim 1, wherein: the method for grouting into the soil below the existing building (6) comprises the following steps: and (3) grouting is carried out in the longitudinal pipeline (1) and the transverse pipeline (2), grouting slurry enters the soil body below the existing building (6) through grouting through holes in the grouting pipes in the longitudinal pipeline (1) and the transverse pipeline (2), and the soil body below the existing building (6) is reinforced.
7. The method for reinforcing the shield tunnel through the existing building according to claim 1, wherein: inserting sleeve valve pipes at two transverse sides of the existing building (6), grouting soil at two transverse sides of the existing building (6) through the sleeve valve pipes to form a waterproof curtain, and constructing a reinforcing pile (3) at one side of the waterproof curtain far away from the existing building (6) after the design strength is reached.
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| CN201910137909.4A CN109944593B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Reinforcing method for shield tunnel to penetrate existing building |
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| CN201910137909.4A CN109944593B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Reinforcing method for shield tunnel to penetrate existing building |
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| CN109944593B true CN109944593B (en) | 2020-11-03 |
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| CN110359921B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2024-05-07 | 中铁十一局集团城市轨道工程有限公司 | Construction method for shield close-range side-penetrating building |
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| CN114086968B (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2024-04-09 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Construction method for undermining existing building undercut tunnel |
| CN114439060B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-05-23 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Method for reinforcing foundation of high-rise civil house with brick-concrete structure |
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