CN109899793B - Vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag - Google Patents
Vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN109899793B CN109899793B CN201910259114.0A CN201910259114A CN109899793B CN 109899793 B CN109899793 B CN 109899793B CN 201910259114 A CN201910259114 A CN 201910259114A CN 109899793 B CN109899793 B CN 109899793B
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- crushing teeth
- fire grate
- slag
- crushing
- main body
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag belongs to the technical field of garbage incinerator equipment. The existing furnace slag with different sizes in the hearth continuously falls due to unreasonable design of the fire grate, wherein the furnace slag with larger volume and large area is easy to wind or block on the fire grate, is not easy to fall from the fire grate, cannot be reused and can influence the use of the fire grate. In addition, the main crushing teeth at the top of the fire grate in the prior art are in a single conical shape, so that the crushing effect is poor; meanwhile, the air outlets on the fire grate are few, so that the cooling effect of the slag falling onto the fire grate is poor, the brittle and hard state of the slag is poor, and the crushing effect of the slag is seriously affected. To solve the technical problems. The invention provides a kind of device. The fire grate of the vertical garbage incinerator for crushing slag comprises a fire grate main body, a main crushing tooth, a plurality of first-stage crushing teeth, a plurality of second-stage crushing teeth and a plurality of third-stage crushing teeth which are fixedly arranged on the fire grate main body, wherein the fire grate main body is in a conical structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag, and belongs to the technical field of garbage incinerator equipment.
Background
In the prior art, the garbage incinerator can utilize waste heat to generate electricity to realize recycling while incinerating garbage, and can also control secondary pollution to the environment, so that the use of the garbage incinerator for incinerating garbage has become a main means for treating a large amount of garbage. In the garbage incinerator, because the furnace grate is unreasonably designed, slag with different sizes in the hearth continuously falls, the slag with larger volume and large area (such as a long strip shape) is easy to wind or clamp on the furnace grate, is not easy to fall from the furnace grate, cannot be reused and can influence the use of the furnace grate. In addition, the main crushing teeth at the top of the fire grate in the prior art are in a single conical shape, so that the crushing effect is poor; meanwhile, the air outlets on the fire grate are few, so that the cooling effect of the slag falling onto the fire grate is poor, the brittle and hard state of the slag is poor, and the crushing effect of the slag is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of poor crushing effect of the existing incinerator fire grate, and further provides a vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
The utility model provides a vertical garbage incinerator grate of broken slag, it includes the grate main part and sets firmly main broken tooth, a plurality of one-level broken tooth, a plurality of two-level broken tooth, a plurality of three-level broken tooth in the grate main part, the grate main part is conical structure and rotates along the horizontal direction and set up, forms annular slag discharge mouth between grate main part bottom and the furnace body inner wall, main broken tooth sets up at the top of grate main part, and the cross section of main broken tooth is five-pointed star shape, and a plurality of one-level broken tooth, a plurality of two-level broken tooth and a plurality of three-level broken tooth are the annular with main broken tooth as the center respectively and are distributed, and a plurality of two-level broken tooth are located between a plurality of one-level broken tooth and a plurality of three-level broken tooth, and the cross sectional area along the grate main part busbar direction on one-level broken tooth, two-level broken tooth and the three-level broken tooth increases in proper order, and all is less than the cross-sectional area of main broken tooth horizontal direction, and the secondary air outlet has all been seted up to the central point of every one-level broken tooth, two-level broken tooth and three-level broken tooth.
Further, the fire grate main body is also provided with a plurality of slag guide holes.
Further, the slag guide hole is of a 'one' structure, two slag guide holes which are distributed in an '=' shape are arranged between every two adjacent primary crushing teeth, one slag guide hole is arranged between every two adjacent secondary crushing teeth, and two slag guide holes which are arranged in an 'X' shape are arranged between every two adjacent tertiary crushing teeth.
Further, the bottom edge of the fire grate main body is provided with movable jaw sheets along the circumference thereof, the lower part of the furnace body is provided with static jaw sheets along the circumference thereof, and the movable jaw sheets and the static jaw sheets are oppositely arranged.
Further, cross sections of the primary crushing teeth, the secondary crushing teeth and the tertiary crushing teeth along the bus direction of the fire grate main body are pentagons.
Further, a plurality of first-stage crushing teeth, a plurality of second-stage crushing teeth and a plurality of third-stage crushing teeth are respectively and annularly and uniformly distributed by taking the main crushing teeth as the center.
Further, the width of the annular slag discharging opening between the bottom of the fire grate main body and the inner wall of the furnace body is 10-80 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
the upward flow of exhaust air passing through the bottom furnace has a cooling effect on slag discharged downwards from the furnace body, and the slag is in a hard and brittle state when discharged after cooling, so that the slag is more beneficial to crushing and secondary utilization.
The main crushing teeth are large in single appearance and resistant to abrasion, meanwhile, the purpose of forcefully crushing slag is achieved by utilizing the five-pointed star-shaped main crushing teeth, and cooling of slag is achieved by utilizing a main air outlet and a plurality of times of air outlets at the center of the main crushing teeth.
The main crushing teeth of the central position are the largest, the primary crushing teeth and the secondary crushing teeth are the same in size, and the tertiary crushing teeth are larger than the primary crushing teeth and the secondary crushing teeth and smaller than the main crushing teeth, so that slag is crushed on the fire grate through back and forth rotation, and substances such as steel bars and the like can be effectively prevented from being wound.
An air outlet is formed in the middle of each crushing tooth, and the phenomenon that cooling of slag is affected due to the fact that slag blocks the air outlet in the crushing process is effectively prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: this embodiment is explained in connection with fig. 1 and 2, a vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag comprises a fire grate main body 1 and a main crushing tooth 2, a plurality of primary crushing teeth 3, a plurality of secondary crushing teeth 4 and a plurality of tertiary crushing teeth 5 which are fixedly arranged on the fire grate main body 1, wherein the fire grate main body 1 is in a conical structure and is rotationally arranged along the horizontal direction, an annular slag discharge port 6 is formed between the bottom of the fire grate main body 1 and the inner wall of a furnace body 100, the main crushing tooth 2 is arranged at the top of the fire grate main body 1, the cross section of the main crushing tooth 2 is in a five-pointed star shape, the primary crushing teeth 3, the secondary crushing teeth 4 and the tertiary crushing teeth 5 are respectively distributed in a ring shape by taking the main crushing tooth 2 as the center, the secondary crushing teeth 4 are positioned between the primary crushing teeth 3 and the tertiary crushing teeth 5, the cross section of the primary crushing teeth 3, the secondary crushing teeth 4 and the tertiary crushing teeth 5 is sequentially increased along the bus direction of the fire grate main body 1, and the cross section area of the primary crushing teeth 2 is smaller than the horizontal direction, a main air outlet 7 is formed at the center position of the main crushing mouth, and the center position of each primary crushing tooth 3, the secondary crushing teeth 4 and the secondary crushing teeth 5 are arranged at the center position 8.
The incinerator in the application is a vertical incinerator, so the grate is designed to be conical. The width of the annular slag discharging port 6 between the bottom of the fire grate main body 1 and the inner wall of the furnace body 100 is 10-80 mm. The exhaust air flowing upwards through the furnace bottom furnace has cooling effect on the slag, so that the slag is in a hard and brittle state when discharged, and the slag is more beneficial to crushing. The bottom of the furnace body 100 is fixedly provided with an inverted cone-shaped slag receiving hopper 9, slag falling into the slag receiving hopper 9 is discharged to a slag pit of a factory building by a slag discharging pipe 11, and is discharged to a horizontal belt arranged at a high position by a bucket elevator and then is sent into a slag bin. Because primary air at the bottom of the furnace is fed by the inverted cone-shaped slag receiving hopper 9, a section of material seal (not shown in the figure) with the height of 1-3 m is arranged in the slag discharging pipe 11 to avoid leakage of the primary air. The main crushing teeth 2 of the conical grate are arranged at the central position of the cone, the single appearance of the main crushing teeth 2 is large, the main crushing teeth are wear-resistant, meanwhile, the purpose of forcefully crushing slag is achieved by utilizing the five-pointed star-shaped main crushing teeth 2, and cooling of slag is achieved by utilizing the main air outlet 7 and the plurality of times of air outlets 8 at the central position of the main crushing teeth 2.
The main crushing teeth 2 of the central position are the largest, the primary crushing teeth 4 and the secondary crushing teeth 4 are of equal size, and the tertiary crushing teeth 5 are larger than the primary crushing teeth 4 and the secondary crushing teeth 4 and smaller than the main crushing teeth 2, so that slag is crushed on the fire grate through back and forth rotation, and substances such as steel bars and the like can be effectively prevented from being wound.
An air outlet is formed in the middle of each crushing tooth, and the phenomenon that cooling of slag is affected due to the fact that slag blocks the air outlet in the crushing process is effectively prevented.
According to the application, through the arrangement of the conical fire grate, the reasonable wind direction entering the incinerator is controlled, which is called as middle-keeping wind pressure side wind, the wind gap of the main crushing teeth is the main wind, and the rest primary and secondary crushing teeth are arranged around the fire grate to assist the wind direction to walk upwards, so that the main wind is prevented from dispersing wind force to the periphery along with rising height and garbage compression, and the oxygen supply is insufficient to influence the incineration effect.
The fire grate main body 1 is also provided with a plurality of slag guide holes 10. The small granular substances can enter the slag storage 13 in the fire grate rapidly, and the slag can be conveniently rotated out of the slag pit again.
The slag guide holes 10 are of a one-shaped structure, two slag guide holes 10 distributed in an '=' shape are arranged between every two adjacent primary crushing teeth 3, one slag guide hole 10 is arranged between every two adjacent secondary crushing teeth 4, and two slag guide holes 10 arranged in an 'X' -shaped structure are arranged between every two adjacent tertiary crushing teeth 5. The slag guide holes 10 are distributed on the whole conical fire grate, and the slag guide holes 10 with proper quantity are distributed according to the distance between every two adjacent crushing teeth, so that small particulate matters can be accelerated to enter the slag storage 13 in the fire grate, and slag can be conveniently turned out again.
The bottom edge of the fire grate main body 1 is provided with movable jaw sheets along the circumferential direction, the lower part of the furnace body 100 is provided with static jaw sheets 12 along the circumferential direction, and the movable jaw sheets are arranged opposite to the static jaw sheets 12. The movable jaw piece rotates along with the fire grate. The jaw sheets are made of wear-resistant steel, and large-particle slag crushed by the fire grate is extruded by the movable jaw sheets and the static jaw sheets, crushed again and falls into an inverted cone-shaped slag drawing hopper at the bottom of the furnace.
The cross sections of the primary crushing teeth 3, the secondary crushing teeth 4 and the tertiary crushing teeth 5 along the bus direction of the fire grate main body 1 are pentagons. The crushing teeth are designed into pentagons, so that the service life of the crushing teeth can be prolonged, the contact surface between slag and the crushing teeth can be enlarged, and the crushing of slag can be accelerated.
The first-stage crushing teeth 3, the second-stage crushing teeth 4 and the third-stage crushing teeth 5 are respectively and annularly and uniformly distributed with the main crushing teeth 2 as the center. The crushing efficiency is ensured, the air outlets are uniformly distributed, and the cooling effect on slag is further ensured.
The width of the annular slag discharging port 6 between the bottom of the fire grate main body 1 and the inner wall of the furnace body 100 is 10-80 mm. The design is that the slag generated by the high-temperature incineration of the household garbage is generally solid waste, the size of the discharged slag is known by setting the width of the annular slag discharge port, the secondary crushing of all the discharged slag can be avoided, the size of the discharged particles set by the annular slag discharge port is proper, and the effective separation of the metal part contained in the slag is realized. The width of the slag discharging port in the prior art is large, slag and metal are sintered together, and metal separation can be performed only after secondary crushing.
Claims (7)
1. A vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag is characterized in that: the novel fire grate comprises a fire grate main body (1) and main crushing teeth (2), a plurality of primary crushing teeth (3), a plurality of secondary crushing teeth (4) and a plurality of tertiary crushing teeth (5) which are fixedly arranged on the fire grate main body (1), wherein the fire grate main body (1) is of a conical structure, an annular slag notch (6) is formed between the bottom of the fire grate main body (1) and the inner wall of a furnace body (100), the main crushing teeth (2) are arranged at the top of the fire grate main body (1), the cross section of the main crushing teeth (2) is five-pointed star-shaped, the plurality of primary crushing teeth (3), the plurality of secondary crushing teeth (4) and the plurality of tertiary crushing teeth (5) are respectively distributed in an annular shape by taking the main crushing teeth (2) as the center, the plurality of secondary crushing teeth (4) are positioned between the plurality of primary crushing teeth (3) and the tertiary crushing teeth (5), the cross section of the primary crushing teeth (3), the secondary crushing teeth (4) and the tertiary crushing teeth (5) along the bus direction of the fire grate main body (1) is increased in the cross section of the horizontal direction, the cross section of the main crushing teeth (2) is smaller than the cross section of the main crushing teeth in the horizontal direction, the central position of the main crushing teeth (2) is provided with the primary crushing teeth (7), and the central position of each secondary crushing teeth (3) is provided with the secondary crushing teeth (3) and the central position of the primary crushing teeth (3) and the secondary crushing teeth (5).
2. The slag crushing vertical garbage incinerator fire grate of claim 1, wherein: the fire grate main body (1) is also provided with a plurality of slag guide holes (10).
3. A vertical waste incinerator grate for crushing slag according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the slag guide and discharge hole (10) is of a one-shaped structure, two slag guide and discharge holes (10) which are distributed in an '=' shape are arranged between every two adjacent primary crushing teeth (3), one slag guide and discharge hole (10) is arranged between every two adjacent secondary crushing teeth (4), and two slag guide and discharge holes (10) which are arranged in an 'X' -shaped structure are arranged between every two adjacent tertiary crushing teeth (5).
4. A vertical waste incinerator grate for crushing slag according to claim 3, wherein: the fire grate main body (1) bottom edge is provided with movable jaw piece along its circumference, and furnace body (100) lower part is provided with quiet jaw piece (12) along its circumference, just movable jaw piece with quiet jaw piece (12) set up relatively.
5. A vertical waste incinerator grate for crushing slag according to claim 3, wherein: the cross sections of the primary crushing teeth (3), the secondary crushing teeth (4) and the tertiary crushing teeth (5) along the bus direction of the fire grate main body (1) are pentagons.
6. A vertical waste incinerator grate for crushing slag according to claim 1, 2,4 or 5, characterized by: the plurality of first-stage crushing teeth (3), the plurality of second-stage crushing teeth (4) and the plurality of third-stage crushing teeth (5) are respectively and annularly and uniformly distributed by taking the main crushing teeth (2) as the center.
7. The slag crushing vertical garbage incinerator fire grate of claim 6, wherein: the width of the annular slag discharging port (6) between the bottom of the fire grate main body (1) and the inner wall of the furnace body (100) is 10-80 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910259114.0A CN109899793B (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910259114.0A CN109899793B (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Vertical garbage incinerator fire grate for crushing slag |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109899793A CN109899793A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| CN109899793B true CN109899793B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113201367A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-03 | 深圳市汉环科技有限公司 | Vertical continuous pyrolysis gasifier with multistage processing mechanism that slags tap |
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2019
- 2019-04-02 CN CN201910259114.0A patent/CN109899793B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2228182Y (en) * | 1995-06-08 | 1996-05-29 | 褚衍旭 | Vertical refuse calcining furnace |
| CN2316561Y (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 1999-04-28 | 黄宝甦 | General refuse continuous incinerator |
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