CN109869435B - Magneto-rheological damper with multi-magnetic couple rotor structure - Google Patents

Magneto-rheological damper with multi-magnetic couple rotor structure Download PDF

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CN109869435B
CN109869435B CN201910293010.1A CN201910293010A CN109869435B CN 109869435 B CN109869435 B CN 109869435B CN 201910293010 A CN201910293010 A CN 201910293010A CN 109869435 B CN109869435 B CN 109869435B
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piston
piston rod
magnetic
magnetic conduction
cylinder barrel
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CN109869435A (en
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王群
凌佳俊
唐章宏
金鑫
永卿
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Yanjing Technology Beijing Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a magneto-rheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple rotor structure, which comprises a piston, a piston rod and a magnetic conduction cylinder barrel, wherein the piston is provided with a piston rod and a magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; the piston is arranged inside the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel, and magnetorheological fluid is filled between the piston and the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; the piston rod is arranged in the piston and is used for driving the piston to rotate or axially move or simultaneously rotate and axially move; when the piston rod drives the piston to rotate, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate shear damping to hinder the rotation of the piston; when the piston rod drives the piston to move axially, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate valve type damping to hinder the axial movement of the piston; when the piston rod drives the piston to simultaneously rotate and axially move, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid simultaneously generate shear damping and valve type damping to hinder the rotation and the axial movement of the piston. The magnetorheological damper provided by the invention can provide shear type damping and valve type damping simultaneously.

Description

Magneto-rheological damper with multi-magnetic couple rotor structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of structural vibration control, in particular to a magneto-rheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple rotor structure.
Background
The magnetorheological damper has been widely applied to a plurality of vibration reduction fields, and along with the continuous expansion of the application fields, the requirements on the miniaturization, the light weight, the large output damping force and the like of the magnetorheological damper equipment are gradually improved. The magneto-rheological damper has the advantages that the requirements of miniaturization, light weight and high damping force of the magneto-rheological damper are met, and meanwhile, the magneto-rheological damper needs to be structurally innovated to adapt to more application occasions.
The magnetic circuit design in the magneto-rheological damper is one of the important links for constructing the damper, and the structural form of the magnetic circuit design determines the working performance of the magneto-rheological damper. In a traditional magnetorheological damper, a damping piston is usually designed to be in an I-shaped outline, and a magnetic field is generated in the form of a single group or multiple groups of coils, so that magnetorheological fluid is subjected to rheological change. However, conventional magnetorheological dampers cannot provide both shear and valvular damping.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetorheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple rotor structure, which is used for simultaneously providing shear type damping and valve type damping, inhibiting eddy current generated by induced electromotive force, reducing the influence of heating on the performance of the magnetorheological damper and improving the adjustable range of the magnetorheological damper.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a magneto-rheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple rotor structure comprises a piston, a piston rod and a magnetic conduction cylinder barrel;
the piston is arranged inside the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel, and magnetorheological fluid is filled between the piston and the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel;
the piston rod is arranged in the piston and is used for driving the piston to rotate or axially move or simultaneously rotate and axially move; when the piston rod drives the piston to rotate, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate shear damping to block the rotation of the piston; when the piston rod drives the piston to move axially, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate valve type damping to hinder the axial movement of the piston; when the piston rod drives the piston to simultaneously rotate and axially move, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid simultaneously generate shear damping and valve type damping to block the rotation and the axial movement of the piston.
Optionally, the piston comprises a piston body and an even number of field coils;
the piston body comprises a plurality of layers of metal soft magnetic materials, the plurality of layers of metal soft magnetic materials are overlapped and arranged in a stacking mode, and insulating paint is coated on the surface of each metal soft magnetic material;
an even number of the exciting coils are wound on the piston body; the piston rod is disposed inside the piston body.
Optionally, the metal soft magnetic material includes a magnetic conductive inner ring and an even number of T-shaped magnetic conductive arms;
the even number of T-shaped magnetic conduction arms are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the magnetic conduction inner ring;
the multiple layers of magnetic conduction inner rings are overlapped and stacked to form a hollow cylinder of the piston body;
the T-shaped magnetic conduction arms are overlapped to form even T-shaped three-dimensional arms of the piston body;
gaps among even number of T-shaped three-dimensional arms are filled with high-reluctance filling materials;
the even number of the excitation coils are correspondingly wound on the even number of the T-shaped three-dimensional arms one by one;
the piston rod is arranged inside the hollow cylinder.
Optionally, the winding directions of the excitation coils on the adjacent T-shaped stereo arms are opposite.
Optionally, the piston rod includes a piston rod front section, a piston rod middle section, a piston rod rear section, a first end cap and a second end cap;
a first through hole is formed in the center of the first end cover, and a second through hole is formed in the center of the second end cover;
the first end cover penetrates through the front section of the piston rod through the first through hole and is in threaded connection with one end of the middle section of the piston rod;
the second end cover penetrates through the rear section of the piston rod through the second through hole and is in threaded connection with the other end of the middle section of the piston rod;
the piston is sleeved on the middle section of the piston rod and is fixed through the first end cover and the second end cover.
Optionally, a hollow structure is arranged inside the middle section of the piston rod and the front section of the piston rod, and a lead of the excitation coil of the piston is led out through the hollow structure.
Optionally, the magnetorheological damper further comprises a sliding electrode;
the sliding electrode comprises a moving electrode and a static electrode, and the moving electrode is arranged inside the static electrode;
the moving electrode is fixedly arranged at the end part of the front section of the piston rod and is electrically connected with the lead;
a conductive sliding rail is arranged inside the static electrode; the moving electrode is in contact with the conductive slide rail and slides in the conductive slide rail.
Optionally, an insulating layer is further disposed outside the static electrode.
Optionally, the piston rod is made of a non-magnetic material.
Optionally, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel is made of a metal material.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a magneto-rheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple rotor structure, which comprises a piston, a piston rod and a magnetic conduction cylinder barrel, wherein the piston is fixedly connected with the piston rod; the piston is arranged inside the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel, and magnetorheological fluid is filled between the piston and the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; the piston rod is arranged in the piston and is used for driving the piston to rotate or axially move or simultaneously rotate and axially move; when the piston rod drives the piston to rotate, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate shear damping to block the rotation of the piston; when the piston rod drives the piston to move axially, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate valve type damping to hinder the axial movement of the piston; when the piston rod drives the piston to simultaneously rotate and axially move, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid simultaneously generate shear damping and valve type damping to block the rotation and the axial movement of the piston. The magnetorheological damper provided by the invention can provide shear type damping and valve type damping simultaneously.
The piston body is overlapped and overlapped by adopting a plurality of layers of metal soft magnetic materials, so that the eddy current heating phenomenon is inhibited, the piston can be ensured to have enough effective length in a limited space, and simultaneously, the metal soft magnetic materials have higher magnetic conductivity and saturation magnetic induction intensity, so that the damping force and the adjustable range of the damper can be improved.
The invention also arranges a sliding electrode to avoid the fatigue damage caused by the breakage of the lead when the piston rotates or moves axially, thereby strengthening and protecting the lead.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a magnetorheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple mover structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a metallic soft magnetic material provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a magnetorheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple mover structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a piston rod provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an installation view of the piston rod and piston provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a structural view of the sliding electrode provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a magnetorheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple rotor structure, which is used for simultaneously providing shear type damping and valve type damping, inhibiting eddy current generated by induced electromotive force, reducing the influence of heating on the performance of the magnetorheological damper and improving the adjustable range of the magnetorheological damper.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a magnetorheological damper with a multi-magnetic couple mover structure, which comprises a piston 1, a piston rod 2 and a magnetic cylinder 3; the piston 1 is arranged inside the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel 3, and magnetorheological fluid 4 is filled between the piston 1 and the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel 3; the piston rod 2 is arranged inside the piston 1, and the piston rod 2 is used for driving the piston 1 to rotate or axially move or simultaneously rotate and axially move; when the piston rod 2 drives the piston 1 to rotate, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel 3 and the magnetorheological fluid 4 generate shear damping to hinder the rotation of the piston 1; when the piston rod 2 drives the piston 1 to move axially, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel 3 and the magnetorheological fluid generate valve type damping to hinder the axial movement of the piston 1. The magnetic conduction cylinder barrel 3 is made of a metal material with high magnetic conductivity. When the piston rod 2 drives the piston 1 to rotate and move axially at the same time, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel 3 and the magnetorheological fluid 4 simultaneously generate shear damping and valve type damping to hinder the rotation and the axial movement of the piston 1.
The piston 1 comprises a piston body 1-1 and an even number of magnet exciting coils 1-2; the piston body 1-1 comprises a plurality of layers of metal soft magnetic materials, the plurality of layers of metal soft magnetic materials are overlapped and arranged in an overlapping mode, and insulating paint is coated on the surface of each metal soft magnetic material; an even number of the exciting coils 1-2 are wound around the piston body 1-1; the piston rod 2 is arranged inside the piston body 1-1.
As shown in fig. 2, the metal soft magnetic material comprises a magnetic conduction inner ring 5-1 and an even number of T-shaped magnetic conduction arms 5-2; the even number of T-shaped magnetic conduction arms 5-2 are uniformly distributed at the outer side of the magnetic conduction inner ring 5-1; the multiple layers of magnetic conduction inner rings 5-1 are overlapped and superposed to form a hollow cylinder of the piston body 1-1; the T-shaped magnetic guide arms 5-2 are overlapped to form even T-shaped three-dimensional arms of the piston body 1-1; gaps among even number of the T-shaped three-dimensional arms are filled with high-reluctance filling materials 1-3; the even number of the excitation coils 1-2 are correspondingly wound on the even number of the T-shaped stereo arms one by one, wherein the winding directions of the excitation coils 1-2 on the adjacent T-shaped stereo arms are opposite; the piston rod 2 is arranged inside the hollow cylinder. The manufacturing process of the piston body 1-1 of the invention is as follows: the multilayer metal soft magnetic material is soaked in insulating paint, then the metal soft magnetic material is overlapped into a superposition shape, and the metal soft magnetic material is dried into a group at 100 ℃ for 2 hours. The metal soft magnetic material is embedded in the unthreaded rod part region in the middle section of the piston rod in a superposition mode, the magnet exciting coil 1-2 is wound at the clamping groove on the T-shaped three-dimensional arm side by adopting enameled wire double wires, and a plurality of turns of coils are continuously wound. And a layer of insulating paper is wound between the metal soft magnetic material and the excitation coil 1-2. After the magnet exciting coil 1-2 is wound on the piston body 1-1, the hollow residual space of the piston 1 is filled with high-reluctance filling materials, so that the side profile of the piston 1 is kept to be a complete cylinder, and the outer surface of the cylinder takes the maximum radius of the metal soft magnetic material as a cylindrical surface of the radius.
As shown in fig. 3, when current is conducted to the exciting coil 1-2, the excited magnetic lines of force form a closed magnetic circuit in the metal soft magnetic material, the magnetorheological fluid 4 at the damping gap, and the magnetically conductive cylinder 3. Each T-shaped magnetic conduction arm 5-2 in the metal soft magnetic material is designed to be even, and due to the fact that the winding directions of the excitation coils 1-2 are different, the direction of magnetic lines inside each T-shaped magnetic conduction arm 5-2 is opposite to that of two adjacent T-shaped magnetic conduction arms. The adjacent T-shaped magnetic conduction arms 5-2 are in a state of sending and receiving magnetic lines of force, wherein one group of opposite T-shaped magnetic conduction arms 5-2 send and receive magnetic lines of force, and the other group of opposite T-shaped magnetic conduction arms 5-2 receive magnetic lines of force.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the piston rod 2 includes a piston rod front section 2-1, a piston rod middle section 2-2, a piston rod rear section 2-3, a first end cap 2-4 and a second end cap 2-5; a first through hole is formed in the center of the first end cover 2-4, and a second through hole is formed in the center of the second end cover 2-5; the first end cover 2-4 penetrates through the front section 2-1 of the piston rod through the first through hole and is in threaded connection with one end of the middle section 2-2 of the piston rod; the second end cover 2-5 penetrates through the rear section 2-3 of the piston rod through the second through hole and is in threaded connection with the other end of the middle section 2-2 of the piston rod; the piston is sleeved on the middle section 2-2 of the piston rod and is fixed through the first end cover 2-4 and the second end cover 2-5. Hollow structures are arranged inside the middle section 2-2 of the piston rod and the front section 2-1 of the piston rod, and a lead of the magnet exciting coil 1-2 of the piston 1 is led out through the hollow structures. The piston rod 2 is made of a non-magnetic material.
As shown in fig. 6, the magnetorheological damper further comprises a sliding electrode 9; the sliding electrode comprises a moving electrode and a static electrode, and the moving electrode is arranged inside the static electrode; the moving electrode is fixedly arranged at the end part of the front section 2-1 of the piston rod and is electrically connected with the lead; a conductive sliding rail 9-1 is arranged inside the static electrode; the moving electrode is in contact with the conductive slide rail 9-1 and slides in the conductive slide rail 9-1, and the conductive slide rail is also connected with an external power supply. An insulating layer 9-2 is also arranged outside the static electrode. The sliding electrode 9-1 can keep all the leads in a static state when the damper runs, and reduces the fatigue damage of the leads.
The technical effect of the invention is deduced by the following process:
the derivation process of the total damping force F expression is as follows:
and (3) setting the height of a gap between two flat plates as h, the width as b, the relative movement speed of the two polar plates as v, the pressure difference between the two ends of the plate as delta P, and establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking a one-dimensional layered flow plane in the width direction of the plate. When no magnetic field acts, the magnetorheological fluid can be regarded as a Newtonian incompressible viscous fluid, the zero-field viscosity is eta 0, the density is rho, and the equation set can be listed by a hydrodynamics Navier-Stokes (N-S) equation:
Figure GDA0003079977220000061
depending on the constant flow and incompressible fluid properties of fluid mechanics, equation (1) can be simplified to:
Figure GDA0003079977220000062
since the pressure P is only a function of the coordinate x, i.e. the pressure varies only along the x coordinate axis, the first column in equation (2) can be rewritten to the full derivative form:
Figure GDA0003079977220000063
and (4) carrying out twice indefinite integration on the formula (3) to obtain a functional relation of the fluid flow speed and the gap height coordinate y:
Figure GDA0003079977220000064
in the shear mode, according to the boundary conditions in the shear mode model, a special solution in the shear mode in the following formula (4) can be obtained:
Figure GDA0003079977220000065
under the action of a magnetic field, the constitutive relation of the Bingham body is as follows:
Figure GDA0003079977220000071
obtaining the relation between the shearing stress and the acting force to obtain the damping force F generated by the parallel shearing flow of the magnetorheological fluidsComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0003079977220000072
in the valve mode, the pressure difference between two ends of the plate is in a relation of delta P and the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid is as follows:
Figure GDA0003079977220000073
damping force Fv expression of valvular magnetorheological damper:
Figure GDA0003079977220000074
the total damping force Fsv of the shear valve type magnetorheological damper is obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0003079977220000075
the total damping force F expression (10) of the design scheme introduces a sum term alpha of the radian of the curved surface of the metal soft magnetic material, and the expression is as follows:
Figure GDA0003079977220000076
in the formula:
η is the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid; l is the length of the piston in the axial direction; d is the inner diameter of the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; is the speed of movement of the piston; tau issIs the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid; a is the effective cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; h is the gap thickness between the inner cavity of the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the cambered surface of the T-shaped magnetic coupling metal soft magnetic material.
The invention provides a magnetorheological damper provided with a multi-magnetic-couple metal soft magnetic material, which can provide shear type damping and valve type damping simultaneously, effectively suppress eddy current generated by induced electromotive force by designing a magnetic circuit and an assembly process, and greatly reduce the influence of heating on the performance of the magnetorheological damper. Meanwhile, the proportion of the effective length of the piston in the total length of the piston is improved, the specific gravity of Coulomb damping force in the total damping force is further increased, and the adjustable range of the magnetorheological damper is improved. Under the long-time and high-frequency damping motion, the lead can be kept from being damaged by fatigue.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principle and the implementation manner of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples, the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The magneto-rheological damper with the multi-magnetic couple rotor structure is characterized by comprising a piston, a piston rod and a magnetic conduction cylinder barrel;
the piston is arranged inside the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel, and magnetorheological fluid is filled between the piston and the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel;
the piston rod is arranged in the piston and is used for driving the piston to rotate or axially move or simultaneously rotate and axially move;
the piston comprises a piston body and an even number of magnet exciting coils;
the piston body comprises a plurality of layers of metal soft magnetic materials, the plurality of layers of metal soft magnetic materials are overlapped and arranged in a stacking mode, and insulating paint is coated on the surface of each metal soft magnetic material;
an even number of the exciting coils are wound on the piston body; the piston rod is arranged inside the piston body;
the metal soft magnetic material comprises a magnetic conduction inner ring and an even number of T-shaped magnetic conduction arms;
the even number of T-shaped magnetic conduction arms are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the magnetic conduction inner ring;
the multiple layers of magnetic conduction inner rings are overlapped and stacked to form a hollow cylinder of the piston body;
the T-shaped magnetic conduction arms are overlapped to form even T-shaped three-dimensional arms of the piston body;
gaps among even number of T-shaped three-dimensional arms are filled with high-reluctance filling materials;
the even number of the excitation coils are correspondingly wound on the even number of the T-shaped three-dimensional arms one by one;
the piston rod is arranged inside the hollow cylinder;
the magnetorheological damper further comprises a sliding electrode;
the sliding electrode comprises a moving electrode and a static electrode, and the moving electrode is arranged inside the static electrode;
the moving electrode is fixedly arranged at the end part of the front section of the piston rod and is electrically connected with the lead;
a conductive sliding rail is arranged inside the static electrode; the moving electrode is in contact with the conductive slide rail and slides in the conductive slide rail;
when the piston rod drives the piston to rotate, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate shear damping to hinder the rotation of the piston, and the shear damping is as follows:
Figure FDA0003079977210000021
when the piston rod drives the piston to move axially, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid generate valve type damping to hinder the axial movement of the piston, and the valve type damping is
Figure FDA0003079977210000022
When the piston rod drives the piston to simultaneously rotate and axially move, the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the magnetorheological fluid simultaneously generate shear damping and valve type damping to block the rotation and the axial movement of the piston, and the total damping of the shear damping and the valve type damping is as follows:
Figure FDA0003079977210000023
wherein η is the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid; l is the length of the piston in the axial direction; d is the inner diameter of the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; tau issIs the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid; a is the effective cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; h is the thickness of a gap between the inner cavity of the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel and the cambered surface of the metal soft magnetic material, and v is the movement speed of the piston relative to the magnetic conduction cylinder barrel; b is the width of the sliding electrode, and alpha is the sum of the radian of the curved surface of the metal soft magnetic material.
2. The magnetorheological damper with multiple magnetic couple mover structures according to claim 1, wherein the winding directions of the excitation coils on adjacent T-shaped solid arms are opposite.
3. The magnetorheological damper with the multi-magnetic couple mover structure according to claim 1, wherein the piston rod comprises a front piston rod section, a middle piston rod section, a rear piston rod section, a first end cap and a second end cap;
a first through hole is formed in the center of the first end cover, and a second through hole is formed in the center of the second end cover;
the first end cover penetrates through the front section of the piston rod through the first through hole and is in threaded connection with one end of the middle section of the piston rod;
the second end cover penetrates through the rear section of the piston rod through the second through hole and is in threaded connection with the other end of the middle section of the piston rod;
the piston is sleeved on the middle section of the piston rod and is fixed through the first end cover and the second end cover.
4. The magnetorheological damper with the multi-magnetic couple mover structure according to claim 3, wherein a hollow structure is arranged inside the middle section of the piston rod and the front section of the piston rod, and a lead of an excitation coil of the piston is led out through the hollow structure.
5. The magnetorheological damper with the multi-magnetic-couple mover structure according to claim 4, wherein an insulating layer is further arranged outside the static electrodes.
6. The magnetorheological damper with the multi-magnetic-couple-mover structure according to claim 1, wherein the piston rod is made of a non-magnetic-conductive material.
7. The magnetorheological damper with the multi-magnetic couple mover structure according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic conductive cylinder barrel is made of a metal material.
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