CN109861729A - Single user multi-antenna signal transceiver and its signal processing method in mimo system - Google Patents
Single user multi-antenna signal transceiver and its signal processing method in mimo system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the single user multi-antenna signal transceivers and its signal processing method in a kind of mimo system, the transceiver includes base station and a multiple antennas user, base station has Nr root antenna, user has Nt root antenna, user terminal and base station end are respectively provided with K radio frequency link, required rf chain number K is much smaller than antenna number, and specific connection type and information processing manner are used, so that signal transmitting and receiving and process performance are compared to assuming that the completely known traditional receive-transmit system of channel state information only slightly loses；Construction cost and power consumption penalty are reduced, and has saved the occupied area that construction receiver needs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a single-user multi-antenna signal receiving and transmitting system in an MIMO system and a signal processing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase in the number of users of wireless communication systems and the pursuit of high voice quality and high data transmission rate, the demand for bandwidth has increased dramatically, and the spectrum resources are not unlimited. Therefore, it is not practical to increase the transmission rate by simply increasing the bandwidth. A new technique with high spectrum utilization is necessary to support the higher data rates that can be achieved. Multiple-Input Multiple-output (Multiple-Input Multiple-output) is one of the major technological breakthroughs in the digital communication field in recent years, and has a significant effect on improving the spectrum utilization rate and the channel capacity of a wireless communication system. The MIMO system implements parallel transmission of multiple signal streams, and compared with a conventional Single Input Single Output (SISO) system, implements superposition of a received signal of each receiving antenna into multiple transmission antenna signals at a receiving end of the system. However, there are problems of selective fading of the channel, intersymbol interference, path loss, etc. during the transmission process.
Due to the presence of multiple antennas, the design of space-time combiners and signal detection to eliminate spatial interference becomes extremely complex. The complexity of the transceivers of a MIMO system is significantly increased compared to a single antenna system, for example, MIMO channel estimation results in increased complexity because each path delay of the entire channel matrix requires technical tracking and updating, rather than tracking and updating only a single coefficient; the existing large-scale antenna transceiver needs many RF links to process signals due to the large number of antennas at the base station and the user terminal, but the cost and power consumption loss of constructing the RF links are high, and the requirement for the floor space is required. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a large-scale antenna transceiving system with low cost and low complexity.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for receiving and transmitting signals of single user and multiple antennas in MIMO system and processing the signals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a single-user multi-antenna signal transceiver in an MIMO system, which comprises a base station and a multi-antenna user, wherein the base station is provided with Nr antennas for receiving signals sent by Nt antennas of the user, and both Nt and Nr are positive integers larger than 1;
the user terminal comprises a user transmitting terminal and a user receiving terminal, the base station terminal comprises a base station transmitting terminal and a base station receiving terminal, the user transmitting terminal and the base station receiving terminal form an uplink,
in the uplink, the user transmitting end comprises:
the phase-shifting control unit comprises Nt sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase-measuring phase shifter, and the phase-measuring phase shifters are connected with the adjusting switches;
k radio frequency links for transmitting the sending signals of the user end and respectively connected with Nt phase measuring phase shifters in each phase shift control unit in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
nt adders which are respectively connected with the phase measuring phase shifters in the phase shift control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the base station receiving end comprises:
the Nr low-noise power amplifiers are connected with the Nr antennas in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
nr phase shift control units which are connected with the Nr low-noise power amplifiers in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the phase-shifting control unit comprises K sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase-measuring phase shifter, the phase-measuring phase shifters are connected with the adjusting switches, and the adjusting switches are connected with corresponding low-noise power amplifiers;
k adders which are respectively connected with the phase measuring phase shifters in the phase shift control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
k radio frequency links which are connected with the K adders in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
k analog-to-digital converters are connected with the K radio frequency links in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
and the decoder is connected with the K analog-to-digital converters.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, a user receiving end and a base station transmitting end form a downlink, and in the downlink, the base station transmitting end includes:
the phase-shifting control unit comprises an adder and K sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase-measuring phase shifter, the adjusting switches are connected with the phase-measuring phase shifters, and the phase-measuring phase shifters are connected with the adder;
k radio frequency links are used for transmitting the sending signals of the base station end and are respectively connected with the phase-shifting control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the user receiving end includes:
the Nt phase-shifting control units are connected with the Nt antennas in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the phase shift control unit comprises Nt sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase measurement phase shifter, and the phase measurement phase shifters are connected with the adjusting switches;
the K adders are respectively connected with the K phase measuring phase shifters in the phase shift control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
and the K radio frequency links are correspondingly connected with the K summers one by one.
Based on the transceiver, the invention also provides a single-user multi-antenna signal processing method in the MIMO system, which comprises the following steps:
in the uplink, the base station sets a transmission power,
s1, the user transmitting terminal sends a training sequence to estimate the channel;
s2, a user transmitting end sends a data signal, a base station receiving end receives the signal, and the signal is processed through a low noise power amplifier, a phase measurement phase shifter, an adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter;
s3, inputting the processed signals into a decoder for decoding to obtain data signals sent by the user nodes;
in the downlink, the number of channels in the downlink,
s4, setting parameters of phase shift control units of a base station transmitting end and a user receiving end in a downlink according to the uplink training result;
s5, a base station transmitting end sends data signals, a user receiving end receives the signals, and the signals are processed through a low noise power amplifier, a phase measurement phase shifter, an adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter;
and S6, decoding the processed signal.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, step S1 specifically includes:
s11, setting the t direction-finding phase shifter of the k phase shift control unit at the user transmitting end as qk,tWherein q isk,tIs an element of the kth column, the tth row in the matrix Q, which is NtThe first K columns of the dimension DFT matrix;
s12, the kth radio frequency link of the user transmitting terminal sends training symbols, and the training symbols are all1, switching on all switches in the kth phase-shift control unit at the user transmitting end, switching off the switches of other phase-shift control units, and preprocessing the transmitted signal xkCan be expressed as:
xk＝qks
wherein K is 1,2, …, K,is the k column vector in the matrix Q, s is the training symbol 1;
switching on the kth switch of each phase shift control unit at the receiving end of the base station, switching off other switches of each phase shift control unit at the receiving end of the base station, and receiving a signal y by the base stationkExpressed as:
where K is 1,2,., K, ρ is the signal-to-noise ratio, and H is Nr×NtDimensional channel matrix, wrkIs NrComplex additive white Gaussian noise of x 1 dimension, each independent and obedient
The signal received by the kth path of the phase shift control unit of the r receiving antenna of the base station is recorded as hr,kRecording the phase as phirk(r＝1,2,...,Nt) I.e. the transmission matrix of the transmitted signal after transmission through the transmit preprocessing unit and the wireless communication channel is
H is to ber,kPhase phi ofr,kTaking a negative number, storing the negative number in a corresponding phase measurement phase shifter, and recording a phase matrix as follows:
as a preferable aspect of the present invention, step S1 further includes:
s13, switching on all switches of a phase shift control unit of a kth radio frequency link at a user transmitting end, wherein the kth radio frequency link sends a training symbol 1;
switching on the kth switch of all receiving antenna phase shift control units of the base station, switching off other switches of all receiving antenna phase shift control units of the base station, multiplying the signal received by the base station when passing through the phase shifterSending the signal to a k adder, and processing the signal by a k RF link and a k analog-to-digital converter to obtain a received signal z0k：
Wherein,k＝1,2,…,K，wr,krepresenting the noise received by the r-th antenna of the base station;
s14, the K1 and K2 radio frequency links of the user transmitting end simultaneously transmit training symbols, the training symbols are 1, wherein K1, K2 is 1,2 … K, and K1 is not equal to K2, adjusting switches in the K1 and K2 phase shift control units of the user transmitting end are switched on simultaneously, the rest radio frequency links do not transmit signals, and then a signal matrix y received by the base station antenna is transmittedk1,k2Comprises the following steps:
wherein h isk1、hk2For transmission matrixK1, k2 column, wk1,k2Is Nr × 1-dimensional complex additive white Gaussian noise, each independent and obedient
S15, switching on the control switches of the phase-measuring phase shifters of the k1 th and the k2 th of all the phase-shifting control units at the receiving end of the base station, so that the signal y received by the antenna of the base stationk1,k2Passing through the phase-shift control units to obtain the k1 th and k2 th phase-measuring phase shifters, and multiplying the phase-measuring phase shifters by the phase-measuringAndthen sent to corresponding adder, and processed by corresponding radio frequency link and analog-to-digital converter to obtain two signals zk1,k2And zk2,k1Expressed as:
s16, orderG is obtained by trainingk1,k2、gk2,k1To obtainThe estimation matrix G of (a) is:
as a preferable embodiment of the present invention, step S2 specifically includes:
s21, user transmitting end sends data signal, data symbol sent by k-th radio frequency link is marked as SkTurning on all the regulating switches to make the signal received by the r-th antenna be yrThen, there are:
wherein n isrIs white Gaussian noise and is obeyed
S22, the signals received by the antennas pass through the corresponding phase measuring phase shifters and are multiplied by the phase measuring phase shiftersThe signals are processed by corresponding summers, radio frequency links and analog-to-digital converters to obtain signals which are respectively marked as r1，r2，…，rK]Expressed as:
wherein,independent and compliant for processed noise
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the decoding method in step S3 is:
let GZF＝(GHG)-1GH，The data symbol sent by the kth radio frequency link of the user transmitting terminal is marked as skIs decoded into
Wherein (Y)ZF)kIs YZFThe kth component of (a), epsilon, is the constellation employed by the user to transmit the signal.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, step S4 specifically includes:
s41, obtaining the setting value E of the base station phase measuring phase shifter in the uplink by the uplink trainingH(ii) a Setting the phase of the kth phase measurement phase shifter of the phase shift control unit corresponding to the r antenna at the transmitting end of the base station as phir,kThe phase matrix is written as:
s42, setting the kth direction-finding phase shifter of the tth phase shift control unit at the receiving end of the user to be(Denotes qt,kConjugate of (b) wherein qt,kIs an element of the kth column and kth row in the matrix Q.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, step S5 specifically includes:
s51, switching on all the adjusting switches, the transmitting end of the base station sends data signals, the data symbol sent by the kth radio frequency link is marked as Sk' the transmission matrix after the transmission of the transmission signal through each phase shift control unit of the base station and the wireless communication channel is recorded as
S52, recording the signal received by the r-th antenna at the receiving end of the user as yr', then there are:
wherein n isrIs white Gaussian noise and is obeyed
The transmission equation from the transmitting end of the base station to the receiving antenna of the receiving end of the user can be expressed as
Wherein W represents NrX 1-dimensional Gaussian white noise vector, independent and obedient
S53, the signals received by the antenna at the receiving end of the user pass through the corresponding phase-measuring phase shifter and are multiplied byAnd processing the data by a corresponding adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter to obtain an overall transmission equation:
wherein,independent and compliant
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S6 specifically includes:
the processed signal is ZF decoded,
line G'ZF＝((QHHHE)HQHHHE)-1(QHHHE)H，Y′ZF＝G′ZFY, then the data symbol s sent by the base stationkDecoding of
Wherein, (Y'ZF)kIs Y'ZFThe kth component of (a), epsilon, is the constellation employed by the user to transmit the signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the prior art, N is needed by a user sending endtA radio frequency link, N is needed by the receiving end of the base stationrIn the uplink and the downlink, the user side and the base station side can process the received signals only by K radio frequency links, and the performance is slightly lost compared with the traditional transceiving system; the construction cost and the power consumption loss are reduced, and the occupied area required by the construction of the transceiver is saved.
Meanwhile, most of the existing research is under the perfect assumption that the receiving parties completely know the channel information, but in reality, the channel information is difficult to realize. The transceiver provided by the invention can record channel information required by channel estimation and decoding by utilizing the phase measuring phase shifter by sending the training symbols, and is established on the basis of reality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an uplink connection structure in a single-user multi-antenna signal transceiver according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a simulation diagram of the capacity of the transceiver channel in the uplink when K is 2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a simulation diagram of the capacity of the transceiver channel in the uplink when K is 8 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a downlink connection structure in the single-user multi-antenna signal transceiver according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of the transceiver channel capacity in the downlink when K is 8 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The single-user multi-antenna signal transceiver of the present invention is applied to a specific case,
as shown in fig. 1, in the single-user multi-antenna signal transceiver, the connection structure between the ue and the base station in the uplink is assumed that the number of antennas at the ue is Nt16, number of antennas at base station end Nr64, the number of radio frequency links K is 2,
the information processing method in the uplink comprises the following steps:
s1: user transmission of training sequence
The receiving end estimates signals, and the specific operation comprises the following steps:
s1, the multi-antenna user sends a training sequence to estimate the channel;
wherein step S1 specifically includes:
s11: setting the t direction-finding phase shifter of the k phase shift control unit of the user terminal as qk,tWherein q isk,tIs an element of the kth column and the tth row in the DFT matrix Q.
S12: the 1 st radio frequency link of the user side sends training symbols, the training symbols are all normalized to be 1, and all switches C in the 1 st phase shift control unit of the sending end are switched on11,C12Switching off other phase-shift control unitsSwitch of (2), the preprocessed transmission signal x1Can be expressed as:
x1＝q1s
wherein,is the 1 st column vector in the 2-dimensional DFT matrix Q, and s is the training symbol 1. The 1 st switch of each receiving antenna phase shift control unit of the base station is switched on, and other switches are switched off, so that the signal y received by the base station1Expressed as:
where k is 1,2, ρ is the signal-to-noise ratio, and H is Nr×NtDimensional channel matrix, wrkIs NrComplex additive white Gaussian noise of x 1 dimension, each independent and obedient
The signal received by the kth path of the phase shift control unit of the 1 st receiving antenna of the base station is recorded as h1,kRecording the phase as phi1,k。
The 2 nd radio frequency link of the user side sends training symbols, the training symbols are all normalized to be 1, and all switches C in the 2 nd phase-shifting control unit of the sending end are switched on21,C22Switching off the switches of other phase-shift control units, and pre-processing the transmission signal x2Can be expressed as:
x2＝q2s
wherein,is the 2 nd column vector in the 2-dimensional DFT matrix Q, and s is the training symbol 1. The 2 nd switch of each receiving antenna phase shift control unit of the base station is switched on, and other switches are switched off, so that the base station receivesTo signal y2Expressed as:
where k is 1,2, ρ is the signal-to-noise ratio, and H is Nr×NtDimensional channel matrix, wrkIs NrComplex additive white Gaussian noise of x 1 dimension, each independent and obedient
The signal received by the kth path of the phase shift control unit of the 2 nd receiving antenna of the base station is recorded as h2,kRecording the phase as phi2,kI.e. the transmission matrix of the transmitted signal after transmission through the transmit preprocessing unit and the wireless communication channel is
H is to ber,kPhase phi ofr,k(r＝1,2,...,NtAnd k is 1,2) taking a negative number and storing the negative number in a corresponding phase measurement phase shifter to obtain a phase matrix:
s13: and (3) switching on all switches of the 1 st radio frequency link phase shift control unit of the user side, and transmitting a training symbol 1 by the 1 st radio frequency link. The 1 st switch of all receiving antenna phase shift control units of the base station is switched on, and the other switches are switched off, so that the signals received by the base station are multiplied when passing through the phase shifterSending to the 1 st adder, and processing via the 1 st RF link and the 1 st A/D converter to obtain the received signal z01：
Wherein, | | h1||1＝|h1,1|+|h2,1|，wr,1Representing the noise received by the r-th antenna of the base station.
S14: and (3) switching on all switches of the phase shift control unit of the 2 nd radio frequency link of the user terminal, and transmitting a training symbol 1 by the 2 nd radio frequency link. The 2 nd switch of all receiving antenna phase shift control units of the base station is switched on, and the other switches are switched off, so that the signals received by the base station are multiplied when passing through the phase shifterSending to the 2 nd adder, and processing via the 2 nd RF link and the 2 nd analog-to-digital converter to obtain the received signal z02：
Wherein, | | h2||1＝|h1,2|+|h2,2|，wr,2Representing the noise received by the r-th antenna of the base station.
S15: 2 radio frequency links of the user side simultaneously transmit training symbols, the training symbols are normalized to 1, and simultaneously the adjusting switches in the 2 nd phase-shifting control unit are switched on, so that the base station antenna receives a signal matrix y1,2Comprises the following steps:
wherein h is1、h2For transmission matrix1,2, w1,2Is Nr-1-dimensional complex additive white Gaussian noise, each independent and obedient
Signal y received by base station antenna1,2Passing through phase-measuring phase shifters of phase-shift control units and multiplying by phase-measuring phase shiftersAndthen sent to corresponding adder, and processed by corresponding radio frequency link and analog-to-digital converter to obtain two signals z1,2And z2,1Expressed as:
for convenience, note
S16: estimating channel information using MMSE method
The channel estimation method using MMSE is characterized in that the signal received by the base station is recorded as Z ═ Z through the steps01,z02,z11,z12]So that:
||h1||1it can be estimated that:
||h2||1it can be estimated that:
g1,2it can be estimated that:
g2，1it can be estimated that:
to obtainThe estimation matrix G of (a) is:
s2: transmission and decoding of data
S21: the multi-antenna user end sends data signals, and the data symbol sent by the 1 st radio frequency link is marked as s1The data symbol sent by the 2 nd radio frequency link is marked as s2Turning on all the regulating switches to make the signal received by the r-th antenna be yrThen, there are:
can be expressed as:
namely, it isWhere ρ is the signal-to-noise ratio and W is where NrWhite Gaussian noise of 1 dimension and obedience
S22, the signals pass through the corresponding phase-measuring phase shifters and are multiplied byThe signals are processed by corresponding summers, radio frequency links and analog-to-digital converters to obtain signals which are respectively marked as r1，r2，…，rK]Expressed as:
wherein,independent and compliant for processed noise
S3: decoding with ZF
The specific decoding method is as followsZF＝(GHG)-1GH，The symbols sent by both links can be solved as:
wherein (Y)ZF)kIs YZFThe kth component of (a), epsilon, is the constellation employed by the user to transmit the signal.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the simulation diagram is compared with an ideal case in which both the base station and the user completely know the channel information and the precoding rank is K, but in reality, the ideal case is very difficult to realize. As can be seen from the simulation of fig. 3, the transceiver architecture of the present invention only uses the channel capacity of the K rf links with a loss of about 3dB compared to the ideal case where the channel information is completely known.
As shown in fig. 4, in the single-user multi-antenna signal transceiver, the connection structure between the ue and the bs in the downlink is assumed that the number of the ue antennas is Nt16, number of antennas at base station end NrThe number K of radio frequency links is 8, 64. A corresponding signal processing method in the downlink, comprising the steps of:
s4, setting parameters for the phase shift control units of the base station transmitting end and the user receiving end in the downlink according to the uplink training result.
S5, the base station sends data signals, the antenna of the multi-antenna user receives the signals, and the signals are processed through a low noise power amplifier, a phase measurement phase shifter, an adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter;
and S6, decoding the processed signal.
Specifically, step S4 includes the following steps:
s41, obtaining the setting value E of the base station phase measurement phase shifter in the uplink system by the uplink trainingH. Setting the phase of the kth phase measurement phase shifter of the phase shift control unit corresponding to the r antenna at the base station end as phir,kThe phase matrix is written as:
s42, setting the kth direction-finding phase shifter of the tth phase-shifting control unit at the user end to be(Denotes qt,kConjugate of (b) wherein qt,kIs an element of the kth column and kth row in the matrix Q.
Specifically, step S5 includes the following steps:
s51, all the adjusting switches are closed, the base station sends data signals, and the data symbol sent by the kth radio frequency link is marked as Sk'. The transmission matrix of the transmission signal after being transmitted through each phase shift control unit of the base station and the wireless communication channel is recorded as
S52, recording the signal received by the r-th antenna of the user as yr', then there are:
wherein n isrIs white Gaussian noise and is obeyed
The transmission equation from the base station end to the receiving antenna of the user end can be expressed as
Wherein W represents NrX 1-dimensional Gaussian white noise vector, independent and obedient
S53, the signals received by the user terminal antenna pass through the corresponding phase measuring phase shifter and are multiplied byAnd processing the data by a corresponding adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter to obtain a final overall transmission equation:
wherein,independent and compliant
S6, ZF decoding the processed signal
Line G'ZF＝((QHHHE)HQHHHE)-1(QHHHE)H，Y′ZF＝G′ZFY, then the data symbol s sent by the base stationkDecoding of
Wherein, (Y'ZF)kIs Y'ZFThe kth component of (a), epsilon, is the constellation employed by the user to transmit the signal.
As shown in fig. 5, in the downlink, the transceiver of the present invention only uses K rf links with a loss of about 3dB compared to the ideal case where the channel information is completely known.
Compared with the prior art that the base station needs Nr radio frequency links for processing and the user side needs Nt radio frequency links, the transceiver and the signal processing method thereof can process the received signals only by K radio frequency links, and do not need to use the perfect assumption that both receiving sides completely know the channel information, thereby reducing the construction cost and the power consumption loss and saving the occupied area required by the construction of the transceiver.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
- A single-user multiple-antenna signal transceiver in a MIMO system, comprising a base station and a multiple-antenna user, characterized in that:the base station is provided with Nr antennas to receive signals sent by Nt antennas of a user, wherein Nt and Nr are positive integers larger than 1;the user terminal comprises a user transmitting terminal and a user receiving terminal, the base station terminal comprises a base station transmitting terminal and a base station receiving terminal,the user transmitting end and the base station receiving end form an uplink, in which,the user transmitting terminal includes:the phase-shifting control unit comprises Nt sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase-measuring phase shifter, and the phase-measuring phase shifters are connected with the adjusting switches;k radio frequency links for transmitting the sending signals of the user end and respectively connected with Nt phase measuring phase shifters in each phase shift control unit in a one-to-one correspondence manner;nt adders which are respectively connected with the phase measuring phase shifters in the phase shift control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;the base station receiving end comprises:the Nr low-noise power amplifiers are connected with the Nr antennas in a one-to-one correspondence mode;nr phase shift control units which are connected with the Nr low-noise power amplifiers in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the phase-shifting control unit comprises K sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase-measuring phase shifter, the phase-measuring phase shifters are connected with the adjusting switches, and the adjusting switches are connected with corresponding low-noise power amplifiers;k adders which are respectively connected with the phase measuring phase shifters in the phase shift control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;k radio frequency links which are connected with the K adders in a one-to-one correspondence manner;k analog-to-digital converters are connected with the K radio frequency links in a one-to-one correspondence manner;and the decoder is connected with the K analog-to-digital converters.
- 2. The single-user multiple-antenna signal transceiver in a MIMO system of claim 1, wherein: the base station transmitting end and the user receiving end form a downlink, in which,the base station transmitting end comprises:the phase-shifting control unit comprises an adder and K sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase-measuring phase shifter, the adjusting switches are connected with the phase-measuring phase shifters, and the phase-measuring phase shifters are connected with the adder;k radio frequency links are used for transmitting the sending signals of the base station end and are connected with each phase-shifting control unit;the user receiving end includes:the Nt phase-shifting control units are connected with the Nt antennas in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the phase shift control unit comprises Nt sub-control units which are connected in parallel, each sub-control unit comprises an adjusting switch and a phase measurement phase shifter, and the phase measurement phase shifters are connected with the adjusting switches;the K adders are respectively connected with the K phase measuring phase shifters in the phase shift control units in a one-to-one correspondence manner;and the K radio frequency links are correspondingly connected with the K summers one by one.
- 3. A method for processing single-user multiple-antenna signals in a MIMO system, using the single-user multiple-antenna signal transceiver in the MIMO system of claim 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:in the uplink, the base station sets a transmission power,s1, the user transmitting terminal sends a training sequence to estimate the channel;s2, a user transmitting end sends a data signal, a base station receiving end receives the signal, and the signal is processed through a low noise power amplifier, a phase measurement phase shifter, an adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter;s3, inputting the processed signals into a decoder for decoding to obtain data signals sent by the user nodes;in the downlink, the number of channels in the downlink,s4, setting parameters of phase shift control units of a base station transmitting end and a user receiving end in a downlink according to the uplink training result;s5, a base station transmitting end sends data signals, a user receiving end receives the signals, and the signals are processed through a low noise power amplifier, a phase measurement phase shifter, an adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter;and S6, decoding the processed signal.
- 4. The method of claim 3, wherein: step S1 specifically includes:s11, setting the t direction-finding phase shifter of the k phase shift control unit at the user transmitting end as qk,tWherein q isk,tIs an element of the kth column, the tth row in the matrix Q, which is NtThe first K columns of the dimension DFT matrix;s12, the kth radio frequency link of the user transmitting end sends training symbols, the training symbols are all 1, all switches in the kth phase-shift control unit of the user transmitting end are switched on, switches of other phase-shift control units are switched off, and the sending signal x after pretreatment is sentkExpressed as:xk＝qkswherein K is 1,2, …, K, qk＝[q1kq2k...qNtk]TIs the k column vector in the matrix Q, s is the training symbol 1;switching on the kth switch of each phase shift control unit at the receiving end of the base station, switching off other switches of each phase shift control unit at the receiving end of the base station, and receiving a signal y by the base stationkExpressed as:where K is 1,2,., K, ρ is the signal-to-noise ratio, and H is Nr×NtDimensional channel matrix, wrkIs NrComplex additive white gaussian noise of x 1 dimension, each independent and CN (0,1) compliant;the signal received by the kth path of the phase shift control unit of the r receiving antenna of the base station is recorded as hr,kRecording the phase as phirk(r＝1,2,...,Nt) I.e. the transmission matrix of the transmitted signal after transmission through the transmit preprocessing unit and the wireless communication channel isH is to ber,kPhase phi ofr,kTaking a negative number, storing the negative number in a corresponding phase measurement phase shifter, and recording a phase matrix as follows:
- 5. the method of claim 4, wherein: step S1 further includes:s13, switching on all switches of a phase shift control unit of a kth radio frequency link at a user transmitting end, wherein the kth radio frequency link sends a training symbol 1;switching on the kth switch of all receiving antenna phase shift control units of the base station, switching off other switches of all receiving antenna phase shift control units of the base station, multiplying the signal received by the base station when passing through the phase shifterSending the signal to a k adder, and processing the signal by a k RF link and a k analog-to-digital converter to obtain a received signal z0k：Wherein,wr,krepresenting the noise received by the r-th antenna of the base station;s14, the K1 and K2 radio frequency links of the user transmitting end simultaneously transmit training symbols, the training symbols are 1, wherein K1, K2 is 1,2 … K, and K1 is not equal to K2, adjusting switches in the K1 and K2 phase shift control units of the user transmitting end are switched on simultaneously, the rest radio frequency links do not transmit signals, and then a signal matrix y received by the base station antenna is transmittedk1,k2Comprises the following steps:wherein h isk1、hk2For transmission matrixK1, k2 column, wk1,k2Is Nr × 1-dimensional complex additive white Gaussian noise, each independent and obedientS15, switching on the control switches of the phase-measuring phase shifters of the k1 th and the k2 th of all the phase-shifting control units at the receiving end of the base station, so that the signal y received by the antenna of the base stationk1,k2Passing through the phase-shift control units to obtain the k1 th and k2 th phase-measuring phase shifters, and multiplying the phase-measuring phase shifters by the phase-measuringAndthen sent to corresponding adder, and processed by corresponding radio frequency link and analog-to-digital converter to obtain two signals zk1,k2And zk2,k1Expressed as:s16, orderG is obtained by trainingk1,k2、gk2,k1To obtainThe estimation matrix G of (a) is:
- 6. the method of claim 3, wherein: step S2 specifically includes:s21, user transmitting end sends data signal, data symbol sent by k-th radio frequency link is marked as SkTurning on all the regulating switches to make the signal received by the r-th antenna be yrThen, there are:wherein n isrIs white Gaussian noise and is obeyedS22, the signals received by the antennas pass through the corresponding phase measuring phase shifters and are multiplied by the phase measuring phase shiftersThe signals are processed by corresponding summers, radio frequency links and analog-to-digital converters to obtain signals which are respectively marked as r1，r2，…，rK]Expressed as:wherein,independent and compliant for processed noise
- 7. The method of claim 3, wherein: the decoding method in step S3 is:let GZF＝(GHG)-1GH，The data symbol sent by the kth radio frequency link of the user transmitting terminal is marked as skIs decoded intoWherein (Y)ZF)kIs YZFThe kth component of (a), epsilon, is the constellation employed by the user to transmit the signal.
- 8. The method of claim 3, wherein: step S4 specifically includes:s41, obtaining the setting value E of the base station phase measuring phase shifter in the uplink by the uplink trainingH(ii) a Setting the phase of the kth phase measurement phase shifter of the phase shift control unit corresponding to the r antenna at the transmitting end of the base station as phir,kThe phase matrix is written as:s42, setting the kth direction-finding phase shifter of the tth phase shift control unit at the receiving end of the user to be(Denotes qt,kConjugate of (b) wherein qt,kIs an element of the kth column and kth row in the matrix Q.
- 9. The method of claim 8, wherein: step S5 specifically includes:s51, switching on all the adjusting switches, the transmitting end of the base station sends data signals, the data symbol sent by the kth radio frequency link is marked as Sk' the transmission matrix after the transmission of the transmission signal through each phase shift control unit of the base station and the wireless communication channel is recorded asS52, recording the signal received by the r-th antenna at the receiving end of the user as yr', then there are:wherein n isrIs white Gaussian noise and is obeyedThe transmission equation from the transmitting end of the base station to the receiving antenna of the receiving end of the user can be expressed asWherein W represents NrX 1-dimensional Gaussian white noise vector, independent and obedientS53, the signals received by the antenna at the receiving end of the user pass through the corresponding phase-measuring phase shifter and are multiplied byAnd processing the data by a corresponding adder, a radio frequency link and an analog-to-digital converter to obtain an overall transmission equation:wherein,independent and compliant
- 10. The method of claim 9, wherein: step S6 specifically includes:the processed signal is ZF decoded,line G'ZF＝((QHHHE)HQHHHE)-1(QHHHE)H，Y′ZF＝G′ZFY, then the data symbol s sent by the base stationkDecoding ofWherein, (Y'ZF)kIs Y'ZFThe kth component of (a), epsilon, is the constellation employed by the user to transmit the signal。
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