Carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc and wheel suitable for high-speed motor train unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, in particular to a carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for a high-speed motor train unit, and also relates to a wheel comprising the carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit.
Background
The braking system is one of key technologies of rolling stock and is directly related to the running safety of a train. At present, research and application of disc brake in China have been greatly developed, and all high-speed motor train units are provided with disc brake devices. The most critical means of braking is the brake disc. According to the installation mode, the brake discs for the high-speed motor train unit are generally divided into shaft-mounted brake discs and wheel-mounted brake discs. The loads experienced during braking are: the working under the complex working conditions of strong friction, high heat load, large braking force, centrifugal force and the like such as self weight, braking torque, heat load, vibration impact load and the like, the reliability of the working of the brake disc almost determines the reliability level of the whole basic brake device structure, and the driving safety of railway rolling stock is directly influenced.
The brake disc and the brake pad are used as a pair of friction pairs for basic braking, in the braking process, according to the energy conservation theory, the kinetic energy of a train in high-speed movement is in direct proportion to the square of the speed of the train, when the train is braked, the mutual friction between the brake disc and the brake pad converts the kinetic energy of the train into heat energy, one part of heat energy is dissipated in the air, and the other part of heat energy forms the heat load of the brake disc and the brake pad. As the speed of the train increases, the thermal load generated during braking increases substantially.
The traditional cast steel brake disc is currently applied to a high-speed train with the speed of 350km/h, hot spots and thermal fatigue cracks are easy to form under a long-time braking high-temperature environment, the thermal load is close to the use limit of the cast steel disc, and the cast steel brake disc is difficult to meet the use requirement along with the improvement of the speed of the train.
The traditional cast steel brake disc has heavy weight, is particularly disadvantageous in the weight reduction of unsprung mass for the important requirement of train reduction, and has important guiding significance for the speed increase, energy conservation and emission reduction of the train.
After being heated, the traditional cast steel brake disc can generate buckling deformation, so that the bolts bear larger bending fatigue stress, and further the risk of bolt fracture possibly exists, and the safe operation of a train is influenced.
If the pure carbon ceramic brake disc is used for the high-speed motor train unit, the safety of the pure carbon ceramic brake disc is not considered. Firstly, because the carbon ceramic material is brittle and has lower strength, if the carbon ceramic material is applied to a high-speed motor train unit, on one hand, the high braking torque is difficult to bear, on the other hand, the bolt cannot be resisted to be heated to expand so as to cause the rotation of a brake disc, and the temperature transmitted to wheels or even axles by a third brake disc is higher, so that the axle temperature of a vehicle can be alarmed, and the safety of the train is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the heat load of a brake disc of a motor train unit is insufficient above 350km/h, reduce unsprung mass of a train, reduce deformation of the brake disc, reduce fracture risk brought to bolts and transfer heat to wheel axles, the invention provides a carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake and disc wheel suitable for a high-speed motor train unit.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for a high-speed motor train unit comprises a carbon Tao Maca body and an isolation support body which are arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the isolation support body and a carbon ceramic friction body are of annular structures, and a heat-insulating ceramic coating is arranged on the surface of the isolation support body facing the carbon ceramic friction body; along the circumference of isolation support body, be applicable to the carbon pottery wheel dress brake disc of high-speed EMUs contains a plurality of connection regions, in this connection region, carbon Tao Maca body and isolation support body are connected fixedly through adapting unit.
In one of the connection areas, the connection part comprises two first bolts which sequentially penetrate through the carbon Tao Maca body and the isolation support body, the two first bolts are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the isolation support body, and the isolation support body is in clearance fit with the first bolts.
The inner side surface of the isolation support body is provided with a protruding ring, the protruding ring is sleeved outside the first bolt, and protruding strips arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body are connected outside the protruding ring.
The connecting part further comprises four second bolts penetrating through the carbon Tao Maca body and the isolation support body, countersunk through holes for installing the second bolts are formed in the carbon Tao Maca body, installation through holes for the second bolts to penetrate through are formed in the isolation support body, the four second bolts are located between the two first bolts, and the four second bolts are distributed in an isosceles trapezoid shape.
The pole portion of second bolt contains head section, interlude and the afterbody section that connects gradually, and head and the head section of second bolt all are located carbon Tao Maca internally, and the interlude of second bolt is located keeps apart the supporter, has the clearance between head section and the carbon pottery friction body, and the external diameter of interlude is articulated the cooperation with the aperture of the installation through-hole of keeping apart the supporter, and the external diameter of interlude is greater than the external diameter of head section and the external diameter of afterbody section.
The inner side surface of the isolation support body is provided with an arc-shaped bulge, the arc-shaped bulge is positioned at two sides of the second bolt along the circumferential direction of the isolation support body, the arc-shaped bulge comprises a straight surface and an arc-shaped surface, the straight surface of the arc-shaped bulge faces the second bolt, and the straight surface of the arc-shaped bulge is parallel to the diameter direction of the isolation support body.
The connecting part further comprises a plug pin for connecting the carbon Tao Maca body and the isolation supporting body, the plug pin is positioned in the middle of the four second bolts, convex strips are arranged on two sides of the plug pin along the circumferential direction of the isolation supporting body, and the convex strips are fixed on the inner side surface of the isolation supporting body and the inner side surface of the carbon ceramic friction body.
The outside surface of keep apart the supporter is equipped with many annular heat dissipation grooves, between two adjacent connection region, and the inside surface of keep apart the supporter is equipped with first bead, and first bead sets up along the diameter direction of keep apart the supporter.
And a second rib is further arranged on the inner side surface of the isolation support body between the first rib and the connection area, the second rib is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body, and an arc-shaped bending section corresponding to the protruding ring is arranged in the middle of the second rib.
The utility model provides a wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs, contains including basic disk body, all is equipped with annular mounting groove in the both sides of basic disk body, all is equipped with foretell carbon pottery wheel dress brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs in every annular mounting groove, and carbon Tao Maca body, isolation support body, basic disk body, isolation support body and carbon pottery friction body are the range upon range of fixedly of connection in proper order.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit adopts a composite structure, so that the service life of the brake disc can be greatly prolonged, and the long-term reliability of the operation of the high-speed motor train unit is ensured.
2. Compared with the existing brake disc, the weight of the brake disc can be reduced by 30% -50%.
3. The method is particularly suitable for the motor train unit trains with the speed per hour of more than 350 km.
4. Reducing the amount of heat transferred to the wheel.
5. The influence of the thermal buckling deformation of the brake disc on the bolts is reduced, and the use safety of the brake disc is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for a high-speed motor train unit.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for a high-speed motor train unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the spacer support.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the direction D-D in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the direction E-E in fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction F-F in fig. 6.
Fig. 10 is a front view of the carbon ceramic friction body.
Fig. 11 is a rear view of the carbon ceramic friction body.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a second bolt.
1. A base tray body; 2. isolating the support; 3. a carbon Tao Maca body; 4. a connecting member;
11. an annular mounting groove;
21. A raised ring; 22. a protruding strip; 23. an arcuate projection; 24. a convex strip; 25. a first rib; 26. a second rib; 27. an annular heat sink;
41. A first bolt; 42. a second bolt; 43. a plug pin;
421. a head section; 422. an intermediate section; 423. a tail section.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
The carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit comprises a carbon ceramic friction body 3 and an isolation support body 2 which are arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the isolation support body 2 and the carbon ceramic friction body 3 are of annular structures, and a heat-insulating ceramic coating is arranged on the surface of the isolation support body 2 facing the carbon ceramic friction body 3; along the circumference of the isolation support body 2, the carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit comprises a plurality of connecting areas, and in each connecting area, the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2 are fixedly connected through a connecting part 4, as shown in figures 1 to 4.
In this embodiment, the insulating support 2 and the carbon ceramic friction body 3 are both in a sheet structure, and the axis of the insulating support 2 and the axis of the carbon ceramic friction body 3 coincide, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. When in installation and use, the axis of the isolation support body 2 and the axis of the carbon ceramic friction body 3 are overlapped with the axis of the base disc body 1.
In this embodiment, along the circumference of the isolation support 2, the carbon ceramic wheel brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit contains a plurality of connection areas, and the connection part 4 comprises a part for connecting and fixing the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support 2, and also comprises a part for connecting and fixing the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support 2 and the base disc body 1 of the wheel. The meaning of the connection region is understood to be the region in which the connection part 4 is located. The carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit in the embodiment comprises six identical connecting areas.
In the present embodiment, in one of the connection regions, the connection member 4 includes two first bolts 41 that pass through the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2 in order (since there are six connection regions, the connection member 4 includes 12 first bolts 41 in total), the two first bolts 41 are disposed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the isolation support body 2, and the isolation support body 2 is in clearance fit with the first bolts 41. The carbon ceramic friction body 3 is internally provided with a through hole for installing the first bolt 41, and the isolation support body 2 is internally provided with a countersunk hole for installing the first bolt 41. The first bolt 41 is used for connecting and fixing the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support body 2 and the base disc body 1 of the wheel.
In this embodiment, the inner side surface of the isolation support 2 (i.e. the surface of the isolation support 2 facing the base tray 1) is provided with a protruding ring 21, the protruding ring 21 is sleeved outside the first bolt 41, a protruding strip 22 arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support 2 is connected to the protruding ring 21, and when in use, both the protruding ring 21 and the protruding strip 22 are abutted against the base tray 1, as shown in fig. 6 and 7. The main function of the raised rings 21 and raised strips 22 is to increase the strength of the support while increasing the contact area with air to dissipate heat.
In this embodiment, the connecting member 4 further includes four second bolts 42 passing through the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2, the four second bolts 42 are located between the two first bolts 41, and the four second bolts 42 are distributed in an isosceles trapezoid shape, as shown in fig. 2. The carbon ceramic friction body 3 is provided with a countersunk through hole for installing the second bolt 42, and the isolation support body 2 is provided with an installation through hole for the second bolt 42 to pass through, as shown in fig. 10 and 11. The second bolt 42 is used for connecting and fixing the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2.
In this embodiment, the shaft portion of the second bolt 42 includes a head section 421, a middle section 422 and a tail section 423 that are sequentially connected, the head and head sections 421 of the second bolt 42 are both located in countersunk through holes of the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the middle section 422 of the second bolt 42 is located in a mounting through hole of the isolation support body 2, a gap exists between the head section 421 and the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the outer diameter of the middle section 422 is hinged with the mounting through hole of the isolation support body 2, and the outer diameter of the middle section 422 is larger than the outer diameters of the head section 421 and the tail section 423, as shown in fig. 12.
The rod part of the second bolt 42 adopts a three-section design, and has the advantages that as the materials of the carbon Tao Maca body and the isolation support body are different, when the train brakes, the deformation of the carbon ceramic friction body 3 is smaller than that of the isolation support body 2 when braking friction is heated, the middle section of the second bolt 42 is hinged and matched with the installation through hole of the isolation support body 2, the bolt can be driven to move outwards along the radial direction, the gap between the second bolt 42 and the carbon ceramic friction body 3 can adapt to the deformation of the carbon ceramic friction body 3, under the condition of ensuring the axial force of the second bolt 42, the provided friction force can meet the braking torque, meanwhile, the shearing of the second bolt 42 can be avoided, and the running safety of the train is ensured.
In the present embodiment, the inner side surface of the insulating support 2 is provided with the arcuate projections 23, the arcuate projections 23 are located on both sides of the second bolt 42 in the circumferential direction of the insulating support 2, the arcuate projections 23 have a flat surface and an arcuate surface, the flat surface of the arcuate projections 23 faces the second bolt 42, the flat surface of the arcuate projections 23 is parallel to the diameter direction of the insulating support 2, and preferably the diameter of the insulating support 2 is within the flat surface of the arcuate projections 23. The arcuate projections 23 have a main function of increasing the rigidity of the insulating support body 2, supporting the friction surface, and increasing the contact area with air to dissipate heat.
In this embodiment, the connection member 4 further includes a plug pin 43 for connecting the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support body 2 and the base plate body 1, the plug pin 43 is located in the middle of the four second bolts 42, and the diameter of the middle of the plug pin 43 is larger than the diameter of the two ends. Along the circumferential direction of the insulating support 2, the plug pins 43 are provided with protruding strips 24 on both sides, and the protruding strips 24 are fixed to the inner side surface of the insulating support 2 and the inner side surface of the carbon ceramic friction body 3, as shown in fig. 1 to 8. The plug pin 43 is used for facilitating the installation of the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support body 2 and the base plate body 1 and improving the shearing resistance of the second bolt 42. The main function of the ribs 24 is to increase the rigidity of the isolation support 2, support the friction surface, and increase the contact area with air for heat dissipation.
In the present embodiment, between the adjacent two of the connection regions, the inner side surface of the separator support body 2 is provided with the first rib 25, and the first rib 25 is provided along the diameter direction of the separator support body 2, as shown in fig. 6 and 9. Between the first rib 25 and the connection area, the inner side surface of the isolation support body 2 is further provided with a second rib 26, the second rib 26 is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body 2, and the middle part of the second rib 26 is provided with an arc-shaped bending section corresponding to the raised ring 21. The primary purpose of the first rib 25 and the second rib 26 is to increase the rigidity of the insulating support 2, support the friction surface, and increase the contact area with air to dissipate heat.
In this embodiment, the outer side surface (the surface facing the carbon ceramic friction body 3) of the isolation support body 2 is provided with a plurality of annular heat dissipation grooves 27, the plurality of annular heat dissipation grooves 27 are in concentric circle relation, a thermal insulation ceramic coating is disposed on the surface of the isolation support body 2, which is matched with the carbon ceramic friction body 3, along the axis direction of the isolation support body 2 (i.e., a thermal insulation ceramic coating is disposed on the left side surface of the isolation support body 2 on the left side in fig. 3, and a thermal insulation ceramic coating is disposed on the right side surface of the isolation support body 2 on the right side), so as to prevent the carbon ceramic friction body 3 from conducting heat to the base disc body 1. The thickness of the thermal-insulating ceramic coating is 5-1000 microns, preferably 300-500 microns, and the thermal-insulating ceramic coating can achieve good bonding strength and heat resistance.
In this embodiment, the material of the base disc body 1 may be steel, the material of the isolation support body 2 may be steel or aluminum-based composite material or high-strength aluminum alloy, and the material of the carbon ceramic friction body 3 is the existing carbon ceramic composite material, and the carbon ceramic composite material has good wear resistance and high-temperature deformation resistance. The ratio of the thickness of the carbon ceramic friction body 3 to the separation support body 2 is preferably 0.85 to 1.
The carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit adopts a composite structure, so that the service life of the brake disc can be greatly prolonged, and the long-term reliability of the operation of the high-speed motor train unit is ensured. Compared with the existing brake disc, the weight of the brake disc can be reduced by 30% -50%. The method is particularly suitable for the motor train unit trains with the speed per hour of more than 350 km. Reducing the amount of heat transferred to the wheel. The influence of the thermal buckling deformation of the brake disc on the bolts is reduced, and the use safety of the brake disc is improved.
The following introduces a wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs, this wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs contains including basic disk body 1, all is equipped with annular mounting groove 11 in the both sides of basic disk body 1, all is equipped with the foretell carbon pottery wheel dress brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs in every annular mounting groove 11, and carbon pottery friction body 3, isolation support body 2, basic disk body 1, isolation support body 2 and carbon pottery friction body 3 are laminated in proper order and are connected fixedly.
Specifically, the first bolt 41 sequentially passes through the left carbon ceramic friction body 3, the left isolation support body 2, the base plate body 1, the right isolation support body 2 and the right carbon ceramic friction body 3, and the axis of the left carbon ceramic friction body 3, the axis of the left isolation support body 2, the axis of the base plate body 1, the axis of the right isolation support body 2 and the axis of the right carbon ceramic friction body 3 coincide.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that the substitution of equivalent elements or equivalent variations and modifications within the scope of the invention shall fall within the scope of the patent. In addition, the technical characteristics and technical characteristics, the technical characteristics and technical scheme and the technical scheme can be freely combined for use.