CN109811913A - A vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure and its installation process - Google Patents
A vibration-damping and sound-insulating structure and its installation process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种减振隔声结构及其安装工艺。涉及建筑以及各种工企业设备噪声的控制领域。能够避免因隔声材料振动所引起的“二次噪音”。该减振隔声结构包括第一隔声单元、第二隔声单元和第一阻尼层，所述第一阻尼层设置在所述第一隔声单元和所述第二隔声单元之间；其中，所述第一隔声单元因机械力与所述第一阻尼层之间、以及所述第一阻尼层因机械力与所述第二隔声单元之间紧密贴合。该减振隔声结构能够有效地控制结构的振动。
The invention provides a vibration and sound insulation structure and an installation process thereof. It involves the control of noise in buildings and various industrial and enterprise equipment. It can avoid the "secondary noise" caused by the vibration of the sound insulation material. The vibration and sound insulation structure includes a first sound insulation unit, a second sound insulation unit and a first damping layer, and the first damping layer is arranged between the first sound insulation unit and the second sound insulation unit; Wherein, the first sound insulation unit is closely attached to the first damping layer due to mechanical force, and the first damping layer is closely attached to the second sound insulation unit due to mechanical force. The vibration reduction and sound insulation structure can effectively control the vibration of the structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to noise reduction opacity technique field, in particular to a kind of vibration damping sound insulating structure and its mounting process.
Background technique
Generate strong air-borne sound and its structure-borne sound transmission when equipment operation, instrument playing, video display play to control and
Pollution ambient enviroment or cabin, room, room etc. for having higher requirements to control indoor sound pressure level and needing to make a kind of sound insulation, lead to
It is usually used in wall, roof, floor must have a higher air oise insulation factor and preferable strike note attenuation function.Sound insulation for building construction is logical
Often include the sound insulation of wall construction for sound insulation of wall, the sound insulation furred ceiling for roof sound insulation and builds ground for the floating of floor sound insulation
Plate.
Traditional sound insulation of wall construction and sound insulation furred ceiling is configured to: using lightgage steel joist as basic structure, keel specification
It generally 75~100 millimeters, generallys use 2~3 layers of plasterboard and is directly anchored on lightgage steel joist as sound insulating structure, and it is empty
Intracavitary filling rock wool.Floating floor is usually configured to: being laid with rock wool on original building floor, is sealed on rock wool with plastic film
Packet rock wool, the assembling reinforcement placing concrete on film, the purpose is to prevent mortar from permeating mortar sealing by plastic film
There is structure-borne sound transmission in the acoustic bridge that new structure-borne sound transmission is generated by rock wool.
In realizing process of the present invention, inventor has found above-mentioned construction, and at least there are the following problems:
Although being only in surface bonding using a large amount of damping technique in the cabin room of typical ship equipment
Damping layer, for this way although constraint inhibits its vibration to improve structure-borne sound transmission to a certain extent, effect is unknown
It is aobvious.
In the case of using traditional sound insulation of wall construction and sound insulation furred ceiling, when indoor sound (i.e. sound pressure level) is more than one
When determining sound level such as 70dB, the vibration of plasterboard can be caused, this vibration forms the acoustic bridge of structure-borne sound transmission by lightgage steel joist, together
When lightgage steel joist in cavity can also generate reverberation, sound pressure level can increase by 15~20dB on the basis of original, to make
Caused by origin cause of formation sound insulating material vibrates " secondary noise ".Even if being filled with rock wool in cavity, the sound absorption of this material
Only 3~5dB is entirely an utterly inadequate amount.
In the case of using floating floor, the intact nothing of plastic film can not be always maintained in the assembling reinforcement of rock wool surface
Damage, once gap concrete mortar, which occurs, in film will pass through rock wool by gap penetration and form new acoustic bridge structure is caused to pass
Sound, to be caused by sound insulating material vibration caused " secondary noise ".
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention, which provides a kind of vibration damping sound insulating structure and its mounting process, the vibration damping sound insulating structure, to be had
The vibration and effectively inhibition of effect ground control structure pass through structure-borne sound transmission caused by structure.Suitable for building and various work enterprises
The control of noise of equipment.
Specifically, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vibration damping sound insulating structure comprising: first sound insulation unit, second every
Sound unit and the first damping layer.First damping layer setting the first sound insulation unit and the second sound insulation unit it
Between.It is described first sound insulation unit because between mechanical force and first damping layer and first damping layer because mechanical force with
It is fitted closely between the second sound insulation unit.
Optionally, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes the second damping layer, and second damping layer is closely pasted because of mechanical force
It closes on the surface far from first damping layer of the second sound insulation unit.
Optionally, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes third sound insulation unit, and third insulates against sound unit because mechanical force is closely pasted
It closes on the surface far from the second sound insulation unit of the second damping layer.
Optionally, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes fastening unit, and the fastening unit includes in screw rod and steel structure
At least one, the fastening unit makes between the first sound insulation unit and first damping layer and first damping
It is fitted closely between layer and the second sound insulation unit.
Optionally, the fastening unit includes screw rod, and the separate described of the second sound insulation unit is arranged in the screw rod
On the surface of first damping layer.In this case, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes rubber sheet gasket, the rubber sheet gasket has two
The different special-shaped step structure of side diameter；The screw rod from the rubber sheet gasket there is larger-diameter side to penetrate the rubber
Glue gasket, the direct rigidity disconnected between the section of the sound insulating structure and the section of the screw rod by the rubber sheet gasket connect
Touching.
Optionally, the fastening unit includes steel structure, and the separate described of the second sound insulation unit is arranged in the steel structure
On the surface of first damping layer.In this case, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes vibration isolation rubber layer, the vibration isolation rubber layer is set
It sets between the second sound insulation unit and the steel structure.
Optionally, the fastening unit further includes band steel and screw, in the centerline aperture of the steel structure, the screw
Be mounted in the hole, by the screw by stress on the band steel.In this case, the vibration damping sound insulating structure is also
Including special-shaped damping washer, the abnormity damping washer is embedded into the hole of the steel structure.
Optionally, the second sound insulation unit and the first sound insulation unit fissure of displacement setting.
Optionally, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes the 4th sound insulation unit, the 4th sound insulation unit and described first
The angled setting of the unit that insulates against sound, is provided with third damping layer on the surface of the 4th sound insulation unit, the third damping layer because
Mechanical force is fitted closely with the 4th sound insulation unit.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of mounting process, and the technique uses any in above-mentioned first aspect
Vibration damping sound insulating structure described in embodiment is installed, and the technique includes: setting the first sound insulation unit；Be bonded described first every
Sound unit is laid with the first damping layer；The second sound insulation unit is laid with first damping layer is bonded.
The vibration damping sound insulating structure of the embodiment of the present invention forms the compound of multilayer by being arranged alternately sound insulation unit and damping layer
Formula sound insulating structure not only has the function of air sound insulation, moreover, capableing of the vibration of effective control structure body and effectively inhibiting logical
Cross structure-borne sound transmission caused by structural body.Suitable for building and the control of various work business equipment noises.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the part of vibration damping sound insulating structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of another structural representation of the part of vibration damping sound insulating structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of another structural representation of the part of vibration damping sound insulating structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is a kind of another structural representation of the part of vibration damping sound insulating structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is a kind of another structural representation of the part of vibration damping sound insulating structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Side view of the Fig. 6 based on ground Yu the local structure of the vibration damping sound insulating structure of side wall body；
Fig. 7 shows the plan view of the local structure of the vibration damping sound insulating structure based on indoor supporter；
Fig. 8 shows the side view of the local structure of individual vibration damping sound insulating structure；
Fig. 9 is a kind of flow diagram of mounting process shown in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Example embodiments are described in detail here, and the example is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.Following description is related to
When attached drawing, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings indicate the same or similar elements.Following exemplary embodiment
Described in embodiment do not represent all embodiments consistented with the present invention.On the contrary, they be only with it is such as appended
The example of structures and methods being described in detail in claims, some aspects of the invention are consistent.
It will be appreciated that though various information, but this may be described using term first, second, third, etc. in the present invention
A little information should not necessarily be limited by these terms.These terms are only used to for same type of information being distinguished from each other out.For example, not departing from
In the case where the scope of the invention, the first sound insulation unit can also be referred to as the second sound insulation unit, similarly, the second sound insulation unit
The first sound insulation unit can be referred to as.
In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, vibration damping sound insulating structure includes that the first sound insulation unit 101 and the second sound insulation are single
Member 102 is provided with the first damping layer 103, and the first sound insulation unit between first sound insulation unit 101 and the second sound insulation unit 102
101 and first fit closely between damping layer 103 and between the first damping layer 103 and the second sound insulation unit 102.
Above mentioned embodiment provide a kind of vibration damping sound insulating structures, form multilayer by being arranged alternately sound insulation unit and damping layer
Combined type sound insulating structure, not only have the function of air sound insulation, moreover, capableing of the effectively vibration of control structure body and effectively
Inhibit through structure-borne sound transmission caused by structural body.Suitable for building and the control of various work business equipment noises.Moreover, substitution
Existing bonding or the mode of bonding.It is realized " fitting closely " by mechanical compaction mode, which is easier to make the first sound insulation
Unit, the first damping layer, second sound insulation unit between it is seamless.
In one example, vibration damping sound insulating structure proposed by the present invention can use different sound insulation knots according to requirement of engineering
Structure.First sound insulation unit 101 can be building support, for example, the first sound insulation unit be floor supporter, roof supported body or
Wall support body.At this point, based on a part of structure (a part of structure is building support) of original building structure,
Damping layer 103 is set thereon and the second sound insulation unit 102 protects original building structure not and will receive the dirt of air-borne sound or structure-borne sound transmission
Dye.First sound insulation unit 101 can be specifically cement pressure plate, steel plate etc..When the first sound insulation unit 101 is cement pressure plate
When, there can be about 120 millimeters of thickness.First sound insulation unit 101 may not be building support, and the present invention is not done herein
It is specific to limit.First sound insulation unit 101 can be set to cement pressure plate, steel structure, glass plate etc..In some embodiments, first
The thickness of sound insulation unit 101 can be 3~200 millimeters.Such as when the first sound insulation unit 101 is building support, can have
There is 120 millimeters of thickness；In another example having and the second sound insulation unit when the first sound insulation unit 101 is not building support
When 102 basically same structure, there can be 12 millimeters of thickness.In following examples, unless otherwise instructed, then it can recognize
For be in the first sound insulation unit 101 with the second sound insulation unit 102 with essentially identical structure in the case where the illustration that carries out.
In one example, the second sound insulation unit 102 can be not less than 1.7t/m using density3High density material system
At the high density material such as cement, steel or glass etc..Therefore the second sound insulation unit 102 can be not less than 1.7t/m for density3
Cement pressure plate, calcium silicate board.In some embodiments, the thickness of the second sound insulation unit 102 can be 3~12 millimeters.When
When second sound insulation unit 102 is using cement, there can be 12 millimeters of thickness；When using steel, there can be 3 millimeters of thickness
Degree；When using glass, there can be 6~8 millimeters of thickness.
In one example, the thickness of the first damping layer 103 can according to the density of its damped coefficient and sound insulating material and into
Row setting.Particularly, the thickness range of the first damping layer 103 can be 5 millimeters~10 millimeters, e.g. 5 millimeters, 6 millimeters, 8
Millimeter, 9 millimeters, 10 millimeters etc..The hardness range of first damping layer 103 is 50~65 (using shore hardness method of testing), such as
It is 50,55,60,65 etc..In addition, the thickness of damping layer needs and the integral thickness of vibration damping sound insulating structure matches, for example, the
One sound insulation unit is that first thickness for insulating against sound the damping layer between unit and the second sound insulation unit in the case of supporter needs
It is thicker than the damping layer between the first sound insulation unit and the second sound insulation unit when the first sound insulation unit is not supporter
Spend it is much thicker, it is possible thereby to control the structure-borne sound transmission for causing original structure because of the vibration of vibration damping sound insulating structure to greatest extent.
In some embodiments, pure natural rubber slab or soft polyvinyl chloride pvc or poly- can be used in the first damping layer 103
The damping materials such as urethane are made.When the first damping layer 103 is using pure natural rubber slab, there can be 5 millimeters of thickness.
It should be noted that inventor has in the experimentation of the sound insulation unit of setting first, second and the first damping layer
There is following discovery:
Experiment one: when the first, second sound insulation unit and single layer damping layer is only arranged, 16mm adds its glass structure of glue glass
It is 38dB for air oise insulation factor measured by 8mm+0.76pvb+8mm.
Experiment two: increasing 6mm on the basis of original 16mm for above-mentioned plus glue glass thickness of glass, makes plus glue glass is thick
Degree reaches 22mm, glass structure 10mm+0.76pvb+12mm.By this way, change and add glue glass quality density, but hinder
Buddhist nun's layer is constant.Measured air oise insulation factor is 36dB.The air oise insulation factor is reduced than the air oise insulation factor measured in experiment one
2 decibels.
Experiment three: the overall thickness degree of being arranged to of glue glass will be added identical as the thickness of glass for testing two namely 22mm.However
Layer glass is changed to triplex glass and increases by one layer of damping layer, after changing structure by the structure for changing glass in this experiment
Adding glue glass is 8mm+0.76pvb+6mm+0.76pvb+8mm.Measured air oise insulation factor is 49dB.Pass through in this experiment
Only increase the air oise insulation factor that the oise insulation factor measured after one layer of glass and one layer of damping layer is measured than experiment one and then improves 11dB.
Experiment three is compared with experiment two, the same doubling glass with 22mm thickness, only by layer glass 10mm+12mm
Triplex glass 8mm+6mm+8mm is changed into, and increases the pvb film that one layer of its thickness is only 0.76mm.But in same thickness
22mm plus glue glass in the case where, experiment three in air oise insulation factor than experiment two in air oise insulation factor improve 13dB.
It could be assumed that, can not simply it be taken existing logical after comparing and analyzing the experimental result of above three experiment
The method for the mass density for increasing sound insulating structure is crossed to improve air oise insulation factor, but is changing the mass density of sound insulating structure
The mass density of the damping factor and sound insulating structure that need to make damping material in the process is adapted.By the design of science being adopted
The damping material that sound insulating material is decomposed into multilayer and is suitble under designing between each layer sound insulating material, not only makes vibration damping insulate against sound
Structure has good air oise insulation factor and has the effect for increasing and hitting acoustic attenuation.
It insulates against sound by this three groups glass air it is demonstrated experimentally that in order to improve air oise insulation factor, the quality of sound insulating structure is close
Degree is key factor but is not single factor.Increase damping on sound insulating structure to be able to suppress the vibration of the structure and improve sky
Air bound volume, but be not simply to increase damping in surface or single layer, but it as needed will sound insulation unit and damping layer
It is arranged to multi-layer compound structure.Furthermore, it is possible to be vibrated by the mechanical pressure control structure for increasing above-mentioned multi-layer compound structure
Decaying.
Experiment four: making vibration damping sound insulating structure on a thickness of 120mm steel reinforced concrete floor, and the vibration damping sound insulating structure of the experiment is logical
Cross the completion of following four step.It step 1, is 15m in area2, with a thickness of mat formation on the steel and concrete structure floor of 120mm with a thickness of
6mm vibration isolation plate；Step 2, mat formation on the vibration isolation plate first layer with a thickness of 12mm cement pressure plate；Step 3, in the cement pressure
Mat formation on power plate with a thickness of the damping layer of 4mm；Step 4, mat formation on the damping layer second layer with a thickness of 12mm cement pressure
Plate.
Above vibration damping sound insulating structure installs.With a thickness of 120mm, air oise insulation factor is 54dB, floor through hitting
Sound pressure level is Ln,wThe structure of whole floor is formed on the steel reinforced concrete floor of=78dB, after the floor sound insulating structure of above-mentioned steps of mating formation 2-4
It makes.Strike note sound insulation detection is carried out to the construction, sound pressure level Ln, w=60dB are hit in weighted standardization, and weighted hits sound pressure level and changes
Kind △ Lw=18dB.It, should according to the floor crashing sound insulation standard in GB50118-2010 " Code for sound insulation design of civil buildings "
Floor crashing performance reaches residential housing, School Buildings, hospital architecture and hotel building respective level standard.To the structure
The detection of air oise insulation factor is carried out, oise insulation factor RW is 54dB (- 1；-5).
By many experiments discovery to vibration damping sound insulating structure, the existing simple matter for increasing sound insulating structure can not be passed through
The method of metric density improves air oise insulation factor, but the damping factor of damping material and the mass density of sound insulating structure are mutually fitted
It answers, used sound insulating material is decomposed by the design of science by multilayer and designs suitable resistance between each layer sound insulation unit
Damping material can not only make vibration damping sound insulating structure have the work that good air oise insulation factor can also have the decaying for increasing strike note
With, while vibration damping sound insulating structure can be made to reduce load and sound insulation cost.
In addition, the experiment repeatedly by inventor is found, can be effectively improved although improving the mass density of sound insulating structure
Air oise insulation factor, but improve limitation.In particular, once sound insulating structure is tied because the raising of air sound pressure level causes vibration
Structure is transaudient, then all sound insulation measures taken become futile effort, therefore the vibration of control structure is that control structure is transaudient and air
The most crucial emphasis of sound.Though traditional damping is only to have certain effect in its sound insulating structure surface mount damping layer,
But it cannot be vibration thoroughly isolation.In the present invention, in order to improve vibration damping sound insulating structure strike note decaying and air every
Volume, vibration damping sound insulating structure can get rid of restriction of the mass law to sound insulating structure, by will insulate against sound unit and damping MULTILAYER COMPOSITE,
Not only ensure the connection of the disrupted configuration between vibration damping sound insulating structure and original building body, and want strict control sound insulation unit with every
The connection of section and section between sound unit.
In the above-described embodiments, the effect of the first and second sound insulation units is the work for reaching sound insulation by the quality of material
With；The effect of first damping layer 103 is turned off the physical contact between the first and second sound insulation units to cutting first and the
Acoustic bridge connection between two sound insulation units.Since the first and second sound insulation units are pressed down by the constraint of the first damping layer 103
Damping is dynamic, and the first damping layer 103 is fitted tightly between the first and second sound insulation units and without a bit gap, therefore can
" structure-borne sound transmission " can be effectively avoided the occurrence of again while improving the air oise insulation factor of itself, namely is avoided because sound insulating material vibrates
Caused " secondary noise ".
Based on the above embodiment, in an application scenarios, using the first sound insulation unit as the supporter of floor.?
Damping flexible glue bar, damping layer, cold-reduced sheet, the second sound insulation unit are successively laid on one sound insulation unit.Wherein, damping layer includes natural
Soft soft-slab of rubber layer, PVC etc., wherein cold-reduced sheet is generally 3mm, and load as needed can increase its thickness to improve lotus
Carry intensity.
In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes the second damping layer 104, the second damping layer
104 are fitted tightly on the surface 1021 far from the first damping layer 103 of the second sound insulation unit 102.
In one example, the thickness of the second damping layer 104 can according to the density of its damped coefficient and sound insulating material and into
Row setting.The thickness range of first damping layer 103 can be 5 millimeters~20 millimeters, e.g. 5 millimeters, 8 millimeters, 10 millimeters, 15
Millimeter, 20 millimeters etc., thickness can be identical as the first damping layer.The hardness range of second damping layer 104 is 50~65 (uses
Shore hardness method of testing), e.g. 50,55,60,65 etc..In some embodiments, the second damping layer 104 can be used pure natural
Rubber slab or soft polyvinyl chloride pvc are made.When the second damping layer 104 is using pure natural rubber slab, can have for example
5.5 millimeters of thickness.
In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes third sound insulation unit 105, third sound insulation is single
Member 105 is fitted tightly on the surface 1041 far from the second sound insulation unit 102 of the second damping layer 104.
In one example, third sound insulation unit 105 can be not less than 1.7t/m using density3High density material system
At the high density material such as cement, steel or glass etc..When third sound insulation unit 105 is using cement, there can be 12 millis
The thickness of rice；When using steel, there can be 3 millimeters of thickness；When using glass, there can be 6~8 millimeters of thickness
Degree.
When the first and second sound insulation units are inhibited it because the vibration of noise generation is to drop by the constraint of the first damping layer
Low vibration energy is then inhibited remaining vibration to disappear again by the isolation of third sound insulation unit with the constraint of the second damping layer again
Consume vibrational energy.And this sound insulating structure can not only also can control structure-borne sound transmission every airborne noise.
It will be appreciated that the sound insulation unit and damping layer of air vibration damping sound insulating structure can be according to noise pollution degree and thinking
Reach effect design structure to be arranged, that is, vibration damping sound insulating structure of the invention be not limited to include above-mentioned first every
Sound unit, the first damping layer, second sound insulation unit, the second damping layer, third insulate against sound unit, may also include other damping layers and
Insulate against sound unit.
In addition, on the thickness of above-mentioned sound insulating structure every layer should not be very thick, prevent very thick sound insulating structure from generating very big
The vibration suppression of load but appearance is limited, therefore sound insulating structure and the composite multi-layer of damping need to realize the control of structural vibration,
To reach the purpose for improving air oise insulation factor.Therefore the thickness needs of every layer of sound insulating structure set according to field condition
Meter.
In some embodiments, in order to fit closely the unit between vibration damping sound insulating structure, at least one can be set
Fastening unit.Fastening unit in the present invention is for realizing the structure or component of the function of fastening vibration damping, therefore the fastening list
Member is alternatively referred to as fastening structure or fastener.The fastening unit includes at least one of screw rod and steel structure, and the fastening is single
Member make it is described first sound insulation unit and first damping layer between and first damping layer and it is described second sound insulation unit
Between fit closely.Illustrate so that fastening unit includes screw rod and steel structure as an example fastening unit be how to make vibration damping sound insulating structure it
Between unit fit closely.As shown in figure 3, fastening unit 106 may include screw rod 1061, which is, for example, that (diameter is M10
25) setscrew.The screw rod 1061 can be multiple, be provided at predetermined intervals.Fastening unit 106 may also include steel structure
1062, increase the local strength of the second sound insulation unit 102 by steel structure 1062.The steel structure can be channel steel or steel plate.The steel structure
Can be to be multiple, multiple steel structures can be arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval on the surface of the first sound insulation unit and/or the second sound insulation unit.
By the aperture on steel structure and vibration damping sound insulating structure, screw rod is mounted within the bore.It will be appreciated that fastening shown in Fig. 3 is single
The quantity and position of member are merely exemplary, can (structure includes at least the first sound insulation unit, the according to vibration damping sound insulating structure
One damping layer and second sound insulation unit) specific structure setting fastening unit quantity and position.
It is noted that vibration damping sound insulating structure of the invention is made of multilayer sound insulation unit, the sound insulation unit of layer and layer it
Between pass through damping layer divide.By adhesive stickup make sound insulating layer in conjunction with damping layer when may be because of adhesive density unevenness
Cause sound insulating layer that cannot combine closely with damping layer, it is compound by making to multi-layer compound structure increase mechanical pressure in the present invention
Structure closely combines under stress.Setting damping layer, which constrains, among every layer of sound insulation unit inhibits the vibration of sound insulation unit to make air
Noise radiation passes through the isolation for the unit that insulates against sound layer by layer in the energy of its sound pressure level of vibration damping sound insulating structure surface and is damped by multilayer
The structure-borne sound transmission for constraining and decaying, and generate its sound insulating structure is obtained by the energy that the constraint of multiple multilayer inhibits itself to vibrate
Effective consumption.In this way, structural vibration can not only be made not get up also allow vibration biography not go out.
In addition, inventor has found that the acoustic bridge company of solid may occur between vibration damping sound insulating structure for added fastening unit
It connects.In order to effectively avoid the generation of the problem, the present invention can be realized especially by following three kinds of modes.
First way, the fastening unit include screw rod and rubber sheet gasket, and the rubber sheet gasket has special-shaped step
Structure.The rubber sheet gasket plays the role of cutting off acoustic bridge in the present invention.It is easily understood that can also have cutting with other
The gasket of acoustic bridge effect substitutes the rubber sheet gasket.
For example, rubber sheet gasket has the diameter of 50*10mm, and the diameter of special-shaped step structure is 25mm, and metal is flat
Gasket has the diameter of 50mm accordingly.Specifically, the preset holes for being 25mm by the diameter of the step insertion steel plate of diameter 25mm
In, and the diameter of flat metallic gasket and rubber sheet gasket for being successively 50mm from diameter by screw rod (such as M10) is 50mm*10mm's
Side penetrates.After penetrating, screw rod and diameter are that the side rubber layer of 25mm directly contacts, and the side rubber layer is by sound insulating structure
(such as the sound insulating structure include first sound insulation unit, the first damping layer, second sound insulation unit and the second damping layer) and screw rod every
Absolutely to the direct rigid contact for being disconnected sound insulating structure section Yu screw rod section, while again by the sound insulating layer of multilayer, damping layer
Being tightly fixed together becomes whole sound insulation vibration-reducing construction.The density of screw rod fixed point probably exists in the sound insulation vibration-reducing construction
Between 300-500mm.In one example, screw rod can be chemical anchor bolts.First steel plate and sound insulating structure are punched, chemical anchor bolts are logical
It crosses flat metallic gasket sound insulating structure is fixed on original structure (such as ground).
In the first way, reinforce the stress of its damper restriction by multiple spot screw rod producing balanced forces to obtain more preferably
Damping.Moreover, the direct rigid contact for being disconnected sound insulating structure section Yu screw rod section by the way that rubber sheet gasket is arranged.
The second way, fastening unit include the second sound insulation unit is arranged in steel structure and the steel structure separate described first
On the surface of damping layer, moreover, the fastening unit further includes vibration isolation rubber layer, vibration isolation rubber layer may be provided at the second sound insulation unit
Between steel structure, to separate the rigid connection of the second sound insulation unit and steel structure.In one example, above-mentioned steel structure can be slot
Steel.
In one embodiment, by damping process, making sound insulating structure, (such as the sound insulating structure includes the first sound insulation unit
501, the first damping layer 503 and the second sound insulation unit 502) depository receipts are on the steel structure fixed.For example, as shown in figure 4,
Increase vibration isolation rubber layer 505 between second sound insulation unit 502 and steel structure 504, the rigidity of partition the second sound insulation unit and steel structure connects
It connects., steel structure (or channel steel) can distance second insulate against sound 15~25mm of unit installed.
In some embodiments, with continued reference to Fig. 4, fastening unit further includes band steel 506 and screw 507, in the steel structure
504 centerline aperture, the screw 507 are mounted in the hole, by the screw 507 by stress described flat
On steel 506.The sound insulating structure with multilayer is tightly combined as a whole by the uniform stressed of the band steel.
In further embodiments, vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes special-shaped damping washer (not shown), will be described different
Shape damping washer is embedded into the hole of steel structure.In one example, the special-shaped damping washer surface can be lined with steel plain cushion, spiral shell
Bolt passes through the steel plain cushion and nut cooperation is fixed.Specifically, the hole of diameter 25mm is opened up on the steel structure, the spacing in hole can
For 300~500mm.8~10mm of damping material can be lined in parallel under the steel structure.Special-shaped damping washer had into diameter not
Same two sides, wherein side diameter is 50mm, the other side is directly 25mm.The side for being 25mm by the diameter of special-shaped damping washer
It is embedded into the hole of steel structure.The steel that diameter is 50mm can be lined on the surface for the side that the diameter of special-shaped damping washer is 50mm
Plain cushion, the aperture at the steel plain cushion center are Ф 10mm.M10 setscrew is penetrated to the centre bore for the steel plain cushion that diameter is 50
It is interior and then fixed by nut.In this way, steel structure is fixed by M10 setscrew.
In the second way, by as components such as the vibration isolation rubber layer of vibration-proof structure, screw and/or special-shaped damping washers
Fixed steel structure connects so that steel structure can be detached from acoustic bridge with building structure.In one example, in the hole of vibration-damp steel structure center line
Center away from for 300~500mm.
The third mode, the second sound insulation unit need to be with the first sound insulation unit fissure of displacement settings.This set can prevent air
Noise passes through slit source sound.
Wherein, the fissure of displacement refers to that connecing between insulating against sound unit meets arranged in dislocation.As shown in figure 5, by making 601 He of unit of insulating against sound
602 fissure of displacement, due to having damping layer between sound insulation unit and sound insulation unit, the gap between the unit that insulates against sound up and down passes through each
Damping layer between layer compresses sealing.
It will be appreciated that the technique of angled sound insulation unit need great care sound insulation unit end face and it is another every
Acoustic bridge connection that may be present between the section of sound unit.In this regard, by taking Fig. 5 as an example, for the unit 602 that insulates against sound end face with it is corresponding
Sound insulation unit 612 section between gap for, insulate against sound unit between damping layer 611 can be the gap sealing.This
It can also be coated with sealant between the gap outside, to disconnect between the end face of sound insulation unit and the section of another sound insulation unit
Acoustic bridge connection.
As described above, the characteristics of this vibration damping sound insulating structure is to connect between layers without acoustic bridge, above by specific
Embodiment lists when fastening unit is arranged how still " to connect without acoustic bridge ", the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned three kinds of modes,
Those skilled in the art can based on the combination or simple replacement that above-mentioned three kinds of modes are done still the scope of protection of the invention it
It is interior.For example, in the case where screw rod and steel structure is arranged, between steel structure and the surface far from the first damping layer of the second sound insulation unit
It may be provided with vibration isolation rubber layer.In addition, be only in the above-described embodiments with include two sound insulation units and damping layer every
Illustrate that sound insulating structure is the effect that realization sound insulation vibration damping how is combined with fastening unit for acoustic form, however in the present invention
In, sound insulating structure can be multilayer, that is, sound insulating structure may include the multiple sound insulation units and multiple damping layers being alternately laid with,
The sound insulating structure of the multilayer can also be implemented in combination with the effect of sound insulation vibration damping with above-mentioned fastening unit.
Based on the above embodiment, in an application scenarios, using the first sound insulation unit as wall support body.First
Sound insulation unit can have the foundation structure as support.The foundation structure includes the steel plate structure using channel steel as main material, bracket groove
Steel center is not more than 500mm away from (namely spacing distance between every two channel steel).Successively be laid on steel plate structure damping layer,
Cold-reduced sheet, the steel structure for being used as support and fastening.The steel structure can be a kind of channel steel (hereinafter referred to as fastening channel steel).Fasten the slot of channel steel
Plane is towards foundation structure, and the center line for fastening channel steel is corresponding with the center line of the channel steel of foundation structure.In steel plate structure and
It can be laid with damping flexible glue bar between cold-reduced sheet, can be also laid with other than vibration damping adhesive tape between cold-reduced sheet and fastening channel steel flat
Steel.Fastening channel steel need to be fixed on sound insulating structure by damping process, that is, by screw rod will fasten channel steel, damping layer, every
Sound unit and foundation structure are fixed as one.In the centerline aperture of fastening channel steel, the center in hole is away from no more than 500mm.?
It fastens and fastening screw is installed in the hole of channel steel, exerted a force on band steel via fastening screw, it will by band steel uniform stressed
Sound insulating structure with multilayer is tightly combined as a whole, to effectively inhibit structural vibration.
In addition, fastening unit (such as fastening screw) loosens in order to prevent, the mountable spring pad on fastening unit.Another
In one example, above-mentioned fastening channel steel, fastening screw may also be arranged on the first side of the sound insulation unit far from damping layer.It is easy reason
Solution fastens at it if sound insulating structure is excessively huge and increases secondary muscle normal thereto between steel structure, secondary muscle can be used identical
The channel steel of specification.
In some embodiments it is contemplated that in practical applications, the structure of building body is not necessarily into the planar junction of 180 degree
Structure, it is also possible at least two planar structure of certain angle be presented, in order to realize the effect of sound insulation vibration damping, such as Fig. 5
Shown, vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes the 4th sound insulation unit 610, and the 4th sound insulation unit 610 is with the first sound insulation unit 601 at certain
Angle is arranged, and may be provided with third damping layer 611, third damping layer 611 and the 4th sound insulation on the surface of the 4th sound insulation unit 610
Unit 610 fits closely.
In one example, with continued reference to Fig. 5, vibration damping sound insulating structure may also include the 5th sound insulation unit 612, the 5th sound insulation
Unit 612 is fitted tightly on the surface far from the 4th sound insulation unit of third damping layer.
Specifically, if the first sound insulation unit is floor supporter, the surrounding of vibration damping sound insulating structure need to by damping material or
Damping layer is by the connection of the vibration damping sound insulating structure and surrounding vertical structure disrupted configuration.This just can guarantee the vibration damping based on floor every
The structure of each layer sound insulating layer of acoustic form itself is disconnected the connection of section.
Fig. 6 shows the side view of the local structure of the vibration damping sound insulating structure based on ground Yu side wall body.Vibration damping sound insulation
Structure may be provided on ground supports body and wall support body.As shown in fig. 6, the vibration damping sound insulating structure includes being based on ground 100
The first sound insulating structure 701 and the second sound insulating structure 702 based on wall 200.First sound insulating structure 701 includes sound insulation unit
7012,7014 and 7016 and damping layer 7011,7013 and 7015.Second sound insulating structure 702 includes sound insulation unit 7022,7024
With 7026 and damping layer 7021,7023 and 7025.Since the first sound insulating structure 701 is laid on the ground, thus the first sound insulation
Structure 701 mutually compresses between unit and damping layer because self gravitation effect can make to insulate against sound in the first sound insulating structure 701, therefore the
One sound insulating structure 701 can not have to setting fastening unit.However, leading to since the second sound insulating structure 702 is laid on wall
Standing fastening unit of setting makes to mutually compress between sound insulation unit and damping layer in the second sound insulating structure 702.In Fig. 6, also set
It is equipped with fastening steel structure (such as channel steel) 703, fastener (such as screw) 704, band steel 705 and basic steel structure (such as angle steel) 706.
In this scenario, it is provided with band steel 705 on the second sound insulating structure 702, fastening steel structure 703 is provided on band steel 705.Tight
Gu aperture in steel structure 703, fastener 704 passes through fastening steel structure 703 by the hole and directly contacts with band steel 705.In this way, via tight
Firmware applies a force upon on band steel, and the sound insulating structure with multilayer is tightly combined as a whole by band steel uniform stressed, thus
Effectively inhibit structural vibration.In addition, basic steel structure 706 is used between the first sound insulating structure 701 and the second sound insulating structure 702
Boundary position rigidly fixes the first sound insulating structure 701 and the second sound insulating structure 702.Pass through basic 706 uniform stressed of steel structure in this way
First sound insulating structure and the second sound insulating structure are tightly combined together, thus, it is possible to more effectively inhibit structural vibration.
Fig. 7 shows the plan view of the local structure of the vibration damping sound insulating structure based on indoor supporter.Vibration damping sound insulation knot
Structure may be provided on the outside wall or outside bottom surface of indoor supporter.As shown in fig. 7, the vibration damping sound insulating structure includes being based on room
The first sound insulating structure 801 and the second sound insulating structure 802 of inner supporting body 300.Namely indoors on the outside of supporter setting first every
Acoustic form and the second sound insulating structure.In this scenario, the first sound insulating structure 801 include sound insulation unit 8011,8013 and 8015 with
And damping layer 8012,8014.Second sound insulating structure 802 include sound insulation unit 8021,8023 and 8025 and damping layer 8022,
8024.Due to the first sound insulating structure 801 and the second sound insulating structure 802 because its gravity cannot make respective sound insulation unit and resistance
It is mutually compressed between Buddhist nun's layer, therefore, is provided with fastens steel structure (such as channel steel) 803,804 as shown in Figure 7, fastener (such as spiral shell
Silk) 805,806, and basic steel structure (such as angle steel) 807.Specifically, basic steel structure is provided on the first sound insulating structure 801
807, fastening steel structure 803 is provided on basic steel structure 807.The aperture in fastening steel structure 803, fastener 805 are worn by the hole
Fastening steel structure 803 is crossed directly to contact with basic steel structure 807.Similarly, basic steel structure is provided on the second sound insulating structure 802
807, fastening steel structure 804 is provided on basic steel structure 807.The aperture in fastening steel structure 804, fastener 806 are worn by the hole
Fastening steel structure 804 is crossed directly to contact with basic steel structure 807.In this way, applying a force upon on basic steel structure via fastener, pass through base
Sound insulating structure with multilayer is tightly combined as a whole by plinth steel structure uniform stressed, to effectively inhibit structural vibration.
Fig. 8 shows the side view of the local structure of individual vibration damping sound insulating structure.The vibration damping sound insulating structure is not any
Building support support, but be separately provided, such as build an independent sound insulation room.As shown in figure 8, the vibration damping every
Acoustic form includes the first sound insulating structure 901 and the second sound insulating structure 902.First sound insulating structure 901 include sound insulation unit 9012,
9014 and 9016 and damping layer 9011,9013 and 9015.Second sound insulating structure 902 includes sound insulation unit 9021,9023 and
9025 and damping layer 9022,9024.Due to the second sound insulating structure 902 because its gravity cannot make respective sound insulation unit
It is mutually compressed between damping layer, therefore, is provided with fastening steel structure (such as channel steel) 903 as shown in Figure 8, basic steel structure (such as
Steel plate) 904, fastener (such as screw) 905,906, angle steel 907, rubber sheet gasket 908 and supporting steel structure 909.Specifically, exist
It is provided with basic steel structure 904 on second sound insulating structure 902, fastening steel structure 903 is provided on basic steel structure 904.In fastening steel
Aperture in structure 903, fastener 905 pass through fastening steel structure 903 by the hole and directly contact with basic steel structure 904.Moreover, strut angle
Boundary position of the steel 909 between the first sound insulating structure 901 and the second sound insulating structure 902 rigidly fixes the first sound insulating structure
901 and second sound insulating structure 902.In addition, in the vibration damping sound insulating structure and supporting steel structure 909 and fastening steel structure 903 place side
Opposite side can also be equipped with another supporting steel structure and another fastening steel structure, for reinforces support and fastening effect.Optionally,
When being provided with the third sound insulating structure (not shown) of multilayer on the extension direction of the first sound insulating structure 901, in the third
One fastening unit can be set again on sound insulating structure, which includes fastener 906, angle steel 907 and rubber sheet gasket 908.
Third sound insulating structure is compressed by fastener 906 and rubber sheet gasket 908.By 907 uniform stressed of angle steel by with multilayer
Two and third sound insulating structure be tightly combined as a whole, thus effectively inhibit structural vibration.
It should be noted that sound insulation unit 9012,9014 and sound insulation unit 9025 directly contact in above-mentioned Fig. 8, examine
Realization preferably vibration damping sound insulation effect is considered, between the end face of sound insulation unit 9012,9014 and the section for the unit 9025 that insulates against sound
The gap 5-8mm can be retained, and inject sealant in the gap and be sealed, to disconnect sound insulation unit 9012,9014
Acoustic bridge between end face and the section for the unit 9025 that insulates against sound connects.
Six grades of national standard sound proof window are highest level (45dB), reach 49dB due to applying this technology oise insulation factor.
The technology is also applied to soundproof door, such as the manufacture of this sound insulating structure is broadcast at prefabricated partiting sound member for the video display Room
Between, secrecy meeting room, engine of boat and ship cabin structure-borne sound transmission control etc..
Constructive embodiment described above is only schematical, wherein described, unit can as illustrated by the separation member
It is physically separated with being or may not be, component shown as a unit may or may not be physics list
Member, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over it is multiple and different in the localities.It can be selected according to the actual needs
In some or all of unit realize the purpose of the present invention program.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creative labor
In the case where dynamic, it can understand and implement.
In some embodiments, as shown in figure 9, appointing in a kind of usable previous embodiment of mounting process provided by the invention
Vibration damping sound insulating structure described in one embodiment is installed, which includes:
Step S201: setting the first sound insulation unit；
Step S202: fitting the first sound insulation unit is laid with the first damping layer；With
Step S203: the first damping layer of fitting is laid with the second sound insulation unit.
Wherein, " fitting " in step S202 and step S203 is realized by way of mechanical compaction, rather than existing
Bonding or the mode of bonding.It is this be easier to make by way of mechanical compaction the first sound insulation unit, the first damping layer, second every
It is seamless between sound unit.
Wherein, the thickness range of the first damping layer can be 5~10 millimeters, and hardness range can be 50~65.
In the above-described embodiments, vibration is suppressed by the constraint of the first damping layer due to the first and second sound insulation units
It is dynamic, and the first damping layer is fitted tightly between the first and second sound insulation units by way of mechanical compaction and is stitched without a bit
Therefore gap is connected due to multilayer plaster board by the fixed acoustic bridge for producing structure-borne sound transmission of lightgage steel joist with traditional sound insulating structure
It connects and structure-borne sound transmission is caused to be compared, can effectively avoid the occurrence of " structure biography while can be improved the air oise insulation factor of itself again
Sound ", namely avoid " secondary noise " caused by vibrating because of sound insulating material.
In one example, the surface far from the first damping layer of the second sound insulation of fitting unit is laid with the second damping layer.
In one example, the surface far from the second sound insulation unit for being bonded the second damping layer is laid with third sound insulation unit.
In one example, fastening unit is installed on the surface far from the first damping layer of the second sound insulation unit, institute
Stating fastening unit includes at least one of screw rod and steel structure, which makes the first sound insulation unit and described first
It is fitted closely between damping layer and between first damping layer and the second sound insulation unit.
In one example, the fastening unit includes screw rod, and the remote of the second sound insulation unit is arranged in the screw rod
On surface from first damping layer, in this case, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes rubber sheet gasket, the rubber sheet gasket
With the different special-shaped step structure of two sides diameter；The screw rod from the rubber sheet gasket there is larger-diameter side to penetrate
The rubber sheet gasket is disconnected direct between the section of the sound insulating structure and the section of the screw rod by the rubber sheet gasket
Rigid contact.
In one example, the fastening unit includes steel structure, and the remote of the second sound insulation unit is arranged in the steel structure
On surface from first damping layer.In this case, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes vibration isolation rubber layer, the vibration damping rubber
Glue-line setting is between the second sound insulation unit and the steel structure.
In one example, the fastening unit further includes band steel and screw, in the centerline aperture of the steel structure, institute
Screw is stated to be mounted in the hole, by the screw by stress on the band steel.
In one example, the vibration damping sound insulating structure further includes special-shaped damping washer, the abnormity damping washer insertion
Into the hole of the steel structure.
In one example, the second sound insulation unit and the first sound insulation unit fissure of displacement setting.
In one example, the 4th sound insulation unit and the first sound insulation angled setting of unit, the 4th sound insulation of fitting are single
The surface of member is laid with third damping layer, and the third damping layer is with the 4th sound insulation unit because mechanical force fits closely.
The function of each unit and the realization process of effect are specifically detailed in above structure and correspond to step in the above method
Datail description, details are not described herein.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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Cited By (1)
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