CN109808504A - A kind of magnetic levitation - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic levitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109808504A CN109808504A CN201810497948.0A CN201810497948A CN109808504A CN 109808504 A CN109808504 A CN 109808504A CN 201810497948 A CN201810497948 A CN 201810497948A CN 109808504 A CN109808504 A CN 109808504A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of magnetic levitation, which includes: that magnetic floats module, track, linear motor and passive type magnetic suspension train, wherein magnetic floats module, comprising: in the permanent magnet module of lower spill arcuate structure；The top and bottom of lower spill arcuate structure have lower spill arcwall face, and side is vertical plane；The quantity that magnetic floats module is two groups, and two groups of magnetic float the bottom that module is set to passive type magnetic suspension train；Linear motor, comprising: linear motor stator electric, linear motor rotor；Linear motor stator electric is installed on the road center position wait run railway roadbed in tunnel along the direction of travel of passive type magnetic suspension train；The quantity of track is two groups, and two groups of tracks are evenly arranged in the two sides of linear motor stator electric.The solution of the present invention can solve in existing passive type magnetic suspension system, suspend seperated with guiding, so as to cause structure is complicated, poor safety performance lamp problem, reach the beneficial effect of simplified structure, promotion security performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traffic, particularly relates to a magnetic suspension transportation system, and particularly relates to a walking mechanism based on a passive permanent magnetic suspension technology, a track of the walking mechanism, and a transportation system with the walking mechanism and the track.
Background
The existing rail transit vehicle system can include: steel wheel-rail systems, monorail systems (straddle monorail and suspended monorail), magnetic levitation systems, rubber wheel light rail systems, etc. The magnetic suspension system generally adopts several forms such as normal-conduction electromagnetic suspension, high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension, low-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension and the like at present. For a newly-emerging vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension system, a magnetic suspension technology based on a passive permanent magnet suspension technology is also applied to engineering at present. However, in the existing magnetic levitation modes, respective technical short plates exist.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, for a normally-conducting electromagnetic levitation system, levitation is mainly performed by an attraction force generated by an electromagnetic coil, and the system belongs to active levitation, so that the control requirement on the levitation system is high. In addition, because no wheel is used for supporting, only the skid device is used for supporting, and in case of power failure accidents, the skid device is only used for braking by means of sliding friction. Wherein, in the normal conducting electromagnetic suspension system, a guiding electromagnet 21, a magnetic conducting guide rail 22 and a suspension electromagnet 23 are arranged.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, for the high temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system, the permanent magnets laid along the track are consumed greatly, and it is calculated that if a permanent magnet track of 100 km is laid, the rare earth yield of China in one year will be consumed. It is extremely uneconomical to construct long and large trunks. The high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is provided with a superconducting coil 24, a ground coil 25, a high-temperature superconducting block 26 and a permanent magnet guide rail 27.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, for the cryogenic superconducting magnetic levitation technology, firstly, the complexity of the cryogenic superconducting technology itself with respect to the high temperature superconducting technology is high, and liquid helium used for cryogenic superconducting is less economical than liquid nitrogen used for high temperature superconducting. The low-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system is also provided with superconducting coils 24 and ground coils 25.
For the existing maglev train designed based on the passive permanent magnet levitation technology, taking a sample car of Hyperloop One company (i.e. super high-speed railway company, which is a pioneer enterprise with headquarters in los Angeles, USA) in a test stage as an example, from published video data, the car adopts two levitation magnets to provide lift force, two guiding magnets to provide guiding force, and small wheels to provide support on an aluminum plate. However, the sample vehicle still belongs to a principle test so far and does not bear the manned transportation task, so that whether the small wheels used as supports can adapt to the high-speed running target of the sample vehicle is unknown; and the magnetic suspension module and the guide module work independently, the structure is complex, and the engineering production is not easy.
In summary, at the present stage, the existing several magnetic suspension transportation forms have respective limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic levitation transportation system to solve the problem that an active levitation system in the prior art is poor in safety when braking is performed only by sliding friction of a skid in case of a power failure accident, and achieve the effect of improving safety performance.
The invention provides a magnetic levitation transportation system, comprising: magnetic levitation module, track, linear electric motor and passive form maglev train, wherein, the magnetic levitation module includes: the permanent magnet module is of a concave arc structure; the top surface and the bottom surface of the lower concave arc structure are provided with lower concave arc surfaces, and the side surfaces are vertical surfaces; the number of the magnetic suspension modules is two, and the two groups of the magnetic suspension modules are arranged at the bottom of the passive magnetic suspension train; the linear motor includes: a linear motor stator and a linear motor rotor; the linear motor stator is arranged on the center of the road surface of the track bed in the tunnel to be operated along the advancing direction of the passive magnetic suspension train; the number of the tracks is two, and the two tracks are uniformly arranged on two sides of the stator of the linear motor and are used for forming a suspension force and a guiding force with the magnetic suspension module under the driving of the linear motor, so that the passive magnetic suspension train runs on the tracks.
Optionally, a guide plate is further disposed on a side surface of the magnetic levitation module, so as to enhance the magnet utilization rate and the guiding force of the permanent magnet module.
Optionally, wherein the rail is made of an L-shaped aluminum alloy profile; and/or, the track, comprising: the vertical part and the horizontal part are of an L-shaped structure; the top surface of the horizontal part is provided with a concave arc-shaped surface matched with the concave arc-shaped structure of the magnetic levitation module; the vertical part is parallel to the side face of the magnetic levitation module.
Optionally, the passive magnetic levitation train comprises: a bogie and a vehicle body; the number of the bogies is two, and the two groups of the bogies are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body in a front-back mode; and each group of the bogie is matched and installed with each group of the magnetic levitation modules.
Optionally, the bogie comprises: a low floor truck; the low floor truck comprising: the independent wheel pair, the framework, the central connecting piece, the traction pull rod and the linear motor traction frame; the number of the frameworks is two, and the two groups of frameworks are connected in the middle through the central connecting piece; two groups of linear motor traction frames are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each group of framework; the linear motor rotor is suspended right below the center of the corresponding linear motor traction frame; two groups of independent wheel pairs are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each group of framework; the two groups of traction pull rods are respectively connected between the corresponding linear motor traction frame and the central connecting piece; each group of the magnetic levitation modules is arranged at the middle concave position of each group of the frameworks; the middle concave position of each group of the framework is connected to the vehicle body.
Optionally, the low-floor bogie further comprises: anti-snaking shock absorbers, vertical shock absorbers and transverse shock absorbers; the four groups of anti-snaking vibration absorbers are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the corresponding linear motor traction frames and are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode; the four groups of vertical shock absorbers are respectively arranged above the corresponding linear motor traction frame and are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode; two sets of the transverse shock absorbers are arranged on the left side and the right side of the central connecting piece.
Optionally, wherein the independent wheel pair comprises: the solid rubber wheel structure or the metal rubber composite wheel structure is used for supporting the passive magnetic suspension train and enabling the passive magnetic suspension train to run at a low-speed stage; and/or each group of the magnetic levitation modules is collinear with the center of the corresponding independent wheel pair.
According to the scheme, the low-floor type bogie is adopted, so that support and linear driving are provided for a vehicle; meanwhile, the permanent magnetic levitation module and the magnetic levitation track are used for providing levitation force and guiding force for the vehicle; when the train is emergently braked, the safety is greatly improved because a mature mechanical braking mode is adopted; the permanent magnetic suspension has lower cost than the superconducting suspension, so the method has stronger economy; meanwhile, the magnetic levitation module technology integrating levitation and guidance is adopted, so that the structure is simpler and more reasonable, and the engineering realization capability is stronger.
Furthermore, according to the scheme of the invention, the low-floor type bogie and the magnetic levitation module form based on the passive permanent magnetic levitation technology is adopted, and in addition, the magnetic levitation module has two functions of levitation and guidance, so that the novel traveling mechanism has the potential of further improving the running speed, and has certain technical advantages; in addition, the low-floor bogie is adopted, so that the train has a lower appearance, and the section size of the vacuum pipeline is reduced.
Therefore, according to the scheme of the invention, by adopting a passive permanent magnetic suspension technology and combining a low-floor type bogie, a permanent magnetic suspension module with a suspension function and a guiding function and a magnetic suspension track, the problem that the safety of an active suspension system in the prior art is poor if the active suspension system brakes by only relying on the sliding friction of a skid in the case of power failure accident is solved, thereby overcoming the defects of poor safety, high cost and complex structure in the prior art and realizing the beneficial effects of good safety, low cost and simple structure.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a normally-conductive electromagnetic levitation (EMS) system in a low-speed normally-conductive magnetic levitation state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a normally-conductive electromagnetic levitation (EMS) system in a high-speed normally-conductive magnetic levitation state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation (EDS) system in a repulsive levitation state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a low temperature superconducting magnetic levitation (EDS) system in a suction levitation state, referring to the example shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) magnetic levitation system suspended by high temperature superconducting coils, and another schematic structural diagram of a High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) magnetic levitation system suspended by high temperature superconducting bulk materials can be seen in an example shown in fig. 4;
FIG. 6 is an overall layout view of the running mechanism and its track in the magnetic levitation transportation system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the track and linear motor stator layout in the magnetic levitation transport system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the track and linear motor stator layout in the magnetic levitation transport system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a view showing the arrangement of the running mechanism and the vehicle body in the magnetic levitation transportation system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of the running gear and the vehicle body of the magnetic levitation transportation system of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front cross-sectional view of the running gear of the magnetic levitation transport system of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a left side view of the running mechanism of the magnetic levitation transport system of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a top view of the running gear of the magnetic levitation transport system of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows, in combination with the accompanying drawings:
1-a linear motor stator; 2-a ballast bed; 3, tunneling; 4-track (e.g., L-shaped track); 5-passive magnetic suspension train; 6-low floor truck; 7-a vehicle body; 8-a magnetic levitation module; 9-independent wheel pairs; 10-a linear motor mover; 11-a primary suspension system; 12-a framework; 13-secondary suspension system; 14-a central connection; 15-linear motor lifting mechanism; 16-a traction pull rod; 17-a linear motor traction frame; 18-anti-hunting shock absorbers; 19-vertical shock absorbers; 20-a transverse damper; 21-a guiding electromagnet; 22-a magnetically permeable guide rail; 23-a suspended electromagnet; 24-a superconducting coil; 25-ground coil; 26-high temperature superconducting blocks; 27-permanent magnet guide rail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic levitation transport system is provided. Referring to the examples shown in fig. 6-13, the magnetic levitation transport system may include: the magnetic levitation train comprises a magnetic levitation module 8, a track 4, a linear motor and a passive magnetic levitation train 5.
Wherein, the magnetic suspension module 8 may include: and the permanent magnet module is of a concave arc structure. The top surface and the bottom surface of the lower concave arc structure are provided with lower concave arc surfaces, and the side surfaces are vertical surfaces. The number of the magnetic levitation modules 8 is two, and the two magnetic levitation modules 8 are arranged at the bottom of the passive magnetic levitation train 5.
The linear motor may include: the linear motor comprises a linear motor stator 1 and a linear motor rotor 10. The linear motor stator 1 is installed on the center of the road surface of the track bed 2 in the tunnel 3 to be operated along the advancing direction of the passive magnetic suspension train 5.
The number of the tracks 4 is two, and the two groups of tracks 4 are uniformly arranged on two sides of the linear motor stator 1 and can be used for forming a suspension force and a guiding force with the magnetic suspension module 8 under the driving of the linear motor, so that the passive magnetic suspension train 5 runs on the tracks 4. The concave arc-shaped magnetic levitation module and the magnetic levitation track provide levitation force and guiding force.
Therefore, the permanent magnetic levitation module and the magnetic levitation track are used for providing levitation force and guiding force for the vehicle, and the magnetic levitation module technology integrating levitation and guiding is adopted, so that the structure is simpler and more reasonable, and the engineering realization capability is stronger.
Furthermore, the side surface of the magnetic levitation module 8 is also provided with a guide plate which can be used for enhancing the magnet utilization rate and the guiding force of the permanent magnet module.
Therefore, the utilization rate and the guiding force of the magnet of the magnetic levitation module are further increased through the guide plate, and the stability and the reliability of the running of the vehicle are favorably improved.
Optionally, the rail 4 is made of an L-shaped aluminum alloy profile.
Optionally, the track 4 may include: the vertical part and the horizontal part are of an L-shaped structure. The top surface of the horizontal part is provided with a concave arc-shaped surface matched with the concave arc-shaped structure of the magnetic levitation module 8. The vertical part is parallel to the side surface of the magnetic levitation module 8.
Therefore, through the L-shaped track, the track structure can be simplified on one hand, and reliable suspension force and guiding force can be formed between the L-shaped track and the magnetic suspension module on the other hand, so that the safety and the reliability of vehicle operation are improved.
In an alternative example, the passive magnetic levitation train 5 may include: a bogie and a vehicle body 7.
The number of the bogies is two, and the two sets of the bogies are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body 7 in a front-back mode. And each group of the bogie is matched with each group of the magnetic levitation modules 8 for installation.
Therefore, the passive magnetic suspension train is formed by matching the bogie and the train body, the structure is simple, and the running flexibility of the train is good.
Further, the bogie may include: a low floor truck 6. The low floor truck 6 may include: independent wheel pairs 9, a frame 12, a central coupling 14, a traction link 16 and a linear motor traction carriage 17.
Wherein the number of the frameworks 12 is two, and the two groups of the frameworks 12 are connected in the middle through the central connecting piece 14. Two groups of linear motor traction frames 17 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each group of framework 12. The linear motor rotor 10 is suspended right below the center of the corresponding linear motor traction frame 17. Two groups of independent wheel pairs 9 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each group of framework 12. Two groups of the traction pull rods 16 are respectively connected between the corresponding linear motor traction frame 17 and the central connecting piece 14. Each set of the magnetic levitation modules 8 is installed at the middle concave position of each set of the framework 12. Each set of the frames 12 is connected to the vehicle body 7 at a central recessed position.
Therefore, the low-floor type bogie is formed by the independent wheel pair, the framework, the central connecting piece, the traction pull rod, the linear motor traction frame and the like, has a simple structure and good reliability, is favorable for reducing the overall height of the vehicle, reduces the space capacity of the vehicle occupying a tunnel, and is low in cost.
Further, the low-floor bogie 6 may further include: anti-hunting dampers 18, vertical dampers 19 and lateral dampers 20.
Wherein, four groups of the anti-snaking vibration dampers 18 are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the corresponding linear motor traction frames 17 and are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode. The four groups of vertical shock absorbers 19 are respectively arranged above the corresponding linear motor traction frame 17 and are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode. Two sets of the lateral shock absorbers 20 are installed on the left and right sides of the central link 14.
Therefore, through multiple shock absorbers, the vibration in the running process of the vehicle can be reduced, the running environment of the vehicle is improved, and the user experience is improved.
Optionally, the independent wheel pair 9 may include: a solid rubber wheel structure or a metal rubber composite wheel structure may be used to support the passive magnetic levitation train 5 and to operate the passive magnetic levitation train 5 in a low speed stage.
Therefore, the independent wheel pair supporting the vehicle and enabling the vehicle to run in a low-speed stage is simple in structure, and the running reliability and safety of the vehicle can be improved.
Optionally, each set of said magnetic levitation modules 8 is collinear with the center of the corresponding said independent wheel pair 9.
Therefore, the magnetic levitation module and the center of the independent wheel pair are collinear, and the levitation and operation reliability and safety can be improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a novel running gear and a track thereof to solve the problems of the prior art. The running mechanism and the track are based on a passive permanent magnet suspension technology and are combined with a low-floor bogie and a permanent magnet suspension technology. Specifically, the running mechanism and the track thereof adopt a low-floor bogie to provide support and linear drive for the vehicle, and simultaneously provide suspension force and guiding force for the vehicle by means of the permanent magnetic suspension module and the magnetic suspension track. Therefore, when the train is emergently braked, the safety is greatly improved because a mature mechanical braking mode is adopted; the permanent magnetic suspension has lower cost than the superconducting suspension, so the method has stronger economy; simultaneously, owing to adopt suspension, direction to merge the magnetism module technique of an organic whole, the structure is more simple reasonable, compares in adopting two suspension magnets to provide lift, two direction magnets provide the guiding force, have the truckle simultaneously and provide the sample car of support on aluminum plate, possesses stronger engineering realization ability.
Namely, the novel running mechanism and the track thereof have safer braking performance than the traditional normal magnetic suspension mode, and are more mature particularly in emergency braking; meanwhile, the method has stronger economy and lower construction cost than a superconducting magnetic suspension form; in addition, because the low-floor bogie and the magnetic levitation module form based on the passive permanent magnetic levitation technology are adopted, and the magnetic levitation module has two functions of levitation and guidance, the novel traveling mechanism has the potential of further improving the running speed, and has certain technical advantages; in addition, the novel walking mechanism and the track thereof are also suitable for a vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension system, and the train has a lower appearance due to the adoption of the low-floor bogie, so that the section size of the vacuum pipeline is reduced.
In an alternative example, the new running gear and track type has better braking capability and higher safety due to the adoption of wheels as the supporting and driving mechanism at low speed; the magnetic suspension module and the guide module are integrated, so that the structure is simpler and the layout is more reasonable; the guidance of the track is more perfect, the centering adaptability and the self-correcting capability are stronger, and the phenomena of derailment and overturning of the train are avoided; due to the adoption of the low-floor type bogie, a lower overall dimension is obtained, so that the occupied space of a tunnel is smaller, and the economical efficiency is higher.
Preferably, in the scheme of the invention, the concave arc-shaped magnetic levitation module, the magnetic levitation track and the concave arc-shaped track can be used as the wheel track, the side surface of the arc-shaped track and guide and other various implementation modes.
In an alternative embodiment, the scheme of the invention mainly aims to solve the technical problems of the existing magnetic suspension train, such as the defects of safety and economy, the complicated structure of the suspension and guide mechanism of the existing magnetic suspension train, and the like. Therefore, the scheme of the invention realizes the driving and suspension actions of the passive magnetic suspension train by designing the running mechanism based on the passive permanent magnetic suspension technology and the track thereof; meanwhile, the walking mechanism and the track are suitable for a vacuum pipeline traffic system and have the potential of further increasing the running speed in the vacuum pipeline.
Specifically, the running mechanism adopts a combination mode of a low-floor bogie and a magnetic levitation module and is driven by a linear motor. In the low-speed stage, the vehicle runs on the track by means of wheels, the magnetic levitation module interacts with the aluminum alloy track, and the permanent magnets of the magnetic levitation module cut magnetic lines of force, so that upward lifting force is generated on the track. After the train reaches a certain speed, the floating is realized along with the increase of the lifting force, and the stable cruise stage is gradually started. When the train is braked, the linear motor performs eddy current braking, the lifting force generated by the magnetic levitation module and the track is gradually reduced along with the reduction of the running speed, the train descends onto the track again, the wheels realize mechanical braking, and finally the train stably stops at a platform of a station. The L-shaped track not only provides upward lifting force for the running mechanism, but also provides guiding force for the side surface, thereby ensuring that the train can always run safely in the track.
The running mechanism and the track thereof are particularly suitable for being used in a vacuum pipeline, and the running mechanism and the track thereof are specifically described by taking the running in the vacuum pipeline as an example:
the running gear can run in a closed tunnel 3. A track bed 2 is paved in the tunnel 3, a linear motor stator 1 is installed on the center of the road surface of the track bed 2 along the advancing direction of the tunnel, and L-shaped tracks 4 are uniformly arranged on two sides of the linear motor stator 1. A passive magnetic levitation vehicle 5, consisting of a low-floor bogie 6 and a vehicle body 7, runs on the track 4.
Optionally, the low-floor bogie 6 mainly comprises a semicircular magnetic levitation module 8, an independent wheel pair 9, a linear motor mover 10, a framework 12, a central connecting piece 14, a traction pull rod 16, a linear motor traction frame 17, an anti-snaking shock absorber 18, a vertical shock absorber 19, a transverse shock absorber 20 and the like.
Wherein the frames 12 are located on the left and right sides of the bogie, in a 100% low floor design, connected in the middle by a central connecting member 14. Two groups of linear motor traction frames 17 are respectively fixed at the front end and the rear end of the two groups of frameworks 12. Two groups of independent wheel pairs 9 are respectively fixed below the front end and the rear end of each group of framework 12. The independent wheel pair 9 is a combination form of a solid rubber wheel and a metal wheel shaft, and plays a role in supporting and low-speed stage operation. The magnetic levitation module 8 is arranged at the lower concave part of the framework 12, and the center of the magnetic levitation module is collinear with the center of the independent wheel pair 9. Two groups of traction pull rods 16 are respectively connected between a linear motor traction frame 17 and the central connecting piece 14, and four groups of anti-snaking shock absorbers 18 are respectively arranged on the outer side of the linear motor traction frame 17 and are arranged in bilateral symmetry. Four groups of vertical shock absorbers 19 are respectively arranged above the linear motor traction frame 17 and are arranged in bilateral symmetry. Two sets of transverse shock absorbers 20 are mounted to the left and right sides of the central link 14.
Two groups of low-floor bogies 6 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the passive magnetic suspension train 5 along the track advancing direction and always run in the track 4. The track 4 is made of an L-shaped aluminum alloy section, the bottom surface of the track is arc-shaped and is parallel to the circular ring part of the magnetic levitation module 8, and the side surface of the track is parallel to the vertical surface of the magnetic levitation module 8.
Specifically, the running process of the running mechanism and the track thereof is as follows:
the passive magnetic suspension train 5 is supported on the track 4 by four groups of independent wheel pairs 9 in the stopping stage and the low-speed stage of operation, and is driven by the linear motor rotor 10 and the linear motor stator 1 to advance together when being started. At the moment, the magnetic levitation module 8 consisting of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and the track 4 cut magnetic lines of force to generate upward lift force, and after a certain speed is reached, the passive magnetic levitation train 5 achieves levitation and is continuously driven to cruise speed by the linear motor. During braking, the linear motor rotates reversely, the passive magnetic suspension train 5 decelerates, the lift force gradually decreases along with the decrease of the speed, the passive magnetic suspension train 5 descends to the track 4 after the speed decreases to a certain speed, and the independent wheel set 9 performs mechanical braking until the braking is stopped. All the time, the L-shaped side surface of the track 4 and the vertical surface of the magnetic suspension module 8 generate guiding force, so that the passive magnetic suspension train 5 is ensured to run along the central line of the track 4 all the time. The circular arc-shaped bottom surface of the track 4 also ensures self-centering property, so that the passive magnetic suspension train 5 can keep running along the center of the track in a low-speed stage.
After the tunnel is vacuumized, the influence of air resistance on the passive magnetic suspension train 5 is greatly reduced and even can be ignored, the running speed of the passive magnetic suspension train is greatly increased, high-speed or ultrahigh-speed running can be performed, and a good speed-increasing space is provided.
From the above process, it can be seen that, because the independent wheel pair 9 is adopted as the support of the running mechanism and the driving mechanism at the low speed stage, compared with the conventional skid mechanism of the normal magnetic suspension train, the skid mechanism has better braking performance and greatly improves the safety.
The magnetic levitation module 8 forms an upward lifting force by utilizing the circular ring surface at the bottom and the circular arc surface of the track 4, and forms a guiding force by utilizing the vertical surface of the side surface of the magnetic levitation module 8 and the vertical surface of the track 4, so that the magnetic levitation module and the guiding module are perfectly integrated together. Compared with the existing high-speed normally-conducting magnetic suspension train and other super high-speed rail sample vehicles based on the maglpane principle (the magnetic suspension module and the guide module work independently respectively), the suspension and guide structure is simpler and is easier for engineering production. Compared with the traditional magplane integral arc magnetic suspension module, the invention adopts the structural form of two groups of magnetic suspension modules which are respectively arranged at two sides of the running mechanism, is more close to the double-engine layout mode of the civil aviation passenger plane and is more reasonable in dynamics.
When the passive magnetic suspension train 5 runs at a low-speed stage, the independent wheel pair 9 runs on the arc surface of the track 4, and the guidance of the passive magnetic suspension train 5 at the low-speed stage is ensured due to the self-centering characteristic of the arc surface. When the passive magnetic suspension train 5 floats at a certain speed, the side surface of the magnetic suspension module 8 and the vertical surface of the track 4 form a guiding force, so that the passive magnetic suspension train can also keep safe running along the track at a high speed stage, and the phenomena of derailment, overturning and the like can not occur at a turning stage.
Compared with trains of other systems, the passive magnetic suspension train 5 based on the passive permanent magnetic suspension technology has better speed-up space. The device is particularly suitable for running in a vacuum pipeline. Even though a common wheel-rail vehicle runs in a vacuum pipeline, mechanical resistance brought by a wheel rail is an important factor influencing further speed increase of the vehicle although air resistance restriction is avoided. Although the superconducting maglev train has a good speed-up space, the consumption of permanent magnets on the track used by the high-temperature superconducting maglev train is too large, the liquid helium preparation technology required by the low-temperature superconducting maglev train is complex, and the economy of the superconducting maglev train is not as good as that of the passive maglev train 5 based on the passive permanent magnet suspension technology.
Because of the low floor type bogie, the bogie has lower external dimension than the traditional bogie. If the tunnel is operated in a vacuum pipeline, the required cross section size of the tunnel is further reduced because the air resistance influence is not involved, and the construction cost of the tunnel is reduced.
In addition, the bottom surface of the L-shaped rail 4 is not limited to the circular arc shape, and may be a horizontal bottom surface directly; similarly, the circular ring form of the magnetic levitation module 8 is changed into a rectangular shape. That is, the invention is not limited to the bottom surface form as long as the combination form of the L-shaped track 4 and the magnetic levitation module 8 is protected.
In summary, the scheme of the invention can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) the low-floor bogie is adopted to provide support and linear drive for the vehicle, and preferably, wheels are adopted as a driving mechanism for support and low-speed running, so that the low-floor bogie has better braking capability and stronger safety compared with the traditional normally-conductive maglev train.
(2) The magnetic suspension module and the guide module are integrated, so that the structure is simpler and the layout is more reasonable. Compared with the prior 'super high-speed rail' sample vehicles which are also based on the passive permanent magnetic suspension technology, the engineering manufacture is easier to realize.
(3) The guidance of the track is more perfect, the self-correcting capability is stronger, and the phenomena of derailment and overturn of the train are avoided.
(4) The passive magnetic suspension technology based on the passive permanent magnetic suspension technology has higher speed-increasing space compared with the common wheel-rail train, has better economy compared with the superconducting magnetic suspension train, and can meet the ultrahigh speed requirement of a vacuum pipeline.
(5) Due to the adoption of the low-floor type bogie structure, a lower overall dimension is obtained, so that the section of the tunnel which is in operation in the future is greatly reduced, and the construction cost of the tunnel is reduced.
Through a large number of tests, the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, and the low-floor bogie is adopted to provide support and linear drive for the vehicle; meanwhile, the permanent magnetic levitation module and the magnetic levitation track are used for providing levitation force and guiding force for the vehicle; when the train is emergently braked, the safety is greatly improved because a mature mechanical braking mode is adopted; the permanent magnetic suspension has lower cost than the superconducting suspension, so the method has stronger economy; meanwhile, the magnetic levitation module technology integrating levitation and guidance is adopted, so that the structure is simpler and more reasonable, and the engineering realization capability is stronger.
In summary, it is readily understood by those skilled in the art that the advantageous modes described above can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A magnetic levitation transport system, comprising: a magnetic suspension module (8), a track (4), a linear motor and a passive magnetic suspension train (5), wherein,
the magnetic levitation module (8) comprises: the permanent magnet module is of a concave arc structure; the top surface and the bottom surface of the lower concave arc structure are provided with lower concave arc surfaces, and the side surfaces are vertical surfaces; the number of the magnetic suspension modules (8) is two, and the two groups of magnetic suspension modules (8) are arranged at the bottom of the passive magnetic suspension train (5);
the linear motor includes: the linear motor comprises a linear motor stator (1) and a linear motor rotor (10); the linear motor stator (1) is arranged on the center of the road surface of the track bed (2) in the tunnel (3) to be operated along the advancing direction of the passive magnetic suspension train (5);
the number of the tracks (4) is two, and the two groups of tracks (4) are uniformly arranged on two sides of the linear motor stator (1) and are used for forming a suspension force and a guiding force with the magnetic suspension module (8) under the driving of the linear motor, so that the passive magnetic suspension train (5) runs on the tracks (4).
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, at the side of the magnetic levitation module (8), there is further provided a guide plate for enhancing the magnet utilization and guiding force of the permanent magnet module.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the rail (4) is made of an L-shaped aluminum alloy profile;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the rail (4) comprising: the vertical part and the horizontal part are of an L-shaped structure; the top surface of the horizontal part is provided with a concave arc-shaped surface matched with the concave arc-shaped structure of the magnetic suspension module (8); the vertical part is parallel to the side face of the magnetic levitation module (8).
4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the passive magnetic levitation train (5) comprises: a bogie and a vehicle body (7); wherein,
the number of the bogies is two, and the two groups of the bogies are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body (7) in a front-back mode;
and each group of the bogie is matched and installed with each group of the magnetic levitation modules (8).
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the bogie comprises: a low floor truck (6);
the low floor truck (6) comprising: the device comprises independent wheel pairs (9), a framework (12), a central connecting piece (14), a traction pull rod (16) and a linear motor traction frame (17); wherein,
the number of the frameworks (12) is two, and the two groups of frameworks (12) are connected in the middle through the central connecting piece (14);
two groups of linear motor traction frames (17) are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each group of framework (12); the linear motor rotor (10) is suspended right below the center of the corresponding linear motor traction frame (17);
two groups of independent wheel sets (9) are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each group of framework (12); the two groups of traction pull rods (16) are respectively connected between the corresponding linear motor traction frame (17) and the central connecting piece (14);
each group of the magnetic levitation modules (8) is arranged at the middle concave position of each group of the framework (12); the middle concave position of each group of the framework (12) is connected to the vehicle body (7).
6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that the low-floor bogie (6) further comprises: an anti-hunting shock absorber (18), a vertical shock absorber (19) and a transverse shock absorber (20); wherein,
the four groups of anti-snaking vibration absorbers (18) are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the corresponding linear motor traction frames (17) and are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode;
the four groups of vertical shock absorbers (19) are respectively arranged above the corresponding linear motor traction frame (17) and are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode;
two sets of the transverse shock absorbers (20) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the central connecting piece (14).
7. The system of claim 5 or 6, wherein,
the independent wheel pair (9) comprising: a solid rubber wheel structure or a metal rubber composite wheel structure for supporting the passive magnetic levitation train (5) and enabling the passive magnetic levitation train (5) to operate at a low speed stage;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
each set of the magnetic levitation modules (8) is collinear with the center of the corresponding independent wheel pair (9).
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| CN110422181A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-08 | 北京九州动脉隧道技术有限公司 | A kind of track compensation device of passive type magnetic suspension train |
| CN111284330A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-16 | 上海交通大学 | High-temperature superconducting electric magnetic suspension train |
| CN111921477A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for magnetic suspension supergravity enhanced reaction |
| CN112298239A (en) * | 2020-11-01 | 2021-02-02 | 成都西交领创科技有限公司 | Middle-arranged long-stator high-speed permanent magnet maglev train suspension frame and running system |
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