CN109797265B - Method for accurately controlling slag remaining amount of converter - Google Patents
Method for accurately controlling slag remaining amount of converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109797265B CN109797265B CN201910271266.2A CN201910271266A CN109797265B CN 109797265 B CN109797265 B CN 109797265B CN 201910271266 A CN201910271266 A CN 201910271266A CN 109797265 B CN109797265 B CN 109797265B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for accurately controlling the amount of remaining slag of a converter, which comprises the following steps: when the converter draws carbon, detecting the initial angle of the slag at the converter mouth and sending the initial angle to a converter tilting control unit; the converter tilting control unit acquires the optimal carbon pulling furnace rocking angle corresponding to the required slag amount according to the initial slag discharging angle of the furnace mouth and the pre-stored required slag amount and in combination with the slag condition of the furnace slag; and the converter tilting control unit controls the converter to swing to the corresponding optimal carbon-pulling furnace-swinging angle, and swings the converter to the zero position after the furnace slag in the converter is static. The method for accurately controlling the slag remaining amount of the converter provided by the invention realizes accurate control of the slag remaining amount, improves the operation stability of the smelting process of the converter and the control precision of the end point of the converter, has great significance for reducing the process slag overflow amount and improving the quality of molten steel, and can effectively reduce the consumption of iron and steel materials, alloys and deoxidizers. And safety and equipment accidents caused by serious slag overflow due to temperature fluctuation in the smelting process caused by inaccurate control of the slag amount can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for accurately controlling the amount of remaining slag of a converter.
Background
The converter slag remaining method is a steelmaking method in which a part of slag in steelmaking is left in a converter to participate in slagging in the next converter. Because the final slag has high alkalinity, ferric oxide content and temperature, the method is beneficial to the formation of initial slag and early dephosphorization, and improves the whole-course slagging, thereby greatly reducing the consumption of steel and iron materials, the consumption of limestone, increasing the consumption of scrap steel and being beneficial to the improvement of the furnace life.
The accurate degree of the control of the converter slag remaining amount is one of key parameters of heat balance and material balance calculation in the converter smelting process, and if the data of the slag remaining amount is inaccurate or the slag remaining amount does not meet smelting requirements, the dephosphorization efficiency in the converter process, the end point temperature of the converter and the component hit rate are reduced, and the influence on the molten steel quality and the smelting cost is large.
In addition, because the heat balance calculation accuracy of the converter is poor, the temperature fluctuation in the smelting process causes the occurrence of safety and equipment accidents caused by serious slag overflow.
However, at present, the amount of the converter slag is mostly judged by operators in front of the converter according to experience, and the accuracy is low.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problems of poor molten steel quality, high smelting cost and the like caused by low control accuracy of the converter slag remaining amount is a problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for accurately controlling a slag remaining amount in a converter, which can effectively solve the problems of poor molten steel quality and high smelting cost caused by low accuracy of the slag remaining amount in the converter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for accurately controlling the amount of remaining slag of a converter comprises the following steps:
when the converter draws carbon, detecting the initial angle of the slag at the converter mouth and sending the initial angle to a converter tilting control unit;
the converter tilting control unit acquires the optimal carbon pulling furnace rocking angle corresponding to the required slag amount according to the initial slag discharging angle of the furnace mouth and the pre-stored required slag amount and in combination with the slag condition of the furnace slag;
and the converter tilting control unit controls the converter to swing to the corresponding optimal carbon-pulling furnace-swinging angle, and swings the converter to the zero position after the furnace slag in the converter is static.
Preferably, in the method for accurately controlling the amount of slag remaining in the converter, the obtaining of the optimal carbon pulling rocking angle corresponding to the required amount of slag remaining specifically includes:
calculating the optimal carbon pulling furnace rocking angle according to the following formula:
the optimal furnace swinging angle for carbon drawing is the initial angle of the slag falling from the furnace mouth + the required slag amount/(the total amount of CaO in the auxiliary material/the content of CaO in the slag + the amount of the slag remaining in the upper furnace) × (90-the initial angle of the slag falling from the furnace mouth).
Preferably, in the method for accurately controlling the amount of slag remaining in the converter, the required amount of slag remaining is determined by calculation according to the conditions of the raw materials fed into the converter.
Preferably, in the method for accurately controlling the amount of remaining slag in the converter, the required amount of remaining slag is determined by calculation according to the conditions of the raw materials fed into the converter, and the method specifically includes:
and calculating the optimal dephosphorization slag amount by using the distribution ratio of phosphorus, calculating the required lime amount according to the Si content of the molten iron, and calculating according to the theoretical slag amount of 45 percent to finally obtain the required slag amount.
Preferably, in the method for accurately controlling the amount of remaining slag in the converter, the detecting of the initial angle of slag dropping at the furnace mouth specifically includes:
and detecting the initial angle of the slag at the furnace mouth by adopting an infrared detection device arranged at the slag discharging side of the converter.
Preferably, in the method for accurately controlling the amount of the slag remaining in the converter, the infrared detection device is fixedly mounted on the fire damper on the slag discharging side.
By applying the method for accurately controlling the slag remaining amount of the converter, which is provided by the invention, the converter rocking angle corresponding to the required slag remaining amount is obtained by detecting the initial slag falling angle at the converter mouth and combining the prestored required slag remaining amount and the slag condition of the furnace slag, so that the converter is controlled to rock to the corresponding angle, the accurate control of the slag remaining amount is realized, the operation stability of the smelting process of the converter and the control precision of the end point of the converter are improved, the method has great significance for reducing the slag overflowing amount in the process and improving the quality of molten steel, and the consumption of steel materials, alloys and deoxidizers can be effectively reduced. And safety and equipment accidents caused by serious slag overflow due to temperature fluctuation in the smelting process caused by inaccurate control of the slag amount can be avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for accurately controlling the amount of slag remaining in a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for accurately controlling the amount of remaining slag of a converter, which aims to improve the quality of molten steel and reduce smelting cost.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for accurately controlling a slag remaining amount of a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the method for accurately controlling the amount of the remaining slag of the converter provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: and when the converter draws carbon, detecting the initial angle of the slag at the converter mouth and sending the initial angle to the converter tilting control unit.
Specifically, an infrared detection device installed on the slag discharging side of the converter can be used for detecting the initial slag discharging angle (initial slag discharging angle of the converter by pulling carbon and turning over). That is, the initial angle of the slag at the furnace mouth is detected by the infrared detection device, and the detailed structure and working principle of the infrared detection device are referred to the prior art, which is not described herein again. The infrared detection device can be fixedly arranged on the fire baffle on the slag discharging side.
S2: the converter tilting control unit acquires the optimal carbon-pulling furnace rocking angle corresponding to the required slag amount according to the initial slag-discharging angle of the furnace mouth and the pre-stored required slag amount and in combination with the slag condition of the furnace slag.
The required slag amount and the slag condition of the slag can be input into the converter tilting control unit in advance, and the converter tilting control unit can obtain the optimal carbon-pulling furnace rocking angle corresponding to the required slag amount according to the received initial slag-off angle of the furnace mouth and the prestored parameters.
Specifically, the optimal carbon pulling furnace rocking angle is calculated and obtained according to the following formula:
the optimal furnace swinging angle of the carbon drawing is the initial angle of the slag falling from the furnace mouth + the required slag amount/(the total amount of CaO in auxiliary materials/the content of CaO in the slag + the amount of the slag remaining in the upper furnace) × (90-the initial angle of the slag falling from the furnace mouth); wherein the auxiliary materials are auxiliary materials added in the smelting process. The converter tilting control unit calculates and obtains the optimal carbon-pulling furnace-rocking angle according to the calculation formula by combining the slag condition of the slag according to the initial slag-discharging angle of the furnace mouth and the pre-stored required slag-remaining amount.
S3: and the converter tilting control unit controls the converter to swing to the corresponding optimal carbon-pulling furnace-swinging angle, and swings the converter to the zero position after the furnace slag in the converter is static.
And (4) swinging the converter to a corresponding furnace swinging angle, starting to discharge slag, and waiting for the slag in the converter to be static, wherein the slag quantity in the converter is the required slag quantity.
By applying the method for accurately controlling the slag remaining amount of the converter, which is provided by the invention, the converter rocking angle corresponding to the required slag remaining amount is obtained by detecting the initial slag falling angle at the converter mouth and combining the prestored required slag remaining amount and the slag condition of the furnace slag, so that the converter is controlled to rock to the corresponding angle, the accurate control of the slag remaining amount is realized, the operation stability of the smelting process of the converter and the control precision of the end point of the converter are improved, the method has great significance for reducing the slag overflowing amount in the process and improving the quality of molten steel, and the consumption of steel materials, alloys and deoxidizers can be effectively reduced. And safety and equipment accidents caused by serious slag overflow due to temperature fluctuation in the smelting process caused by inaccurate control of the slag amount can be avoided.
Specifically, the method for accurately controlling the amount of the slag left in the converter may further include: and measuring the height of the bottom of the converter and the diameter of the hearth, and inputting the height of the bottom of the converter, the diameter of the hearth and the required slag remaining amount into a tilting control unit of the converter. Specifically, before step S1, the bottom height and the hearth diameter of the converter are measured, and the bottom height and the hearth diameter and the required slag remaining amount are input into the converter tilting control unit. The measurements can be made either manually or by using measurement tools conventional in the art.
In the above examples, the required slag retention amount was determined by calculation based on the conditions of the raw materials charged into the converter. Specifically, the optimal dephosphorization slag amount is calculated by utilizing a phosphorus distribution ratio Lp theory, the required lime amount is calculated according to the Si content of the molten iron, and the required slag amount is finally obtained according to the slag amount of 45% generated in theory, namely the required slag amount is equal to the optimal slag amount-lime amount/45%. For the specific phosphorus partition ratio Lp theory, please refer to the prior art, and will not be described herein.
Specifically, calculating to obtain the furnace rocking angle corresponding to the required slag remaining amount may also specifically include: the converter tilting control unit calculates the amount of slag in the converter according to the adding amount of auxiliary materials in the smelting process, calculates the volume of the slag in the converter according to the initial slag discharging angle of a converter mouth and the amount of metal in the converter, and calculates the optimal furnace swinging angle according to the height of the furnace bottom, the diameter of a hearth, the volume of the slag and the required slag remaining amount.
The present embodiment will be described below by taking a preferred embodiment as an example and comparing it with a comparative example.
Example 1
The control method for the slag remaining amount of the 120-ton oxygen top-bottom combined blown converter comprises the following steps:
1) installing a slag discharging infrared detection device on the converter slag discharging measurement, wherein the device is installed on a fire baffle plate on the slag discharging side;
2) measuring the height of the bottom of the converter to be 7438mm and the diameter of the hearth to be 4286mm, calculating the required slag remaining amount to be 4.5t according to the requirements of smelting steel seeds and the conditions of furnace raw materials, and inputting the information of the required slag remaining amount, the height of the bottom of the converter and the diameter of the hearth into a tilting control program of the converter;
3) when carbon is pulled and slag is poured, the initial slag falling angle of the furnace mouth is 81.5 degrees detected by the slag falling detection device;
4) the converter tilting control program calculates the optimal furnace shaking angle to be 87.5 degrees;
5) after the converter is shaken to 87.5 degrees by the converter tilting control program for waiting for 50 seconds, the slag in the converter is in a static state, and the tilting program sends out an instruction to shake the converter to a zero position and wait for a next operation instruction.
Comparative example 1
The method for controlling the slag remaining of the 120-ton oxygen top-bottom combined blown converter comprises the following steps:
1) when the converter draws carbon, an operator shakes the converter to 88 degrees (an empirical control value);
2) and after the furnace length of the converter is judged for the end point condition at the slag discharging side, sending an instruction to swing the converter to a zero position, and waiting for a next operation instruction.
The slag remaining amount, the next furnace end point temperature control condition and the consumption of the deoxidizer of example 1 were compared with those of comparative example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of the amount of slag remaining, the temperature control at the end of the next heat and the consumption of deoxidizer
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for accurately controlling the amount of remaining slag of a converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the converter draws carbon, detecting the initial angle of the slag at the converter mouth and sending the initial angle to a converter tilting control unit;
the converter tilting control unit acquires the optimal carbon pulling furnace rocking angle corresponding to the required slag amount according to the initial slag discharging angle of the furnace mouth and the pre-stored required slag amount and in combination with the slag condition of the furnace slag;
the converter tilting control unit controls the converter to swing to the corresponding optimal carbon-pulling furnace-swinging angle, and the converter is swung to the zero position after furnace slag in the converter is static;
the obtaining of the optimal furnace swinging angle of the carbon pulling corresponding to the required slag remaining amount specifically comprises:
calculating the optimal carbon pulling furnace rocking angle according to the following formula:
the optimal furnace swinging angle for carbon drawing is the initial angle of the slag falling from the furnace mouth + the required slag amount/(the total amount of CaO in the auxiliary material/the content of CaO in the slag + the amount of the slag remaining in the upper furnace) × (90-the initial angle of the slag falling from the furnace mouth).
2. The method for accurately controlling the amount of the slag remaining in the converter according to claim 1, wherein the required amount of the slag remaining is determined by calculation according to the conditions of the raw materials fed into the converter.
3. The method for accurately controlling the amount of the slag remaining in the converter according to claim 2, wherein the required amount of the slag remaining is determined by calculation according to the conditions of the raw materials fed into the converter, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and calculating the optimal dephosphorization slag amount by using the distribution ratio of phosphorus, calculating the required lime amount according to the Si content of the molten iron, and calculating according to the theoretical slag amount of 45 percent to finally obtain the required slag amount.
4. The method for accurately controlling the amount of the remaining slag in the converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the detecting of the initial slag tapping angle at the converter mouth specifically comprises:
and detecting the initial angle of the slag at the furnace mouth by adopting an infrared detection device arranged at the slag discharging side of the converter.
5. The method for accurately controlling the amount of the slag remaining in the converter according to claim 4, wherein the infrared detection device is fixedly installed on a fire damper on the slag discharging side.
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| CN110656220B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-03-23 | 山东钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for controlling slag pouring amount of steel ladle |
| CN113528737B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-10-21 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic converter slag remaining process deslagging method and system based on image recognition |
| CN113528736B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-10-21 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and system for automatically pouring slag in converter slag retention process |
| CN115125350B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-09-12 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Precise control method and system for slag remaining amount of converter |
| CN113108614B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-06-28 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method and device for controlling reaction furnace, medium and electronic equipment |
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| US4552343A (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1985-11-12 | Insul Company, Inc. | Combination electric furnace and slag retaining pouring spout |
| KR100728130B1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-13 | 주식회사 포스코 | Converter refining method |
| JP4790489B2 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2011-10-12 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Converter steelmaking |
| CN102337372A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-02-01 | 北京科技大学 | Cooling solidification recycling method for high-temperature liquid-state slag in steelmaking furnace |
| CN103397134B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2014-12-31 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating converter slag remaining amount according to converter tilting angle |
| CN103695593B (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-07-01 | 新余钢铁集团有限公司 | Automatic steelmaking and slag-leaving operation method for converter |
| JP6485432B2 (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2019-03-20 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Blowing method for converter |
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