CN109782138A - High altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic moves experimental provision - Google Patents
High altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic moves experimental provision Download PDFInfo
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- CN109782138A CN109782138A CN201811573485.8A CN201811573485A CN109782138A CN 109782138 A CN109782138 A CN 109782138A CN 201811573485 A CN201811573485 A CN 201811573485A CN 109782138 A CN109782138 A CN 109782138A
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- test
- external insulation
- electrical apparatus
- high altitude
- pressure regulator
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mobile experimental provisions of high altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic, test portion is placed on the middle position of container, test operation part and energy slave part are disposed respectively in container both sides, all it is connected by high-voltage wall bushing with test portion, test operation part is made of observation window and alternating current-direct current hand held console, alternating current connects on pressure regulator, pressure regulator is connected with transformer, protective resistance is connected to after pressure regulator, it is connected with test product, test portion includes one and measures voltage by divider that double capacitors form, divider parallel connection accesses circuit, the leakage current on test product surface is measured by a noninductive resistance or Rogowski coil, noninductive resistance series connection access circuit, oscillograph is in parallel with noninductive resistance.The present invention has concentrated test relevant device, energy auxiliary system, test operation system, while the movement that the device can be convenient, can the relevant issues on the spot to high altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation further investigate.
Description
Technical field
For field research high altitude localities (under low air pressure condition) power transmission and transforming equipment such as insulator, transmission line of electricity, transformation
The electrical apparatus external insulations such as device characteristic and discharge mechanism.
Technical background
China's national territorial area is vast, and geographical features are that Xi Gaodong is low for height above sea level, and height above sea level is more than 1000 meters
Area account for 60% of national territorial area or more.Simultaneously as the supply of China's energy is at present with coal, water power, wind energy, photovoltaic etc.
Based on form, these resources are concentrated mainly on the west area in China, and area that are fairly developed economically has focused largely on the east in China
South is coastal, this just creates the energy centre in China in western part, and load center is in the situation of east.China's national territorial area compared with
Greatly, farther out, in order to reduce the energy loss in electricity transmission process, super-pressure, UHV transmission are the skills that must be taken to transmission distance
Art measure.For this purpose, China's power industry proposes schemes such as " transferring electricity from the west to the east, north and south supply mutually, super grids ".No matter which kind of side
Case, transmission line of electricity is all inevitably by high altitude localities.
It is well known that high altitude localities rarefaction of air, air pressure is low, this result in either the discharge voltage of the air gap,
Corona inception voltage and pollution flashover voltage can all be reduced with the raising of height above sea level.Meanwhile China's geographical environment is more multiple
Miscellaneous, the High aititude transmission line of electricity built inevitably faces filthy and worst case meteorological conditions influences, thus with
Developed country compares, and the external insulation problem of the various equipment of China's transmission line of electricity is more prominent.How complex environment is solved to power grid
The influence of middle electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic is the technical problem that high pressure, UHV transmission face at this stage.
Up to the present, the world many countries including China have carried out largely electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic
Research work, for the external insulation problem of specific electrical equipment, proposes multiple technologies side on the basis of the studies above work
Case.But electrical apparatus external insulation problem does not disappear from power grid, in particular with the fast development of China's industry, environment
Problem is got worse, and is increasingly taken place frequently so as to cause the fairly large electrical apparatus external insulation accident of China's power grid.
Electrical apparatus external insulation attribute testing generally passes through laboratory or live two ways.At present to electrical equipment outside
The research of insulation characterisitic is unfolded in laboratory, and a large number of experiments can be quickly obtained by carrying out correlative study in the lab
As a result, the research in terms of capable of preferably carrying out mechanism in laboratory simultaneously.But field test can get and most really electrically set
Standby lending analysis condition evaluation results, test result can sufficiently reflect state of the electrical equipment under actual motion condition,
Thus obtain the great attention of countries in the world.But, field test is difficult to have due to experimental condition, especially High aititude
Area, since the problems such as weather, transport causes test difficulty larger, thus up to the present, the data obtained amount is smaller.
The mobile experimental provision of high altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic test relevant device, energy auxiliary system,
And test operation system is melted into a whole in the form of container, conveniently moving is quick, solves current field test and needs to consume
It can study under different altitude height, different regions, Various Seasonal, varying environment the problem of taking a large amount of human and material resources, financial resources
Electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic.Using the experimental provision, experimenter can be quickly obtained great amount of firsthand data, be that China is high
Altitude Regions are super, UHV transmission line construction provides technical support.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art insufficient, high altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic is provided
Mobile experimental provision.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
High altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic move experimental provision, including test portion, energy slave part with
And test operation part, test portion are placed on the middle position of container, test operation part and energy slave part difference
Be placed on container both sides, be all connected by high-voltage wall bushing with test portion, test operation part by observation window and
Alternating current-direct current hand held console composition, alternating current connect on pressure regulator, and pressure regulator is connected with transformer, and guarantor is connected to after pressure regulator
Resistance is protected, is connected with test product, test portion includes one and measures voltage by divider that double capacitors form, and divider is in parallel
Circuit is accessed, the leakage current on test product surface, noninductive resistance series connection access are measured by a noninductive resistance or Rogowski coil
Circuit, oscillograph are in parallel with noninductive resistance.
Alternating current-direct current hand held console is by overvoltage, overcurrent protection indicator and the rotary pressure regulator four of alternating current and direct current
Part forms.
Rectifier is accessed after protective resistance again, alternating current is transformed into direct current.
Energy slave part is made of solar panel, diesel-driven generator, energy storage battery three parts, by casing with
Test portion and test operation part are connected.
The present invention has concentrated test relevant device, energy auxiliary system, test operation system, while the device can be convenient
Movement, can the relevant issues on the spot to high altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation further investigate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of internal structure of the invention;
1 observation window;2 alternating current-direct current hand held consoles;3 energy storage batteries;4 diesel-driven generators;5 solar panels;6 is through walls
Casing;7 pressure regulators;8 single-phase transformers;9 rectifiers;10 protective resistances;11 divider;12 ground connection;13 lifting platforms;14 spray dresses
It sets;15 oscillographs;16 fire extinguishers;17 atmospheric parameter measuring instruments;18 cameras.
Fig. 2 is alternating current circuit figure of the invention;
T: pressure regulator (20KVA);B: transformer;R0: protective resistance;F: divider (wherein C1、C2It is capacitor);S: tested
Test product;R2It is noninductive resistance (or Rogowski coil);J: oscillograph.
Fig. 3 is DC circuit figure of the present invention;
T: pressure regulator (20KVA);B: transformer;R0: protective resistance Z: rectifier;F: divider (wherein C1、C2It is electricity
Hold);S: product to be tested;R2It is noninductive resistance (or Rogowski coil);J: oscillograph.
Specific embodiment
Referring to shown in attached drawing, electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic mobile experimental provision in high altitude localities consists of three parts altogether,
It is test portion, energy slave part and test operation part respectively.Test portion is placed on the middle position of container,
Test operation part and energy slave part are disposed respectively in container both sides, all pass through high-voltage wall bushing and test portion
It is connected.
Test operation part is made of observation window and alternating current-direct current hand held console.Alternating current-direct current hand held console by overvoltage,
Overcurrent protection indicator and rotary four part of the pressure regulator composition of alternating current and direct current.For guarantee test personnel safety, test
Operator observes test process by observation window, passes through alternating current-direct current hand held console Control experiment process.
The alternating current that generator issues connects on the pressure regulator that rated capacity is 20KVA, and pressure regulator is connected with transformer,
In order to guarantee circuit safety in the case of decompression, protective resistance is accessed in circuit, is then connected again with test product.Do direct current examination
It when testing, needs to access rectifier again after protective resistance, alternating current is transformed into direct current.
The device measures voltage by the divider that double capacitors form by one, and divider parallel connection accesses circuit.Pass through
One noninductive resistance (or Rogowski coil) measures the leakage current on test product surface, noninductive resistance series connection access circuit, oscillograph
It is in parallel with noninductive resistance.
Energy slave part is made of solar panel, diesel-driven generator, energy storage battery three parts.Solar battery
Plate mainly bears daily electricity consumption since electricity is smaller, and extra electric energy is stored in battery.Diesel-driven generator mainly bears examination
Test process electricity consumption.They all pass through casing and are connected with test portion and test operation part.
Test portion capital equipment includes the equipment such as transformer, pressure regulator, divider, rectifier, and detail parameters are introduced such as
Under:
(1) transformer.Rated capacity 20KVA, voltage rating 100KV, rated current 0.2A.
(2) pressure regulator.Rated capacity 20KVA.
(3) lifting platform.For equipment such as hanging test insulator, conducting wires.In view of transmission facility is in high altitude localities
It will appear phenomena such as floaing arc, in order to guarantee the safety of experimenter, and also to can more really reflect local environment to experiment
As a result influence, lifting platform should remove container during the test, at least keep safety requirements distance with container.
(4) spray system is humidified.Under dry weather, pollution flashover accident will not generally occur for electrical equipment.Accident generally occurs
After electrical equipment is wetted, in order to study the influence to electrical equipment such as mist, dew, rain, experimental box installation humidification spray system
System.The system is expired pressure protection, ultrasonic wave fogger, sprinkling equipment and is formed by water tank, water deprivation stress protection, water.
(5) wind regime.Since high altitude localities wind speed changes greatly, the equipment is for studying local wind speed variation pair
The influence of electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic.
(6) camera installation.I--speedTR high-speed camera.For shooting the flashover in experimentation, arc phenomenon etc. of floaing.
(7) atmospheric parameter measuring instrument.The PTU2000 general measuring instrument of Vaisala company, Finland production, can measure temperature simultaneously
Degree, humidity, air pressure.
(8) divider.SGB-200A power frequency capacitive divider.
(9) leakage current collection system.Noninductive resistance, USB-6215 data collecting card.
(10) salt is close, the close measuring instrument of ash.Using DDS-11A type electric conductivity instrument.
(11) oscillograph.
When carrying out correlation test using the mobile experimental provision of high altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic, first power generation
The alternating current that machine issues connects on the pressure regulator that rated capacity is 20KVA, and pressure regulator is connected with transformer, in order to guarantee decompression
In the case of circuit safety, to access protective resistance in circuit, then be connected again with test product.When doing DC experiment, need
Rectifier is accessed after protective resistance again, alternating current is transformed into direct current.
The device measures voltage by the divider that double capacitors form by one, and divider parallel connection accesses circuit.Pass through
One noninductive resistance or Rogowski coil measure the leakage current on test product surface, noninductive resistance series connection access circuit, oscillograph with
Noninductive resistance is in parallel.
Electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic mobile experimental provision in high altitude localities not only can carry out phase to outdoor electrical equipment
Test is closed, the lending analysis that the weather conditions such as mist, rain, dew, filth descend electrical equipment can also be studied with the experimental provision,
When doing such test, start supersonic gas day with fog, spray water to electrical equipment, until the leakage current of tested electrical equipment is minimum.
The experimental provision can be used to study exhausted outside electrical equipment under the conditions of Various Seasonal, different altitude height, varying environment
Edge characteristic.To be measured in order to distinguish influence of the environment to test result, before test local height above sea level and temperature, humidity,
The natural environmental conditions such as filth.
It is close in order to study the influence of the factors External Insulation characteristic such as air pressure, temperature, humidity, wind-force, misty rain, icing
The medium-term and long-term weather forecast for paying close attention to local meteorological department's publication, makes experiment routing in advance.
During test, it is contemplated that float arc phenomena such as, testing crew should keep certain safe distance with equipment under test, right
Special experimental phenomena is recorded by camera.
Method one: (suitable for measuring the electrical equipment directly removed from power grid.)
Step 1: electrical equipment is unloaded from power grid, in uninstall process, it should be noted that not change electrical equipment surface
Filth.
Step 2: the different location on test product surface takes several fractions respectively, for measuring the salt on electrical equipment surface
It is close and grey close.In order to not influence the measurement of its flash-over characteristic, the surface re-coating pollution layer that reply was cleaned after measurement gives extensive
It is multiple.
Step 3: test product surface is sufficiently soaked with ultrasonic atomizer, and is determined by measuring its leakage current.
Step 4: according to IEC international standard, related discharge attribute testing is carried out to test product.Test process to make test product with
Experimental box keeps safe distance.
Method two: (being suitable for man-made chamber)
Step 1: electrical equipment surface clean to be measured is clean, then it is placed on naturally dry on clean cushion.
Step 2: calculating the surface area of electrical equipment to be measured, according to NaCl needed for international standard IEC60507 calculating and not
The Specific amounts of soluble substance.Add appropriate amount of purified water to be then evenly stirred until paste, then it is uniformly painted on to insulator to be measured
Surface, when brushing, make every effort to uniform.
Step 3: test product surface is sufficiently soaked with ultrasonic atomizer, and is determined by measuring its leakage current.
Step 4: according to IEC international standard, related discharge attribute testing is carried out to test product.Test process to make test product with
Experimental box keeps safe distance.
2260 meters of embodiment 1:(height above sea level, Xining, artificial pollution test)
Step 1, selection XP-70 type insulator.Insulator to be measured is carefully cleaned to remove surface filth.It is then hung up liter
Naturally dry on platform drops.
Step 2, the PTU2000 general measuring instrument produced using Vaisala company, Finland, measure local temperature, humidity
And air pressure.
Step 3 calculates insulator surface product, close, grey close according to insulator surface to be measured product calculating salt, according to international standard
The Specific amounts of NaCl and insoluble substance needed for IEC60507 is calculated.Appropriate amount of deionized water is added then to be evenly stirred until paste, it will
It is uniformly painted on insulator surface to be measured.Brushing points for attention: make every effort to uniform;It avoids staining substance and fall.
Step 4 is sufficiently soaked with pollution layer of the ultrasonic atomizer to insulator surface, measures its surface conductivity,
Stop wetting until surface conductivity is minimum.
Pollution layer conductivity is scaled to 20 DEG C of base temperature as the following formula
K20=Kθ[1-b(6-20)]
Wherein: θ is insulator surface temperature
KθPollution layer conductivity when being θ DEG C of temperature
K20Pollution layer conductivity when being 20 DEG C of temperature
B is coefficient.
Step 5, foundation 60507 international standard of IEC apply voltage to insulator using uniform boosting method, and boost width every time
Degree is 0.3KV, is pressurizeed until insulator chain dielectric surface flashover.
Embodiment 2 (1530 meters of height above sea level, Lanzhou, natural pollution test)
Step 1: LXY-70 type insulator being unloaded from transmission line of electricity, is handled with care in uninstall process, not changed
The filth of insulator surface.
Step 2: the PTU2000 general measuring instrument produced using Vaisala company, Finland measures local temperature, humidity
And air pressure.
Step 3: in the different location of insulator surface, three fractions are taken respectively, for measuring electrical equipment surface
Salt is close and grey close.Take the average value of measurement close, grey close as the salt of insulator surface.In order to not influence the survey of its flash-over characteristic
Amount is coped with the surface re-coating pollution layer cleaned and is restored after measurement.
Step 4: test product surface sufficiently being soaked with ultrasonic atomizer, and is determined by measuring its leakage current, is leaked
Stop wetting when current maxima.Pollution layer conductivity is scaled to 20 DEG C of base temperature as the following formula
K20=Kθ[1-b(θ-20)]
Wherein: θ is insulator surface temperature
KθPollution layer conductivity when being θ DEG C of temperature
K20Pollution layer conductivity when being 20 DEG C of temperature
B is coefficient.
Step 5: according to IEC international standard, after wetting, pressurizeing to insulator, carried out using uniform boosting method immediately
Flashover property test, boost 0.3KV every time, pressurizes until generating flashover.
Claims (4)
1. high altitude localities electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic move experimental provision, including test portion, energy slave part and
Test operation part, which is characterized in that test portion is placed on the middle position of container, test operation part and energy auxiliary
Part be disposed respectively in container both sides, be all connected by high-voltage wall bushing with test portion, test operation part by
Observation window and alternating current-direct current hand held console composition, alternating current connect on pressure regulator, and pressure regulator is connected with transformer, in pressure regulator
After be connected to protective resistance, be connected with test product, test portion includes one and measures voltage by divider that double capacitors form, point
Depressor parallel connection accesses circuit, and the leakage current on test product surface, noninductive resistance are measured by a noninductive resistance or Rogowski coil
Series connection access circuit, oscillograph are in parallel with noninductive resistance.
2. the mobile experimental provision of electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic in high altitude localities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Alternating current-direct current hand held console is made of overvoltage, overcurrent protection indicator and rotary four part of pressure regulator of alternating current and direct current.
3. the mobile experimental provision of electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic in high altitude localities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Rectifier is accessed after protective resistance again, alternating current is transformed into direct current.
4. the mobile experimental provision of electrical apparatus external insulation characteristic in high altitude localities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Energy slave part is made of solar panel, diesel-driven generator, energy storage battery three parts, passes through casing and test portion
And test operation part is connected.
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