CN109765717B - Pixel structure, driving method thereof, array substrate and display device - Google Patents
Pixel structure, driving method thereof, array substrate and display device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a pixel structure, a driving method thereof, an array substrate and a display device, and belongs to the technical field of display. The pixel structure comprises a sub-pixel and a dimming element; the sub-pixels are arranged on one side of the substrate and can emit light in a direction away from the substrate; the light modulation element comprises a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer and a second electrode; the first electrode and the sub-pixels are arranged on the same side of the substrate, the liquid crystal layer is arranged on one side of the first electrode, which is far away from the substrate, and the second electrode is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal layer, which is far away from the substrate; the first electrode is a transparent electrode, the second electrode is a transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, and the material of the liquid crystal layer comprises polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The pixel structure can realize various different display modes, and the functions of the display device are expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a pixel structure, a driving method thereof, an array substrate, and a display device.
Background
With the continuous expansion of the application field of display technology and the development of display technology, many application fields put new functional demands on display technology. For example, in the fields of business places, vehicle-mounted mirrors, and the like, it is desirable that the display device not only be used for displaying pictures, but also be used as a mirror when necessary, or be in a transparent state so as to avoid blocking the sight of people.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute prior art that is known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pixel structure, a driving method thereof, an array substrate and a display device, and the functions of the display device are expanded.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the disclosure is as follows:
according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first pixel structure comprising:
the sub-pixels are arranged on one side of the substrate and can emit light in a direction far away from the substrate;
a light modulation element including a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer, and a second electrode; the first electrode and the sub-pixels are arranged on the same side of the substrate, the liquid crystal layer is arranged on one side of the first electrode, which is far away from the substrate, and the second electrode is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal layer, which is far away from the substrate;
the first electrode is a transparent electrode, the second electrode is a transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, and the material of the liquid crystal layer comprises polymer dispersed liquid crystal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the dimming elements is plural, and is divided into two types of a first dimming element and a second dimming element;
the second electrode of the first light adjusting element is a transparent electrode, and the second electrode of the second light adjusting element is a reflective electrode.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the sub-pixels is plural, and different sub-pixels are used for emitting light of different colors;
the pixel structure comprises a plurality of light modulation parts, and the light modulation parts and the sub-pixels are alternately arranged along a preset direction; any one of the dimming portions includes the dimming element.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the sub-pixel includes:
the third electrode is arranged on one side of the substrate;
the light-emitting layer is arranged on one side of the third electrode, which is far away from the substrate;
the fourth electrode is arranged on one side of the light-emitting layer, which is far away from the substrate;
the sub-pixel is divided into a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel, and the fourth electrode of the first sub-pixel is a transparent electrode and is used for emitting light in a direction away from the substrate; the third electrode of the second sub-pixel is a transparent electrode for emitting light in a direction toward the substrate.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the pixel structure further includes:
the first shading layer is arranged on one side, close to the substrate, of the sub-pixels and the dimming element and comprises a first shading part and a first light-transmitting part; the first light shielding part covers the third electrode of the first sub-pixel, and the first light transmitting part covers the first electrode and the third electrode of the second sub-pixel;
the second shading layer is arranged on one side, away from the substrate, of the sub-pixel and the dimming element and comprises a second shading part and a second light-transmitting part; the second light shielding portion covers the fourth electrode of the second sub-pixel, and the second light transmitting portion covers the second electrode and the fourth electrode of the first sub-pixel.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are located on the same side of the dimming element; or, the first sub-pixel is located at one side of the dimming element, and the second sub-pixel is located at the other side of the dimming element.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a driving method of a pixel structure, for driving the pixel structure, the driving method comprising:
when the second electrode is a transparent electrode, applying a first signal to the sub-pixel to make the sub-pixel emit light; applying a second signal to the dimming element to make the liquid crystal layer transparent; or applying a third signal to the dimming element such that the liquid crystal layer is cloudy;
when the second electrode is a reflecting electrode, applying a first signal to the sub-pixel to enable the sub-pixel to emit light; applying a fourth signal to the dimming element to make the liquid crystal layer transparent; or applying a fifth signal to the dimming element such that the liquid crystal layer is cloudy.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second pixel structure comprising:
the sub-pixels are arranged on one side of the substrate and can emit light in a direction far away from the substrate;
and the light-transmitting element and the sub-pixels are arranged on the same side of the substrate.
According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, an array substrate is provided, which includes the pixel structure.
According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a display device is provided, which includes the array substrate.
In the first pixel structure, the driving method thereof, the array substrate and the display device provided by the present disclosure, when the first electrode is a transparent electrode, the liquid crystal layer can be made transparent or opaque by controlling a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode. When the liquid crystal layer is opaque, the pixel structure is only used for displaying; when the first electrode is a transparent electrode and the liquid crystal layer is transparent, the dimming element is in a transparent state, and the pixel structure can keep the transparent characteristic during displaying, so that the display device applying the pixel structure cannot shield the sight. When the first electrode is a reflective electrode and the liquid crystal layer transmits light, the first electrode can reflect the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer and has a reflection function, so that the display device applying the first pixel structure can also be used as a mirror when displaying. The first pixel structure can present different display modes under different control states, and the display mode of the display device using the first pixel structure is expanded, so that the requirements of more fields can be met.
In a second pixel structure, a driving method thereof, an array substrate and a display device provided by the present disclosure, a sub-pixel can emit light, and a light-transmitting element allows light to pass through the pixel structure. Therefore, the display device using the pixel structure can be in a transparent state during display, and transparent display can be realized.
Drawings
The above and other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of sub-pixel and dimming element distribution of a first pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a second pixel structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
The reference numerals of the main elements in the figures are explained as follows:
101. a substrate 101; 102. a substrate; 200. a sub-pixel; 201. a third electrode; 202. a light emitting layer; 203. a fourth electrode; 204. a first sub-pixel; 2041. a fourth electrode of the first sub-pixel; 205. a second sub-pixel; 2051. a third electrode of the second sub-pixel; 21. an R sub-pixel; 211. r a first sub-pixel; 212. r second sub-pixels; 22. g sub-pixel; 221. g a first sub-pixel; 222. g a second sub-pixel; 23. a B sub-pixel; 231. b a first sub-pixel; 232. b a second sub-pixel; 300. a light adjusting element; 301. a first electrode; 302. a liquid crystal layer; 303. a second electrode; 304. a first dimming element; 3041. a first electrode of the first dimming element; 305. a second dimming element; 3051. a first electrode of the second light adjusting element; 401. a first light filter film; 402. a second light filter film; 501. a first light shielding portion; 502. a second light shielding portion; 601. a first encapsulation layer; 602. a second encapsulation layer; 700. a light adjusting section; 701. a first functional component; 702. a second functional component; 703. a third functional component; 704. a fourth functional component; 800. a light transmissive element. A. A light emitting region; B. a dimming area; C. a first light-emitting region; D. a second light emitting region.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure.
In the drawings, the thickness of regions and layers may be exaggerated for clarity. The same reference numerals denote the same or similar structures in the drawings, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
The terms "a," "an," "the," and the like are used to denote the presence of one or more elements/components/parts; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc. The terms "first" and "second", etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
The first pixel structure is provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, the first pixel structure includes a sub-pixel 200 and a dimming element 300, wherein,
the sub-pixel 200 is provided on one side of the substrate 101, and can emit light in a direction away from the substrate 101;
the light modulating element 300 includes a first electrode 301, a liquid crystal layer 302, and a second electrode 303; the first electrode 301 and the sub-pixel 200 are arranged on the same side of the substrate 101, the liquid crystal layer 302 is arranged on the side of the first electrode 301 away from the substrate 101, and the second electrode 303 is arranged on the side of the liquid crystal layer 302 away from the substrate 101;
the second electrode 303 is a transparent electrode, the first electrode 301 is a transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, and the material of the liquid crystal layer 302 includes polymer dispersed liquid crystal.
In the first pixel structure provided by the present disclosure, when the first electrode 301 is a transparent electrode, the liquid crystal layer 302 can be made transparent or opaque by controlling a potential difference between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 303. When the liquid crystal layer 302 is opaque, the pixel structure is used for display only; when the first electrode 301 is a transparent electrode and the liquid crystal layer 302 is transparent, the light modulation element 300 is in a transparent state, and the pixel structure can maintain the transparent characteristic during displaying, so that a display device applying the pixel structure cannot block the sight; when the first electrode 301 is a reflective electrode and the liquid crystal layer 302 transmits light, the first electrode 301 can reflect light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 302 to have a reflective function, so that the display device using the first pixel structure can also be used as a mirror during displaying. The first pixel structure can present different display modes under different control states, and the display mode of the display device using the first pixel structure is expanded, so that the requirements of more fields can be met.
The components of the first pixel structure provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 2, the light modulation element 300 can be divided into a first light modulation element 304 and a second light modulation element 305, wherein the first electrode 3041 of the first light modulation element is a transparent electrode, and the first electrode 3051 of the second light modulation element is a reflective electrode. The first dimming element 304 can be switched between two states, non-reflective and transmissive, and the second dimming element 305 can be switched between two states, non-reflective and reflective.
The pixel structure may include one dimming element 300 (as shown in fig. 13) or may include a plurality of dimming elements 300 (as shown in fig. 14). It is understood that any dimming element 300 can be either the first dimming element 304 or the second dimming element 305.
When all the dimming elements 300 are the first dimming elements 304, the first pixel structure can be transparent or opaque under the control of voltage, so that the display device applying the first pixel structure can be switched between a normal display mode (only displaying a picture) and a transparent display mode (the display device does not obstruct the view while displaying the picture).
When all the dimming elements 300 are the second dimming elements 305, the first pixel structure can be transparent or opaque under the control of voltage, so that the display device applying the first pixel structure can be switched between a normal display mode (only displaying a picture) and a mirror display mode (the display device can be used as a mirror while displaying a picture).
When the number of the dimming elements 300 of the display structure is plural and the first dimming element 304 and the second dimming element 305 are both included, the liquid crystal layer 302 of any dimming element 300 can be transparent or opaque under the voltage control. Thus, the first pixel structure can have three independently controlled functions of display, transparency and mirror reflection, so that a display device applying the first pixel structure can have a normal display mode, a transparent display mode, a mirror display mode and a mirror transparent display mode (when displaying a picture, the display device does not obstruct the view and can be used as a mirror).
The dimming element 300 may further include a first alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer 302 and the first electrode 301, and a second alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer 302 and the second electrode 303. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are used to determine the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 302 under the condition of no external voltage, thereby determining whether the liquid crystal layer 302 is in a transparent state or in a turbid state under the condition of no external voltage.
It is understood that any of the dimming elements 300 may further include a spacer for confining the liquid crystal layer 302 between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 303.
In one embodiment, the transparent electrode may be made of a transparent conductive metal oxide such as ITO, and the reflective electrode may be made of a metal such as silver.
The number of the sub-pixels 200 may be one, or may be multiple, and a plurality of different sub-pixels 200 are used for emitting light of different colors. For example, as shown in fig. 8, the first pixel structure may include three different sub-pixels 200, i.e., an R sub-pixel 21 for emitting red light, a G sub-pixel 22 for emitting green light, and a B sub-pixel 23 for emitting blue light.
The sub-pixel 200 may be an LCD sub-pixel, an OLED sub-pixel, or other type of sub-pixel. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the sub-pixel 200 may include a third electrode 201, a light emitting layer 202, and a fourth electrode 203. Wherein, the third electrode 201 is disposed on one side of the substrate 101; the light-emitting layer 202 is arranged on the side of the third electrode 201 far away from the substrate 101; the fourth electrode 203 is provided on the side of the light-emitting layer 202 away from the substrate 101. The light emitting layer 202 can be caused to emit light by applying a voltage or a current between the third electrode 201 and the fourth electrode 203. In a further aspect, the light emitting layer 202 may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electroluminescent layer 202, a hole blocking layer, and an electron transport layer, which are sequentially stacked between the third electrode 201 and the fourth electrode 203.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the sub-pixel 200 may include only the first sub-pixel 204 for emitting light in a direction away from the substrate 101.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the sub-pixel 200 may be divided into a first sub-pixel 204 and a second sub-pixel 205, wherein the first sub-pixel 204 is configured to emit light in a direction away from the substrate 101, and the second sub-pixel 205 is configured to emit light in a direction toward the substrate 101; in this way, the first pixel structure can emit light to both sides of the substrate 101, so that a display device using the first pixel structure can realize a double-sided display function. The first sub-pixel 204 and the second sub-pixel 205 may be disposed adjacent or not adjacent. Furthermore, the first sub-pixel 204 and the second sub-pixel 205 can be independently controlled by different driving circuits, and the light emitting states of the first sub-pixel 204 and the second sub-pixel 205 can be the same or different. Thus, the display device applying the first pixel structure can realize double-sided independent display, namely, one side of the display device can display one picture, and the other side can display the other picture.
In order to make the light emitted from the sub-pixel 200 irradiate a desired direction, the fourth electrode 2041 of the first sub-pixel may be a transparent electrode, and the third electrode 2051 of the second sub-pixel may be a transparent electrode.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first pixel structure may further include a substrate 102, where the substrate 102 is disposed on a side of the sub-pixel 200 and the dimming element 300 away from the substrate 101. The substrate 102 may be the same as or different from the base plate 101 in structure, material, size, etc., and the disclosure is not limited thereto. It is understood that the second light shielding layer may be disposed on a side of the substrate 102 away from the substrate 101, or on a side of the substrate 102 close to the substrate 101, which is not particularly limited in this disclosure.
In one embodiment, the first pixel structure can be prepared by a cell-on-cell method. For example, if any of the sub-pixels 200 includes a first sub-pixel 204 and a second sub-pixel 205, a first pixel structure can be prepared by:
step S110, forming a first sub-pixel 204 and a first electrode 301 on one side of the substrate 101, and reserving a first space for accommodating a second sub-pixel 205 on the same side of the substrate 101 to obtain a first component;
step S120, forming a second sub-pixel 205 and a second electrode 303 on one side of the substrate 102, and reserving a second space for accommodating the first sub-pixel 204 on the same side of the substrate 102 to obtain a second component;
step S130, cell-aligning the first component and the second component, and adding Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) between the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 303 during cell alignment to obtain a first pixel structure. It can be understood that, when the cartridge is aligned, it is necessary to make the first sub-pixel 204 enter the second space, make the second sub-pixel 205 enter the first space, and make the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 303 be oppositely disposed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in order to avoid color shift caused by the fourth electrode 2041 of the first sub-pixel reflecting ambient light, a side of the fourth electrode 2041 of the first sub-pixel away from the substrate 101 may be further covered with a first filter 401, and a filter color of the first filter 401 is the same as an emission color of the first sub-pixel 204. Thus, a polarizer is not required to be disposed on the side of the first sub-pixel 204 away from the substrate 101. For example, if the first sub-pixel 204 is configured to emit red light, the color of the first filter 401 is red; if the first sub-pixel 204 is used to emit green light, the color of the first filter 401 is green, and if the first sub-pixel 204 is used to emit blue light, the color of the first filter 401 is blue. In another embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first filter 401 on the substrate 101 coincides with the orthographic projection of the first sub-pixel 204 on the filter, so as to ensure that the first filter 401 covers the first sub-pixel 204 and prevent the first filter 401 from covering the light modulation element 300. In another embodiment, the first filter 401 may be disposed on a side of the substrate 102 away from the first sub-pixel 204.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, in order to avoid color shift caused by the third electrode 2051 of the second sub-pixel reflecting ambient light, a side of the third electrode 2051 of the second sub-pixel close to the substrate 101 may be further covered with a second filter 402, and a filter color of the second filter 402 is the same as a light emitting color of the second sub-pixel 205. Thus, no polarizer is required to be disposed on the side of the second sub-pixel 205 close to the substrate 101. For example, if the second sub-pixel 205 is configured to emit red light, the color of the second filter 402 is red; if the second sub-pixel 205 is used to emit green light, the color of the second filter 402 is green, and if the second sub-pixel 205 is used to emit blue light, the color of the second filter 402 is blue. In another embodiment, the orthographic projection of the second filter 402 on the substrate 101 coincides with the orthographic projection of the second sub-pixel 205 on the filter, so as to ensure that the second filter 402 covers the second sub-pixel 205 and avoid the second filter 402 covering the light-modulating element 300. In another embodiment, the second filter 402 can be disposed on a side of the substrate 101 away from the second sub-pixel 205.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, in order to reduce the reflection of the third electrode 201 of the first sub-pixel 204 to the external light and improve the display effect of the second sub-pixel 205, the first pixel structure may further include a first light-shielding layer. The first light shielding layer is disposed on the side of the sub-pixel 200 and the light adjusting element 300 close to the substrate 101, and the first light shielding layer may include a first light shielding portion 501 and a first light transmitting portion, the first light shielding portion 501 covers the third electrode 201 of the first sub-pixel 204, and the first light transmitting portion covers the first electrode 301 and the third electrode 2051 of the second sub-pixel. Thus, ambient light is shielded by the first light shielding portion 501, and cannot irradiate the third electrode 201 of the first sub-pixel 204 to be reflected, so that the display effect of the second sub-pixel 205 is improved. The position of the second sub-pixel 205 corresponding to the light adjusting element 300 is covered by the first light-transmitting part, so that the normal passing of light can be ensured. In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting portion may have a hollow structure.
It is understood that the first light shielding layer may be disposed between the substrate 101 and the sub-pixel 200, or disposed on a side of the substrate 101 away from the sub-pixel 200, which is not limited in this disclosure.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, in order to reduce the reflection of the fourth electrode 203 of the second sub-pixel 205 to the external light and improve the display effect of the first sub-pixel 204, the first pixel structure may further include a second light-shielding layer. The second light shielding layer is arranged on the side of the sub-pixel 200 and the light adjusting element 300 away from the substrate 101, and comprises a second light shielding part 502 and a second light-transmitting part; the second light shielding portion 502 covers the fourth electrode 203 of the second subpixel 205, and the second light transmitting portion covers the second electrode 303 and the fourth electrode 2041 of the first subpixel. Thus, the ambient light is shielded by the second light shielding portion 502, and cannot be irradiated to the fourth electrode 203 of the second sub-pixel 205 to be reflected, so that the display effect of the first sub-pixel 204 is improved. The position of the first sub-pixel 204 corresponding to the light adjusting element 300 is covered by the second light-transmitting part, so that the normal passing of light can be ensured. In one embodiment, the second light-transmitting portion may have a hollow structure.
It is understood that the second light shielding layer may be disposed between the substrate 102 and the sub-pixel 200, or disposed on a side of the substrate 102 away from the sub-pixel 200, which is not limited in this disclosure.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the first pixel structure may further include a first encapsulation layer 601, where the first encapsulation layer 601 is made of a transparent material and covers the dimming element 300. The first encapsulation layer 601 may include one material layer or may include multiple different material layers. Further, the first encapsulation layer 601 is disposed on a side of the substrate 102 away from the base plate 101.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the first pixel structure may further include a second encapsulation layer 602, where the second encapsulation layer 602 is made of a transparent material and covers the dimming element 300. The second encapsulation layer 602 may include one material layer or may include multiple different material layers. Further, the second encapsulation layer 602 is disposed on a side of the substrate 101 away from the sub-pixel 200.
The arrangement between the sub-pixel 200 and the light modulation element 300 can be combined in many different ways, and each arrangement does not affect the light emission of the sub-pixel 200 and the adjustment of the display mode (normal display, mirror display, transparent implementation or mirror transparent display) of the first pixel structure by the light modulation element 300.
For example, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the number of the sub-pixels 200 may be multiple, and different sub-pixels 200 are used for emitting light of different colors; the pixel structure comprises a plurality of light modulation parts 700, wherein the light modulation parts 700 and the sub-pixels 200 are alternately arranged along a preset direction; any of the dimming parts 700 includes the dimming element 300. It is understood that the number of the dimming elements 300 in the same dimming part 700 may be one or more, and any one of the dimming elements may be the first dimming element 304 or the second dimming element 305.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the first pixel structure includes an R sub-pixel 21, a second dimming element 305, a first dimming element 304, a G sub-pixel 22, a second dimming element 305, a first dimming element 304, a B sub-pixel 23, a second dimming element 305, and a first dimming element 304, which are sequentially arranged along a straight line. The second dimming element 305 and the first dimming element 304 constitute a dimming portion 700.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the first pixel structure includes a first functional component 701 and a second functional component 702 which are adjacently disposed, wherein the first functional component 701 includes an R first sub-pixel 211, a first dimming element 304, a G first sub-pixel 221, a second dimming element 305, a B first sub-pixel 231, and a first dimming element 304 which are sequentially disposed along a straight line direction; the second functional component 702 includes a second dimming element 305, an R first sub-pixel 211, a first dimming element 304, a G first sub-pixel 221, a second dimming element 305, and a B first sub-pixel 231, which are sequentially arranged along the same linear direction.
The R first sub-pixel 211 of the first functional module 701 and the R first sub-pixel 211 of the second functional module 702 form an R sub-pixel 21, the G first sub-pixel 221 of the first functional module 701 and the G first sub-pixel 221 of the second functional module 702 form a G sub-pixel 22, and the B first sub-pixel 231 of the first functional module 701 and the B first sub-pixel 231 of the second functional module 702 form a B sub-pixel 23.
Wherein one of the dimming portions includes: the second dimming element 305 on the left side of the R first sub-pixel 211 in the second functional component 702. The other dimming part 700 includes: the first dimming element 304 between the R first sub-pixel 211 and the G first sub-pixel 221 in the first functional component 701, and the first dimming element 304 between the R first sub-pixel 211 and the G first sub-pixel 221 in the second functional component 702. Another dimming element includes: the second dimming element 305 between the B first sub-pixel 231 and the G first sub-pixel 221 in the first functional component 701, and the second dimming element 305 between the B first sub-pixel 231 and the G first sub-pixel 221 in the second functional component 702. Another dimming element includes: the first dimming element 304 at the right side of the B first sub-subpixel 231 in the first functional component 701.
For another example, the number of the sub-pixels 200 may be multiple, and different sub-pixels 200 are used for emitting light of different colors; the sub-pixels 200 are disposed on the same side of the light modulation element 300.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the pixel structure includes a light emitting region a and a light adjusting region B which are adjacently disposed, wherein the light emitting region a has an R sub-pixel 21, a B sub-pixel 23, and a G sub-pixel 22 disposed therein; the dimming element 300 is disposed in the dimming region B. The connection portion between the light emitting region a and the dimming region B may be a straight line or a non-closed loop curve, which is not particularly limited in this disclosure.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the R sub-pixel 21 may include an R first sub-pixel 211 and an R second sub-pixel 212; the G sub-pixel 22 may include a G first sub-pixel 221 and a G second sub-pixel 222; the B sub-pixel 23 may include a B first sub-pixel 231 and a B second sub-pixel 232 to implement a dual-sided display. In another embodiment, only the first dimming element 304 or the second dimming element 305 may be disposed in the dimming region B, and the first dimming element 304 and the second dimming element 305 may be disposed at the same time.
For another example, the first sub-pixel 204 and the second sub-pixel 205 are located on the same side of the dimming element 300; alternatively, the first sub-pixel 204 is located at one side of the dimming element 300, and the second sub-pixel 205 is located at the other side of the dimming element 300.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the first pixel structure includes an R sub-pixel 21, a dimming element 300, a G sub-pixel 22, a dimming element 300B, a sub-pixel 23, and a dimming element 300, which are sequentially disposed along a straight line. Wherein the R sub-pixel 21 includes an R first sub-pixel 211 and an R second sub-pixel 212 which are adjacently disposed; the G sub-pixel 22 includes a G first sub-pixel 221 and a G second sub-pixel 222 which are adjacently disposed; the B sub-pixel 23 includes a B first sub-pixel 231 and a B second sub-pixel 232 which are adjacently disposed.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, the first pixel structure includes a dimming region B and first and second light emitting regions C and D located at both sides of the dimming region B. The dimming region B is provided with a dimming element 300 therein, and the first light emitting region C is provided with an R first sub-pixel 211, a B first sub-pixel 231, and a G first sub-pixel 221 therein; the R second sub-pixel 212, the B second sub-pixel 232, and the G second sub-pixel 222 are disposed in the second emission region D. The R first sub-pixel 211 and the R second sub-pixel 212 constitute an R sub-pixel 21 of the first pixel structure, the G first sub-pixel 221 and the G second sub-pixel 222 constitute a G sub-pixel 22 of the first pixel structure, and the B first sub-pixel 231 and the B second sub-pixel 232 constitute a B sub-pixel 23 of the first pixel structure.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, the first pixel structure includes a third functional component 703 and a fourth functional component 704 which are adjacently disposed, wherein the third functional component 703 includes an R first sub-pixel 211, a dimming element 300, a G first sub-pixel 221, a dimming element 300, a B first sub-pixel 231, and a dimming element 300 which are sequentially disposed along a straight line direction; the fourth functional component 704 includes a dimming element 300, an R second sub-pixel 212, a dimming element 300, a G second sub-pixel 222, a dimming element 300, and a B second sub-pixel 232, which are sequentially arranged along the same linear direction. The R first sub-pixel 211 of the third functional component 703 and the R second sub-pixel 212 of the fourth functional component 704 are not adjacent to each other and form the R sub-pixel 21, the G first sub-pixel 221 of the third functional component 703 and the G second sub-pixel 222 of the fourth functional component 704 are not adjacent to each other and form the G sub-pixel 22, and the B first sub-pixel 231 of the third functional component 703 and the B second sub-pixel 232 of the fourth functional component 704 are not adjacent to each other and form the B sub-pixel 23.
The present disclosure also provides a driving method of a pixel structure, which is used for driving the pixel structure described in the first pixel structure embodiment.
The driving method includes:
when the first electrode 301 is a transparent electrode, a first signal is applied to the sub-pixel 200, so that the sub-pixel 200 emits light; applying a second signal to the dimming element 300 so that the liquid crystal layer 302 is transparent; or applying a third signal to the dimming element 300 such that the liquid crystal layer 302 is cloudy;
when the first electrode 301 is a reflective electrode, a first signal is applied to the sub-pixel 200, so that the sub-pixel 200 emits light; applying a fourth signal to the dimming element 300, so that the liquid crystal layer 302 is transparent; or a fifth signal is applied to the dimming element 300 such that the liquid crystal layer 302 is cloudy.
In one embodiment, when the first electrode 301 is a transparent electrode and the second signal changes the liquid crystal layer 302 from being cloudy to being transparent, the pixel structure exhibits a first display state, i.e., the sub-pixel 200 emits light and the pixel structure can display transparently; when the liquid crystal layer 302 is changed from transparent to turbid due to the third signal, the pixel structure is in the second display state, i.e., the normal display state (only the sub-pixel 200 emits light). Wherein one of the second signal and the third signal may be a floating voltage, a no-load voltage, or a ground voltage.
In one embodiment, when the first electrode 301 is a reflective electrode and the fourth signal changes the liquid crystal layer 302 from opaque to transparent, the pixel structure is in a third display state, i.e. the sub-pixel 200 emits light and the pixel structure can be used as a mirror reflection picture (mirror display); when the fifth signal changes the liquid crystal layer 302 from transparent to turbid, the pixel structure is in a fourth display state, i.e., a normal display state (only the sub-pixel 200 emits light). Wherein one of the fourth signal and the fifth signal may be a floating voltage, a no-load voltage, or a ground voltage. In another embodiment, the second signal and the fourth signal are the same, and the third signal and the fifth signal are the same.
The present disclosure also provides a second pixel structure, as shown in fig. 15, the second pixel structure includes a sub-pixel 200 and a light-transmitting element 800, wherein the sub-pixel 200 is disposed on one side of the substrate 101 and can emit light in a direction away from the substrate 101; the light-transmitting element 800 is disposed on the same side of the substrate 101 as the sub-pixel 200.
In a second pixel structure provided by the present disclosure, the sub-pixel 200 can emit light, and the light-transmitting element 800 allows light to pass through the pixel structure. Therefore, the display device applying the pixel structure can be in a transparent state during display, and transparent display can be realized during display.
In an embodiment, the structure, arrangement, and the like of the sub-pixels 200 of the second pixel structure may be the same as those of the sub-pixels 200 of the first pixel structure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto, and this disclosure is not repeated herein. It is understood that when the sub-pixel 200 in the second pixel structure includes only the first sub-pixel 204, the second pixel structure can be used for single-sided display; when the sub-pixel 200 in the second pixel structure includes the first sub-pixel 204 and the second sub-pixel 205, the second pixel structure can be used for double-sided display.
In one embodiment, the light transmissive element 800 includes a layer of transparent material disposed on the substrate 101. The arrangement of the light-transmitting elements 800 may be the same as the arrangement of the first light-adjusting elements 304 in the first pixel structure, which is not particularly limited in this disclosure, and the present disclosure is not repeated herein.
It is understood that the second dimming element 305 can be included in the second pixel structure, so that the second pixel structure can realize a controllable mirror display function. The structure and the arrangement of the second light adjusting element 305 in the second pixel structure may be the same as those of the second light adjusting element 305 in the first pixel structure, and the details of the disclosure are not repeated herein.
The present disclosure also provides an array substrate 101, which includes a plurality of pixel structures, wherein the pixel structure is any one of the pixel structures described in the first pixel structure embodiment and the second pixel structure embodiment.
The pixel structure adopted by the array substrate 101 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is the same as that in the first pixel structure embodiment or the second pixel structure embodiment, and therefore, the same advantageous effects are obtained, and details are not repeated herein.
The present disclosure also provides a display device including the array substrate 101 described in the above embodiment of the array substrate 101. The display device may be a show window display screen, a gymnasium interaction screen, a clothing shop interaction experience screen, an outdoor advertisement screen, or other display devices, which is not limited in this disclosure.
The array substrate 101 employed in the display device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is the same as the array substrate 101 in the embodiment of the array substrate 101, and therefore, the display device has the same beneficial effects, and the description thereof is omitted. It is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of the components set forth in the specification. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications are within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the disclosure disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more of the individual features mentioned or evident from the text and/or drawings. All of these different combinations constitute various alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The embodiments of this specification illustrate the best mode known for carrying out the disclosure and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A pixel structure, comprising:
the sub-pixels are arranged on one side of the substrate and can emit light in a direction far away from the substrate;
a light modulation element including a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer, and a second electrode; the first electrode and the sub-pixels are arranged on the same side of the substrate, the liquid crystal layer is arranged on one side of the first electrode, which is far away from the substrate, and the second electrode is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal layer, which is far away from the substrate;
the first electrode is a transparent electrode, the second electrode is a transparent electrode or a reflecting electrode, and the material of the liquid crystal layer comprises polymer dispersed liquid crystal;
the number of the dimming elements is multiple, and the dimming elements are divided into two types, namely a first dimming element and a second dimming element; the second electrode of the first light adjusting element is a transparent electrode, and the second electrode of the second light adjusting element is a reflective electrode.
2. The pixel structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of the sub-pixels is plural, and different sub-pixels are used for emitting light of different colors;
the pixel structure comprises a plurality of light modulation parts, and the light modulation parts and the sub-pixels are alternately arranged along a preset direction; any one of the dimming portions includes the dimming element.
3. The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the sub-pixels comprise:
the third electrode is arranged on one side of the substrate;
the light-emitting layer is arranged on one side of the third electrode, which is far away from the substrate;
the fourth electrode is arranged on one side of the light-emitting layer, which is far away from the substrate;
the sub-pixel is divided into a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel, and the fourth electrode of the first sub-pixel is a transparent electrode and is used for emitting light in a direction away from the substrate;
the third electrode of the second sub-pixel is a transparent electrode for emitting light in a direction toward the substrate.
4. The pixel structure of claim 3, further comprising:
the first shading layer is arranged on one side, close to the substrate, of the sub-pixels and the dimming element and comprises a first shading part and a first light-transmitting part; the first light shielding part covers the third electrode of the first sub-pixel, and the first light transmitting part covers the first electrode and the third electrode of the second sub-pixel;
the second shading layer is arranged on one side, away from the substrate, of the sub-pixel and the dimming element and comprises a second shading part and a second light-transmitting part; the second light shielding portion covers the fourth electrode of the second sub-pixel, and the second light transmitting portion covers the second electrode and the fourth electrode of the first sub-pixel.
5. The pixel structure according to claim 3, wherein the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are located on a same side of the dimming element; or, the first sub-pixel is located at one side of the dimming element, and the second sub-pixel is located at the other side of the dimming element.
6. A driving method of a pixel structure for driving the pixel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the driving method comprising:
when the second electrode is a transparent electrode, applying a first signal to the sub-pixel to make the sub-pixel emit light; applying a second signal to the dimming element to make the liquid crystal layer transparent; or applying a third signal to the dimming element such that the liquid crystal layer is cloudy;
when the second electrode is a reflecting electrode, applying a first signal to the sub-pixel to enable the sub-pixel to emit light; applying a fourth signal to the dimming element to make the liquid crystal layer transparent; or applying a fifth signal to the dimming element such that the liquid crystal layer is cloudy.
7. An array substrate comprising a plurality of pixel structures according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A display device comprising the array substrate according to claim 7.
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| CN201910213456.9A CN109765717B (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2019-03-20 | Pixel structure, driving method thereof, array substrate and display device |
| PCT/CN2020/078221 WO2020187060A1 (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2020-03-06 | Array substrate and pixel structure driving method, and display device |
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| CN110634936B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-12-14 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Organic light emitting display panel and display device |
| CN113066378B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-13 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Display panel |
| CN113238415B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2023-05-23 | 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 | Transparent display panel and display device |
| CN115728993A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-03 | 深圳市锐尔觅移动通信有限公司 | Display screen and electronic equipment |
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| US8687147B2 (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2014-04-01 | Planck Co., Ltd. | Color regulating device for illumination and apparatus using the same, and method of regulating color |
| TWI461801B (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2014-11-21 | Au Optronics Corp | Transparent display panel and display device |
| CN102751307A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-24 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | Display capable of carrying out transparent and nontransparent conversion |
| CN103323989B (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2016-03-16 | 南京中电熊猫液晶显示科技有限公司 | A kind of display |
| US10380933B2 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2019-08-13 | Samsung Electronics Company, Ltd. | Display with high transparency |
| KR20150139424A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-12-11 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Light shield apparatus, method of fabricating the light shield apparatus, and transparent display device including the light shield appratus |
| WO2015194498A1 (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2015-12-23 | シャープ株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device |
| KR102314707B1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2021-10-20 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Light controlling apparatus, method of fabricating the light controlling apparatus, and transparent display device including the light controlling appratus |
| KR102421010B1 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2022-07-14 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Organic light emitting diode display |
| JP2019008200A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-17 | 株式会社 オルタステクノロジー | Electronic device |
| CN107768407B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2020-05-12 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Organic electroluminescent display panel and display device |
| CN109765717B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2021-01-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Pixel structure, driving method thereof, array substrate and display device |
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